//To demonstrate fork() system call

#include<stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main()
{
printf("Before fork\n");//P0
fork(); //P1, 2^1=2 (p0,p1)
fork(); // P2,P3, 2^2=4 (p0,p1,p2,p3)
fork(); // P4,P5,P6,P7, 2^3=8 (p0,p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7)
printf("After fork\n");
return(0);
}

//To demonstrate fork() system call

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("Before fork\n");
fork(); //P1 (p0,p1)
printf("After first fork\n"); //printed 2 times
fork(); //P2,P3 (p0,p1,p2,p3)
printf("After second fork\n"); //printed 4 times
fork(); //P4,P5,P6,P7 (p0,p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7)
printf("After third fork\n"); //printed 8 times
return 0;
}

//TO DEMONSTRATE EXIT(),GETPID(),GETPPID(),WAIT(),SLEEP(),EXECLP()

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main()
{
pid_t child_pid,my_pid,parent_pid,wid;
int i = 10;
child_pid = fork();
if (child_pid < 0)
{
printf("Fork failed. Exiting!\n");
exit(0);
}
if (child_pid == 0)
{
// Child process
//printf("[CHILD] Before using exit syscall\n");
//exit(0);
printf("[CHILD] This is the child process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[CHILD] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[CHILD] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[CHILD] i= %d\n",--i);
 printf("[CHILD] Child process going to load another program using execlp syscall\
n");
execlp("/bin/pwd", "pwd", NULL);
}
else
{
// Parent process
printf("[PARENT] This is the parent process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[PARENT] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[PARENT] Waiting for child to terminate\n");
wid=wait(NULL);
printf("[PARENT] Resuming after the termination of %d\n", wid);
printf("[PARENT] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[PARENT] My child's pid is %d\n", child_pid);
printf("[PARENT] i= %d\n",++i);
}
return 0;
}

//Zombie process
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
pid_t child_pid, my_pid, parent_pid;
child_pid = fork();
if (child_pid < 0)
{
printf("Fork failed. Exiting!\n");
exit(0);
}
if (child_pid == 0)
{
// Child process
printf("[CHILD] This is the child process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[CHILD] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[CHILD] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[CHILD] Exiting.\n");
exit(0);
}
else
{
// Parent process
printf("[PARENT] This is the parent process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[PARENT] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[PARENT] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[PARENT] Sleeping for 10 seconds.\n");
sleep(10);
printf("[PARENT] Child pid = %d has ended, but it has an entry in process table.
It is a zombie process.\n", child_pid);
 }
return 0;
}

//Orphan process
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
pid_t child_pid, my_pid, parent_pid;
child_pid = fork();
if (child_pid < 0)
{
printf("Fork failed. Exiting!\n");
exit(0);
}
if (child_pid == 0)
{
// Child process
printf("[CHILD] This is the child process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[CHILD] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[CHILD] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[CHILD] Sleeping for 10 seconds.\n");
sleep(10);
printf("[CHILD] My parent ended. So I am an orphan process adopted by init
process.\n");
}
else
{
// Parent process
printf("[PARENT] This is the parent process.\n");
my_pid = getpid();
parent_pid = getppid();
printf("[PARENT] My pid is %d\n", my_pid);
printf("[PARENT] My parent's pid is %d\n", parent_pid);
printf("[PARENT] Exiting.\n");
exit(0);
}
return 0;
}