Quantitative Techniques In

Project Management
Unit I
Lecture 4
March 26, 2022
 Example – WORLDLIGHT COMPANY

Amount of Resource
Resource, i Product 1, x1 Product 2, x2
Available, bi

1. Frame Parts a11 = a12 = b1 =

2. Electrical Components a21 = a22 = b2 =

c1 = c2 =
Example – WORLDLIGHT COMPANY
▪ Mathematical Model
▪ Maximize: Z = c1x1 + c2x2 =
▪ Subject To:
▪ x1 + 3x2 ≤ 200
▪ 2x1 + 2x2 ≤ 300
▪ x2 ≤ 60
▪ x1≥ 0, x2 ≥ 0
Example
▪ A company manufactures two types of products, A and B, sells them at a profit of
Rs. 4 on type A and Rs. 5 on type B.
▪ Each product is on two machines, X and Y.
▪ Type A, requires 2 minutes of processing time on X and 3 minutes on Y.
▪ Type B, requires 2 minutes of processing time on X and 2 minutes on Y.
▪ The machine X, is available for not more than 5 hours 30 min, while Y is available
for 8 hours during any working day.
▪ Formulate the problem as a LP problem.
 Example – WORLDLIGHT COMPANY

Amount of Resource
Resource, i Product A, x1 Product B, x2
Available, bi

1. Machine X a11 = a12 = b1 =

2. Machine Y a21 = a22 = b2 =

c1 = c2 =
Example Contd..
▪ Mathematical Model
▪ Maximize: Z = 4x1 + 5x2
▪ Subject To:
▪ 2x1 + 2x2 ≤ 330
▪ 3x1 + 2x2 ≤ 480
▪ x1, x2 ≥ 0
Previous Lecture
▪ Terminology of problem or mathematical formulation
▪ Decision variables (x1, x2,……, xn)
▪ Objective function (Z = c1x1 + c2x2 + c3x3 +…..+ cnxn)
▪ Constraints (ai1x1 + ai2x2+……+ ainxn ≥ or = or ≤ bi)
▪ Parameters (a1, a2,……, an)
▪ Data needed for LPP
▪ Mathematical Formulation
Example – Mathematical Formulation
▪ A dairy firm has 2 milk plants with, daily milk-production of 6 million
litres and 6 million litres, respectively. Each day, the firm must fulfil the
needs of its 3 distribution centers which have the milk requirement of
7, 5 and 3 million litres, respectively. Cost of shipping 1 million litres of
milk from each plant to each distribution center is given in hundreds of
rupees below. Formulate the LP model to minimize the transportation
cost.
Distribution Center
Plant Supply
1 2 3
1 2 3 11 6
2 1 9 6 9
Demand 7 5 3
Example – Mathematical Formulation
▪ Let,
▪ x1: quantity of milk (in million litres) transported from plant 1 to distribution
center
▪ x2: quantity of milk (in million litres) transported from plant 1 to distribution
center 2.

Distribution Center
Plant Supply
1 2 3
1 6
2 9
Demand 7 5 3
Example – Mathematical Formulation
▪ Let,
▪ x1: quantity of milk (in million litres) transported from plant 1 to distribution
center 1.
▪ x2: quantity of milk (in million litres) transported from plant 1 to distribution
center 2.

Distribution Center
Plant Supply
1 2 3
1 x1 x2 6 – x1 – x2 6
2 7 – x1 5 – x2 9 – (7 – x1) – (5 – x2) 9
Demand 7 5 3
 Example – Mathematical Formulation
▪ Minimize
▪ Z = 2x1 + 3x2 + 11(6 – x1 – x2) +(7 – x1) + 9 (5 – x2) + 6(9 – (7 – x1) – (5 – x2))
▪ Z = 79 – 4x1 – 11x2
▪ Subject To:
▪ (6 – x1 – x2) ≥ 0 OR x1 + x2 ≤ 6
▪ 7 – x1 ≥ 0 OR x1 ≤ 7
▪ 5 – x2 ≥ 0 OR x2 ≤ 5
▪ 9 – (7 – x1) – (5 – x2) ≥ 0 x1 + x2 ≥ 3
Distribution Center Distribution Center
Plant Supply Plant Supply
1 2 3 1 2 3
1 x1 x2 6 – x1 – x2 6 1 2 3 11 6
2 7 – x1 5 – x2 9 – (7 – x1) – (5 – x2) 9 2 1 9 6 9
Demand 7 5 3 Demand 7 5 3
Solution of LPP
▪ Algebraic Solution
▪ Graphical Solution
Solution of LPP – Wyndor Glass Problem
EXAMPLE – WYNDOR GLASS CO.
▪ Formulation as LPP
▪ Let,
▪ x1: number of batches of product 1 produced per week
▪ x2: number of batches of product 1 produced per week
▪ Z: total profit per week 1in thousands of dollars 2 from producing these two
products.
▪ Z = 3x1 + 5x2
▪ x1 ≤4
▪ x2 ≤ 12
▪ 3x1 + 2x2 ≤ 18
EXAMPLE – WYNDOR GLASS CO.
• Problem
Solution of LPP – Wyndor Glass Problem
• Lets solve this problem graphically

x2

x1
 Graphical Solution

Source: Frederick S. Hillier and Gerard J. Lieberman, Introduction To Operations Research, Tenth Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2019.