word rary There are many words in the English language. You will never know the meaning of every word in English. When you read, you will often find many words that you do not know You will not have enough time to stop reading and try to find every new word in a dictionary. Sometimes you can understand a new word because you know some of the parts of the new word. For example, if a word ends in the letters -er, that word might be the name for a person or thing that does a certain action, For example, a writer is a person who writes, and a driver is a person who drives, Sometimes it is pot enough to know the parts of a new word to understand it, but it will help you many times -€F —& person of thing that does a certain action Mr. Smith teaches English. He is an English teacher. oly in the manner of, this word tells how Sandra is a quick swimmer. She swims very quickly. re- do again Paul has to count the money again. He has to recount the money. in- not; negative (in- becomes im- before the letters b, m, and p; i- il- before the letter /; and ir ir- before the letter r) His answer was not complete. It was incomplete. It is not probable that we will have an casy test. It is improbable that we will have an easy test. The use of drugs is not legal. The use of drugs is illegal. The verb be is not regular. It is irregular. Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 1 Exercise 1, Word Parts: Forming New Wor Write the new words. Use the new word P: L 2: > aw = 10. M1. 12. 13. 14. 15. rds ds arts that you Fearne 1a person who teaches in a rapid manner write again in a slow manner ‘a person who sings in a careful way not correct the thing that sharpens pencils read again in a correct manner not literate a person who plays (a sport) not proper make again not active Exercise 2, Word Parts: Completing Sentences with New Words Read the sentence very carefully. Complete the sentence by writing a word on the line. Use the word parts that you learned. 1. Mr. Smith writes short stories fora living. He always wanted tobea 2. I wrote the letter with a pencil. Now I have to it with a pen. 3. John is not polite. He is very 4. Joe didn’t do the homework correctly. The teacher asked him to it ——_____ it. 5. I would lke to erase this word. May use your fora minute inute? 6. I need to open this can of beans. Where is the can > eer eect Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 1 7. Mark is not a responsible person. He is a very _________ young man. 8. The doctor examined the sick woman yesterday. She plans to _______ her tomorrow. 9. When you drive in bad weather, you must be careful. It is always necessary to drive 10. Paul is in college, but he is not a mature person. He is very —____________ for his age. Exercise 3. Word Parts: Writing Definitions Use the word parts that you learned to write definitions for these words. Use your own words. Do not use a dictionary. 1. singer 2. slowly 3. replay 4. insufficient 5. resell Context Clues When you are reading English, you will sometimes find a word that you do not know. If you do not know a word, what should you do? You might stop reading in order to look up ‘every new word in your dictionary, but that will take a lot of your time. One quick, excellent method of finding the meaning of a new word is by using the context. The context means the other words around your new word, For example, do you know the word knob? Read this sentence and then write the meaning. Please turn the knob on the left until you find an FM station that plays good music. Keo | ‘The important words in this example are turn, on the left, FM, and music. Now you should know that a knob is the part of the radio that you turn to find a station. In general, a knob is anything similar that you can turn, The part of the door that you put your hand on in order to open the door is the door knob. Here is another example. What does pupil mean? Read this sentence and then write your definition. Dipindai dengan CamScan— a ENE Lesson 1 twelve pupils here are om! . a dl Itis very easy to learn quickly in this school because in each class. pupil ee aml u sl ‘i jow yor The important words are school, only twelve, and class. N ple, what does is another word for student. For exam) Sometimes the context can change the meaning of a word: the word warch mean? Watch Now, read these two sentences and write the meaning of watch in each. They watch television every day, <<< Iwas late because I forgot to wear my watch. ——— th the: cs en witl Another example of context changing the meaning of a word can be se word letter. What does the word letter mean? letter Read these two sentences and write the meaning of letters in each. The English alphabet has twenty-six letters. — Toften write letters to my friends, ——_—_________ When you read English, you will certainly find new words, You should try to use word parts and the context when you can. Of course, sometimes it will be necessary to look up a word in your dictionary, but only if you cannot guess the meaning from the word parts or the context. Exercise 4. Context Clues: Opposites Each of the sentences in this exercise contains a blank. Read each sentence quickly and then write a word that completes the sentence. There may be no single correct answer, but possible answers appear on page 28. 1. George is not single. He is 2. Your answer is not correct. Itis SSE 3. This box is not small. It is very 4, John is very tall, but his brother is 5. My shirt is green, but your shirtis Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 1 6. Turkey is expensive, but chicken is 7. The weather in February is usually cold. However, the weather in August is almost always —_______. 8. The reading test was very easy. However, the vocabulary test was ———————— 9. The runner from Germany runs slowly. In contrast, the runner from France can run very —___. 10. I thought that the salad tasted bad. On the other hand, the meat was ———————— «= Exercise 5. Context Clues: Controlled Answers In this exercise, you will find three sentences. Each sentence contains a lite more information than the sentence before. There is an italicized word in each of the sentences. You will also find three definitions (meanings) for the italicized word. Read the sentence, think about the meanings, and then circle the letters of the definitions that might be correct. Look at this example. She can’t find her sneakers. (A) money @) plates © shoes All three answers might be correct. She can't find her white sneakers. A. money G) plates © shoes ‘The situation is different now because we have a little more information. Money is not usually white, but it is possible to have white plates and white shoes. ‘She can’t play tennis now because she can’t find her white sneakers. ‘A. money B. plates © shoes Now we have a good idea of the meaning of sneakers. We already knew that money was not wow ct. Now we also know that plates is not correct because plates are not necessary to play tennis. However, we do need shoes, and tennis shoes are often white, Now you should begin exercise 5. Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 1 1. She is usually prompt. A. tired B. late C. ontime She is usually prompt for all her classes- A. tired B. late C. on time jin the middle of her first rive’ She is usually prompt forall her clases, but touay she AP class. A. tired B. late C. on time 2. Do you like the fern? A. akind of meat B. a kind of plant C. akind of ball Do you like the green fern? A. akind of meat B. a kind of plant C. akind of ball Do you like the green fern that is growing outside? A. akind of meat B. a kind of plant C. a kind of ball 3. He was injured yesterday. A. tired B. hurt C. thirsty He was injured yesterday, and he might not come to class today, A. tired B. hurt C. thirsty le was injured in a car accident yesterday i . tired ‘ Yesterday, and he might not come to class today, B. hurt C. thirsty Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 1 4, Will you apologize? A. say “I'm sorry” B. say “Hello” C. say “Thank you" Will you apologize to her? A. say “I'm sorry” B. say “Hello” C. say “Thank you" Will you apologize to her for what you did? ‘A. say “I'm sorry” B. say “Hello” C. say “Thank you” 5, The new couch is comfortable. A. acar B. a sofa C. a shirt ‘The new couch is soft and comfortable. A. acar B. a sofa C. ashirt ‘The new couch is soft and comfortable to sit on. A. acar B. asofa C. a shirt Exercise 6, Context Clues: Multiple Choice Tecach of these sentences, you will find an italicized word or group of words. Read the three choices and then decide which choice means about the same as the italicized word or words. Circle the letter of the answer. 1. This old watch doesn’t run very well. A. walk B. work C. watch 2. 1 forgot to put the bread back in the bag, and now it is stale. A. white B. hard C. delicious Dipindai dengan CamScanLesson 4 important parties. * She usually wears a lot of expensive jewelry when she 8026 '° A. rings, watches, earrings B. cars, houses, trips C. steaks, fish, vegetables - The teacher told us to write an essay for homework. A. composition B. dictionary ©. book ; + T can’t understand John's English because he speaks too quickly. A. correctly B. fast C. well it © The vocabulary text is very difficult. Many students will need a few weeks to read it completely. A. word B. test C. book 7. When did you get here? A. receive B. become C. arrive 8. After he took the medicine, he wasn’t il! any more. A. sick B. careful C. handsome 9. Ann is very smart. She always knows the answers to all the teacher's questions. A. rich B. intelligent C. dictionary 10. After Mrs. Brown put the letter in the envelope, A. closed B. sent C. put she sealed it and put a stamp on it. Dictionary Usage dictionary is very important for a person who is learning te, 1 hla their study of a second language, they usually Use a bling nag, eae dictionary. For example, a student from France uses a French-English dictiox anes student fom Panama uses a Spanish-English dictionary, The ae oe oh al dictionsry is mecesary when stidens fst begin 1 study anther langusge eu | dictionary Weeks, all students should {TY 10 use a monolingual (or onelanguage) dictionary: Ifyou Dipindai dengan CamScan