NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET) Volume 9, Issue Summer 2021 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print) Design of a Micro-strip Patch antenna for 2.4 GHz resonance frequency Anshu Kumar ', V.K. Pandey! Department of Electonies& Communication Fnginceving, Noida Insite of Enginecring and Teshaology, ‘Greater, Noida 201306, Iai, Abstract: The design and simulation done on the rectangular micro-strip patch antenna for the ISM band of frequencies is studied in this paper. Mero-strplne feeds used in this paper. The resonance frequency i found between 24-2.5 GH. This Band of frequencies is ISM band of wireless applications. The design and simulation are done In Computer Simulation Technology (CST) sofware with FRA subsrate. By using the length and widih expressions, the sie ofthe lantenna is calculated. Then the antenna is simulated for the radiation parameters obiained through optimizing and ‘matching to mect the requirements. The parameters of antenna such as Reflection coefficient, Gain, VSWR and Band Wldoh are measured. Keywords ~ CST, FR4, ISM Band, Micro-srip patch antenna, Simulation INTRODUCTION [An antenna is a device used to transform an RF signal, traveling on a conductor, into an electromagnetic guided ‘wave in free space. Printed eireuit techniques can be utilized to design the eatennas on low frequeney substrates to produce low cost and reconfigurable antennas in a low profile, The antennas are generally used in wireless application duc to their higher performance, less cost, small weight, educed size, appropriate shape, and easy to construct, A microstrip antenna consists of a sandwich of two parallel conducting layers separated by a single dielectric substrate. The lower conductor is ealled ground plane and upper conductor is known as patch. Antennas are frequency dependent devices. Each antenna is designed for a certain frequency band, and it rejects signals beyond the operating band,[1] The Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (SM) frequency bands are designated radio frequency bands as defined by the ITU (International Telecommunication Union). In a typical wireless ‘communication system increasing the gain of antennas used for transmission inereases the wireless coverage range, decteases errors, increases achievable bitrates, and decreases the battery consumption of wireless ‘communication devices. Microstrip patch antenna used to send onboard parameters of article to the ground while under operating conditions. [2] 2, LITERATURE SURVEY By surveying itis planned to design and implement Rectangular microstrip Patch Antenna resonating at ISM Band of 2.46 Gliz frequency. Design features were taken from Prakash Bhartia (Prakash Bharti, 2018]. $ Sreenath Kashyap contribution on ISM band are noted [3] Based on the above inputs the proposed antenna is designed using CST software and tested its antenna parameters using network analyzer. Microstrip patches are popular by their less weight, small space, and work with components with minimum cost. These antennas ean be interconnected by networks and active devices with printed microstrip line fed,[4] A patch antenna comprises of radiation part as colored on dieleeties substrate top side and bottom side as ground shown in Figure 1. Both sides are made by copper material. The radiating patch and the microstrip feed lines are designed on the dielectric substrates. The radiating patch structure is usually square, rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical andor some ‘common design. A rectangular geometry is planned here [5] 3,DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Micro-strip patch antennas ean be powered by variety of techniques by two main types of contacting type and rnos- contacting type, The RF current is given to the radiating patch by connecting a micro-strip line and probe in contacting ype. Coupling of electromagnetic fields is done by the non- contacting type. The common feeding 6 | Page Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India,NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET) Volume 9, Issue Summer 2021 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print) techniques utilized are the coaxial probe, micro-strip line through eperture coupling and by proximity coupling ‘Antena is simulated using CST software 4,FIGURES AND TABLES Fig I: Structure of a Miero-srip Patch Antena with micro-strip line ‘The layout overview of patch antenna is following below. Designing the antenna with appropriate dimensions, ‘Simulate the antenna, Analyze the design in layout view, Evaluate the performance measure of frequency, returs loss, power, gain, Fabrication, Measuring. To have the desired resonance at more than one frequency generally ‘we can go for multi band techniques ‘TABLE | -DIMENSIONS OFANTENNA Plane Dimension Measurement vvalues(mm) Radiating patch [W 3650 Length Ic Bs Ground plane | We 10 Tength Te a5 Fe, PRS substrate is selected ‘Simulation is done by the CST software by following the procedures im that sth ‘The Simulation Frequency range is set as 2.1 Gllz — 2.7 Gz and added a new Single Point of 2.46 Gllz as ‘below. Simulate option is selected and observed the simulation results in the data display. Simulated result are shown in figure 2. Strano 8) i egrarai are Saber Sec en ETI eee te Fig 2, Simulation results 8;;Vs Frequency (GHz) 7 | Page Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India,NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET) Volume 9, Issue Summer 2021 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print) ‘ig Sr tea 8) 5. CONCLUSION Rectangular micro-strip patch antenna fed by micro-strip Line is developed. The results are simulated using CST software. The designed micro-strip rectangular patch antenna effi ly propagates at 2.46 GHz frequency end ssives the retum loss of 18 dB directivity as 5.64 dB, VSWR is I.45. Antenna Radiation Fficiency comes out to bbe 97.05% at 2.46 Giz. The antenna results are found o be satisfactory, and it may be suitable at ISM frequency band applications like Bluetooth, WLAN ele, This research can be further developed on high frequency substrates to increase the gain value. REFERENCES [1] Arouyua Chen, Xivang Dai, Cuong Lo, Key Labortry of RF Crcus & system of mii of edition, Soutien University ‘Nanjing 310048 Cain () (2) sono, D Krauss Abmod'S Kha, Roos! Machel, antennas and wave propagation (Mo Gramil 196) (8) 1B] Paksh Bt JBah, Phar , Meese Antenne Design Hendbook and RE Second Eitan (Antec House 2018, 2001 and 1999), [4] Ankur Kaushal, Micros pte enema, its pes, mers demerits nd is applicaons, Iteration! Joual of Eeinering Scincesand Resse Techooogy, Vo Ise 7. 632, Jay 2018 [5] Kor 6, Kaur, A, Toor GK tal, "Antennas fr bomen appisniont, Biomedical Engineering Ltrs, ol 5, No. 3p [6] Gan, Rice Pras ‘Appian of High Vong Pls lees Fil in Fond Industries Voom No sve No.1 2012, 08. 82229-5828 fa NASingh,& SK Tripathi, Power System Stability Enianeemen: with STATCOM Power Oxciaon Damping ne Not sue No 2012 PPDI2-DURISSN 2229 838 [8] Rao, -Nasinkane 5 Dynamic Rerfemance of Smal Rain Phtovakic Module Volume No sce No 202,PP.019-022158 [9] Sa, Anurag; Chip Design Sign Ot Far Sroking Testnology: Volume No ssue No.2012,P.023.027,SSN 22295828 [10] Taran Naka Subiransu Pde, Ruts Lambs ‘Mul Sensor Data Fasoa Based Expt System ia Condon Monitors std aut Deoeiod: An laduction Moot Case Study Volume No. Josue 1 2012,PP.O28-0851S8N 2229-5828 [11] Nitanks Sigh NK Shama & Priva, Marmonice + Sources , Beas and Con! Teeknigue-Volume No.lJseue [Nos2012.PROS63TASSN 2025-5808 8 | Page Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India,