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    17 views15 pages

    Question Set 1

    Uploaded by

    Tanvi

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 15
    Guided Practice Directions: The following passages are followed by 13 questions. After reading each passage or pair of passages, select the best answer to each question based on the information implied or stated in the passage and provided in any graphics (such as charts, tables, or graphs). Take as much time as you need. Passage AA (Answers & explanations on page 334). The following passag an excerpt from activist Upton Sinclair's The Jungle, published in 1906. Jurgis is a recent immigrant struggling to make a life in the United States. When Jurgis got up again he went quietly enough. He was exhausted and half dazed, and besides he saw the blue uniforms of the policemen. He drove in a patrol wagon with half a dozen of them watching him; keeping as far away possible, however, on account of the fertilizer ‘Then he stood before the sergeant’s desk and gave his name and address, and saw a charge of assault and battery entered against him. On his way to his 10 cell a burly policeman cursed him because he started down the wrong corridor, and then added a kick when he was not quick enough; nevertheless, Iurgis did not even lift his eyes — he had lived two years and a half in Packingtown, and he knew 1s what the police were. It was as much as a man’s very life was worth to anger them, here in their inmost lair; like as not a dozen would pile on to hhim at once, and pound his face into a pulp. It ‘would be nothing unusual if he got his skull 20 cracked in the melee — in which case they would report that he had been drunk and had fallen down, and there would be no one to know the difference or to care. So a barred door clanged upon Jurgis and he 25 sat down upon a bench and buried his face in his hands. He was alone; he had the afternoon and all of the night to himself. AL first he was like a wild beast that has glutted itself; he was in a dull stupor of 30. satisfaction, He had done up the scoundrel pretty well — not as well as he would have if they had given him a minute more, but pretty well, all the same; the ends of his fingers were still tingling from their contact with the fellow’s throat. But 3s then, little by litle, as his strength came back and his senses cleared, he began to see beyond his 40 45 50 ss 60 6s 70 momentary gratification; that he had nearly killed the boss would not help Ona — not the horrors that she had borne, nor the memory that would haunt her all her days. It would not help to feed her and her child; she would certainly lose her place, while he — what was to happen to him God only knew. Half the night he paced the floor, wrestling with this nightmare; and when he was exhausted he lay down, trying to sleep, but finding instead, for the first time in his life, that his brain was too much for him, In the cell next to him was a drunken wife-beater and in the one beyond a yelling maniac, At midnight they opened the Stationhouse to the homeless wanderers who were crowded about the door, shivering in the winter blast, and they thronged into the corridor outside of the cells. Some of them stretched themselves out on the bare stone floor and fell to snoring; others sat up, laughing and talking, cursing and quarrelling. The air was fetid with their breath, yet in spite of this some of them smelt Jurgis and called down the torments of hell upon him, while he lay in a far corner of his cell, counting the throbbings of the blood in his forehead. They had brought him his supper, which was “duffers and dope” — being hunks of dry bread on atin plate, and coffee, called “dope” because it ‘was drugged to keep the prisoners quiet. Jurgis had not known this, or he would have swallowed the stui in desperation; as it was, every nerve of him Was a-quiver with shame and rage. Toward moming the place fell silent, and he got up and began to pace his cell; and then within the soul of hhim there rose up a fiend, red-eyed and cruel, and tore out the strings of his heart. {Summarizing} Which of the following choices best summarizes the passage? |) Aman spends the night in jail, B) Aman angers policemen and is injured in the process. ©) Aman regrets his actions. DY Aman copes with the consequences of his actions. [Text Structure] From the first paragraph to the third paragraph, the focus of the passage shifts from A) a description of inner thoughts to the telling of events. BY the telling of events to description of inner thoughts. ©) the sharing of an opinion to a declaration of fact. D) _ the argument of a point to questions raised in response. [Close Reading] The passage indicates that Jurgis is in a(n) ay jail. B) asylum. ©) slaughterhouse. D) fertilizer manufacturing plant. [Arguments] The author most likely includes the narrator's account of potential injury in police custody in lines 9-22 (“On his...care”) in order to BD incite outrage in the reader and generate sympathy for Jurgis. B) explain draconian punishments and generate apathy for Jurgis. ©) describe and generate empathy for the police’s point of view. D) _ provide an example of the consequences to Jurgis’ actions. [Main Ideas} The second paragraph is primarily concerned with A) describing a character's motivations. demonstrating a character's emotions. 8 describing the setting of the rest of the passage. D) comparing one setting with another. 10 [Word Choice] Which choice most closely captures the meaning of the simile in lines 28-29 (“At first... itself”)? A) Jurgis was regretful of his actions. B) —_Jurgis behaved poorly when confined with other people. ©) Jurgis was confused by his own sense of tgatification. D) —Jurgis was filled with a deep sense of ratification. [Close Reading} ‘The narrator implies that Ona is ‘A) directly responsible for his punishment. B) ungrateful for Jurgis’ help. C) independent and does not need Jurgis. D) someone Jurgis cares deeply about. [Relationships] ‘The narrator indicates that Jurgis is being punished because A) hestole fertilizer. B) _ he was homeless. C), he disrespected a policeman. he tried to help Ona. [Point of View] According to the passage, how might Jurgis view his punishment? CA Targs might suggest that he does not belong with real criminals, drunks, and homeless people. Jurgis might assent as to the reasonableness of his punishment, given his crime. Jurgis might have no opinion of the matter, having been drugged after drinking his coffee. Jurgis might be ambivalent toward his punishment, having accomplished his goal. B) ° D) [Close Reading} Based on the information in the passage, it can be reasonably inferred that the smell of fertilizer referred to in line 6 emanates from A) the police, B) — Jurgis himself, ©) the other men in the patrol wagon. D) the patrol wagon itself, 11 [Textual Evidence] 13° [Purpose] Which choice best supports the answer in the The author includes the final sentence in lies previous question? 68-72 (“Toward morning... heart”) in order to A) Lines 242680. hande) emphasize Jurgis’ Lines 50-55 (“At midnight...snoring”) A)_ remorse and spite. tee Lines 57-61 (“The air... forehead”) BY” anxiety and regret. D) Lines 65-67 (“Jurgis had...desperation”) C) restlessness and myopia. D) _ selfishness and contrition. 12 [Words/Phrases in Context) ‘The word “fetid,” as used in line 57, most nearly means Ay foul. B) heavy. C) filled. D) fragrant. 20 5 30 35 0 4s Passage BB (Answers & explanations on page 335). Passage | Eighteenth-century European scientists largely subscribed to a worldview heavily influenced by the Christian Bible. According to this worldview, the earth and the life that calls it home is static and relatively young — merely thousands of years old. ‘As plant and animal life becomes extinct, new species take their places through divine intervention. At the time, the scientific community had so tied together religion and science that it was difficult to distinguish between the two. There were, however, a number of scientists who began to question the biblical worldview of juestions fueled in part by fossil that contradicted commonly accepted knowledge about the earth. One of the first scientists to propose a non-biblical view of the carth’s history was a French naturalist named Georges-Louis Leclerc. Leclerc believed that, under certain circumstances, life begins spontaneously. However, part of Leclere’s theory had to do with how animals changed, which he believed must have been related to the changing, climate. As animals migrated to find their ideal climates, he surmised, they changed as a result of their environments. Leclere’s theory was, at the time, supported by the fossils of elephants uncovered in Siberia and North America; at the time, living elephants were only found in Africa and Asia, Clearly, animal migration was real; the fact that the Siberian and North American fossils were similar but not identical to the skeletons of African and Asian elephants suggested that the animals changed over time. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck drew heavily from Leclerc’s work and agreed that life was spontaneously created. However, Lamarck took this a step further. He studied plants and a wide range of animals. He found the organisms he studied had many profound similarities, and theorized that life was not static. Lamarck observed that when environments changed, animals changed their behavior in respon: ‘order to survive and reproduce. Lamarck cited the giraffe as an example. By stretching its neck, he believed, early giraffes could better reach the leaves on top of trees. Lamarck thought a “nervous fluid” would flow into the giraffe’s neck, thereby 50 ss 60 6 7 1s as 90 9s causing it to grow longer. When the giraffe bore offspring, it would pass this trait on to the next generation, After generations of this process, the giraffe came to possess a long neck. Perhaps one of the most well-known thinkers who worked to separate science from religion was Charles Darwin. A student of Lamarck’s theories, Darwin worked closely with respected British scientists Adam Sedgwick and John Henslow, both of whom also questioned the established biblical view of the origins of life. Together, they produced a theory of life that would turn the world upside down and sparked a hitherto unseen scientific controversy. Passage 2 Shortly after Christmas 1831, 22-year-old Charles Darwin boarded the HMS Beagle to work ‘as a naturalist. The ship’s captain, Robert Fitzroy, ‘was interested in science — especially geology — ‘and brought a large library with him on the trip. Darwin, having access to these books, read extensively during the journey. Darwin was particularly interested in books that discussed how life on earth changed with changing geology. Darwin studied the birds of the Galapagos Islands and discovered that the various species of birds there had slight differences from each other. The key differences between the finches he cataloged were in the size and shape of their beaks. These differences generally corresponded to the ind of food the birds ate, which was influenced by the microenvironment on each island. The environments across the Galapagos islands were as. varied as the bird species — some parts were dry, while others were more humid; some birds were smaller and others were larger. Darwin saw that ‘each bird species was uniquely suited to its environment. Over many generations, he concluded, the birds changed in ways that allowed them to better survive their specific environments, Darwin sketched out his theory in the form of a tree showing how an ancestral species branched ‘out and evolved into multiple descendent species that later adapted to different ecological niches. Darwin came to believe that within a population of species, there were individuals with slight

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