Module V: Three Phase Circuits

By
Vijaya Laxmi
Dept. of EEE
BIT, Mesra, Ranchi

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 1

 Objectives
After studying this chapter, the students will be able to-
• Have an understanding of generation of three-phase
voltages.
• Be familiar with star and delta connection of three phases.
• Calculate voltages and currents in star and delta
connection.
• Understand relationship between line and phase quantities
in star and delta connections.
• Construct phasor diagrams for star and delta connections.
• Calculate the power in three-phase systems.
• Be familiar with different methods for measurement of
power in three-phase systems.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 2

 Single phase systems
• When a coil is rotated in a uniform field, a sinusoidal voltage is
generated in it. This is the basis of simple single-phase
alternator.
• Whereas, when three identical coils are placed with their axes
120 apart from each other and rotated in a uniform magnetic
field, a sinusoidal voltage is generated across each coil. This is
the basis of simple three-phase alternator.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 3

 Polyphase systems
• Systems with more than one phase are called polyphase
systems.
• A polyphase system contains two or more AC voltage
sources of the same frequency.
• These source voltages have a fixed phase difference
between them.
• Three phase system is the most common, which is used
for generation, transmission, distribution and utilization
of electric energy.
• Greater number of phases are also used for special
purpose such as six and twelve phases for polyphase
rectifiers.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 4

 Symmetrical and balanced
• A system is said to be symmetrical, when the various
voltages are equal in magnitude and are displaced
from one another by equal angles.
• The system is balanced, when the various voltages
are equal in magnitude, the various currents are
equal in magnitude and the phase angles are the
same for each phase.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 5

Advantages of three phase systems
• The three-phase system can be used as three single phase line so it
can act as three single phase system.
• The three phase generation and single phase generation is same in
the generator except the arrangement of coil in the generator to
get 120° phase difference.
• The conductor needed in three phase circuit is 75% that of
conductor needed in single phase circuit. The conductor material
required to transmit a given power at a given voltage over a given
distance by a 3-phase system is less than that of an equivalent
single-phase system.
• And, also the instantaneous power in single phase system falls
down to zero as in single phase seen from the sinusoidal curve but
in three-phase system the net power from all the phases gives a
continuous power to the load.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 6

 Generation of 3-phase supply
• Figure shows a three-phase, two-pole alternator. It has three sets of coils
aa’, bb’ and cc’ symmetrically mounted on a rotor such that their axes are
at 120 from each other.
• When rotor is rotated in anticlockwise direction at constant angular
velocity w, a sinusoidal voltage is generated across each coil.
• The generated voltages in the coils are :
N
Vaa '  Vm Sin  t
b’
Vbb '  Vm Sin  t  120   c

Vcc '  Vm Sin  t  240   or Vm Sin  t  120   a’ a

In polar form
b
Vaa '  V0 c’
Vbb '  V  120
Vcc '  V  240 or V120 S

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 7

Position of coil for zero voltage
 ω

The order in which the phase voltages reaches their maximum

values is called phase sequence.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 8

 Methods of connection
• Three-phase Six-wire system:
This is equivalent to three separate single-phase
systems. The voltage generated in each coil is
considered as a source of voltage.
The number of connecting wires may be reduced by
the interconnection of the phases to form a single
three-phase AC source.
• There are two methods for interconnecting three
phases:
• Star connection
• Delta connection

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 9

 Phase
• A phase is one of the three branches making
up a 3-phase circuit.
In star, a phase consists of those elements
connected between one line and neutral.
In delta, a phase consists of those circuit
elements connected between two lines.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 10

 Star connection
• The voltage across each coil is called the phase voltage. This is
also the voltage between each line and neutral. It is also
called line-to-neutral voltage.
• If Van, Vbn and Vcn are the three phase voltages. In symmetrical
system these voltages are equal in magnitude.
• The voltage is represented as Vp.
Van  Vbn  Vcn  V p

Van  V p 0  V p 1  j 0 
 1 3
Vbn  V p   120  V p    j 
 2 2 
 1 3
Vcn  V p   240  V p 120  V p    j 
 2 2 
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 11
• The voltage between two lines is called line-to-line
voltage or line voltage. It is represented by Vab, Vbc
and Vca .
• In a balanced (symmetrical) system these voltages
are equal in magnitude and each is designated as VL.

Vab  Vbc  Vca  VL

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 12

 B

By KVL, Vab  Van  Vnb  Van  Vbn

 Van   Vbn   OB30
Draw perpendicular AM on OB. In triangle OAB, OA  AB  V p , OB  Vab  VL
and AOB  30
3
VL  OB  2OM  2OA Cos 30  2V p
2
VL  3V p
or , Vab  3V p 30
Thus, the magnitude of line voltage is equal to √3 times
the magnitude of phase
Vijaya Laxmi,voltage
Dept. of EEE, BIT,in star connection. 13
Mesra
 • Using KVL, Vbc  Vbn  Vnc  Vbn  Vcn  Vbn   Vcn 
 3V p   90
• And,
Vca  Vcn  Vna  Vcn  Van  Vcn   Van 
 3V p   210  3V p 150
Thus, the line voltages are of equal magnitude and have phase
angles of 120 between them.
Vab  Vbc  Vca  VL  3V p
The instantaneous values of line voltages may be written as
V ab  3V p Sin  t  30  
V bc  3V p Sin  t  90  
V ca  3V p Sin  t  210  
And, phasor sum of line voltages is zero, i.e.,
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra
Vab  Vbc  Vca  014
 Star Connected load

Three phase alternator Balanced three phase load

A star connected, three phase alternator is connected to three identical
impedances of magnitude |Z| and phase angle φ (balanced load, where
loads are identical) in each phase connected is star.
The neutral point n of the alternator is connected to neutral point n’ of the
load by wire nn’, called neutral wire.
The system is called a three-phase, four-wire system.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 15
 Balanced and Unbalanced load
• The load is said to be balanced, when the
impedances in all the three phases are
identical.
• If the three impedances are unequal, the load
is said to be unbalanced.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 16

• We have, I na  I aA  I An '
I nb  I bB  I Bn '
I nc  I cC  I Cn '
The currents flowing through the voltage sources flow through the
line conductors and through the load currents.
Hence, the line current is same as the phase current both in
magnitude and phase.
i.e., I L  I p

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 17

 Neutral current
• Since, each impedance is connected between a line and a
neutral. This is equivalent to three single-phase circuits.
• The line currents are given by Van Vbn Vcn
I aA  , I bB  , I cC 
Zp Zp Zp
• Let the inductive load be Z p  Z 
• We have Van  V p 0
Vbn  V p   120
Vcn  V p 120
V p 0 Vp
• Therefore, I aA    
Z p  Zp
V p   120 Vp
I bB     120  
Z p  Zp
V p 120 Vp
I cC   120  
ZVijaya
p   Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra
Z p
18
• The magnitude of each line current is Vp/Zp and the line
currents are displaced by 120 phase from each other.

I aA  I bB  I cC  OL  MO  LM  OL  LM  MO  0
KCL at neutral point n’: I n  I aA  I bB  I cC  0
In the balanced three phase star connected load the current in the
neutral conductor is zero, i.e., no current flows in the neutral wire.
Therefore, neutral wire is unnecessary in a balanced system, hence
can be omitted without affecting the system. This gives a three
phase, three-wire system.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 19
 Delta or mesh connection
• The supply lines in delta connection are taken from the three
junctions. It is a three phase, three-wire system. The phases
are connected between line terminals.
• The phase voltages act in the same direction around the delta
connected coils.
• Hence,

Vaa '  Vbb '  Vcc '  0

i.e., there in no resultant voltage acting around the mesh.

Hence, there will be no circulating current in the mesh in absence of external
load. Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 20
Phase and line voltages in Delta connection

• The voltage between any two lines is the line voltage

VL.
• Since the phase coils are connected between lines,
the phase voltage is equal to the line voltage.
• Hence, in a balanced delta-connected system
magnitude of line voltage is equal to the magnitude
of phase voltage, i.e.,
Vab  Vbc  Vca  VL  V p

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 21

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 22
 Phase and line currents in Delta
• If Vab is the reference, phase currents are expressed as
follows:
Vab VL 0 VL
I AB     
Z p Z p  Z p
Vbc VL   120 VL
I BC      120  
Zp Z p  Zp
Vca VL 120 VL
I CA    120  
Zp Z p  Zp
IaA
The three phase currents have
equal magnitudes VL/Zp and are F
separated by 120 phase angles.
Applying KCL at A: I aA  I CA  I AB , I aA  I AB  I CA  I AB   I CA 
 Phasor OF  OF    30
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 23
• Draw perpendicular KM on OF in triangle OKF,
OK  KF  phase current I p
OF  I aA  current in line A  I L
Now,
3 I L  3I p
OF  2  OM  2  OKCos 30  2 I p .
2
Thus, in balanced delta-connected system the magnitude of line
current is equal to √3 times the magnitude of phase current.
• Applying KCL at B: I bB  I AB  I BC , I bB  I BC  I AB  I BC   I AB 
 3I p   150  
• KCL at C: I cC  I BC  I CA , I cC  I CA  I BC  I CA   I BC 
 3I p 90  
Line currents are equal in magnitude and have phase angles of 120
between them.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 24
 Power in three phase
• Voltamperes ,S: Voltamperes in a single-phase circuit is given
by S1  VI VA
• Voltamperes in three-phase load (balanced or unbalanced) is
given by the sum of voltamperes in each phase.
• For balanced load, total voltamperes is three times the
voltamperes per phase, i.e.,
S 3  3S1  3V p I p VA

VL
• For star-connected system, S 3  3V p I p  3. .I L  3VL I L VA
3

• For delta-connected system, S3  3V p I p  3.VL . I L  3VL I L VA

3
S3  3VL I L VA
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 25
• Active Power, P: Power in a single-phase circuit is given by
P1  VICos W 
• Power in three-phase load (balanced or unbalanced) is given
by the sum of power in each phase.
• For balanced load, total power is three times the power per
phase, i.e., P3  3P1  3V p I p Cos W 

where φ is the phase angle between Vp and Ip, also called

phase angle of the load.
• If R, X and Z are the resistance, reactance and impedance of
the load R
Cos 
Z
P3  3VL I L Cos W 

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 26

• Reactive Power, Q: Reactive power in a single-phase circuit is
given by
Q1  VISin VAr 
• Reactive power in three-phase load (balanced or unbalanced)
is given by the sum of reactive power in each phase.
• For balanced load, total reactive power is three times the
reactive power per phase, i.e.,
Q3  3Q1  3V p I p Sin VAr 

where φ is the phase angle between Vp and Ip, also called

phase angle of the load.

Q3  3VL I L Sin VAr 

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 27

 Interconnection of star and delta
connected systems
The windings of three-phase alternator are always
connected in star because:
• For a given phase voltage the star-connected
alternator gives a greater line voltage (Vp=VL/√3),
hence star connection is economical.
• A star point is available in star-connected alternator
and connected to ground, hence important from
protection point of view.
• Load on a three-phase system may either be
connected in star or delta.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 28

• For distribution purposes, usually three-phase, four-
wire system is used, because two voltages are
available. One between line and neutral and other
between two lines.
• In practice, single phase supply is obtained from three-
phase, four-wire systems.
• Loads are connected between any one line and neutral.
• Domestic consumers are supplied with single-phase
voltage from three-phase, four-wire systems.
• Industrial motors are connected to three-phase system
directly.
• Load is normally distributed equally among the phases
in order to keep the system as balanced as possible.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 29

 Problem
• Calculate the line current of a three phase alternator
delivering 5MW at 33kV and working at 0.8 power factor.
• Solution: P  5MW  5 106 W
VL  33kV  33 103V
Since alternator is star-connected
VL 33  103
Vp    19.052  103V
3 3
P  3V p I p Cos
P 5  10 6
Ip   3
 109.4 A
3V p Cos 3  19.052  10  0.8

Line current , I L Mesra

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT,
 I p  109.4 A 30
 Problem
• A three-phase load consists of three similar inductive
coils, each of resistance 50Ω and inductance 0.3 H.
the supply is 415V, 50Hz. Calculate when load is (i)
Star connected (ii) Delta connected
a) Line current
b) Power factor
c) Total power

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 31

 Problem
The three arms of a three-phase load each comprise
a coil of resistance 25Ω and of inductance 0.15H in
series with a 120μF capacitor. The supply is 415V,
50Hz. Calculate the line current and total power in
Watts, when the three arms are connected in
a) Star
b) delta

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 32

 Analysis of Unbalanced load
• Problem: In a three-phase 4-wire system the line voltage is
400V and non-inductive loads of 10kW, 8kW and 5kW are
connected between the three line conductors and the neutral
as in the figure. Calculate
• The current in each line
• Current in neutral conductor

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 33

 Solution
400
(a) V p   230V
3
If IR, IY and IB are the currents taken by 10kW, 8kW and 5kW loads respectively,

10 1000
IR   43.5 A
230
8 1000
IY   34.8 A
230
5  1000
IR   21.7 A
230

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 34

• The current in the neutral is the phasor sum of the three line
currents. Most convenient is to find the horizontal and vertical
components of neutral current.
IV  I B Cos30  I Y Cos30
 0.86621.7  34.5  11.08 A
I H  I R  I Y Sin30  I B Sin30
 43.5  0.534.5  21.7   15.4 A
• Current in neutral wire is
I N  I H2  IV2
2
  11.08  15.4 2  19.4 A

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 35

 Problem:Unbalanced load
• A delta-connected load is arranged as in figure below. The
supply voltage is 400V at 50Hz. Calculate
• The phase currents
• Line currents

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 36

 Solution
• (a) phase sequence: RYB
Phase currents :
400
I1   4 A, 1  0
100
400 400 1 60
I2    6.32 A, 2  tan  71.34(lag )
2
20  60 2 63.3 20
I 3  2fCV  3.77 A, 3  90(lead )

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 37

• (b) I R2  4 2  3.77 2  2  4  3.77  Cos30  56.3
I R  7.5 A
I Y2  4 2  6.32 2  2  4  6.32  Cos11.34  105.5
I Y  10.3 A
I B2  6.32 2  3.77 2  2  6.32  3.77  Cos138.26  18.5
I B  4.3 A

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 38

 Measurement of three-phase power
• The power in three-phase circuit is equal to the sum
of powers in three phases.
• For balanced system,
Total power  3  Power in one phase
• The power in any one phase is measured by
wattmeter.
• Total power is obtained by multiplying wattmeter
reading by three.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 39

 Methods for measurement of power
• One-wattmeter method
• Two-wattmeter method
• Three-wattmeter method

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 40

 One-wattmeter method
• Used for three-phase balanced circuit, where star point is
available.
• The current coil is connected in one phase and voltage
(pressure) coil is connected between the same phase and star
point.
• Reading of wattmeter gives the power per phase.
• Total power is given by three times the wattmeter reading.
• If neutral point is unavailable, an artificial neutral point is
created by connecting two resistors between other two
phases and artificial point.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 41

 Two-wattmeter method
• It is used for 3-phase, 3-wire system, whether
balanced or unbalanced, star or delta connected
load. Hence, most popular method for measurement
of power for three-phase systems.
• Connections are same for star-connected and delta-
connected loads.
• The current coil of wattmeters are connected to any
two of the lines, while their voltage coils are
connected between the corresponding lines and the
third line.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 42

 Three-wattmeter method
• Two-wattmeter method cannot be used for 3-phase, 4-wire
system, as there is current in neutral conductor also.
• In this case, three wattmeters are used to measure total
power.
• Each wattmeter is connected with its current coil in series
with the line and the voltage coil connected between phase
wire and neutral.
• The total power consumed by the load is given by

P  P1  P2  P3
where, P1, P2 and P3 are the readings of wattmeters 1, 2 and 3.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 43
 Two Wattmeter Method
• Total instantaneous power supplied to the load is

p  va ia  vb ib  vc ic ...(i )
• In 3-wire system,i  i  i  0 ....(ii )
a b c

Since ic is not flowing in either of the wattmeter, eliminate ic

from equation (ii) and from equation (i)

ic  ia  ib 

p  va ia  vb ib  vc ia  ib 
 va  vc ia  vb  vc ib ...(iii )

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 44

• First term is the instantaneous power recorded by W1, as (va-
vc) is the instantaneous voltage across the voltage coil of W1
and ia is the current through current coil of wattmeter.

Similarly, second term is the instantaneous power recorded by

W2, as (vb-vc) is the instantaneous voltage across the voltage
coil of W2 and ib is the current through current coil of
wattmeter W2.

Hence,
p  p1  p2 ...(iv )

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 45

• Hence, we have
Average value of p  Average value of p1  Average value of p2
P  reading of W1  reading of W 2

P  P1  P2 ...(v)

Thus, the sum of two wattmeter readings gives total 3-phase

power in a 3-wire system (star or delta connected) under all
conditions of load whether balanced or unbalanced, star or delta
connected.

Also, no assumption is made with regard to phase sequence or

waveform.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 46
 Two wattmeter method: Lagging PF
• In case of lagging pf, the phase currents Ia,Ib and Ic will be
lagging behind their respective voltages by an angle φ.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 47

 • The power indicated by the wattmeter in an AC circuit is
equal to the product (voltage across the voltage coil)X(Current
through the current coil)X(Cosine of the angle between
voltage and current in the coils).
• From phasor diagram, I a  I b  I c  I L
Vab  Vbc  Vca  VL
Reading of Wattmeter W1
P1  Vac I a Co sin e of angle between Vac and I a 
 V L I L Cos 30    
Reading of Wattmeter W2
P2  Vbc I b Co sin e of angle between Vbc and I b 
 VL I L Cos 30   

P1  P2  VL I L Cos 30     VL I LCos 30   

 3VL I L Cos ...(i )
This confirms that the sum of wattmeter readings gives the total power.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 48
• Also, P1  P2  VL I L Cos30     VL I L Cos 30   
 VL I L Sin ...(ii )

• Dividing equation (ii) by (i),

P1  P2 VL I L Sin

P1  P2 3VL I L Cos
1
 tan  ...(iii )
3
P1  P2
tan   3
P1  P2

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 49

 Two wattmeter method: Leading PF
• In case of leading pf, the phase currents Ia,Ib and Ic will be
leading their respective voltages by an angle φ.

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 50

 Reading of Wattmeter W1
P1  V ac I a Co sin e of angle between V ac and I a 
 V L I L Cos 30    

Reading of Wattmeter W2
P2  V bc I b Co sin e of angle between V bc and I b 
 V L I L Cos 30    
Thus, for leading power factor, the readings of wattmeters are interchanged
when compared to the wattmeter readings for lagging power factor.
P1  P2  VL I L Cos 30     VL I L Cos 30   
 3VL I L Cos ...(i )
P2  P1
tan   3
P1  P2  VL I L Cos 30     VL I L Cos 30    P2  P1
 VL I L Sin ...(ii )

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 51

 Variation of wattmeter readings with load PF
For lagging pf, wattmeter readings are given by
P1  VL I L Cos 30   
P2  VL I L Cos30   
These reading depends upon load power factor angle φ.
• Case 1: when φ=0 , Cosφ=1,P1=P2.
Two wattmeter readings are equal and positive values at unity
power factor of the load.
• Case 2: when 0 <φ< 60 , 0.5<Cosφ<1, P1and P2 are positive but P1>
P2 .
When φ=60 , Cosφ=0.5.
3 3
Total power  3VL I LCos 60  VL I L P1  VL I L Cos 30  60  VL I L
2 2
P2  VL I L Cos 30  60  0
i.e, one wattmeter reads zero and another will read total power.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 52
• Case 3: when φ< 60 , Cosφ>0.5
Both wattmeter indicate positive readings.
• Case 4: when φ> 60 , Cosφ<0.5
W1 gives positive reading and W2 gives negative reading.
In this case pointer tries to go on the negative side of the zero point
of the scale. To take this reading on wattmeter, it is necessary to
reverse the connections of either current coil or voltage coil. The
reading thus obtained must be given negative sign. Then the total
power in the circuit
P  P1   P2   P1  P2
wattmeter W2 gives downscale for the phase angle φ between 60
and 90
• Case 5: when φ= 90 , Cosφ=0 P1  VL I L Cos 30  90  0.5VL I L
P2  VL I L Cos 30  90  0.5VL I L
Thus, at zero power factor (lead or lag), the two wattmeters read
equal and opposite values.
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 53
Measurement of reactive voltamperes
• Two-wattmeters can be used to measure the reactive
voltamperes in all the three phases.
• Total reactive voltamperes
Q  3VL I L Sin
• We have
P1  P2  VL I L Sin

• Therefore,
Q  3 P1  P2 

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 54

 Problem
The input power to a 3-phase motor was measured by the 2-
wattmeter method. The readings were 5.2kW and 1.7kW, the
latter reading was obtained after reversal of current-coil
connections. The line voltage was 400V. Calculate
a) Total power
b) Power factor
c) Line current

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 55

 Solution
• Given P1  5.2kW , P2  1.7 kW
(a ) Total power , P  P1  P2
 5.2   1.7   3.5kW

P1  P2 5.2   1.7 
(b) tan   3  3
P1  P2 5.2   1.7 
6. 9
 3  3.41   73.67, Cos  0.281
3. 5

(c) P  3VL I L Cos

P 3.5  103
IL    17.98 A
3VL Cos 3  400  0.281
Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 56
 Assignment Problem
• Find the reading of two wattmeters when the power
is measured by using two-wattmeter method of a
delta network connected to 400V, 3-phase supply.
The phase sequence in RYB.
• Load between R-Y: XL=10Ω
Y-B: XC= 20Ω
B-R: R=10Ω

Ans: W1=14.93kW
W2=11.46kW

Vijaya Laxmi, Dept. of EEE, BIT, Mesra 57