Felix O. Alfelor Sr.

Foundation College
Sipocot, Camarines Sur

The Child and

Adolescent Learners
and Learning Principles
(Module 8)

By:
Carser, Pearlyn Paiste

Jerom Brutas
Instructor
Quiz #: 8
DIRECTIONS: ANSWERTHE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS.

1. MAKE YOUR OWN PHOTO ESSAY ABOUT THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS.
OBSERVE PRESCHOOLERS IN ACTION AND TAKE THEIR PICTURES. DESCRIBE THE GROSS AND
FINE MOTOR SKILLS THAT YOU SAW THEM DO.

 As preschoolers' bodies develop over time, the areas in their brains that control movement
continue to mature, thus enabling them to perform gross-motor skills such as running, jumping,
throwing, climbing, kicking, skipping, and fine-motor skills such as stringing beads, drawing, and
cutting with scissors. They we’re able to do little house hold to help their parents and design
their own cake frosting and eat all alone with their hands and without a spoon feeding by their
parents. In this age they were able to dance, and do active motor skills activities.
2. EXAMINE THE SKILLS FOUND IN THE PHYSICAL DOMAIN OF THE ELDS. IDENTIFY THE SKILLS IN A
PARTICULAR SUB AGE GROUP AND PUT AN APPROPRIATE ACTIVITY THAT CAN HELP DEVELOP
EACH SKILL. YOU MAY SURF THE NET FOR SUGGESTED ACITVITIES, INTERVIEW PRESCHOOL
TEACHERS OR SIMPLY BE CREATIVE YOURSELF!

Physical Domain Skill Proposed Activity

Taste Across the first four years of life, infants transition from a
diet of liquids to solid foods. Flavor preferences affect the
acceptance of novel foods.
Touch Baby's sense of touch begins in the womb and continues to
develop and evolve during her first year and beyond.
Smell For baby, their sense of smell begins to develop before
they're even born. Nostrils form in the first trimester, and
scent receptors form by the second trimester. In the womb,
baby breathes in their mother's amniotic fluid, which helps
them to become familiar with scent—specifically, their
mother's scent.
Hearing The baby's ears and hearing is fully developed at birth, but
the portions of the brain that respond to complex sounds
and connect what is heard to a meaning, will continue to
develop until the age of 12.
Sight Eye-hand coordination begins to develop as the infant starts
tracking moving objects with his or her eyes and reaching for
them. By eight weeks, babies begin to more easily focus
their eyes on the faces of a parent or other person near
them.
Proprioception Proprioception begins to develop in the womb. Once a baby
is born, their movement and sense touch help them form a
mental map of their body. This sense is activated through
things like massage, kicking their feet against their car seat,
and playing on their tummy.
Gross motor skill Gross motor skills can be developed in a variety of ways
during childhood, through free play as well as adult-guided
activities. Planning movement activities to do with your
children allows you to work on specific skills with them, such
as balance or catching and throwing.
Fine motor skill  Help your child build fine motor skills at home by providing
opportunities to set the table, hold knives, forks, and spoons
to eat, pour juice into a cup, wipe the table with a sponge,
help with meals—stir, shake, chop, cut, and mix, get dressed
—button, zip, snap, buckle, and fasten, open and close
containers with lids, cut with child-safe scissors, finger paint,
use a paintbrush, play with playdough and clay—roll,
smoosh, pat, pound, and use tools like popsicle sticks or
stamps, draw, scribble, or write with crayons, pencils, and
markers, put together puzzles, place pegs in a board, build
 with small blocks, play board games, play with puppets.
ACTIVITY #: 8
1. RESEARH ON THE RECOMMENDED FOOD GUIDE FOR PRESCHOOLERS OR YOUNG CHILDREN.
INTERVIEW A MOTHER ABOUT WHAT HER PRESCHOOLERS EATS IN A WEEK. WRITE DOWN
THE TYPES OF FOOD AND COMPARE IT WITH THE RECOMMENDED FOOD GUIDE.

Recommended Food for Pre-schoolers

Pre-schooler parent meal plan for a week
Breakfast Lunch Snack Dinner
Monday Skinless-Longganisa, sunny Daing na Boiled sweet Chicken curry & rice
side-up egg and rice boneless potato
Bangus & rice
Tuesday Pandesal, sardines & spread Left over Home-made Sinigang na hipon &
chicken-curry, pizza pandesal rice.
kang-kong and
rice.
Wednesday champorado Liver-gizzard Siopao Ginisang kalabasa at
adobo & rice sitaw with rice
Thursday Oatmeal, Banana slice and fruit Sinigang na Buttered corn Ampalaya with egg
juice baboy & rice cab & rice
Friday Daing na galung-gong, Pinakbet & rice Fried banana Fried chicken and
srambled egg and rice left over pinakbet &
rice.
Saturday Pancake with chocolate syrup Binagoongang Ice cream Chicken sotanghon
on top Talong & rice & puto
Sunday Tocino, scrambled egg and rice Lunch out with Toasted bread Crispy fried liempo
Family with cocumber salad
and rice

 We can see and know that the recommended food guide is not being patronized or follow by
the Filipino’s because based on my interview I see that there are families who are not eating
fruit in their everyday lives because they say it is expensive and they cannot afford to have it in
everyday meal. But there is a big impact on child’s daily activity if they’re not eating nutritious
foods. They’re daily activity can be affected by the way they eat and energized themselves.
Following the recommended food nutrition facts everyday is very important for us to have a
good day ahead and can do our daily activities appropriately.
 2. SURF THE NET. MAKE A COLLECTION OF GROSS MOTOR AND FINE MOTOR ACTIVITIES FOR
PRESCHOOLERS THAT CAREGIVERS AND TEACHERS CAN USE TO SUPPORT THEIR
DEVELOPMENT. MAKE A REPORT!

Activities to Support Gross Motor Development

Gross motor skills involve control of the arms, legs, head, and trunk. Child care providers can
help children develop gross motor skills by building in opportunities for children to

 run
 jump
 hop
 throw and catch
 climb up, down, over, under and through things
 pedal tricycles or other ride-on toys
 push and pull
 dump and fill
Specific activities that support gross motor development include running at different speeds,
jumping rope, playing hopscotch, tossing and catching balls of different sizes, pitching bean
bags, climbing in many different directions, pedaling riding toys, pulling wagons or toys,
pushing toy strollers or brooms, and filling and emptying buckets and other containers.
Remember that gross motor development happens inside as well as outside. A crawling tunnel,
ride-on car, or pull toy can help children practice large movements of their arms and legs.

Activities to Support Fine Motor Development

Fine motor skills involve the careful control of small muscles in the hands, feet, fingers, and
toes. Controlling the muscles of the tongue and lips in order to speak or sing is also a fine motor
skill. Child care providers can plan activities that encourage children’s developing fine motor
skills. Try some of the following activities that practice hand and finger coordination:

 play dough or clay with plastic tools such as scissors or cookie cutters to form into
various shapes
 blocks of various sizes to stack and arrange
 beads, macaroni, rigatoni or wheel-shaped cereal to string on yarn or shoelaces
 puzzles with varying size handles or knobs
 scissors, paints, brushes, markers, crayons, and large chalk that are all child-safe
Shared reading is also a great time to encourage fine motor skills. Encourage children to turn the
pages of a book. Remember that board books are best for very young children, because the pages
are sturdier and easier to manipulate.

REFLECTION NO.8 (Essay)

 FROM THIS MODULE ON PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS. I LEARNED THAT...
EXPLAIN WHY?
 In this module I learned that that the development of all child domain skills is depend on
what are we feed and teach them, they can never know and learn some things without a
guidance and proper nourishment of a parent. They need the proper guidance and
nutrition for them to fully developed their skills in every aspect. We also develop them
on what kind of human or people they will be in the future so, in that the proper
guidance of a parent is very important for them to know the things they should know
and what to do in a particular activity without hurting themselves and having the right
knowledge on how to do such things.
During the preschool years, there is a steady increase in children's height, weight, and
muscle tone. Compared with toddlers, preschoolers are longer and leaner. Their legs
and trunks continue to grow, and their heads are not so large in proportion to their
bodies.