07 FO - NO2100 - E01 - 1 LTE FDD Network Optimization Process-41P

LTE FDD Network
Optimization Process
Course Objectives
n Understand the concept and classification of LTE FDD
network optimization.
n Understand the implementation process of LTE FDD
network optimization.
n Understand the prerequisites for LTE FDD engineering
optimization.
n Understand the process of LTE FDD engineering
optimization.
n Understand the process of LTE FDD O&M optimization.
n Understand LTE FDD network optimization tests and tools.
2
Contents
n LTE FDD Network Optimization Overview

n LTE FDD Engineering Optimization Process
n LTE FDD O&M Optimization Process
n Network Optimization Tests and Tools
3
User Perception of LTE FDD Networks
n In daily life, some problems may occur on mobile terminals,

which affect the evaluation of the entire network quality.
No signal or poor
signals
Terminal access
difficulties
Unstable network
rate Network
problems
Poor voice quality
Unstable signal
intensity
…
© ZTE All rights reserved 4
Purposes of Wireless Network Optimization
How to optimize
Causes of
networks?
network problems
Ensure that network
Criteria?
quality meets service KPI & PI
requirements by
modifying network
Complicated wireless communication engineering parameters
environment; and wireless resource
Network design capacity not meeting parameters.
actual operational requirements;
Device malfunction or capacity limitations.
Adjustment
Ultimate goal of network optimization:
cell to provide high-quality LTE FDD
cell cell networks.
cell
cell cell
cell
When to
Phased optimize
networks?
adjustment
Regional environmental changes, site

relocation or establishment, and site
changes affect the existing network quality.
Classification of Network Optimization
n According to the project period, network optimization is divided into

two phases: engineering optimization and O&M optimization. These two
phases focus on different aspects, and different methods are used.
Optimization
project period
Engineering optimization improves network KPIs

Engineering through DT and targeted testing, antenna
optimization adjustment, and optimization of neighboring cells,
frequency, PCI, and basic parameters.
Once commercial users exist in the network, the

O&M optimization phase starts. Network
O&M optimization methods change from coverage,
optimization interference, and neighboring cell adjustment in the
engineering optimization phase to QoS-oriented
measures in the O&M optimization phase.

Principles of LTE FDD Optimization and
Adjustment
Adjust the coverage of
Reduce co-channel eNodeBs for load
Good network interference balancing
coverage is the basis between
neighboring cells, eNodeB
for optimization and the load
interference of
cross-coverage
balancing
Reasonable
handover bands to
reduce the
Low system
possibility of call interference
drop or failure
Reasonable
Optimal coverage handover
with limited power band Features of LTE
FDD network
Best optimization
system
coverage •Voice services are presented in VoIP mode, and network delay affects user perception.
•In the co-frequency network, ICIC is used to reduce user interference on the cell edge.
•In case of site/antenna feeder sharing with other systems, collaborative system
optimization should be considered.

Network Optimization Process
n The accuracy of the network

planning determines the workload
of engineering optimization,
including:
l Site address, site height, azimuth, and
downtilt angle
l Basic wireless parameters (including the
Cell ID, PCI, frequency band, and ICIC),
neighbor relation, neighbor cells, and
other parameters
n Engineering optimization must be

implemented based on the results
of network planning. The quality of
engineering optimization
determines:
l Future network quality
l Workload of O&M optimization

Network Optimization Implementation Process
Make
Start User acceptance Optimization
preparation
case library
n report
Optimizatio
Make Determine
planning indicators End
Whether the
Analyze indicators meet
network data requirements
Collect
network N
data
Implement Verify the Formulate the

the solution solution solution

Contents

10
Engineering Optimization Overview
n Targeting the networks that have just been constructed, LTE

network engineering optimization aims to improve network
performance by optimizing the coverage, handover, and access
indicators, so as to make them meet commercial requirements.
Engineering Optimization
Text 2 Text 3 Text 4

Coverage Handover Access Holding Quality
KPIs KPIs KPIs KPIs KPIs

Prerequisites for Engineering Optimization
Network Planning eNodeB Commissioning
n The results of network planning n The eNodeBs operate properly without

alarms, and services are normal.
directly affect the workload of
n The wireless planning parameters and
engineering optimization and
antenna/feeder parameters should be
network performance.
configured according to the network
n The following information is involved planning results.
in network planning and should be n eNodeBs are commissioned by region.
provided: site latitude and longitude, n The eNodeB information table should be
antenna azimuth, downtilt angle, provided, including the eNodeB ID, cell ID,
height, PCI, frequency, RS power, cell information, latitude and longitude,
neighboring cell relationship table, antenna azimuth, antenna height,
and simulation report. mechanical downtilt angle, and antenna
model.

Network Planning and Design Determining
Network Optimization
n Network planning and design are the key to network
construction.
n Network optimization is continuous refinement during network
construction.
n Scientific planning and design double the results.
n Network optimization is an important input of planning and
design.
n Trusted network simulation can guide network planning and
optimization.
n The feeder adjustment method of large-scale network trial is not
effective.

Simulation-Based Network Optimization Results

Major Tasks of Engineering Optimization
Optimization of system Troubleshooting

interoperability and Device troubleshooting,
special scenarios interference elimination, and
modification of incorrect NE
Optimization of interoperability parameters
parameters and special scenario
parameters
Basic network information

Service optimization update, maintenance, and
Improvement of basic service Major Tasks sharing
indicators Updates of site conditions,
engineering parameter changes,
and network parameter changes
Optimization of basic Coverage adjustment

network parameters Good coverage optimization
results can mitigate service
Optimization of engineering
performance degradation caused
parameters, neighboring cells,
by capacity increase of co-
frequency, PCI, and other
frequency network with.
parameters

Implementation Process of Engineering
Optimization

Definition of Engineering Optimization Phases
n The following preparations should be made

before engineering optimization:
l eNodeB information table: including the eNodeB name,
ID, MCC, MNC, TAC, latitude and longitude, antenna
height, azimuth, downtilt, transmit power, central
frequency, system bandwidth, PCI, ICIC, and PRACH
l eNodeB commissioning information table and alarm
information table
l Map: mapinfo electronic map for the network coverage
area
l Drive testing software: including software and
corresponding licenses
l Test terminal: supporting test terminal for the drive
testing software
l Test vehicles: test vehicles scheduled for the specific
arrangements of network optimization activities
l Power supply: on-board or UPS power supply

Parameter Check
n Before network optimization work, check key parameters of the sites in the area
to be optimized. Check whether the cell configuration parameters are the same as
the planning results. If not, submit them to engineering commissioning personnel
in a timely manner for modification.
n A unified template can be configured for site commissioning, with the parameters
involved in the template determined by the plan. Manual configuration of
different sites often causes inconsistency. Key parameters include the frequency,
neighbor cells, PCI, power, handover/re-selection parameters, and PRACH
parameters.
n For parameter check, the parameter configuration information table of each site
is exported from the network management system, and compared with the site
planning information table to find the differences between parameter planning
and configuration.
Parameter Cluster Area Border Network-wide
check optimization optimization optimization optimization

Cluster Optimization Phase
n The following information needs to be confirmed before cluster optimization:

l Site commissioning information provided by engineering installation personnel .
l Check for alarms on the site to ensure that the eNodeB to be optimized operate properly.
Coverage optimized before services
n Conditions for starting cluster optimization:
l In densely-populated urban areas and general urban areas, the clusters with over 80% eNodeBs
commissioned should be optimized.
l Suburbs and rural areas, cluster optimization can be started as long as the commissioned sites are
connected.
n Cluster optimization outputs:

l Provide the information about uncompleted sites on key roads and in key areas to customer service
personnel, urging them to implement construction, commissioning, and troubleshooting.
n Cluster optimization reports:

l Updated eNodeB information table
l All the roads involved should be traversed during cluster optimization


Area Optimization Phase
n The area optimization phase focuses on coverage on cluster borders as well as service
optimization and adjustment after cluster optimization is completed.
n This phase mainly focuses on cross-border coverage and handover band control. For the
adjustment methods, refer to cluster optimization.
n In area boarder optimization, area information sharing should be considered to avoid
multiple adjustments of antenna/feeder parameters. It is recommended to include related
areas in a group for special border optimization.

Border Optimization Phase
n Key points for border optimization between

vendors:
l Both parties should share the information of eNodeBs,
frequencies, scrambles on the exact borders.
l Border scramble should be planned by one party and
implemented by the other.
l Both parties should communicate about frequency and
scramble adjustment in the border areas in advance.
l Both parties should work in a team for border coverage
as well as service optimization and adjustment.
n Focusing on handover in the border area

between different vendors


Network-wide Optimization
n A network-wide Drive Test (DT) should be conducted to learn about the overall network
coverage and service conditions, and coverage and business optimization should be
implemented by focusing on key roads and areas determined by the customers. The process
of coverage and service optimization is exactly the same as that of cluster optimization.
n Reinforce the coverage, and conduct special inter-system optimization test in key areas.
n Special scenario optimization


Contents

23
O&M Optimization Overview
n During network operations, once commercial users exist in the network, network
optimization enters the O&M optimization phase. The network optimization
methods change from the engineering optimization phase (such as coverage,
interference, and neighbor cell adjustment) to the QoS-oriented O&M
optimization stage.

O&M Optimization Methods
n O&M data includes operational indicators and alarm data.

n Wireless network optimization data includes: complaints, wireless parameters,
engineering parameters, OMC-R traffic statistics data, MRR/CDT data, and DT
data.
n The core network provides CN KPIs.
KPIs not
reaching the
standard s

O&M Optimization Process
discovery
Problem
Wireless environment changes,
equipment operating status, and
terminal performance are all
factors causing network indictor
changes.
Network optimization is not
simply parameter adjustment, but
analysis and inspection of network
service faults.
Problem
analysis
A high-quality LTE
network is the result
of multi-team
Optimization
collaboration
solution implementation
Optimization

O&M Optimization Contents • Monitoring is started in case of
key parameter modification in
O&M optimization focuses on the the network.
whole network, and mainly analyzes • With a monitoring granularity of
the poorest cells to solve various 15 minutes, KPIs before and after
problems affecting network Parameter parameter modification are
modification KPI compared, and the affected KPIs
perception. should be analyzed and
monitoring
optimized.
Daily KPI Version

monitoring upgrade KPI
monitoring
• Continuous daily, weekly, and monthly • Monitoring is started in case

monitoring at a long term of network version upgrade.
• Wireless network KPIs, O&M KPIs, and • For the monitoring and
core network KPIs are monitored handling methods, refer to
• Summarize the poorest cell, and send parameter modification KPI
them to related personnel through email. monitoring.
• The attendants in the

equipment room are
responsible for tracing.
• Monitored KPIs include the site • Troubleshooting
serviceability rate, cell outage rate, procedure should be
number of current alarms per site, and recorded until the
number of historical alarms per site. alarms are cleared.
• The statistical granularity is 24 hours.

Export network-wide KPIs
Granularity: 1 day; cell-level
data
Daily KPI Monitoring KPI statistics
KPI change analysis

n Daily KPI monitoring is to
locate the cells with the Individual cell Common network
problem problems
poorest network KPIs on a Filter the poorest Locate the Check the scope of
cells problems problems
day or the previous day
CN
network, and poorest cells problem
are determined according Generate daily KPI

reports in Excel format
MRR/CDT analysis Locate the
fault
to certain rules. Terminal fault

eNodeB fault
n Statistical time granularity: Send it to related

personnel in fixed
Check global eNodeB
parameters
formats
1 day (24 hours). Network Device
optimization handling
Yes
n Statistical type: cell level; The problem-solving
team classifies,
Normal
summarizes, and locates
statistical frequency: once the poorest cells
No
parameters
a day.
Transfer it to
Categorizati
the CN
on of
poorest Device fault
Coverage fault
cells
Parameter fault
Network
optimization

Parameter Modification KPI Monitoring
n For back-end monitoring KPIs, statistical time

granularity: 15 minutes; statistical type: eNodeB level;
statistical frequency: 15 minutes.
n zomparison: Compare the data on the day after the
parameter modification takes effect with that on the
previous weekday (which cannot be compared with
that of the weekend) or the same time period in the
previous week. For example, compare the data on this
Monday to that on the previous Monday, data on this
Tuesday with that on the previous Tuesday, and so on.
Once KPI deterioration is detected, you should give an
early warning immediately, identify the poorest cell,
and locate the causes of the problem to decide
whether to roll back.
n Real-time monitoring: Identify KPI measurements
criteria. If an eNodeB KPI fails to meet the criteria ,
you should give an early warning immediately, identify
the poorest cell, and locate the causes of the problem
to decide whether to roll back.
n CQT or DT data can be tested by related personnel
after parameter modification.
Version Upgrade Monitoring
n For back-end monitoring KPIs, statistical time granularity: 15

minutes; statistical type: eNodeB level; statistical frequency: 15
minutes.
n Comparison: Compare the data on the day after version upgrade
with that on the previous weekday (which cannot be compared
with that of the weekend) or the same time period in the
previous week. For example, compare the data on this Monday
to that on the previous Monday, data on this Tuesday with that
on the previous Tuesday, and so on. Once KPI deterioration is
detected, you should give an early warning immediately, identify
the poorest cell, and locate the causes of the problem to decide
whether to roll back.
n Real-time monitoring: Identify KPI measurements criteria. If an
eNodeB KPI fails to meet the criteria after version upgrade, you
should give an early warning immediately, identify the poorest
cell, and locate the causes of the problem to decide whether to
roll back.
n CQT or DT data can be tested by related personnel after version
upgrade.

O&M KPI Monitoring
n Statistical time granularity: 24

hours; statistical frequency: 24
hours. O&M KPIs are monitored
by using the comparison method:
Daily statistics of network-wide
O&M KPIs is implemented to
check whether they meet the
normal standards. If an eNodeB
KPI fails to meet the standards,
you should give an early warning
immediately, and locate the
causes of the problem for
solutions.

Alarm Handling Process
n Fault monitoring involves many

items, generally the alarms not
reported by the NMS. According
to the severity, alarms can be
divided into warning, minor
alarm, major alarm, and critical
alarm in the ascending order.
Alarms with higher severity are
handled first.

Contents

33
DT/CQT Test System
n Network optimization should be implemented through DT or

CQT tests, where tools and software are needed to record the
signal conditions at a point or in an area.
Qualcomm
terminal
Test
UE
n In a common test system,
a UE is used as the
Ob-board
CNT GPS
receiver, and an eNodeB
Laptop
software
CAN
software is used as the transmitter.
n Various UEs can be
selected as needed.
n The GPS is not needed
for indoor tests.

DT/CQT Test
n Drive Test (DT):

l DT is a method of testing network KPIs by using test terminals and tools
along a pre-set route to obtain network performance analysis data.
l Advantages: GPS signals are acquired during the DT to accurately locate the
latitude and longitude, so as to locate the problems in the existing network
and obtain the first-hand test data. This cannot be implemented by using
signaling instruments or back-end statistics data.
l Disadvantages: Neither uplink signals nor the level can be tested. A small
amount of test data has a typical meaning but not statistically significant.
n Fixed Call Quality Test (CQT):

l Typical test sites are selected for service tests.

DT/CQT Test Requirements
n The DT test route must be in the actual coverage area of the local
LTE network.
n CQT test time: 9: 00–21: 00 on every workday (from Monday to
Friday, excluding holidays).

DT/CQT Test Flow
Key engineering parameters are included in the

site information table.
The site information tables of different test
What should be done before the test: software may not be compatible in format.
•DT: test route planning Map information should be imported for DT.
•CQT: test point selection
Device Engineering
Test Driver New
connect parameter Test start
preparations installation project
ion import
Optimization
Test data
and
analysis adjustment
There are different types of DT devices.
Specific drivers needs to be installed on
some devices, otherwise they cannot
work properly.

Limitations of Traditional DT Systems
The eNodeB transmits signals to the DT instrument The reverse coverage transmitter
transmits the signals to the eNodeB
mobile
Traditional DT
transmitter
instrument
eNodeB eNodeB
Innovative Reverse
Traditional DT Instruments
Coverage System
In multiple-Tx single-Rx mode, intra-frequency
The single-Tx multiple-Rx mode eliminates
measurement has limited dynamic range and
interference, and allows the measurement data
sensitivity. The test result can not accurately
to reach the maximum range, greatly
reflect the true coverage of all cell signals on
improving the integrity of test data.
each test point in the network.

NES Reverse Coverage Test System
The mobile transmitter transmits uplink signals
at a fixed power, and all the eNodeBs measure
the signals and obtain measurement data such
as the signal reception level.
The eNodeB side summarizes and stores the

measurement data reported by all eNodeBs by
using the cell ID as the index.
The data post-processing software is used to

obtain the single-cell downlink RSRP coverage
level map of all eNodeBs in the whole network.
The experimental field application shows that the
reverse coverage test system is superior to the
traditional DT system in test data completeness, and
truly reflects network coverage, providing an
Other tools are used for coverage
accurate data source for network coverage
optimization.
optimization.
Components of the Reverse Coverage Test
System
n OMC: configures back-end parameters and delivers NES test tasks.
n eNodeB: With high sensitivity, the eNodeB is used as the NES test data receiver.
n NES23L transmitter MT: The NES signal transmitter is used to transmit test signals.
n Software MAS: configures front-end parameters and delivers front-end tests.
n CNP: software for analyzing and processing test data in the existing network.

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LTE FDD Network

n LTE FDD Network Optimization Overview

n In daily life, some problems may occur on mobile terminals,

Regional environmental changes, site

n According to the project period, network optimization is divided into

Engineering optimization improves network KPIs

Once commercial users exist in the network, the

© ZTE All rights reserved 6

© ZTE All rights reserved 7

n The accuracy of the network

n Engineering optimization must be

© ZTE All rights reserved 8

Implement Verify the Formulate the

© ZTE All rights reserved 9

n LTE FDD Network Optimization Overview

n Targeting the networks that have just been constructed, LTE

Text 2 Text 3 Text 4

© ZTE All rights reserved 11

Network Planning eNodeB Commissioning

n The results of network planning n The eNodeBs operate properly without

© ZTE All rights reserved 12

© ZTE All rights reserved 13

© ZTE All rights reserved 14

Optimization of system Troubleshooting

Basic network information

Optimization of basic Coverage adjustment

© ZTE All rights reserved 15

© ZTE All rights reserved 16

n The following preparations should be made

© ZTE All rights reserved 17

© ZTE All rights reserved 18

n The following information needs to be confirmed before cluster optimization:

n Cluster optimization outputs:

n Cluster optimization reports:

Parameter Cluster Area Border Network-wide

© ZTE All rights reserved 19

Parameter Cluster Area Border Network-wide

n Key points for border optimization between

n Focusing on handover in the border area

Parameter Cluster Area Border Network-wide

© ZTE All rights reserved 21

Parameter Cluster Area Border Network-wide

© ZTE All rights reserved 22

n LTE FDD Network Optimization Overview

© ZTE All rights reserved 24

n O&M data includes operational indicators and alarm data.

© ZTE All rights reserved 25

© ZTE All rights reserved 26

Daily KPI Version

• Continuous daily, weekly, and monthly • Monitoring is started in case

• The attendants in the

© ZTE All rights reserved 27

Daily KPI Monitoring KPI statistics

KPI change analysis

are determined according Generate daily KPI

to certain rules. Terminal fault

n Statistical time granularity: Send it to related

statistical frequency: once the poorest cells

© ZTE All rights reserved 28

n For back-end monitoring KPIs, statistical time

n For back-end monitoring KPIs, statistical time granularity: 15

© ZTE All rights reserved 30

n Statistical time granularity: 24