Elephant communicate with each other

The source: https://phangngaelephantpark.com/elephant-communication/

When communicate elephants use all of the senses – touch, sight, smell, visual and hearing. Elephants
have an amazing ability also to detect vibrations.

 Acoustic communication:

Produce a wide array of sounds from rumbles to roars, cries, barks and trumpets. The most used is
rumbles. They can communicate from distant by using frequency-low sound from 12Hz-470Hz

 Visual communication:

Visual or nonverbal communication is as important for elephants as it is for humans. They use their
heads, eyes, mouth, ears, tusks, trunk, tail, feet and even their whole body to signal messages to
one another

 Chemical communication:

+The sense of smell is very pronounced in elephants. In fact, elephants are believed to have the
most effective olfactory system in the animal kingdom.

+Elephants can use their sense of smell to keep track of the location of different individuals.

 Tactile communication:

+Elephants can actually feel the vibrations of other individual elephant’s vocalisation through their
feet

+By ears, the elephant can pick up the ‘noise’ by bone conduction.

+They can even interpret the message being sent in this way.