7. ELECTRO. ‘1 mark questions 1. What is main reason for displace +, ig being charged cement € 2. A capacitor of capacitance C up by conneeting.it across dhe. voltage Sure of voltage ¥, How do conduction current ad displacement carrent in this set up. compare with cach other (a) during changing (b) after capacitor gets fully charged aac, source is connect ed 3. A variable frequency to.a capacitor. How will the displacement uF rent change with decrease in frequency? doe . Why is the quantity €9° called the dispace- ment current? ‘State the principle of production of em. waves. ‘What is the value of the velocity of these waves? ie waves? Are What oscillates in electromagneti these waves transverse or longitudinal? ‘What is the ratio of speed of infrared and ultra- violet rays in vacuum? 8. Out of microwaves, ultraviolet rays and infra - red rays, which radiation will be most effective for emission of electrons from a metallic sur- face? 9. To which part of the electromagnetic spectrum does a have of frequency 5 x 10 bleong? Let the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves used quite often for () Killing germs in houschold water purifiers 10. (ii) remote sensing (iii)treatment of cancer be labelled as Ayvdgand hy. Arrange 2,Ryand 2, in increasing order. 41. How are radiowaves produced? dliation entering 1, ce, What stops 1h, spac down on the earth? harmful 1 m from om my comin ar winter? nucle! in radar for aicray waves used 15. 16, why are savieslO™” (or) why micro’ transnissior , waves are best Suites 30" Pe eae n of signals. ition under which a microway, food item containing wate cm + efficiently. Welders weat special gossles or face mask, wath glass windows (0 PrOwect their eyes from vrectromagretic radiations. Name the radiation, a rite te range of their frequency. 2.43 mark questions 19. Give four basic properti tv tuent radiation of electromag State th for long sist state the condil oven heats UP ecules mos! ies of electromagnetic waves? 20,, Name: the ‘constit “/syietic ‘spectrum which (a) is used in satellite communication (remote sensing) (b) is used for studying crystal structure (©) is similar to the raditions emitted during de- cay of radioactive nuclei and also used in the treatment of cancer (4) has a wavelength range between 390 10 and 770nm (e) is absorbed from sunlight by ozone layer and also used as water purifier. (D produces intense heating effect. 21, Identify the Part of the electromag 7 trum which is eee ee (a) suitable for radar systems used in airersl Navigatic : (b) (by alas 0 the low frequency end of th fo earamastete spectrum (©) produced in nuclear reactions =a 12. How are X - rays produced? jcrowaves produced? (@) Producea ; 13, How are mi ae by bombarding a metal target Y ate peed electrons, abe ‘Scanned with CamScanner22. Which constituent radiation of the electromag- 23, 4, 28, 26. 27. 28, 29. netic spectrum is used (@ in radar (to photograph internal part ofa human boxy, and (ii)for tal night and foggy cot Give one reason for ng photographs af the sky ¢ ns? answer in each ease, State any four properties of electromagentic waves. Name the waves that are often referred to as heat waves. Name the physical quantity that has i higher (ii) lower (iii) same value for these waves, as compared to X-rays. How are infrared waves produced? Why are these referred to as heat waves? Write their one important use. Considering the case of a parallel plate capaci- tor being charged, show how one is required to generalize Ampere’s circutal law to include the term due to displacement current. A parallel plate capacitor with plate’area Aand plate separation d, is charged by a’constant eur- rent 1, Consider a plané surface area A/2 paral- lel to the plates and situated symmetrically be- tween the plates. Determine the displacement current through this area How does a charge q oscillating at certain fre- ‘quency produce electromagnetic waves? Sketch a schematic diagram depicting electric and magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave propagating along the Z-direction, Identify the type of eam. waves, whose method of production, is associated with (a) a klystron valve (b) vibration of atoms and molecules (© decay of atomie nuclei Also give the approximate range of wavelength of each of these e.m, waves 30. 32, (33. w sromngnetic waves with wavelength (DA, ate used to treat muse A) Ay ate used by « FM radio station for broad- casting, (Ud), are used to detect fracture in bones (Iv) A, are absorbed by the ozone fayer of the atmosphere, Identify and name the part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong. Ar- range these wavelengths in decreasing onder of ions with wavelength: m Electron (Aare used to kill germs in water pu (i) A, are used in TV communication systems (il), play an important ole in maintaining the earth's warmth Name the part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong. Arrange these wavelength in decreasing order of their magni- tude, What is the ‘green house’ effect for the atmo- sphere of earth?. Write its importance. In an electromagnetic wave propagating along the x-direction, the magnetic field oscillates at a frequency of 3x10"Hz and has an amplitude of 10"esla, acting along the y-direction (® What is the wavelength of the wave? (i) Write the expression representing the cor- responding oscillation electric field, The oscillating magnetic field ina plane electromagnetic wave is given by B, = X10 sink? 10" + M0ORNIT, (0 Cateulate the wavelength of the electromag: netic wave AU) Write down the expression for the oscillate Ml ing electric oscillating eleetiie field of an elsctromag= netic wave is given by Ey = sin 210" + 300m]Va0"t (w) Obvain the value of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave (b) Write down the expression for the oscillat- ing magnetic field, Scanned with CamScannerJ.-E a LECTROMAGNETIC WAVES pisplacement current exi if n ists due to ati jing electric field or changing om ti Mo ie flu, ) By property of continuity citing ae =displacement current oe Value during charging up process » n current= displacement curren zero, after capacitor gets fully charg with the decrease in frequency, the reactance & 1 X.25aq _ineteases ‘This decreases conduction current. As I, = Iq the displacement current will also decrease. {This is. because the quantity & 2 has the dimensions of current and this current exists due to displacement of charge across the capacitor plates. 5, According: produces elect vary both in spi em, waves. Velocity of an e.m. wa space = 3 x 10'ms & @ in em waves, electric, oscillate in mutually. P to Maxwell, an accelerated charge tric and magnetic fields, which ace and time.and give rise 10 we in free and magnetic fields erpendicular direc tions. (ii) These waves are 1. Ratio =1, because the spe netic wave in vacuum is independe length or frequency: & Utraviotet rays are most eff electric emission because they Mave quency and hence most enerBetl® transverse in nature .ed of an electromag unt of its waver sive for photo- highest fre- ‘Y-rays: 1. @) UV - radiation (A) (ii) Microwaves (22) (ii) y—rays Oy) in the order of inc! ds 2 >a >a SL 6 Uteaviotet radiations (2) i) Radiowaves (2) Gi Infrared waves (23) |i decreasing order of magnitude, these wave~ lengths are. 4, >h5 >a NSH WiniWERS SERIES Tis is the phenomenon ae enh Kes er ure wom at it THE radiation from the sun heats the earth due to its lower tempretur 1 resradiates it most the ininred region These infored radiations nnot pass through the lower atmosphere sey {gel reflected by gas molecules.low lying clouds also reflects these hack to earth and these Keep earth warm in night the 33, q) 2a = S210 MS 10-4 m= 10m v 3x10 ms (8) By =€B, #3108 x10"? =30Ve0" 1 #, =tysnae{ +t) = 30sin2x(3 x 10+ 10x) Vm" 34. Given B, =8%10° sinf210!t+300mx]T ‘Standard equation is B, =B). se snas(-4)] (0m comparing, 2 =200n and By =8%10T \ 1 Gi) Ey =cBy «3108 x10" = 2400Vm" ‘The electric field is perpendicular to the " direction of propagation (x-axis) and the direction of magnetic field (y-axis). Hence the expression forthe oscillating electric field is E, =2400sin[2x10!"t + 300rx] Vm“ 35, Given E, =30sin{2x10"'t +300m]Vm"" ‘Standard equation is E, = By sin an(3+) aT (on comparing , 2 =300n and Ey =30Vm-" ant favelength 2= m © Wavelengh Rass o7T ‘The magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of propagation (x-axis) and the dite. tion ofthe electric field (y -axis) so the expres. sion for the magnetic field is B, =10” sin{2x10!"t+ 300ex]7, 159