TYPES / MOOD:

A – Universal Affirmative (all, are)

E – Universal Negative (No, are)

I – Particular Affirmative (some, are)

O – Particular Negative (some, not)

PREMISES:

Major Premise – has major term (P)

Minor Premise – has minor term (S)

Conclusion – S (minor term) / P (major term)

FIGURE:

VALIDITY based on FIGURE & MOOD

VALIDITY based on FALLACIES

1. Fallacy of Exclusive Premises

The syllogism must not contain two negative premises (E / O)

2. Fallacy of Equivocation
There must be three pairs of univocal terms
- some words have multiple meanings, here a single word must mean the same thing in all
the premises

3. Fallacy of Undistributed Middle

The middle term must be Distributed at least once
MP / PM
SM / MS
----_
SP

4. Fallacy of Illicit Major (P) / Minor (S)

If the major/minor term (P/S) in the conclusion is Distributed, the same term in the premise
must also be Distributed

A, all are, du
E, no are, dd
I some are, uu
O some not, ud

Exclusive Premises - two EO

Equivocation - word same meanings
Undistributed middle – middle term distributes at least 1x
Illicit Major/Minor - if D in conclusion, D in premise