Solution type Pro

1 Coarse aggregate with probably 20 mm size Easy to be installed

Fast work

2 SCC -self compaction concrete Easy to be installed

Fast work
3 Classical compaction with selected fill Relatively cheaper material

Driven pier to support vortex chamber and

4 Insure no settlement
crossing pipe
Con Cost Time
Relatively expensive
Require some vibration for rapid settlement

Requires strict control of fine part content and washing by watering/dewatering

Expensive due to volume of concrete

Require control of placement to avoid segregation
Hard to get min 98% compaction due to limited space
Requires layers of max 30 cm
Settlement may occurs

Relatively expensive

Moderate to hard to be constructed

Requires coarse aggregates or SCC to fill the rest of void
Score