Energy efficiency in

Hot and Dry climate

SUSTAINABILITY IN CONSERVATION

BY :ANUSHA SHINY
HOT AND DRY CLIMATE:
• The hot and dry zone lies in the western and the
central part of India : Jaisalmer, Jodhpur and
Sholapur are some of the towns that experience
this type of climate.

• In such a climate, it is imperative to control solar

radiation and movement of hot winds.

• The design criteria aim at resisting heat gain by

providing shading, reducing exposed area,
controlling and scheduling ventilation, and
increasing thermal capacity.

• Passive design strategies building orientation,

building shape form, stack effect, courtyards,
wind towers, water bodies, insulation of walls &
roofs, proper fenestration, shading, proper
landscaping, skylights, day lighting.
GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR HOT AND DRY CLIMATE:
• Appropriate orientation and shape of
building.
• Insulation of building envelope.
• Air locks, lobbies, balconies, and
verandas.
• Weather stripping and scheduling air
changes.
• External surfaces protected by
overhangs, fins, and trees.
• Pale colors and glazed china mosaic
tiles.
• Windows and exhausts.
• Courtyards, wind towers, and
arrangement of openings.
• Trees, ponds, and evaporative
cooling.
Case study : The Indian Institute of Health Management Research, Jaipur
Site Planning
1.The natural topography of the land provided rationale
for the site planning of the institute. The seasonal drainage
channel was visualized as a leisure valley

2.Courtyards & terraces were ride the slopes & retain

continuity with the land beyond the site

3.The seasonal drainage was visualized as a leisure valley.

Courtyards & terraces were ride the slopes & retain
continuity with the land beyond the site.

4.Low lying & less water starved land was become to

parkland & the residential & institutional bldg. placed
across it. The leisure valley was the point of attraction for
community with stepped ghats, shade, flowers.
5. A bridge at the center of the site crosses the valley
between two sets of bldg. A pathway at the eastern edge
of valley acts as dam to impound rainwater which helps in
recharging the water table as well as acts as environmental A series of interlinked courtyards in IIHMR
element.
Building envelope & planning
Courtyard planning of individual clusters

The building of IHMR adopts compacts planning of

the buildings around landscaped linked courtyards,
which can be used to adjust the microclimate and
helps in increase of heat loss by ventilation.

A series of interlinked courtyards of the IIHMR

building(courtyard planning).

• Study court
• Public court
• Faculty court
• Academic court
• Residential court

A series of interlinked courtyards in IIHMR

Building Fenestrations

The pattern of fenestration is well coordinated with the planning grid. The windows are designed to reduce
glare and yet ensure adequate natural light for all the workspaces. Small high-level glazing panels
supplement the light from the windows by throwing more daylight at the back of the room to give a fairly
even illumination level across the depths of the rooms.
Daylight integration

A series of interlinked courtyards of the IIHMR building (courtyard planning). IIHMR is a proper example of daylight
integration
Cross ventilation
A ventilator below the window
sill serves a dual purpose. It is an
adjustable outlet for the air that
is distributed to each space by an
evaporative cooling system and it
can also house a window air-
conditioning unit without
blocking out the view and light.

The pattern of fenestration is

also coordinated with the
planning grid. The windows are
designed to reduce glare &
provide natural daylight for
workspaces & ventilation.
Natural cooling system

The cooling plant and service cores are designed to

ensure a noise-free and draught-free air - cooling
system.

With the exception of a few rooms which are air

conditioned, all workplaces are served by a built-in
evaporative cooling system.

Jaipur is a hot and dry area and this system provides

a high level of comfort at every little cost.
Rain water harvesting

A 'VALLEY' between the two sets of buildings is crossed by a bridge at the center of the site, while a
causeway at the eastern edge of the valley acts as a dam to impound rainwater. This helps in recharging the
subsoil water table. Apart from adding to the environmental character of the campus.
Materials
A locally available pinkish-grey stone is used for the load-
bearing walls. The rough texture of this stone contrasts
with the concrete bands and, along with the precast
concrete jaalis and chahijas. provides an economical
maintenance free finish.

As Jaipur possesses one of the finest traditions of the craft

of the building. The structure was based on load-bearing
masonry construction.
Expressive qualities stone it’s color, texture, & exposed
finish were tie together to give character to building which
has low maintenance finish. Precast concrete jali, Terrazo
plank . So by using locally available material & skills it
becomes economical.
Design features
1 Interlinked courtyards help in increase of heat loss by ventilation& acts as
functional spaces for specific purpose
2 Landscaped courtyard acts as microclimate modifier
3 Each building Wing has built-in evaporative cooling system which provides thermal
comfort
4 The windows are designed to reduce glare & provide natural daylight for workspaces
& ventilation
5 Use of local material & skills reduces construction & transportation cost.
6 Shades using natural vegetation, interconnecting pathway Provides a cooling effect.
7 Jali pattern window doesn’t disturb air movement & provides shading.
8 Solar panels
Reference
1 https://issuu.com/artbyinch/docs/himanshi_sharma_dissertation_report_with_poster
2 http://high-performancebuildings.org/case_study_hdecm1.php
3 https://www.slideshare.net/bellamkondavishwaja/hot-and-dry-climate-case-study
4 https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Indian+Institute+of+Health+Management+Research,+Jaipur&sxsrf=AO
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