4 Receptor proteins are part of the fluid mosaic structure of cell surface (plasma) membranes of T-lymphocytes.

Each
type of receptor protein is specific to a particular antigen.

Fig. 1.1 shows a receptor protein and the surrounding phospholipids of a cell surface membrane of a T-lymphocyte.

(a) (i) Draw a bracket ( } ) on Fig. 1.1 to indicate the width of the phospholipid bilayer. [1]
bracket extends across whole bilayer ;
(ii) Explain the term fluid mosaic. [2]
fluid
phospholipids move (within their monolayer) / proteins, move / float ; A phospholipids are liquid
mosaic
proteins, scattered / dispersed, within, phospholipids / bilayer ; R membrane unqualified
(iii) Describe how the structure of the receptor shown in Fig. 1.1 is similar to the structure of an antibody molecule. [2]
both made of, protein / polypeptide(s) / amino acids ;
both have disulphide bond ;
antigen binding site ;
variable region ;
constant region ; A non-variable
(b) Describe three functions of cell surface membranes, other than the recognition of antigens. [3]
control of entry and exit of substances ;
barrier to, polar molecules / water soluble molecules ;
adhesion ;
idea of retaining, large molecules / cell contents;
allow substances across, passively / by diffusion ;
ref to channel proteins ; A pore allow transport protein once
move substances through carrier proteins ;
active transport ;
ref to facilitated diffusion ;
endocytosis / exocytosis / phagocytosis / pinocytosis ;
recognise, hormones / neurotransmitters / chemical signals ;
sites of chemical reactions / sites for enzymes ;