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    Hemant Nagpure
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    Route tables contain routes that determine where network traffic is forwarded based on destination IP address. A route specifies an address prefix, next hop type (such as a virtual network or internet), and next hop address. Virtual networks are automatically configured with system routes including default routes. Custom routes can override these or be added by defining user routes or exchanging BGP routes between on-premises and Azure gateways. Azure selects the most specific matching route using longest prefix match.

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    Route Tables

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    Route tables contain routes that determine where network traffic is forwarded based on destination IP address. A route specifies an address prefix, next hop type (such as a virtual network or internet), and next hop address. Virtual networks are automatically configured with system routes including default routes. Custom routes can override these or be added by defining user routes or exchanging BGP routes between on-premises and Azure gateways. Azure selects the most specific matching route using longest prefix match.

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    12 views5 pages

    Route Tables

    Uploaded by

    Hemant Nagpure
    Route tables contain routes that determine where network traffic is forwarded based on destination IP address. A route specifies an address prefix, next hop type (such as a virtual network or internet), and next hop address. Virtual networks are automatically configured with system routes including default routes. Custom routes can override these or be added by defining user routes or exchanging BGP routes between on-premises and Azure gateways. Azure selects the most specific matching route using longest prefix match.

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    of 5

    Introduction to Routes

    Route tables
    A route table is a collection of individual routes used to decide where to forward packets based on
    the destination IP address.

    A route consists of

    • Address Prefix – Destination CIDR block to which the route applies

    • Next hop type – The type of Azure hop the packets should be sent to. It can be Virtual Network,
    Virtual Network Gateway, Virtual appliance and none.

    • Next hop address – The next hop address contains the IP address packets should be
    forwarded to. Next hop values are only allowed in routes where the next hop type is Virtual
    Appliance. If IP address represents a VM, make sure you enable IP forwarding in Azure for VM.
    System Routes
    Every subnet created in virtual network is automatically associated with a route table that contains
    the following system route rules.

    Default Routes Optional Default Routes

    Source Address prefixes Next hop type Next hop


    Source Address prefixes type Subnets
    Default Unique to the virtual Virtual network
    Default Unique to the virtual VNet peering All
    network network, for example:
    10.1.0.0/16
    Default 0.0.0.0/0 Internet
    Virtual Prefixes advertised from on- Virtual network All
    network premises via BGP, or gateway
    Default 10.0.0.0/8 None gateway configured in the local
    network gateway
    Default 172.16.0.0/12 None
    Default Multiple VirtualNetwork Only the subnet a
    Default 192.168.0.0/16 None ServiceEndpoi service endpoint is
    nt enabled for.
    Default 100.64.0.0/10 None
    Custom routes
    You create custom routes by either creating user-defined routes, or by exchanging border gateway
    protocol (BGP) routes between your on-premises network gateway and an Azure virtual network
    gateway.

    User defined routes BGP routes

    ✓ You can create custom, or user-defined, routes in ✓ An on-premises network gateway can exchange
    Azure to override Azure's default system routes, or routes with an Azure virtual network gateway using
    to add additional routes to a subnet's route table the border gateway protocol (BGP)

    ✓ Associate the route table at subnet level ✓ When you exchange routes with Azure using BGP,
    a separate route is added to the route table of all
    ✓ You can specify Virtual appliance, virtual network subnets in a virtual network for each advertised
    gateway, none, virtual network and internet as next prefix.
    hop types
    Route selection
    • When outbound traffic is sent from a subnet, Azure selects a route based on the destination IP
    address, using the longest prefix match algorithm.

    • For example between 99.0.0.0/24 and 99.0.0.0/16, Azure routes traffic destined for 99.0.0.5, to
    the next hop type specified in the route with the 99.0.0.0/24 address prefix

    • If multiple routes contain the same address prefix, Azure selects the route type, based on the
    following priority:

    • User-defined route
    • BGP route
    • System route

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