RAMDLY QUENCHED METALS thaw Sone tno BY. 98S : RON-BASEO AMORPHOUS WIRES 41TH HIGH FATIGUE STREHGTH Michiakt WAGIMARA, Akiniza INQUE*, and Tsuyosht NASUNDTO® lunisika Research and Development Center, Untetka Ltd.» UJt 611, Japan whe Research Institute for Tron, steel and Other Metals, Tohoku University, Sendai 380, Japan Uive-shaped Fe-Ce-§i-8 and Fe-Cr-P-C anorphoup aloys were found to exhibit fatigue strangths mich Higher than those for carmercial piano wires. and SUS30¢ wires.” The high stabliley agelase fatieve damage nas Interpreted as sue to a retardation af the initiation of fatigue crack on sme wire sur= face through a renarsaole entancenent. in corrosion res stance, 1. teragouerion Fecbased aeorphous wiras of Fe-Si-B, Fe-P-c, Si-B and Fe-NeP-t (Met, Ta, Cr oF Mo) syS- tems produced directly from the melt by melt spinning in rotating water were previously de- lnonstrated to exhibit high tensile strength com- bined with good sending ductility!*?. In sub- sequent studies, tne Fe-based wires were found to possess unique magnetic characteriszics? which are different from those for the riaton Imateriale, because of a different magnetic do natn structure caused by oifferent solid! fica ‘ion process. Owing to many advantages in the production process and the characteristics of ‘these wires, the anorphous wires are nighly at- tractive as high-strength and/or ferromagnetic matersals For industrsalization of the anor Prous wires, the wires are furtner required to possess a nigh resistance against repetitive or Fluctuating stress as well as static stress “he purpose of this paper is to present the re- sult o which we succeeded in obtaining the Fe: based amorphous wires eanibiting high Fatigue strength coabined with nigh eensiTe strength, good bending duct! sty and good corrosion re- 2. EXPERI aL METHODS ‘he sanples used are Fe-Si-B, FooP-C, Fe-teSt ivan FecteP-C (Het, Ta, Cry Mo oF Wi} anor= phous wires having about 120 ja sianeter. The amorphous wires were produced by the Inerotating swoter spinning method. The maximim app ied Strain (3) leading to fatique failure under oe condition of dynamic bending oad was measures as a function of the muster of cycles of strain (ip). The fatioue test was pertorsed for the specimens having a gauge dinension of 100 m at a repecieive speed of 3.2 42 at 293 «In airy vere tne hinidity was contratied, as well os in watery vsing a speclaTly designed fatigye se- nine constructing of vnree pulleyyii hubs = erated in Fis, 1 ing the diameter of the puliey (2) ane eve ated ty the relation of the wire dtaneter The was adjusted by chane- ap(2r + 3), whore ¢ is Motor 2.Rotating disk 3, Digital counter Guide pulley 5.Sample 6.Pulley 7. Locd roune A schenatic ‘Tlustration of speciatly destoned tending: type fatique nach ine Yiartalreae5 First the features of static tensile stress rein behavior of Fe-Si-B and Fe-P-C srorphous vires are described in comarison with those of smercial 0.8 wt’ € piane wire and SUS30¢ wire ng the sane wire dianter (=120 un). The wea, 2.1 4 and 1.42008 ¥Pa for Fe77,sP cel inh gurves for FeysStvo81s and Aa ea tell aif CE ata sie iB EAU sinere the date of piano wire and SUS200 wire a5 wel) a5 the Fe-Si-B and Fe-P: ed "fatigue Tisit™ anorphous ribbons (ne can see silure is observed at an arbitrary number of ycles, for exarple, 10° ~vcles, for the anor: talline wires, The fatigue Timit is about for the Fe-Si-B wire and about 0.0050 for anout 2 thon enor (6 D817-0.8818)" Far the anor US30¢ wire, similar tendency 15 al50 seen for the fatigue strength sn the region of sma11 We values where larger bending strain was ap- 3.3. Fracture morphology Figure 3 shavs the fracture appearance o sSinoBip wire fatTured at Np=5.4x0% under 2 2.0080 fn aie With BIKES veals the following three important points: (1) ne fatigue crack initiates on the wire surface rarked with an arrow, propagates gradually ac- coupanied with striation pattern to the central “ne photograph re= part on the perpendicular surface agefnst the Tongitudina) direction of the wire, and then very rapidly, resulting in a final faiture. (2) The spacing avong strietion fringes is as small a5 stout 0.7 um and the area ratio of the striae ‘lon pattern region to the wtote fracture sur- face is about 30%. (3) The fracture surface produced by Final failure ts very smooths 1n ood contrast to the result for the tensite fracture appearence in wnich a developed vein pattern is observed, As the applied bending racture surface appearance for FereSit061s after Ng=5.4x102 under 2=0, 008! .Irom amunphons wes a strat increases, the spacing among the steia- lon fringes necoses coarse and the fraction of 8 area accuosed wi 3.4. Improvenent of fatigue strengtn by the reduction of tuniditz Figure & shows the A-tip curves of Fe7sSsi08s Sn air maving varigus values, With decreasing, aH value, tye, fatigue Lisit sncrgagge significantly from 020025 at 2 85 to GOI at RHe30 Muence of musidity on the s-Ny behavior becomes significant with increasing Ney foes, 10h ine fereasing testing tine required up to final faiT~ ure, This result enables us to tnfer that te Furthermore, the in= oth with humidity change in the fatigue etn rises fram tne tine (81 f¥usion)-controtiee acess such az the anorittlenent due ta the Uiszalution of hydrogen generatad by dissocia- tion of nizzure, tne lnprovanent of fatigue strength for Fe-basee samarpnous wires aight be achleved Jn the alloy system exhibiting high corrosion resistance, 3.5. Improvenent af fatigue strength by the asstion of cr The possibility that the alloys with nigh resistance to corrasion wight exhibit nigh fi tigue strength was pointed out In section 34. The subsequent investigation was focussed on Fe Si-B and Fout?H€ anorgnaus atToys because & It is therefore thought that Frown 4 Fatigue cu for Fe7eSi100)5 sroronous wires th afferent Felavive humidity quaternary alloys are expected to exhibit hign fatigue strength combined with gaat corrosion resistance. The ip behavior wat eaanined for tne anorpnous ebbons (80 ue-2 m) in Fer. Siygbts (WTI, Zr Ys by Tay Ces Hoy AY, Po, Cu or Al) system, foune that the replacement of Fe by 3 atz Gr causes a Significant increase in tng fatigue Vimit From 6,0019 at 0 7tr to 0.0050 at 6 "Cry ‘even though the other elenents have Tittle ef fect on the enhancement of the fatigue strength 1 sinflar enhancanant of fatigue strensth |= reasonably expected to be achieved aven for the anorphous wires. Figure § stows the fatigue init of Fe77,sexlrsP12,sc10 arorpnous atloys in ‘the rioben and wire forms as a functfon of content. It $2 seen that the fatigue creases remarkably in the vicinity of 35 "Cr, Sngicating that the remarkable enhancerent of fatigue Tinit is possiole even for the asoranous As a result, wire by the dissolution of Cr more than atout = cr The effect of Cr adgition on tne i! for Fers-,CraSt ob Fig. 6 The enhancenent of the fatigue strength itn Jnereasing Cr content is seen over the nate te regian and the enrancenent is a5 much fs about 300 7 at 11 ocr, It is striking that the fatigue Tinit (0.0131) of Fepatryy$! 108% ivorpnous wires is show fn Frayne § Fatigue limit at terlob as 2 function of Cr con tent for a7), zex0ryP2,s¢n9 amorphous. aly 1 vine and ribbon formsins2 a" URE 6 . Fatigue curves for Fe7s-xCra5i10815 amorphous fanorphous wire is nicher by a factor of about 3.3 than those of commercial piano wire and SUS 308 wire, The high fatique strength of FeeCr-Si-B anor- Fige Ure 7 shows tie %-N¢ curves of Fe7sSi}9815 and phous wires was also recognized in water. Fegrcrasino8s a ‘phous wires tested in water at 299 K together with the dats of piano wire ‘and 5US308 wire. Although the fatigue Vinit de- creases from 0.010 in air to 0.0075 in water even for Fes7CreSizoBis wire, the fatigue strength level is higher by @ factor of about 1.9 than that (0.0040) of sus Aas tionally, from the comparison of Figs. 2 and 7 the fatigue strengths in water for the piano wire and Fe7sSin0815 amorphous wire without Cr decrease drastically and no fatigue limit of the two alleys fs 04 wire jetected in water, indicating that the degradation of corrosion resistance results in a significant reduction of fatigue strength. Tt was demonstrated in the present work that the fatigue strengths of Fe-Si-B and Fe-P-C ‘amorphous wires are remarkably enhanced either hy the reduction of humidity or by the addi- tion of Cr white degrades ty the imersion into eater. Further, it 4s well known that the nie tiation of fatigue crack usually eccurs on the Accordingly, it is reasonably Delieved for the present amorphous wires that sample surface. Maghsia et at uae Fiouee 7 Fatigue curves for FersSiyotys and FegyCreSino- 85 amorphous wires tested in water af 258k. ‘the fatigue crack under the dynamic bending force initiates on the outer surface where the largest strain is applied and propagates to the central region of the wire. The photograph Shown in Fig. 3 also supports the above- described inference. It may therefore be con- cluded that the enkancanent of fatigue strength by the dissolution of Cr is due mainly to the Suppression of the initiation of fatigue crack (on the sample surface through the remarkable en- ‘nancerent of corrosion resistance. Anyhow, the information that the fatique strength of Fe-based anorphous wires 1s renarka~ ly improved either by the addition of Cr or by the reduction in humidity in air gives an en- couraging prospect on the extensive practical use of anorphous wires. REFERENCES (OTM. taghnara, A. Inoue and T. Trans. 13 (1988) 373 O52, A Trove, M. gsvere and 7 Masumoto, Met Masumoto, Mater. Se4. 17 17982) $80, 3. H.S. Chen, RAC. Sherwood, S. din, G.C. Chi, A. Inoue, 'T. ‘Masumoto and M. Hagiwara, J Appl. Phys. "86 (1984) 1796, NM. Ooi, K. Sugiyama, T. Tong and T. Imuray << Proc. ath’ int. Conf! on Rapidly Quenched + etais, Sendai, (1981), p..1349,