Ratio and Proportion: Solving for x

Dosage Calculation

With Professor Rhonda Lawes

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Solving for x

3:4 6:x
When 3 of the 4 numbers of a ratio are known, x can be
used as a placeholder to figure out the 4th number.

Why?

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Means and Extremes
Means

3 6
3:4 6:8
Extremes
4 8

In proportions, the product of the means always

equals the product of the extremes.

3 8 4 6
24 24
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 1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means. 3:4 6:x
2. Place the x on the left side
of the equation.

3. Divide each side of the

equation by the number in 3 6
front of the x.

4. The remaining number is x. 4 x

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 1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means. 3 x 4 6
2. Place the x on the left side 3x 24
of the equation.

3. Divide each side of the 3x 24

equation by the number in
front of the x. 3 3
4. The remaining number is x. x 8

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Example 1
1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means. 6:10 18:x
2. Place the x on the left side
of the equation. 6 18
3. Divide each side of the 10 x
equation by the number
in front of the x.
6x 180
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

replacing x with the number.

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Example 1
1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means.

2. Place the x on the left side

of the equation. 6x 180
3. Divide each side of the 6 6
equation by the number
in front of the x.
6x 30
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

replacing x with the number.

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Example 1
1. Multiply the extremes and 6x 30
then the means.

2. Place the x on the left side

of the equation. 6:10 18:30
3. Divide each side of the 6 18
equation by the number
in front of the x. 10 30
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

6 30 10 18
replacing x with the number. 180 180
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 Example 2
1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means. 3:8 12:x
2. Place the x on the left side
of the equation. 3 12
3. Divide each side of the 8 x
equation by the number
in front of the x.
3x 96
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

replacing x with the number.

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Example 2
1. Multiply the extremes and
then the means.

2. Place the x on the left side

of the equation. 3x 96
3. Divide each side of the 3 3
equation by the number
in front of the x.
6x 32
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

replacing x with the number.

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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 Example 2
1. Multiply the extremes and 6x 32
then the means.

2. Place the x on the left side

of the equation. 3:8 12:32
3. Divide each side of the 3 12
equation by the number
in front of the x. 8 32
4. The remaining number is x.

5. Check your work by

3 32 8 12
replacing x with the number. 96 96
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 In a Nutshell

 Remember: When 3 of the 4 numbers of a

ratio are known, x can be used as a
placeholder to figure out the 4th number.

1. Identify the known ratio and the

unknown ratio.

2. Set up the proportion.

3. Cross-multiply and solve.

4. Check the answer by plugging the

result into the unknown ratio.

khan one, lippert@subrolive.com

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