Freight Management System 1

Chapter 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

The literature review is an important part of research process and makes a valuable
contribution to almost every operational step. The literature review serves to enhance and
combines your own knowledge and helps you to integrate your findings with the existing
knowledge. The purpose of literature survey is that it identifies new ways to interpret and
shed lights on any gaps in previous research. Literature review helps to find about the project
which already exists , it also tells about the advantages and disadvantages of the project , and
it also gives a valuable information to a person who is referring to that particular paper on
which one is developing a project. By referring to the previous papers one get the idea about
the project to develop it more sustainably and effectively. Literature review helps a lot in
more ways where in one can get to know about the project fully thoroughly and to make a
changes in the project developed in present. The points which have been not covered in that
project can be covered in the present developing project.

This chapter is all about the review of the literature to identify and understand the
implications of different issues related to consumer perception and satisfaction towards
public and private life. The literature review on freight management system in India includes
articles on freight management and logistics, research papers on freight logistics which helps
in the logistic part of the project, it also includes projects developed before with external
ideas, freight management reports, log books of freight management , it includes freight
management report not just on road it also includes cargo management , through trains etc,
and different articles which are more popular enough written by famous dignities. The
literature survey presented below:

Ronald R Braeutigam and Roger G Noll have named it as “ The regulation of surface freight
transportation : the welfare effects revisited” in this research paper they explained about the effects of
surface freight regulation it also demonstrate several studies use invalid methods to estimate the
welfare costs of rate regulation develops a correct procedure and provides estimates of the welfare
effects using and model market share relationship estimated by Boyer. This paper was published in
1984 , February.[1] David Infante , Giuseppe Paletta and Francesca Vocaturo have named it as “ A
ship truck international transportation problem” this paper totally focuses on the intermodal freight
transport service in which containers represent the moved loading units. In particular it deals with the

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advantages of combining sea and road transportation sea for transferring large quantities over long
distance , road for collecting and distributing over short medium distances. With the view to
minimizing the total cost of the services we formulate a ship-truck international transportation
problem as well as traveling purchase problem(TTP) in this way broadening the real time
applications field of TTP. This paper was published in 2009. [2] Mark R Ferguson , Tom A Lavery ,
Chris D Higgins have named this article as “ Truck Freight Generators And Attractors in the province
of Ontario” this article consists of This report serves as an overview of patterns of truck trip and
shipment generation and attraction in the Province of Ontario and also an examination of some of the
data sources that have allowed to us to perform analysis on the topic. Based on a 2010 survey of for-
hire carriers, Ontario gives rise to approximately 16.2 million trucking shipments annually and acts
as a destination for nearly 14.2 million shipments. Ontario generates about 75% more shipments and
receives about 50% more shipments than the next ranking province which is Alberta. This study
complements and supplements a 2010 Transport Canada study that examined the largest ,typically
GTA (Greater Toronto Area)-oriented and international, freight generators in the province. The
current study is focused on trucking and has a lesser relative emphasis on international and GTA-
associated freight movements than the prior study.[3] Rinaldo Azevedo Cavalcante have named this
paper as “freight market interactions simulation an agent based framework” this article is about
Freight transport is the output of an economic market, which converts commodity flows into vehicle
flows. Interactions in this market influence vehicle flows and since freight market characteristics
(product differentiation and economies of scale/scope) violate perfect competition conditions, the
output of this market cannot be predicted directly, unless these interactions are represented in the
forecasting models. Traditional freight modelling frameworks do not consider these interactions and
consequently they may provide inaccurate freight flow forecasts. In this dissertation, a freight
modelling framework is proposed using simulation of freight agent interactions in the economic
market to forecast freight flows. The framework is named FREMIS(Freight Market Interactions
Simulation). The FREMIS framework consists of two demand models to represent shipper decisions
(bundling of shipments and carrier selection) in the market and functions based on profit maximizing
behaviour to simulate carrier proposals for contracts. Besides that, learning models are proposed to
simulate agent learning processes based on their interactions. The framework was developed aiming
to create a realistic representation of freight markets using feasible data collection methods. To
illustrate the feasibility of the data collection, a customized web survey was implemented with
shippers and carriers in a freight market. This paper was published in 2013. [4]

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Y. H . V. Lun K H Lai T. C. E . Cheng have named this research paper as “

Shipping and Logistic Management ” in this article the author has described
about the shipping , transporting and management system how it works what are
the qualities to be maintained to get good amount of orders by the customer and
how to gain the trust of the customer . Although the shipping business is an
economic sector, there are important sub divisions in the sea freight market. The
sea freight market is linked with ships that can carry different types of cargoes.
Generally, the freight market can be divided into the tramp market and the liner
market.[5] Mary R. Brooks and J. Richard Hodgson have named this research
paper as “Short-sea shipping on the east coast of north America: An analysis of
opportunities and issues ” in this research paper the author represented about the
transportation system followed in the east coast of north America. he aim of this
study has been to advance the Federal Governments appreciation of the  potential
for short sea shipping activities on the East Coast of Canada and the US. The
issues are complex and the potential for a service is somewhat marginal. Much
depends on further investigation of the demand, the ability of a carrier to
induce switching and the willingness of the Federal Government to  address the
regulatory and commercial impediments to the launching of  a successful
service .We see the potential of short  sea service as a set of four pieces in  a
jigsaw puzzle, all of which must be fitted  together for a successful service to be
established: The demand for the service must be large enough to support service
development,The service must meet the requirements of shippers,This report is
not definitive in its findings. It indicates areas where a  potential operator needs
to contemplate further due diligence in any decision to invest. It delves deeply
into the challenge of finding a business opportunity with potential. It also
identifies those impediments within the purview of Government to address and
rectify.[6] José Holguín-Veras Miguel JallerIvan Sanchez-DiazJe ffrey Wojto
wiczShama Campbell Herbert Levinson has named his report as “ Freight trip
generation and land use ” in this report he mainly concentrated on freight
management . While travel-demand modelling has a robust process for  estimating
passenger travel need based on the traditional four-step travel-demand modelling
process, the same cannot be said for freight-demand modelling. Land use-freight
relationships represent a central issue forbade quietly planning infrastructure

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investments and land use policy and planning; however, the current

transportation planning process does not  effectively estimate freight activity
necessary to assist decisionmakers when making infrastructure investment
choices. Increased truck volumes, coupled with increased multimodal operations
and changing logistics, have made it more difficult for standard modelling
techniques to fully account for the dynamic nature of freight transportation.
Often, evaluating the potential freight trip  generation from a proposed project
depends on assumptions such as traffic generation based on square foot-age or
other gross characteristics such as establishment type or the number of loading
docks.[7]

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