ODANGO, Clint Xavier F.

April 23, 2022

STUDENT LEARNING EXERCISES

Definitions

Match each term with its definition.

1. i Benign a. Immature lymphocytes
b. Plan of care outlining drug therapy and follow-up care
2. a Blast cell c. Within the spinal column
d. Decrease in number of cells, which results in reduced ability
3. h Clean margins to fight infection
e. Reduction in platelet count
4. g Extramedullary f. Slow-growing cells forming a tumor with distinct borders
g. Outside the bone marrow
5. j Immunosuppression h. Evidence of normal, disease-free tissue in the outermost layer
of cells of a surgical sample
i. Abnormal cells that have invasive and unregulated growth
6. c Intrathecal
j. Weakening of the body’s normal immune response
7. f Malignant

8. d Neutropenia

9. b Protocol

10. e Thrombocytopenia
ODANGO, Clint Xavier F. April 23, 2022

Review of Cancer

11. Any tumor that arises from new, abnormal growth is called metastases

12. The two ways that

cancer cells spread are Through the circulatory (blood) system (hematogenous) and Through
Lymphatic System .

13.
best and can help predict a patient's prognosis, which is the chance of recovery.

Answer as either true (T) or false (F).

14. F The cause of most childhood cancers is unknown.

15. F The cardinal signs of cancer in children are the same as in an adult.

16. T Screening tests are available for the detection of childhood cancers.

The Child with Cancer

17. The signs and symptoms of childhood cancer depend on which factors? such as fever, severe and persistent
headaches, bone pain and weight loss,

18. Identify the three primary treatment modalities for children with cancer.

a. Chemotherapy

b. Radiation Therapy

c. Transplantation of Stem Cells

19. Chemotherapy is the use of drug to kill cancer cells.

20. Identify the three body systems whose cells are most often affected by chemotherapy.

a. Circulatory system

b. Nervous System

c. Respiratory System

21. Define nadir. the point of the celestial sphere that is directly opposite the zenith and vertically downward
from the observer.

22. People with HIV places the child with cancer at risk for the development of opportunistic infections.

Identify each of the signs and symptoms as a side effect of chemotherapy (C), radiation (R), or both (B).
ODANGO, Clint Xavier F. April 23, 2022

23. R Skin reactions

24. B Nausea and vomiting

25. C Alopecia

26. C Bone marrow suppression

27. B Stomatitis

28. B Fatigue

29. Which class of antiemetic drugs has been found to be most effective in treating
chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?

Serotonin and neurokinin antagonists, such as ondansetron and aprepitant, are highly effective in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

30. What is the purpose of a biopsy in the treatment of childhood cancer? To see if the bone marrow is
producing enough of certain blood cells

31. Why would a central venous catheter facilitate chemotherapy administration? You can have chemotherapy
into the bloodstream through a long flexible plastic tube called a central line. These are called central lines
because they end up in a central blood vessel in your chest, close to your heart.

32. The side effects of radiation therapy are specific to the Hair loss and

Head aches .

33. The side effects of radiation therapy usually appear skin changes days after
treatment is initiated.

34. Fatigue is the most common side effect of radiation

therapy.

35. What is an autologous peripheral stem cell transplant? uses healthy blood stem cells from
your own body to replace your diseased or damaged bone marrow. It is usually for people who
require high doses of chemotherapy and radiation to cure their condition.

36. For what childhood cancers has bone marrow transplantation become standard therapy?

A stem cell transplant (SCT) (also known as a bone marrow transplant) can sometimes be used to help improve the
chances of curing childhood leukemia. SCT lets doctors use even higher doses of chemotherapy than a child could
normally tolerate.

37. What is conditioning? the process of training or accustoming a person or animal to behave in a
certain way or to accept certain circumstances

38. The major problem associated with an allogenic transplant is bone marrow failure with the
absence of red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet production.
ODANGO, Clint Xavier F. April 23, 2022

39. What are biologic response modifiers? also known as immunomodulators, are the class of
medications that target the disease-causing mechanism.

Leukemia
40. Leukemia is caused by the proliferation of some blood cells acquire changes (mutations) in
their genetic material or DNA. A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do.
Normally, the DNA tells the cell to grow at a set rate and to die at a set time.

41. List five clinical manifestations of leukemia.

a. Fever anf Chills

b. Fatigue

c. Loss weight

d. Sever Infections

e. Swollen Lymph Nodes