Regulations On Railway Line Repair

Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway
Regulations on Railway Line Repair
Repair & Maintenance Department
April, 2017
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I GENERAL ···································································································· 1
CHAPTER II CONTENTS AND ORGANIZATION OF TRACK EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE WORK· 3
Section I Work classification ··························································································· 3
Section II Work contents ································································································· 4
Section III Management organization ················································································ 7
Section IV Work plan ····································································································· 11
CHAPTER III CRITERIA AND REPAIR REQUIREMENTS FOR TRACK EQUIPMENT ·················· 13
Section I Subgrade ······································································································· 13
Section II Ballast bed ···································································································· 14
Section III Sleeper ········································································································· 16
Section IV Rail·············································································································· 18
Section V Connecting parts ···························································································· 23
Section VI Rail reinforcing device···················································································· 25
Section VII Route plan ··································································································· 26
Section VIII Profile ········································································································ 29
Section IX Turnout ········································································································ 31
Section X Crossing, sign and separation fence ································································· 36
CHAPTER IV MAIN REQUIREMENTS FOR TRACK EQUIPMENT REPAIR ································ 38
Section I Construction of line cleaning ············································································· 38
Section II Track lifting, compaction and ballast packing operations ······································ 38
Section III Track lifting and realignment ··········································································· 39
Section IV Repair with large road maintenance machinery ·················································· 40
Section V Rail joint gap adjustment ················································································· 40
CHAPTER VI TRACK EQUIPMENT REPAIR CRITERIA························································· 42
Section I track equipment repair cycle ············································································· 42
Section II Management values of allowable rail static geometrical dimension errors ··············· 42
Section III Management values of irregularity of track under train load ·································· 44
Section IV Acceptance criteria for overhaul, medium repair and comprehensive repair of track
equipment ··················································································································· 46
Section V Acceptance methods for track equipment repair ················································· 66
CHAPTER VII TRACK QUALITY EVALUATION ··································································· 69
Section I Evaluation of track equipment state···································································· 69
Section II Evaluation of track equipment maintenance quality·············································· 70
CHAPTER VIII TRACK EQUIPMENT INSPECTION ······························································· 77
Section I Static inspection of tracks················································································· 77
Section II Dynamic inspection of tracks············································································ 77
Section III Rail inspection ····························································································· 79
CHAPTER IX PATROL ··································································································· 81
Section I Patrol system ·································································································· 81
Section II Track patrol ··································································································· 81
Section III Watch of crossing ························································································ 82
Appendix I Method for Total Track Repair Quantity Calculation ············································· 83
Appendix II Method for Sleeper Pitch Calculation ································································ 84
Appendix III Track Inspection Car Operation Method ···························································· 86
Appendix IV Material and Process for Screw Spike Anchorage ············································· 88
Appendix V Technical Specifications for Using and Repairing of Used Rails ····························· 90
Appendix VI Commonly Used Forms ·············································································· 96
Appendix VII Explanations on Wording in the Specifications ··············································· 116
铁路线路修理规则
Chapter I General
第 1.0.1 条为适应铁路运输的发展，增强轨道结构强度，提高线路设备修理质量，实现科学管理，特制定
本规则。
Article 1.0.1The regulations are prepared to adapt to the development of railway transport, increase the
strength of track structure, improve the repair quality of track equipment and realize the scientific
management.
第 1.0.2 条线路设备修理分为线路设备大修（含中修）和维修。
Article 1.0.2 The maintenance of track equipment is divided into overhaul (including medium repair) and
repair.
第 1.0.3 条线路设备大修的基本任务是根据运输需要及线路设备损耗规律，有计划、按周期地对线路设备
进行更新和修理，恢复和提高线路设备强度，增强轨道承载能力。
Article 1.0.3 The basic task of track equipment overhaul is to, according to the requirements of
transportation and the wear rule of track equipment, update and repair track equipment in a planned and
periodic way to restore and increase the strength of track equipment and enhance the carrying capacity
of track.
线路设备维修的基本任务是保持线路设备完整和质量均衡，使列车能以规定速度安全、平稳和不间断地运
行，并尽量延长线路设备使用寿命。
The basic task of track equipment repair is to maintain the integrity and mass balance of track equipment
to enable trains to run safely, stably and continuously at the specified speeds and prolong the service life
the track equipment to the greatest extent.
第 1.0.4 条线路设备大修应贯彻“运营条件匹配，轨道结构等强。修理周期合理，线路质量均衡”的原则，
坚持全面规划、适度超前、区段配套的方针。
Article 1.0.4 The principle of 'matching the operation conditions, constant strength of track structures,
reasonable maintenance cycle and mass balance of line' shall be implemented for overhaul of track
equipment, and the policy of comprehensive planning, moderate forward thinking and district
complement shall be adhered.
线路设备维修应贯彻“预防为主，防治结合，修养并重”的原则，按线路设备技术状态的变化规律和程度，
相应地进行综合维修、经常保养和临时补修，有效地预防和整治线路病害，有计划地补偿线路设备损耗，
以取得较好的技术经济效益。
The principle of 'prevention priority, integrating prevention with control and attaching equal importance to
repair and maintenance' shall be implemented for the repair of track equipment, and according to the
rules and degrees of technical state variation of track equipment, comprehensive repair, regular
maintenance and temporary repair shall be carried out accordingly, to effectively prevent and fix line
damages and compensate the wear of track equipment in a planned way, so as to obtain good technical
and economical benefits.
第 1.0.5 条线路设备大修应由综合维修中心提报计划及大修方案，并承担作业任务，采用必要的施工机械
和运输车辆，并安排与施工项目相适应的施工天窗。
Article 1.0.5 Integrated maintenance centers shall propose plans and an overhaul scheme for overhaul
of track equipment, assume the specific tasks, employ the necessary construction machinery and
transportation vehicles, and arrange the construction window appropriate to the construction project.
线路设备维修应实行检修分开的管理体制。
The management system with inspection and repair separated shall be implemented for repair of track
equipment.
第 1.0.6 条线路设备修理工作应遵守本规则。本规则未作规定的，维保部可根据需要自行规定，并报运维
公司。
Article 1.0.6 Repair of track equipment shall follow these regulations. For anything not covered herein,
the Repair & Maintenance Department may stipulate on its own according to its needs, and report the
same to the Project Office.
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第 1.0.7 条本规则适用于 1435mm 标准轨距和线路允许速度为 120km／h 及以下的线路。

Article 1.0.7 These regulations are applicable to 1435 mm standard gauge and lines with allowable
speeds at 120 km/h or lower speed.
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Chapter II Contents and Organization of track equipment Maintenance Work
Section I Work classification
Article 2.1.1 Classification of track equipment overhaul:
I. Line overhaul
A line with tracks subject to fatigue damage and nonconforming rail profile and being unable to meet the
requirements of railway transportation must be overhauled (by replacing the rails throughout the line).
II. Replacement with reusable rails (repaired rails) in entire section
III. Replacement of switch and turnout sleeper in group
IV. Replacement of concrete sleepers in entire section
V. Crossing overhaul
VI. Fence overhaul
VII. Other overhauls (overhaul items of track equipment not covered above are classified as other
overhaul).
VIII. Medium repair of line
In an overhaul cycle of line, if the ballast bed is seriously hardened or smudged, and its flexibility cannot
meet the requirements of railway transportation, a medium repair of line shall be carried out.
subgrade, ballast and ballast bed subject to minor contamination and having been maintained with large
road maintenance machinery in cycles as scheduled, if ballast shoulder cleaning can be carried out as
planned, the medium repair of line shall be canceled.
Article 2.1.2 In the case of variation of other equipment due to overhaul of track equipment, the Repair &
Maintenance Department shall make collective arrangement in the corresponding overhaul plan.
Article 2.1.3 Classification of track equipment repair:
I. Comprehensive repair
Refer to periodic and schedule comprehensive repair of line focusing on the comprehensive
improvement of track flexibility, the adjustment of rail geometrical dimensions and the replacement and
refitting of failed parts and components that is carried out mainly with large road maintenance machinery
according to the variation rules and characteristics of line, so as to restore the intact technical state of
the line.
II. Regular maintenance
Refer to scheduled and prioritized regular maintenance of line that is carried out mainly with road
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maintenance machinery according to variations of the line, so as to main the line quality at an equilibrium
state.
III. Temporary repair
Refer to temporary repair of geometrical dimensions of line exceeding the allowable deviations for
temporary repair and other defective places in a timely manner that is carried out mainly with small road
maintenance machinery, so as to ensure the safety and stability of train operation.
Section II Work contents
Article 2.2.1 The main work for track replacement overhaul of ordinary lines includes:
I. Ballast bed cleaning, ballast supplement, improvement of ballast bed cross section, treatment of
mud-pumping from subgrade bed.
II. Calibration and improvement of profile and plane of line.
III. Replacement of failed sleeper and seriously damaged concrete sleeper, and supplementation of
configured sleeper.
IV. Entire replacement with new rails, connecting parts, insulation joints and rail bonds, and replacement
of nonconforming guard rail.
V. Replacement with new switch and turnout sleeper in group.
VI. Installation of rail reinforcing device.
VII. Repair of shoulder and subgrade surface drainage slopes, clearing of side ditches, and removal of
spoils at cutting slope.
VIII. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment.
IX. Raising the switch and bridge which need to be raised due to rail replacement, and heightening the
debris-retaining wall.
X. Supplementation, repair and repainting of various track signs and signal signs managed by
maintenance department.
XI. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.
Article 2.2.2 The main work of replacement with reusable rail (repaired rail) in entire section includes:
I. Replacement with reusable rails (repaired rails), connecting parts, insulation joints and rail bonds,
and replacement of nonconforming guard rail.
II. Replacement of failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers;

III. Repair of line and installation of rail reinforcing device;
IV. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment;
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V. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.
Article 2.2.3 The main work of medium repair of line includes:
I. Ballast bed cleaning, ballast supplement, improvement of ballast bed cross section, treatment of
mud-pumping from subgrade bed.
II. Calibration and improvement of profile and plane of line.
III. Replacement of failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers.
IV. Replacement of rails with developing minor damage, and replacement of failed connecting parts.
V. Uniform adjustment of rail gap, and bolt lubrication.

VI. Repair of shoulder and subgrade surface drainage slopes, clearing of side ditches, and removal of
spoils at cutting slope.
VII. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment.
VIII. Supplementation, repair and repainting of various track signs and signal signs managed by
maintenance department.
IX. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.
Article 2.2.4 The main work of replacement of switch and turnout sleeper in group includes:
I. Laying of new switch and turnout sleepers.
II. Replacement of ballast.
III. Repair of switch and lines before and after the switch, and proper arrangement for drainage.
IV. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.
Article 2.2.5 The main work of replacement of concrete sleeper in entire section includes:
I. Entire replacement of concrete sleepers and fasteners, bolt lubrication, and repair of reusable rail
screw spikes.
II. Ballast bed cleaning, ballast supplement, and treatment of mud-pumping from subgrade bed.
III. Line repair.
IV. Repair of shoulder, crossing and its drainage equipment.
V. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.
Article 2.2.6 The main work of crossing overhaul includes:

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I. Repair of level stretch of grade crossing.
II. Replacement of grade crossing pavement and guard rail.
III. Improvement of protective equipment.
IV. Ballast bed cleaning, replacement of failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers, and
repair of line and drainage equipment.
V. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.
Article 2.2.7 The main work of separation fence overhaul includes:
I. Replacement of separation fence net.
II. Replacement or repair of posts of separation fence.
III. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.
Article 2.2.8 The basic work of comprehensive repair of line and switch includes:
I. Track lifting, lining and gauging according to the state of line and switch, and comprehensive tamping.
In sections with concrete sleepers, remove all height adjusting tie plates before tamping.
II. Adjust various dimensions of railway and switch, and correct curves.
III. Cleaning of ballast bed and side slope with dirty crib, treatment of mud-pumping at ballast bed,
supplementation of ballast, and ballast bed trimming.
IV. Replacement, alignment and repair of sleep.
V. Adjustment of rail gap, repair, replacement and supplementation of rail reinforcing device, treatment
of excessive joint gap, and line and switch fastening.
VI. Rail straightening and polishing, and comprehensive treatment of joint damage.
VII. Scheduled preventive or maintenance grinding of rail and switch.
VIII. Repair, replacement and supplementation of connecting parts, and scheduled lubrication.
IX. Repair of shoulder, drainage equipment dredging, and clearing of weeds in ballast and grass on
shoulder.
X. Repair, supplementation and repainting of track signs, repair of crossing and its drainage equipment,
and collection of old materials.
XI. Prevention and treatment of other damages.
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第 2.2.9 条线路、道岔经常保养基本内容：
Article 2.2.9 The basic work of regular maintenance of line and switch includes:
一、根据轨道几何尺寸超过经常保养容许偏差管理值的状态，成段整修线路。
I. Repair of entire section of line according to the state of rail geometrical dimensions exceeding the
allowable deviations for regular maintenance.
二、整治道床翻浆冒泥，均匀道碴，整理道床。
II. Treatment of mud-pumping at ballast bed, even distribution of ballast, and ballast bed trimming.
三、更换和修理轨枕。
III. Replacement and repair of sleepers.
四、调整轨缝，锁定线路。
IV. Adjustment of rail gap, and line fastening.
五、打磨钢轨，整治接头病害。
V. Rail polishing, and treatment of joint damage.
六、有计划地成段整修扣件，螺栓涂油。
VI. Scheduled repair of fasteners and lubrication of bolts in entire section.
七、更换伤损钢轨。
VII. Replacement of damaged rail.
八、整修道口，疏通排水设备，清除道床杂草和路肩大草。
VIII. Repair of crossing, drainage equipment dredging, and clearing of weeds in ballast and grass on
shoulder.
九、季节性工作、周期短于综合维修的其他单项工作。
IX. Seasonal work and other individual work with cycle shorter thanintegrated repair.
第 2.2.10 条线路、道岔临时补修主要内容：
Article 2.2.10 The main work of temporary repair of line and switch includes:
一、整修轨道几何尺寸超过临时补修容许偏差管理值的处所。
I. Repair of rails where the geometrical dimensions exceeding the allowable deviations for temporary
repair.
二、更换(或处理)折断、重伤钢轨及桥上、隧道内轻伤钢轨。
II. Replacement (or treatment) of broken and seriously damaged rails and slightly damaged rails on
bridge and in tunnel.
三、更换达到更换标准的伤损夹板，更换折断的接头螺栓、道岔护轨螺栓、钢枕立柱螺栓等。
III. Replacement of damaged joint bar reaching the replacement criterion, and replacement of broken
track bolt, switch guard rail bolt, steel tie post bolt, etc.
四、调整严重不良轨缝。
IV. Adjustment of severely deviated rail gap.
五、疏通严重淤塞的排水设备，处理严重冲刷的路肩和道床。
V. Dredging of seriously blocked drainage equipment, and treatment of shoulder and ballast bed subject
to severe erosion.
六、整修严重不良的道口设备。
VI. Repair of crossing equipment with major defect.
七、其他需要临时补修的工作。
VII. Other work requiring temporary repair.
第三节管理组织
Section III Management organization
第 2.3.1 条线路设备大修施工管理组织。
Article 2.3.1 Construction management organization for track equipment overhaul
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线路设备大修由维保部下达施工计划，综合维修中心负责管理，维修车间负责实施。
The Repair & Maintenance Department issues construction schemes for track equipment overhaul,
integrated maintenance centers are in charge of management, and the repair workshop is responsible
for implementation.
第 2.3.2 条线路设备大修施工组织设计。
Article 2.3.2 Construction organization design for track equipment overhaul
综合维修中心依据设计文件进行现场调查和施工测量，研究制定施工方案，并报维保部批准；综合维修中
心按工程件名及批准的施工计划编制施工组织设计，并报维保部批准。施工组织设计的主要内容如下：
Integrated maintenance centers shall, according to the design documents, carry out field investigation
and construction survey, study and prepare a construction scheme, and report the same to the Repair &
Maintenance Department for approval; the Integrated Maintenance Center, according to the project
name and the approved construction scheme, prepare the construction organization design, and report
the same to the Repair & Maintenance Department for approval. The main contents of construction
organization design are as follows:
一、设备现状。
I. Current equipment conditions.
二、施工技术条件和技术标准。
II. Construction technical conditions and technical standards.
三、工程数量及材料供应。
III. Quantities of work and material supply.
四、施工方法、劳动组织、机具使用和施工配合。
IV. Construction method, organization of manpower, usage of equipment and tools, and construction
cooperation.
五、非工务专业配合事项。
V. Cooperation issues for non-maintenance disciplines.
六、按工序编制施工进度图表。
VI. Construction progress chart prepared according to the process.
七、保证施工安全、质量和进度的措施。
VII. Measures to ensure safety, quality and progress.
八、施工临时设施。
VIII. Temporary construction facilities.
第 2.3.3 条线路设备大修施工管理。
Article 2.3.3 Construction management of track equipment overhaul
线路设备大修施工必须认真贯彻执行安全第一、预防为主的方针，严格执行各项施工作业标准，科学组织
施工，确保施工安全、质量和进度。
The policy of safety priority and prevention first must be implemented for track equipment overhaul, and
during overhaul, various construction standards shall be strictly carried out and the construction shall be
organized in a scientific way, to ensure the construction safety, quality and progress.
一、维修车间应按照设计文件、有关技术标准和施工工艺流程组织施工，合理控制施工和慢行长度。
I. The repair workshop shall organize the construction in accordance with design documents, relevant
technical standards and construction process, to reasonably control the construction and the
slow-moving length.
二、综合维修中心应派人深入现场，加强领导，落实安全责任制。
II. Integrated maintenance centers shall assign personnel to the site to strengthen the leadership and
implement the safety responsible system.
三、线路设备大修施工实行安全监督制度。综合维修中心应对施工全过程进行监督，发现施工安全隐患及
质量问题时应立即纠正，危及行车安全时停止施工。
III. The safety supervision system shall be implemented for the construction of track equipment overhaul.
Integrated maintenance centers shall supervise the whole process of construction, correct the potential
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construction safety hazards and quality problems immediately upon identification, and stop the
construction if the train operation safety is endangered.
四、维修车间必须建立以下制度：
IV. The repair workshop must establish the following system:
1.施工三检制——在每次开工前、施工中和线路开通前，施工负责人应组织有关人员分别按分工地段对施
工准备、施工作业方法和线路设备状态进行检查。
1. Three-construction-inspection system - Prior to each time of commencement, during construction and
before putting a line into operation, the construction manager shall organize relevant personnel to
inspect the construction preparations, the construction methods and the track equipment state by
section.
2.巡查养护制——施工现场应设置巡养人员，对施工地段进行巡查和养护，发现并及时消除危及行车安全
的处所。
2. Patrol and maintenance system - Patrol personnel shall be designated at construction site for patrol
and maintenance of construction sections and to identify and eliminate any hazards that may endanger
the safety of train operation in a timely manner.
3.工序交接制——前一工序应给后一工序打好基础，在前一工序完成后，应由施工负责人组织工序负责人
进行交接。
3. Process handover system - The previous process shall place a foundation for the next process, and
after the completion of the previous procedure, the construction manager shall organize the process
responsible personnel for handover.
4.岗前培训制度——新工人上岗前必须经过安全教育和技术培训，经考试合格方准上岗。采用新工艺、使
用新设备时，必须首先制定安全保证措施和操作规程，并对职工培训后方准进行操作和调试。
4. Pre-job training system - Prior to work, new workers must accept the safety education and technical
training, and can work only after passing the exam. To adopt a new process or employ new equipment,
safety guarantee measures and operation instructions must be prepared in advance, and operation and
commissioning can be carried out only after employees are trained.
5.安全检查分析制度——施工安全工作应抓早、抓小、抓苗头、抓薄弱环节，应定期加强检查，重点加强
季节性、节假日和工地转移前后的检查，及时消除隐患。应组织开展事故预想活动，预防事故的发生。对
事故苗头和事故应及时分析、处理，吸取教训。
5. Safety inspection and analysis system - The management of construction safety shall, in a
preemptive way, be started from small and weak links and from potential signs, and seasonal
inspections and inspection during holidays and before and after movement of construction site shall be
enhanced, to eliminate potential hazards. Organize to carry out accident anticipation activities to prevent
accidents from happening. Analyze and handle signs of accident and accidents in time to learn lessons.
第 2.3.4 条线路设备大修施工机械管理。
Article 2.3.4 Construction machinery management for track equipment overhaul
综合维修中心应建立健全各种施工、运输和装卸机械的管理制度，加强设备台账和技术档案的管理，实行
岗位责任制，严格执行设备检修保养制度，保证配件储备，提高设备完好率。
Integrated maintenance centers shall establish and complete the management system for various
construction, transportation and handling machineries, enhance the management of standing book and
technical archives of equipment, and strictly implement the equipment servicing and maintenance
system, to ensure the stock of parts and improve the serviceability rate of equipment.
第 2.3.5 条线路设备大修材料管理。
Article 2.3.5 Material management for track equipment overhaul
1.维修车间应建立健全材料管理制度，不得使用质量、规格不符合标准或出厂证件不符合要求的材料。
1. The repair workshop shall establish and complete the material management system, and shall not use
any material of nonconforming quality and specification or with manufacturer documents not as required.
2.材料应及时清点入库，堆码整齐，采取必要措施防止丢失或损坏。
2. Materials shall be counted and warehoused in time, and piled tidily, and necessary measures must be
taken to prevent losing or damage.
9
3.下道旧料应及时回收，做到工完料净。
3. Old materials dismantled from railway shall be recovered in a timely manner, and materials shall be
cleared from site upon completion of work.
4.应按规定办理材料的收发、运送、使用和交接手续。
4. Materials shall be received, delivered, transported, used and handed over in accordance with
requirements.
第 2.3.6 条线路设备维修管理组织。
Article 2.3.6 Management organization for track equipment repair.
维保部的管辖范围：埃塞俄比亚 SEBETA-吉布提 DAWANLE，全线长 751.7km，其中 SEBETA 至 ADAMA
段为双线段，长 113km；ADAMA 至 DJIBOUTI 港区段为单线段，长 638.7km。
Work scope of Repair & Maintenance Department: SEBETA (Ethiopia) - DAWANLE (Djibouti) Railway is
751.7 km long in total, where SEBETA-ADAMA section is a double track section and 113 km long;
ADAMA-DJIBOUTI section is a single track section and 638.7 km long.
INDODE 综合维修中心的管辖范围：SEBETA-MIESO。
Work scope of INDODE Integrated Maintenance Center: SEBETA-MIESO.
NAGAD 综合维修中心的管辖范围：MIESO-NAGAD。
Work scope of NAGAD Integrated Maintenance Center: MIESO-NAGAD.
INDODE 综合维修中心下设四个维修车间，INDODE 维修车间、ADAMA 维修车间、METEHARA 维修车
间及 MIESO 维修车间，车间的管辖范围根据线路状况由综合维修中心划分。
INDODE integrated maintenance center has four repair workshops, which are INDODE repair workshop,
ADAMA repair workshop, METEHARA repair workshop and MIESO repair workshop, and the work
scopes of the workshops are to be divided by the integrated maintenance center according to the line
conditions.
NAGAD 综合维修中心下设四个维修车间，NAGAD 维修车间、ADLGALA 维修车间、DEWENLE 维修车
间及 DIREDAWA 维修车间，车间的管辖范围根据线路状况由综合维修中心划分。
NAGAD integrated maintenance center has four repair workshops, which are NAGAD repair workshop,
ADLGALA repair workshop, DEWENLE repair workshop and DIREDAWA repair workshop, and the work
scopes of the workshops are to be divided by the integrated maintenance center according to the line
conditions.
第 2.3.7 条线路设备维修实行检修分开制度。
Article 2.3.7 Inspection-repair separation system is implemented for track equipment repair.
检修分开的基本原则是实行专业检查和机械化集中修理，实现检查与维修的异体监督。
The basic principle for inspection-repair separation system is to conduct specialized inspections and
centralized mechanical repair, to realize cross supervision for inspection and repair.
巡检工区应按规定的项目和周期进行设备检查分析，并及时传递检查信息；维修车间负责安全生产的组织
实施；线路工区主要负责线路设备巡查、临时补修、故障处理、综合维修、配合大机维修作业和经常保养，
大型养路机械的维修保养、工具制作、修理及线路配件修理等工作。
Equipment inspection and analysis shall be performed at construction patrol zone according to the
specified items and period, and the inspection information shall be transmitted in time; the repair
workshop is responsible for the organization and implementation of work safety; construction zones of
the line are responsible for track equipment patrol, temporary repair, fault treatment, comprehensive
repair, cooperation for repair operations with large-sized machine and regular maintenance, repair and
maintenance of large road maintenance machinery, tool fabrication, repair of line parts, etc.
第 2.3.8 条凡影响行车的线路施工、维修作业均应在天窗内进行，用于线路大、中修及大型养路机械作业
的施工天窗不少于 180min，维修天窗根据维修作业需要合理安排，并应做到综合利用，平行作业。
Article 2.3.8 Line construction and repair operations affecting train operation shall be carried out within
the window, the construction window for overhaul, medium repair and large road maintenance
machinery operation shall not be less than 180min, and the repair window shall be reasonably arranged
with parallel operations by way of comprehensive utilization according to the requirements of repair
operations.
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第四节工作计划
Section IV Work plan
第 2.4.1 条线路设备大修施工计划。
Article 2.4.1 Construction plan for track equipment overhaul
一、线路设备大修施工必须编制年度和月度施工计划。施工计划由维修车间编制，编制完成后提报上级单
位批准后实施。
I. Annual and monthly construction plans must be prepared for the construction of track equipment
overhaul. Construction plans shall be prepared by the repair workshop, submitted to the superior unit
and implemented after its approval.
二、线路设备大修施工必须以正式批准的设计文件和施工计划为依据。封锁线路或限制行车速度的施工和
工程列车运行、道碴运输等，均应纳入运营公司的运输方案。
II. The construction of track equipment overhaul must be based on the officially approved design
documents and construction plans. Construction that requires blocking of line or restriction of running
speed, operation of engineering train, transportation of ballast, etc. shall be included in the transportation
scheme of the operating company.
三、线路设备大修时维修车间应向综合维修中心提报月度施工计划。
III. During track equipment overhaul, the repair workshop shall submit monthly construction plans to the
Integrated Maintenance Center.
四、线路设备大修，尽量在每年四季度完成。
IV. Track equipment overhaul shall be completed in the last quarter of each year as long as possible.
第 2.4.2 条线路设备维修计划。
Article 2.4.2 track equipment repair plan.
一、综合维修中心应根据维保部下达的年度计划，编制月计划，下达各维修车间。其主要内容包括：线路、
道岔综合维修数量；经常保养工作的重点安排；各项技术指标；劳力和主要材料计划。
I. Integrated maintenance centers shall, according to the annual plan issued by the Repair &
Maintenance Department, prepare monthly plans, and issue to each repair workshop. The contents of
monthly plans shall include: number of lines and switches for comprehensive repair; key work
arrangement for regular maintenance; technical indexes; plan of manpower and main materials.
线路设备状态和线路保养质量的主要技术指标：
The main technical indexes for track equipment state and line maintenance quality include:
1.线路设备状态评定合格率；
1. State evaluation acceptance rate of track equipment;
2.线路保养质量评定合格率；
2. Quality evaluation acceptance rate of track equipment;
3.道岔保养质量评定合格率；
3. Maintenance quality evaluation acceptance rate of switch;
4.轨道检查车检测质量合格率。
4. Inspection quality acceptance rate of track inspection car.
月计划主要内容包括：
The main contents of monthly plan shall include:
1.综合维修及经常保养的主要项目、数量、地点、材料和人工数。
1. Main items, quantity and location of and materials and manpower for comprehensive repair and
regular maintenance.
2.工作量调查、验收的人工数。
2. Investigation of workload and accepted manpower.
3.日常巡查的主要内容、材料和人工数。
3. Main contents of and materials and manpower for routine patrol.
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4.临时补修人工数。
4. Manpower for temporary repair.
5.天窗计划。
5. Window plan.
二、巡检工区应根据有关规定和要求编制月度检查计划。其主要内容包括：
II. Construction patrol zones shall, according relevant provisions and requirements, prepare monthly
inspection plans. The main contents of the plans shall include:
1.检查的项目、范围、数量及时间。
1. Items, scope, quantity and time of inspection.
2.使用的仪器、量具、材料和人工数。
2. Instruments, measuring implements, materials and manpower to be used.
三、各工区的日作业计划，由各工区长负责调查与编制。
III. Daily operation plans of each construction zone shall be investigated and prepared by the supervisor
of each construction zone.
第 2.4.3 条在线路设备维修计划中，应根据线路设备条件和状态。结合季节特点，合理安排综合维修、经
常保养和重点工作。
Article 2.4.3 In repair plans of track equipment, comprehensive repair, regular maintenance and key
work shall be reasonably arranged according to the conditions and states of track equipment and in
combination with seasonal features.
日常应全面掌握线路状态，根据线路动静态检查、设备病害和其他质量情况，安排经常保养和临时补修。
Line state shall be comprehensively grasped in routine work, and regular maintenance and temporary
repair shall be arranged according to static and dynamic inspections, equipment damage and other
quality conditions of line.
维保部可在不同季节根据线路具体情况，对经常保养的重点要求和工作进度以及检查办法，临时做出规定。
The Repair & Maintenance Department may, according to the specific conditions of line in different
seasons, prescribe temporary provisions on key requirements and inspection methods for and progress
of regular maintenance.
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第三章线路设备标准和修理要求
Chapter III Criteria and Repair Requirements for track equipment
第一节路基
Section I Subgrade
第 3.1.1 条路基及其排水、防护和加固设备，应符合《普速铁路路基维修规则》的规定，并保持稳固和完
好状态。路基面应保持横向排水畅通。
Article 3.1.1 Subgrade and its drainage, protection and reinforcing equipment shall meet the
requirements of the Regulations on the Repair of Normal Speed Railway Subgrade, and be maintained
at the stable and intact state. Latitudinal drainage shall be maintained on subgrade surface.
第 3.1.2 条路肩宽度：路堤、路堑路肩宽度一般为 1.0m。
Article 3.1.2 Shoulder width: the width of embankment, cutting and shoulder is generally 1.0 m.
第 3.1.3 条
Article 3.1.3
一、排水沟
I. Drainage ditch
一般情况下路堤排水沟截面采用底宽 0.4m，高 0.6m 的梯形截面。排水沟在地面横坡明显地段，一般在上
方一侧设置。地面横坡不明显地段，一般在路基两侧设置。排水设备的纵坡一般不小于 2‰。排水坡长于
500m 的排水沟，底宽采用 0.6m。
In general, the cross section of embankment drainage ditch shall be 0.4 m wide (bottom) and 0.6 m high
trapezoidal section. In sections with apparent slope on ground, drainage ditch is generally set at the
upper side. In sections without apparent slope on ground, drainage ditch is generally set on both sides of
subgrade. In general, the gradient for drainage equipment shall not be less than 2‰. For drainage
ditches with drainage slope longer than 500 m, the bottom shall be 0.6 m wide.
排水沟一般地段不采用浆砌片石加固，为保护坡脚一般在两侧路堤坡脚设置不小于 2m 宽护道。填方小于
2.5m 低矮路堤地段，排水沟采用浆砌片石加固。
Common sections of drainage ditch are not reinforced with mortar rubble, and a berm with width no less
than 2 m is generally set at the toe of slope of embankment on both sides to protect the toe. In low
embankment sections with filling height less than 2.5 m, drainage ditch is reinforced with mortar rubber.
二、侧沟和天沟
II. Side ditch and gutter
侧沟断面形状一般采用 0.4m×0.8m 的梯形沟。侧沟深度一般不小于基床换填厚度以下 0.2m。挖方长度大
于 500m 段落的沟底宽度采用 0.6m。天沟在地面横坡明显地段，一般在上方一侧设置。路堑边坡低凹处，
当不能利用天沟引排地表水时，必须设置吊沟或急流槽。
The sectional form of side ditch shall generally be 0.4m×0.8m trapezoidal. The depth of side ditch shall
generally not be 0.2 m less than the replacement thickness of subgrade bed. For sections with
excavation length greater than 500 m, the width at bottom of ditch shall be 0.6 m. In sections with
apparent slope on ground, gutter is generally set at the upper side. Where drainage of surface cannot be
facilitated through gutter at low-laying places of cutting slope, a suspended ditch or chute must be set.
土质挖方地段侧沟一般采用浆砌片石加固；非膨胀土浅挖方地段，根据地形、排水坡度和路堑长度，可考
虑设置路堤式路堑，降低侧沟强度。天沟根据地形、地质情况采用必要的浆砌片石加固。膨胀土地段天沟
采用浆砌片石加固。
Side ditches in geological excavation sections are generally reinforced with mortar rubber; embankment
cutting may be considered according to landform, drainage gradient and cutting length in low excavation
sections with non-expansive soil. Where necessary, mortar rubber shall be used to reinforce the gutter
as the landform and geological conditions may require. Gutter in expansive-soil section shall be
reinforced with mortar rubber.
天沟距堑顶距离一般不应小于 5m。
In general, the distance between gutter and cutting top shall not be less than 5 m.
三、改沟
III. Ditch relocation
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一般沟渠的改移，可根据外业调查的水文、地质等资料及铁路主体工程的位置，综合考虑确定其改移位置。
改移断面一般应根据流量计算确定并不得小于原沟渠截面，注意两端与原沟顺接。对复杂的较大的改移沟
渠，应根据水文资料，采用 1/50 洪水频率进行必要的水力计算并加 0.2m 的安全高确定改沟截面尺寸。
In general, the relocation of ditch may be determined by comprehensively considering the hydrological
and geological information obtained through field survey and the location of main works of railway. The
cross section at the relocated place shall generally be determined through discharge calculation, and
shall not be smaller than that of the former ditch, and attentions shall be paid to connection at both ends
of the relocated ditch with the former ditch. For the relocation of complicated and large ditch, its cross
section dimensions shall, on the basis of hydrological information, be determined through necessary
hydrological calculation with 1/50 flood frequency plug 0.2 m safety height.
排水设备应经常进行整修和清理，保持设备完好，流水畅通。清理或开挖出来的泥土等杂物应及时运走，
不得弃置于沟边或路堑边坡上。
Drainage equipment shall be regularly maintained and cleaned to keep the intactness and smooth flow
of the equipment. Sundries cleared or excavated like soil, etc. shall be moved out in a timely manner,
and shall not be disposed by ditch or on cutting slope.
第 3.1.4 条路堤地段电缆槽位于路堤坡脚外侧靠近排水沟处，均采用直埋式,在路基施工完成埋置电缆槽后
要求回填密实，不得影响路基稳定。路堑地段电缆槽位于侧沟平台的位置，与侧沟同步施工，路堑墙与石
质路堑地段，电缆沟槽与路基本体同步施工。电缆沟槽开挖后，应回填夯实，防止雨水下渗。
Article 3.1.4 In embankment sections, cable trough shall be located near drainage ditch outside the toe
of embankment, and shall be buried. After being buried during construction of subgrade, cable trough
shall be backfilled solidly, and shall not affect the stability of subgrade. In cutting sections, cable trough
shall be located at platform of side ditch, and be constructed at the same time as side ditch. In cutting
wall and geological cutting sections, cable trough shall be constructed together with the main body of
subgrade. After excavation, cable trough shall be backfilled and compacted to prevent the seepage of
rainwater.
第二节道床
Section II Ballast bed
第 3.2.1 条线路大、中修时，必须清筛道床，补充道碴，并对基床翻浆冒泥地段进行整治。枕下道床厚度
应符合表 3.2.1 的规定。
Article 3.2.1 During overhaul and medium repair of line, ballast bed must be cleaned, ballast must be
supplemented, and mud-pumping at subgrade sections must be treated. The thickness of ballast bed
below sleeper shall conform to that given in Table 3.2.1.
道床厚度(mm)标准表 3.2.1
Ballast thickness (mm) criteria Table 3.2.1
五年内年计划通过总重(Mt) W 年＜15
W 年≥50 50>W 年≥25 25>W 年≥15
Gross weight planned to pass within five
W year≥50 50>W year≥25 25>W year≥15 W year＜15
years (Mt)
无垫层的碎一般路基
450 450 400 350
石道床 Common subgrade
Gravel
ballast bed 不易风化的岩石、碎石路基
without Weathering unlikely rock and 350 350 300 300
cushion gravel subgrade
有垫层的碎石道床(碎石／垫层)
Gravel ballast bed with cushion 300／200 300／200 250／200 250／200
(gravel/cushion)
有碴桥面上
的碎石道床
Gravel υmax≤120km／h 250
ballast bed
on ballasted
deck
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注：有垫层时碎石道床厚度不得小于 300mm，垫层厚度不得小于 200mm。

Note: When there is a cushion, the thickness of gravel ballast bed shall not be less than 300 mm, and
the cushion thickness shall not be below 200 mm.
线路大、中修后，无底砟的碎石道床，枕下清碴厚度应清筛至路基面，并做好排水坡。
After overhaul and medium repair of line, the cleaning thickness below sleeper at gravel ballast bed
without subgrade shall reach the subgrade surface, and a drainage slope shall also be prepared.
运量小、允许速度低的线路或在隧道内、桥梁上和车站内受建筑物限制时，可酌情降低道床厚度。但正线
不得小于 250mm。站线不得小于 200mm。
For lines of small traffic capacity or low allowable speed or lines in tunnel, on bridge or at station which
are restricted by structures, the thickness of ballast bed may be appropriately reduced. But it shall not be
less than 250 mm for main line, and 200 mm for station track.
第 3.2.2 条道床顶面宽度及边坡坡度应符合表 3.2.2 的规定。
Article 3.2.2 The width at ballast bed top and the gradient of side slope shall conform to those given in
Table 3.2.2.
道床尺寸参数表表 3.2.2
Ballast bed dimension parameters Table 3.2.2
项目正线
Items Main line
新Ⅱ型混凝土枕地段
3.1m Section with new Type II
单线道床顶宽 concrete sleepers
Ballast bed top width for single track line 新Ⅲ型混凝土桥枕地段
3.2m Section with new Type III
concrete bridge sleepers
土质路基面砟 25cm+底砟 20cm
Soil subgrade Top ballast 25 cm + subballast 20 cm
渗水土路基和硬质岩石路基
30cm
Permeable soil subgrade and hard rock subgrade
桥梁
≥25cm
Bridge
道床边坡
1：1.75
Ballast bed side slope
轨底处道床顶面应低于轨枕顶面 20～30mm。Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型混凝土枕中部道床可不掏空，但应保持疏松。
The top of ballast bed at rail bottom shall be 20~30 mm lower than the top of sleeper. The ballast bed
between Types II and III concrete sleepers may not be emptied, but shall be loosened.
第 3.2.3 条线路修理补充的道碴应采用一级道碴。碎石道碴粒径级配见表 3.2.3。
Article 3.2.3 Class 1 ballast shall be used for ballast supplementation during line repair. See Table 3.2.3
for the particle size gradation of gravel ballast.
道碴粒径级配表 3.2.3
Particle size gradation of gravel ballast Table 3.2.3
方孔筛孔边长(mm)
25 35.5 45 56 63
Grain size (mm)
过筛质量百分率(％)
Percentage of passing 0～5 25～40 55～75 92～97 97～100
mass (%)
第 3.2.4 条道床应保持饱满、均匀和整齐，并应根据；道床不洁程度有计划地进行清筛，保持道床弹性和
排水良好。
15
Article 3.2.4 Ballast bed shall be kept saturated, uniform and tidy, and be scheduled for cleaning
according to its dirty level, to maintain the flexibility and effective drainage of ballast bed.
第 3.2.5 条道床应按规定保持密实，防止轨枕空吊、道床翻浆。
Article 3.2.5 Ballast bed shall be kept compacted to prevent suspension of sleeper and mud scum at
ballast bed.
第三节轨枕
Section III Sleeper
第 3.3.1 条线路上的轨枕类型及配置根数，应根据运量、线路允许速度及线路设备条件等确定。普通线路
换轨大修前期工程，应将失效的轨枕和严重伤损的混凝土枕更换掉。
Article 3.3.1 The type and number of sleepers on a line shall be determined according to traffic capacity,
allowable speed and equipment conditions of line, etc. During the preliminary work of track replacement
of ordinary railway, failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers shall be replaced.
第 3.3.2 条一般地段轨枕采用新Ⅱ型混凝土枕，铺设护轮轨的地段采用新Ⅲ型混凝土桥枕。铺设新Ⅱ型混
凝土枕地段，一般地段按 1680 根/km 铺设；曲线半径等于 800m 地段（含两端缓和曲线），坡度大于 12‰
的地段，轨枕每公里增加 80 根，上述条件重合时，铺设数量只增加一次。铺设新Ⅲ型混凝土桥枕地段轨
枕按 1680 根/km 铺设。扣件采用弹条 I 型扣件。
Article 3.3.2 New Type II concrete sleeper shall be used for common sections, and new Type III
concrete bridge sleepers shall be used for sections laid with guard rail. In sections to be laid with new
Type II concrete sleeper, the number of sleepers shall be 1680 per kilometer in ordinary zones, the
number shall be increased by 80 per kilometer in zones with a curve radius of 800 m (including transition
curves at both ends) and with gradient over 12‰, and where the above conditions are both met, the
number shall be increased only once. In sections to be laid with new Type III concrete bridge sleeper,
the number of sleepers to be laid shall be 1680 per kilometer. Fasteners shall be Type I spring clip
fastening.
第 3.3.3 条普通线路的轨枕间距见表 3.3.3—1。
Article 3.3.3 See Table 3.3.3-1 for sleeper pitches of ordinary railway.
普通线路的轨枕间距表 3.3.3—1
Sleeper pitch of ordinary railway Table 3.3.3-1
每千米配置根数混凝土枕(mm)
每节钢轨配置根数
轨型钢轨长度(m) Number of Concrete sleeper (mm)
Number of sleepers
Rail type Rail length (m) sleepers per
per rail link c b a
kilometer
1600 20 540 587 635
12.5 1680 21 540 584 600
1760 22 540 569 570
50kg／m
1600 40 540 579 630
25.0 1680 42 540 573 598
1760 44 540 549 570
注：轨枕间距计算方法见附录二。
Note: See Appendix II for the calculation method of sleeper pitch.
非标准长度钢轨的轨枕配置根数和间距，比照表 3.3.3—1 的规定，通过计算采用接近值，但 a 值不得比标
准大 20mm。
As for the number of sleepers for and pitch of rails of non-standard length, an approximate shall be used
through calculation in reference to those given in Table 3.3.3-1, but the value of a shall not be 20 mm
larger than that of standard rail.
第 3.3.4 条应保持正线及到发线接头轨枕无失效，其他处所无连续失效(含岔枕)。轨枕失效及混凝土枕严
重伤损标准如下：
Article 3.3. 4 Sleepers at joints of main line and arrival-departure track shall be ensured to be failure free,
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and sleepers at other places shall be ensured to be free of consecutive failure (including turnout sleeper).
The criteria for sleeper failure and serious damage of concrete sleeper are as follows:
一、轨枕失效标准
I. Sleeper failure criteria
(一)混凝土枕(含混凝土岔枕及短轨枕)
(I) Concrete sleeper (including concrete turnout sleeper and short-rail sleeper)
1.明显折断。
1. Obvious breakage.
2.纵向通裂：
2. Longitudinal through crack:
(1)挡肩顶角处缝宽大于 1.5mm；
(1) The crack at shoulder apex angle is more than 1.5 mm wide;
(2)纵向水平裂缝基本贯通(缝宽大于 0.5mm)。
(2) There's a basically through latitudinal crack (with width over 0.5 mm).
3.横裂(或斜裂)接近环状裂纹(残余裂缝宽度超过 0.5mm 或长度超过 2／3 枕高)。
3. A latitudinal crack (or oblique crack) is close to a circular crack (with the remaining crack width
exceeding 0.5 mm or the length exceeding 2/3 of sleeper height).
4.挡肩破损，接近失去支承能力(破损长度超过挡肩长度的 1／2)。
4. The shoulder is damaged and nearly loses the bearing capacity (the damaged length exceeds 1/2 of
shoulder length).
5.严重掉块。
5. Serious spalling.
二、混凝土枕严重伤损标准
II. Serious damage criteria for concrete sleeper
1.横裂裂缝长度为枕高的 1／2～2／3。
1. The length of latitudinal crack is 1/2~2/3 of sleeper height.
2.纵裂：
2. Longitudinal crack:
(1)两螺栓孔间纵裂(挡肩顶角处缝宽不大于 1.5mm)；
(1) There's a longitudinal crack between two bolt holes (the crack at shoulder apex angle is not more
than 1.5 mm wide);
(2)纵向水平裂缝基本贯通(缝宽不大于 0.5mm)。
(2) There's a basically through longitudinal crack (with width not exceeding0.5 mm).
3.挡肩破损长度为挡肩长度的 1／3～1／2。
3. The damaged length of shoulder exceeds 1/3~1/2 of shoulder length.
4.严重网状龟裂和掉块。
4. There's serious reticular cracking and spalling.
5.承轨槽压溃，深度超过 2mm。
5. Rail ditch is damaged by pressing, with depth exceeding 2 mm.
6.钢筋(或钢丝)外露(钢筋未锈蚀，长度超过 100mm)。
6. There's exposed reinforcement (or steel wire) (the unrusted length of reinforcement is more than 100
mm).
7.斜裂长度为枕高的 1／2～2／3。
7. The length of oblique crack is 1/2~2/3 of sleeper height.
第 3.3.5 条线路上轨枕的修理。
Article 3.3.5 Repair of sleepers on railway.
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一、用环氧树脂修补局部破损的混凝土枕。
I. Repair concrete sleepers with local damage with epoxy resin.
二、用锚固法修理松动或失效的螺旋道钉。
II. Repair loosened or failed screw spike with the anchorage method.
第 3.3.6 条旧轨枕分为三类。
Article 3.3.6 Old sleepers are divided into three types.
一类为再用轨枕：可不经修理或稍加修理即能使用的轨枕；
Type 1: second-hand sleeper: sleepers that can be used without repair or after a little repair;
二类为待修轨枕：经过修理才能再用的轨枕；
Type 2: sleeper waiting for repair: sleepers that can be used only after repair;
三类为废轨枕：不能修理再用的轨枕。
Type 3: waste sleeper: sleepers that cannot be repaired or recycled.
第 3.3.7 条从线路上更换下来的旧轨枕，应及时回收，分类堆码，集中存放，合理使用。
Article 3.3.7 Old sleepers replaced from railway shall be recovered in time, piled by type, collectively
stored and reasonably used.
第四节钢轨
Section IV Rail
第 3.4.1 条钢轨采用 25m 定尺长，50kg/m、U71Mn 有螺栓孔热轧新轨，曲线地段内股采用缩短轨。半径
小于等于 1200m 的曲线地段集中铺设热处理钢轨。正线道岔钢轨采用与正线材质一致的在线热处理钢轨。
钢轨接头应采用相对式。曲线地段外股应使用标准长度钢轨，内股应使用厂制缩短轨调整钢轨接头位置。
两股钢轨接头相对偏差不应大于 40mm，曲线不应大于 40mm 加缩短量的 1/2。
Article 3.4.1 Rails shall be 50 kg/m and U71Mn hot rolled new rail with a cut length of 25 m and bolt
holes, and short rail shall be used for inner track in curved sections. Hot treatment rails shall be
collectively laid at curved sections with radius no more than 1200 m. Rails at main line turnout shall be
online-hot-treatment rails of the same material as the main line. Rail joints shall be of relative type. Rails
of standard length shall be used for outer track at curved section, and shop-fabricated short rails shall be
used for inner track to adjust the rail joint position. The relative deviation of rail joint of the two tracks
shall not be larger than 40 mm, and the deviation of curved track shall not be more than 40 mm plus 1/2
of the shortened amount.
钢轨接头夹板采用 50kg/m 钢轨用接头夹板，接头螺栓应采用 10.9 级高强度接头螺栓，螺母应采用 10 级
高强度螺母，垫圈应采用高强度平垫圈，接头扭矩不小于 400N•m。
Rail joint bar shall be 50 kg/m joint bar for rails, joint bolt shall be high strength joint bolts of Class 10.9,
nut shall be high strength nut of Class 10, washer shall be high strength washer, and the joint torque
shall not be less than 400 N•m.
钢轨采用 25m 定尺长，50kg/m、U71Mn 有螺栓孔热轧新轨，曲线地段内股采用缩短轨。
Rails shall be 50 kg/m and U71Mn hot rolled new rail with a cut length of 25 m and bolt holes, and short
rail shall be used for inner track in curved sections.
第 3.4.2 条使用的新钢轨应符合相关技术条件；使用的再用轨应符合《铁道旧轨使用和整修技术条件》(附
录五)的规定。
Article 3.4.2 New rails to be used shall meet relevant technical conditions; reusable rails to be used
shall meet the provisions of the Technical Specifications for Using and Repairing of Used Rails
(Appendix V).
第 3.4.3 条钢轨伤损按程度分为轻伤、重伤和折断三类。
Article 3.4.3 Damages of rail are divided into minor damage, major damage and breakage according to
the degree of damage.
一、钢轨轻伤和重伤标准
I. Minor damage and major damage criteria for rail
钢轨轻伤和重伤标准见表 3.4.3—1、表 3.4.3—2 和表 3.4.3—3。探伤人员、线路(检查)工长认为钢轨有伤
损时，也可判为轻伤或重伤。
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See Tables 3.4.3-1, -2 and -3 for the minor and major damage criteria for rail. When in the opinion of the
diagnosis personnel or railway (inspection) supervisor a rail is damaged, it can be determined as minor
or major damage.
二、钢轨折断标准
II. Breakage criteria for rail
钢轨折断是指发生下列情况之一者：
Breakage of rail refers to one of the following circumstances:
1.钢轨全截面断裂；
1. Breakage of full cross section of rail;
2.裂纹贯通整个轨头截面；
2. A crack running through the entire cross section of rail head;
3.裂纹贯通整个轨底截面；
3. A crack running through the entire cross section of rail base;
4.允许速度不大于 120km／h 区段钢轨顶面上有长度大于 50mm 且深度大于 10mm 的掉块。
4. An over 50 mm long and 10 mm deep spalling on the top of rail in a section with allowable speed no
more than 120 km/h.
钢轨轻伤和重伤标准表 3.4.3—1
Minor and major damage criteria for rail Table 3.4.3-1
伤损程度
Degree of damage
项目备注
轻伤重伤
Items Remarks
Minor damage Major damage
υmax≤120km／h υmax≤120km／h
磨耗量超过表 3.4.3—2 磨耗量超过表 3.4.3—3
所列限度之一者所列限度之一者
轨头部磨耗
Amount of wear Amount of wear
Wearing a trail
exceeds one of the exceeds one of the
head
limits given in Table limits given in Table
3.4.3-2. 3.4.3-3.
轨端或轨顶面
剥落掉块长度超过 15mm 且深度长度超过 30mm 且深度
Peeling-off 超过 4mm 超过 8mm
and spalling at With length over 15 mm With length over 30 mm
rail end or rail and depth over 4 mm and depth over 8 mm
top
钢轨顶面擦伤
深度超过 1mm 深度超过 2mm
Abrasion on
With depth over 1 mm With depth over 2 mm
rail top
用 1m 直尺测量最低处矢度。包括轨端
钢轨低头轨顶面压伤和磨耗在内
超过 3mm 超过 3.5mm Measure the versine at the lowest
Lowering of
More than 3 mm More than 3.5 mm position with 1 m straightedge.
rail end
Include the crush and wear of rail end
and top.
波浪形磨耗谷深超过 0.5mm
Waveform With valley depth over
wear 0.5 mm
钢轨表面裂纹有包括螺孔裂纹、轨头下颚水平裂纹(透
19
Crack on rail Existing 锈)、轨腰水平裂纹、轨头纵向裂纹、

surface 轨底裂纹等(不含轮轨接触疲劳引起轨
顶面表面或近表面的鱼鳞裂纹)
Include bolt hole crack, horizontal
crack at lower jaw of rail head
(run-through rusting), horizontal
crack at rail web, longitudinal crack at
rail head, crack at rail base, etc.
(excluding scale crack on or near the
rail top surface caused by wheel-rail
contact fatigue)
包括核伤(黑核、白核)、钢轨纵向裂纹
钢轨内部裂纹
有等
Internal crack
Existing Include nucleus flaw (black and white
of rail
nucleus)
轨头扩大、轨腰扭曲或鼓包等，经判断
钢轨变形确认内部有暗裂
有 Swelling of rail head, distortion or
Rail
Existing bulge of rail web, etc., which,
deformation
according to determination, is due to
internal crack
钢轨头部磨耗轻伤标准表 3.4.3—2
Minor wear damage criteria for rail head Table 3.4.3—2
总磨耗(mm) 垂直磨耗(mm) 侧面磨耗(mm)

Total wear (mm) Vertical wear (mm) Side wear (mm)
υmax≤120km/h 正 υmax≤120km/h υmax≤120km/h
钢轨(kg／m) 线及到发线其他站线正线及到发线其他站线正线及到发线其他站线
Rail (kg/m) υmax≤120km/h for Other υmax≤120km/h for Other υmax≤120km/h Other
main line and station main line and station for main line and station
arrival-departure tracks arrival-departure tracks arrival-departure tracks
track track track
60 以下～50
Below 60 ~ 12 14 8 9 12 14
50
50 以下～50
Below 50 ~ 10 12 7 8 10 12
50
注：①总磨耗=垂直磨耗+1／2 侧面磨耗。
Note: ①Total wear = vertical wear + 1/2 side wear.
②垂直磨耗在钢轨顶面宽 1／3 处(距标准工作边)测量。
②Vertical wear shall be measured at 1/3 of rail top width (from the standard gauge line).
③侧面磨耗在钢轨踏面(按标准断面)下 16mm.处测量。
③Side wear shall be measured at 16 mm below the rail tread (per standard cross section) .
钢轨头部磨耗重伤标准表 3.4.3—3
Major wear damage criteria for rail head Table 3.4.3—3
垂直磨耗(mm) 侧面磨耗(mm)
钢轨(kg／m) Vertical wear (mm) Side wear (mm)
Rail (kg/m)
υmax≤120km/h υmax≤120km/h
20
正线及到发线及其他站线正线及到发线及其他站线
Main line, arrival-departure track and other Main line, arrival-departure track and
station tracks other station tracks
60 以下～50
10 17
Below 60 ~ 50
50 以下～43
9 15
Below 50 ~ 43
重伤和折断钢轨应及时更换。换下的重伤和折断钢轨应有明显的标记，防止再用。在桥上或隧道内的轻伤
钢轨，应及时进行更换或处理。
Rails with major damage or breakage shall be replaced in time. The rails so replaced shall be obviously
marked to prevent reusing. Rails with minor damage on bridge or in tunnel shall be replaced or treated in
a timely manner.
第 3.4.4 条下列位置不应有钢轨接头，否则应将其焊接、冻结或胶接。
Article 3.4.4 Rail joint is not allowed at the following positions, or otherwise the joint shall be welded,
frozen or bonded.
一、明桥面小桥的全桥范围内。
I. Within the entire scope of small bridge with open deck.
二、钢梁端部、拱桥温度伸缩缝和拱顶等处前后各 2m 范围内。
II. Within 2 m in front of and after places such as rail end, arch bridge expansion joint, vault roof, etc.
三、设有温度调节器的钢梁的温度跨度范围内。
III. Within the temperature span of steel beam mounted with temperature controller.
四、钢梁的横梁顶上。
IV. On top of steel beam.
五、平交道口铺面范围内。
V. Within grade crossing pavement.
第 3.4.5 条钢轨接头轨缝设计为 8mm。轨缝铺设钢轨时的预留轨缝值，应根据钢轨长度与钢轨温度按下式
计算。
Article 3.4.5 The rail gap is designed as 8 mm. The rail gap to be reserved during rail placement shall be
calculated with the following formula according to rail length and temperature.
a0=αL（Tmax-t）-C
式中 a0——铺设钢轨时的预留轨缝值（mm）；
Where, a0 - rail gap reserved for placement (mm);
α——钢轨线膨胀系数，取 11.8×10-6/℃；
α - expansion coefficient of rail, assuming 11.8×10-6/℃;
L——钢轨长度（mm）；
L - rail length (mm);
Tmax——当地历史最高轨温（℃）；
Tmax - local maximum historical rail temperature (℃);
t——钢轨铺设时的温度（℃）；
t - temperature at which rail is laid (℃);
C——钢轨接头阻力和道床纵向阻力限制钢轨自由伸缩的数值（mm），取值 4。SEBETA～MIESO 沿线
最高轨温见表 3.4.5。
C - value of rail free expansion restricted by rail joint resistance and ballast bed longitudinal resistance
(mm), assuming as 4. See Table 3.4.5 for the maximum rail temperatures along SEBETA~MIESO
Railway.
21
沿线地区最高轨温表（℃）表 3.4.5
Maximum rail temperatures at in zones along the line (℃) Table 3.4.5
地区最高轨温
Zone Maximum rail temperature
Addis 45.5
Akaki 48.7
D/Zeit(AF) 49.1
Mojo 51
Nazeret 50.9
Welenchity *
Metehara 57
Awash 56.6
Mieso *
注：*为气象站记录年限小于 5 年的项。
Note: *Items recorded by the meteorological station for less than five years.
轨缝应均匀设置，每千米轨缝总误差：25m 钢轨地段不得大于±80mm，12.5m 钢轨地段不得超过 160mm。
钢轨绝缘接头轨缝不得小于 6mm。
Rail gap shall be set uniformly, and the gross error of each 1,000 m rail gap shall not be more than ±80
mm in sections laid with 25 m rails and 160 mm in sections laid with 12.5 rails. The gap of rail insulation
joint shall not be less than 6 mm.
第 3.4.6 条 12.5m 钢轨地段，更换钢轨或调整轨缝时的轨温不受限制。25m 钢轨地段，更换钢轨或调整轨
缝时的轨温限制范围为(tz+30℃)～(tz-30℃)；最高、最低轨温差不大于 85℃地区，如将轨缝值减小 1～
2mm，轨温限制范围相应地降低 3℃～7℃。特殊情况下，在轨温限制范围以外更换的 25m 钢轨，必须在
轨温限制范围以内时调整轨缝，使其符合第 3.4.6 条规定的标准。
Article 3.4.6 In sections laid with 12.5 m rails, the rail temperature is not subject to any restriction during
rail replacement or rail gap adjustment. In sections laid with 25 m rails, the temperature restriction range
during rail replacement or rail gap adjustment is (tz+30℃)~(tz-30℃); if the rail gap is reduced by 1~2 mm
in areas where the difference between the maximum and the minimum rail temperature is not higher
than 85℃, the rail temperature restriction range shall be accordingly reduced by 3~7℃. In the case of
special conditions when 25 mm rails are to be replaced beyond the rail temperature restriction range, the
rail gap must be adjusted within the restriction range to meet the criteria specified in Article 3.4.6.
第 3.4.7 条线路上个别插入的短轨，在正线上不得短于 6m，在站线上不得短于 4.5m，并不得连续插入 2
根及以上。
Article 3.4. 7 The length of short rails individually inserted in railway shall not be less than 6 m in main
line and 4.5 in station track, and no more than two short rails shall be continuously inserted.
第 3.4.8 条钢轨钻孔位置应在轨腹中和轴上，且必须倒棱。两螺栓孔的净距不得小于大孔径的 2 倍。其他
部门需在钢轨上钻孔或加装设备时，必须经工务同意。
Article 3.4.8 Holes on rail shall be drilled at rail web and axle, and must be chamfered. The net distance
between two bolt holes shall not be less than two times of the larger hole diameter. When other
departments need to drill holes or install other equipment on rail, the prior approval of the maintenance
department must be obtained.
第 3.4.9 条用于线路上的钢轨需要截断时，应全断面垂直锯断。严禁使用乙炔切割或烧孔，严禁使用剁子
和其他工具强行截断和冲孔。
Article 3.4.9 To cut off a rail to be used in railway, it shall be vertically cut off along the entire cross
section. Cutting or hole burning with acetylene and forced cutting and punching with chip axe or other
tools are not allowed.
第 3.4.10 条应做好钢轨养护维修工作，预防和整治钢轨病害，延长钢轨使用寿命。当钢轨出现表 3.4.10
的病害时，应及时处理。应对轨面擦伤和剥落掉块进行焊补，打磨钢轨肥边、马鞍型磨耗等，加强接头错
22
牙、硬弯等病害的处理，并结合更换道碴、垫碴、垫枕下大胶垫等方法，综合整治钢轨接头病害。应有计
划地对钢轨进行预防性打磨，当钢轨顶面轮轨接触处出现鱼鳞裂纹或波浪型磨耗达到轻伤时，应安排修理
性打磨。
Article 3.4.10 Rails shall be properly maintained and repaired to prevent and control rail damage and
prolong the service life rail. In the case of damages listed in Table 3.4.10, rails shall be treated in a timely
manner. Repair abraded and peeled off rail surface through welding, grind rail lip, saddle type wearing,
etc., enhance the treatment of defects such as uneven rail ends in line or surface, hard bending, etc.,
and in combination with methods such as ballast replacement, ballast packing, large rail pad, etc.,
comprehensively treat the defects of rail joint. Preventive grinding shall be planned for rails; in the case
of scale crack or waveform wear at wheel-rail contact places on rail top, repair grinding shall be
arranged.
钢轨病害整治限度表 3.4.10
Limits for rail defect treatment Table 3.4.10
钢轨病害测量方法
υmax≤120km／h
Rail defect Method of measuring
钢轨接头顶面或内侧错牙(mm)
>2
Unevenness in top or inner side of rail joints
工作边或轨端肥边(mm)
>2
Gauge line or rail end lip (mm) 直尺测量
Measure with straightedge
接近或达到轻伤
擦伤或剥落掉块、钢轨低头 Approach to or
Abrasion or spalling, lowering of rail end reach the degree of
minor damage
硬弯(mm)
>0.5
Hard bending (mm)
钢轨母材轨顶面凹陷或接头马鞍型磨耗(mm)
1m 直尺测量矢度
Depression on top of rail base metal, or saddle wear >O.5
Measure the versine with 1
of joint (mm)
m straightedge.
达到轻伤
波浪型磨耗
Reach the degree
Waveform wear
of minor damage
曲线地段应根据钢轨状况合理安排润滑，易受浸蚀地段可在钢轨上涂抹防锈剂。
Lubrication shall be reasonably arranged according to rail conditions in curved sections, and anti-rusting
agent may be applied on rail in erosion liable sections.
曲线地段钢轨侧面磨耗在未达到轻伤标准前，应有计划地调边或与直线地段钢轨倒换使用。常备轨应有计
划地与线路上的钢轨倒换使用。
Before wear of rail side in curved section reaches the minor damage criteria, switching of rail sides and
exchanging with rails in straight section shall be planned. Exchanging stock rails with rails on railway
shall be planned.
第 3.4.11 条从线路上换下来的旧钢轨，应及时回收集中，按《铁道旧轨使用和整修技术条件》(见附录五)
的规定鉴定分类、划分等级与整修，并应分类堆码，建立账卡，妥善保管。
Article 3.4.11 Old rails replaced from railway shall be collected in time, be classified and repaired in
accordance with the provisions of the Technical Specifications for Using and Repairing of Used Rails
(see Appendix V), be piled by type, be established with a stock card and be properly safeguarded.
第五节联结零件
Section V Connecting parts
第 3.5.1 条扣件采用弹条 I 型扣件。
Article 3.5.1 Fasteners shall be Type I spring clip fastening.
23
第 3.5.2 条扣件应保持齐全，位置正确，作用良好。扣板、轨距挡板应靠贴轨底边。扣件扭矩 80-120N·m，

弹条扣件的弹条中部前端下颚应靠贴轨距挡板(离缝不大于 1mm),。
Article 3.5.2 Fasteners shall be kept complete, be correctly located, and properly function. Clip and
angled guide plate shall be attached to the bottom side of rail. Fastener torque shall be 80-120 N·m, and
lower jaws in the middle and at the front end of spring clip of spring clip fastening shall be attached to
angled guide plate (with gap no more than 1 mm).
第 3.5.3 条线路中修和成段更换再用轨(整修轨)使用的钢轨配件应与钢轨类型相符，宜使用再用料。再用
料上道前应经过选配、整修、除锈和涂油。
Article 3.5.3 Rail parts to be used in medium repair of railway and in replacement with reusable rail
(repaired rail) in entire section shall comply with the rail type, and second-hand materials should be
better used for this purpose. Prior to being used in railway, second-hand materials shall be sorted,
repaired, derusted and lubricated.
第 3.5.4 条扣件伤损达到下列标准，应有计划地修或更换：
Article 3.5.4 Repair or replacement of fasteners shall be planned when the following damage criteria are
met:
一、螺旋道钉折断、浮起，螺帽或螺杆丝扣损坏，严重锈蚀。
I. Breakage or floating of screw spike, or damage or serious rusting of nut or screw threads.
二、垫圈损坏或作用不良。
II. Damage or improper functioning of washer.
三、弹条、扣板(弹片)损坏或不能保持应有的扣压力。
III. Damage of spring clip or spring piece, or being unable to maintain the due clamping pressure.
四、扣板、轨距挡板严重磨损，扣板、轨距挡板前后离缝超过 2mm。
IV. Severe wearing of clip or angled guide plate, or front/rear gap of clip or angled guide plate exceeded
2 mm.
五、挡板座、铁座损坏或作用不良。
V. Damage or improper functioning of baffle base or iron base.
第 3.5.5 条钉道钉的规定：
Article 3.5. 5 Requirements for striking spikes:
一、螺旋道钉偏离预留孔中心不大于 2mm，与承轨槽垂直，偏斜度不大于 2 度。
I. Screw spike shall not be deviated from the center of preserved hole more than 2 mm, and shall be
perpendicular to rail ditch, and its degree of skewness shall not be larger than 2 degree.
二、道钉圆台底面应高出承轨槽面 0-2mm。
II. The bottom of spike boss shall be 0-2 mm higher than rail ditch.
第 3.5.6 条道钉应齐全，作用良好，缺少时应及时补充，道钉浮起或松动时应及时整治。伤损达到下列标
准，应有计划地更换：
Article 3.5.6 Spikes shall be complete and work properly, be supplemented in time in the case of
shortage, and be treated in a timely manner in the case of flotation or loosening. Replacement shall be
planned when the following damage criteria are met:
一、道钉钉头脱落、严重锈蚀或下颚磨耗达 3mm 及以上。
I. Falling off or serious rusting of spike head, or wear of lower jaw reaching 3 mm or more.
第 3.5.7 条接头螺栓应齐全，作用良好，缺损时应及时补充和更换。普通线路接头螺栓扭矩应达到表 3.5.7
—1 的规定值，并应保持均匀。扭矩不足时，不得低于规定值 80N·m 以上。
Article 3.5. 7 Joint bolts shall be complete and work properly, and be supplemented in time in the case
of damage or shortage. The torque of joint bolts for ordinary railway shall meet the values given in Table
3.5.7-1, and shall be uniformly maintained. In the case of inadequate torque, it shall not be more than 80
N·m lower than the specified value.
24
普通线路接头螺栓扭矩标准表 3.5.7—1
Joint bolt torque criteria for ordinary railway Table 3.5.7—1
25m 钢轨
12.5m
25 m rail
项目单位最高、最低轨温差≤85℃
Items Unit 最高、最低轨温差>85℃
Difference between maximum 钢轨
Difference between maximum and
and minimum rail Rail
minimum rail temperatures >85℃
temperatures ≤85℃
60 及以上 60 及以上
钢轨
kg／m 60 and 50 43 60 and 50 43 50 43
Rail
above above
螺栓等级
10.9 10.9 8.8 10.9 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.8
Bolt class
扭矩
N·m 700 600 600 500 400 400 400 400
Torque
C值
mm 6 4 2
C value
注：①C 值为接头阻力及道床阻力限制钢轨自由伸缩的数值。
Note: ①C is the value of rail free expansion restricted by rail joint resistance and ballast bed resistance.
②小于 43kg／m 钢轨比照 43kg／m 钢轨办理。
②For rails smaller than 43 kg/m, refer to 43 kg/m rail.
③高强度绝缘接头螺栓扭矩不小于 700N·m。
③The torque of high-strength insulation joint bolts shall not be less than 700 N·m.
第 3.5.8 条接头夹板伤损达到下列标准，应及时更换：
Article 3.5.8 Joint bar shall be replaced in time if the following damage criteria are met:
一、折断。
I. Breakage.
二、中间两螺栓孔范围内裂纹：正线、到发线有裂纹；其他站线平直及异型夹板超过 5mm，双头及鱼尾
型夹板超过 15mm。
II. Crack within the range between two middle bolt holes; crack on main line or arrival-departure track;
flat and compromised joint bar on other station tracks exceeded 5 mm, or double-head and fish joint bar
exceeded 15 mm.
三、其他部位裂纹发展到螺栓孔。
III. Crack at other position developed to bolt hole.
第 3.5.9 条接头螺栓及垫圈伤损达到下列标准，应及时更换：
Article 3.5.9 Joint bolt and washer shall be replaced in time if the following damage criteria are met:
一、螺栓折断，严重锈蚀、丝扣损坏或杆径磨耗超过 3mm 不能保持规定的扭矩。
I. Breakage, severe rusting and thread damage of bolt, or wear of stem diameter exceeded 3 mm,
unable to maintain the specified torque.
二、垫圈折断或失去弹性。
II. Breakage or losing flexibility of washer.
第六节轨道加强设备
Section VI Rail reinforcing device
第 3.6.1 条曲线地段应按下列条件安装轨距杆或轨撑：
Article 3.6.1 Gauge rod or rail brace shall be installed according to the following conditions in curved
section:
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轨距杆或轨撑安装数量表 3.6.1
Installation number of gauge rod or rail brace Table 3.6.1
轨距杆(根) 轨撑(对)
曲线半径(m) Gauge rod (Nr.) Rail brace (pair)
Curve radius (m) 25m 钢轨 12.5m 钢轨 25m 钢轨 12.5m 钢轨
25 m rail 12.5 m rail 25 m rail 12.5 m rail
R≤350 10 5 14 7
350<R≤450 10 5 10 5
450<R≤600 6～10 3～5 6～10 3～5
根据需要安装
600<R≤800
Install according to requirement
一、铺设混凝土枕时，在行驶电力机车区段半径为 600m 及以下的曲线、其他区段半径为 350m 及以下的

曲线，可根据需要比照表 3.6.1 安装，或采用保持轨距能力较强的弹性扣件。
I. When laying concrete sleepers in electric locomotive running sections with a curve radius of 600 m or
below and other sections with a curve radius of 350 m and below, gauge rod or rail brace may be
installed in reference to Table 3.6.1 according to requirement, or elastic fastener with good capability of
maintaining rail gauge can be used.
设有轨道电路的线路，安装轨距杆时，应使用绝缘轨距杆。
When installing gauge rod on railway with track circuit, insulation gauge rod shall be used.
第 3.6.2 条铺设混凝土枕的线路、道岔，使用弹条扣件时，可不安装防爬设备。
Article 3.6.2 No anti-creep device shall be installed if spring clip fastening is used for railway laid with
concrete sleepers.
第 3.6.3 条轨道加强设备应保持数量齐全，作用良好，缺少时应有计划地补充。防爬设备的安装数量和方
式与线路锁定要求不相适应时，应及时调整。
Article 3.6.3 Rail reinforcing device shall be complete in number, work properly, and be planned for
supplementation in the case of shortage. When the installed number and method of anti-creep device
are not in line with the railway locking requirement, adjustment shall be made in a timely manner.
轨道加强设备伤损达到下列标准，应有计划地修理或更换：
Repair or replacement of rail reinforcing device shall be planned when the following damage criteria are
met:
一、轨距杆折断或丝扣损坏，螺帽、垫圈、铁卡损坏或作用不良。
I. Breakage or thread damage of gauge rod, or damage or improperly functioning of nut, washer and iron
clip.
二、轨撑损坏或作用不良。
II. Damage or improper functioning of rail brace.
第七节线路平面
Section VII Route plan
第 3.7.1 条在线路直线地段，两股钢轨顶面应位于同一水平。在线路曲线地段，应根据曲线半径和实测行
车速度，在外股钢轨合理设置超高。
Article 3.7.1 In straight sections of route, the tops of two tracks shall be at the same level. In curved
sections of route, superelevation shall be reasonably set for the outer track according to the curve
radius and the measured running speed.
本路段按最高设计速度 120km/h 设置超高。SEBETA～ADAMA 段双线铁路曲线最大超高 150mm；
ADAMA～MIESO 段单线铁路上下行行车速度相差悬殊时曲线最大超高 125mm。曲线超高采取抬高外轨
的办法设置。外轨超高 h 按下式计算：
Superelevation for this section is set based on the maximum design speed, 120 km/h. The maximum
curve superelevation of SEBETA~ADAMA double-track section is 150 mm; in the case of big difference
between up and down running speeds, the maximum curve superelevation of ADAMA~MIESO
26
single-track section is 125 mm. Curve superelevation shall be set through lifting the outer track.
Superelevation h of outer track is calculated with the following formula:
2
7.6Vmax
h
R
式中 h—外轨超高（mm）
Where h - superelevation of outer track (mm)
Vmax—路段设计最高行车速度（km/h）
Vmax - maximum design running speed of section (km/h)
R—曲线半径（m）
R - curve radius (m)
超高在缓和曲线内过渡。先按实际运行速度设置过渡超高，在线路正式运营后根据列车运行条件调整外轨
超高。实设超高取 5mm 的整倍数。
Superelevation shall be transited within easement curve. A transitional superelevation shall first be set
according to the actual running speed, and after the railway is officially turned into operation, the
superelevation of outer track will be adjusted according to train operation conditions. The actual
superelevation to be set shall be integral multiple of 5 mm.
第 3.7.2 条如行车条件有较大变化，或混凝土枕挡肩破损、钢轨不正常磨耗等情况，应通过实测行车速度，
重新计算和调整超高。
Article 3.7.2 In the case of big variation of running conditions, damage of concrete sleeper shoulder or
abnormal wear of rail, the superelevation shall be adjusted through running speed measurement and
recalculation.
第 3.7.3 条曲线超高顺坡。
Article 3.7.3Curve superelevation slope.
允许速度不大于 120km／h 的线路在特殊条件下的超高顺坡，不得大于 2‰。
For railway with the allowable speed being no more than 120 km/h at superelevation slope under special
conditions, the rate of superelevation slope shall not be greater than 2‰.
第 3.7.4 条线路设备大修时，缓和曲线及两曲线间的夹直线长度不应低于原线路标准。
Article 3.7.4 During overhaul of track equipment, the length of intermediate straight line of easement
curve and between two curves shall not be smaller than the criterion for the former route.
第 3.7.5 条轨距指钢轨踏面下 16mm 范围内两股钢轨工作边之间的最小距离。直线标准轨距为 1435mm。
曲线轨距按表 3.7.5 规定的标准在内股加宽。
Article 3.7.5 Gauge refers to the minimum distance between gauge lines of two tracks within 16 mm
under the rail tread. The standard gauge of straight route is 1435 mm. The gauge of curved route shall
be widened at the inner track according to the criteria given in Table 3.7.5.
曲线轨距加宽标准表 3.7.5
Widening criteria for gauge of curved route Table 3.7.5
曲线半径(m) 轨距加宽(mm)
Curve radius (m) Gauge widened (mm)
R≥350 O
350>R≥300 5
R<300 15
第 3.7.6 条曲线轨距加宽递减。
Article 3.7.6 Gauge widening for curved route shall be decreased progressively.
一、曲线轨距加宽应在整个缓和曲线内递减。如无缓和曲线，则在直线上递减，递减率不得大于 1‰。
I. Gauge widening for curved route shall be decreased progressively within the entire easement curve. In
27
case there's no easement curve, the decrease shall be made progressively on straight line, but the rate
of progressive decrease shall not be larger than 1‰.
二、两曲线轨距加宽按 1‰递减，其终点间的直线长度不应短于 10m。不足 10m 时，如直线部分的两轨
距加宽相等，则直线部分保留相等的加宽，如不相等，则直线部分从较大轨距加宽向较小轨距加宽均匀递
减。
II. Gauge widening for two curves shall be decreased progressively at 1‰, and the length of straight line
between their end points shall not be less than 10 m. When the length is less than 10 m, equal widening
shall be kept for the straight route if two tracks within the straight route are equally widened, or
otherwise the widening shall be progressively decreased from the larger gauge widening to the smaller
widening within the straight route.
在困难条件下，站线上的轨距加宽可按 2‰递减。
Where conditions are difficult, the gauge widening on station track may be progressively decreased at
2‰.
三、特殊条件下轨距加宽递减可根据具体情况规定，但不得大于 2‰。
III. At special conditions, the progressive decrease of gauge widening may be specified as the
circumstances may require but shall not be larger than 2‰.
第 3.7.7 条曲线应保持圆顺。曲线正矢作业验收容许偏差管理值如表 3.7.7—1 的规定，正矢容许偏差经常
保养管理值如表 3.7.7—2 的规定。
Article 3.7.7 Curves shall be kept round and smooth. The management values of allowable deviation for
acceptance of curve versine operations are as given in Table 3.7.7-1, and the management values of
allowable deviation for regular maintenance of curve versine are as given in Table 3.7.7-2.
曲线正矢作业验收容许偏差表 3.7.7—1
Allowable deviation for acceptance of curve versine operations Table 3.7.7—1
缓和曲线的正矢与计算正圆曲线正矢最大最小
圆曲线正矢连续差
矢差(mm) 值差(mm)
(mm)
曲线半径 R(m) Difference between Differences between
Successive difference
Curve radius R (m) easement curve versine maximum and
of round curve versine
and calculated versine minimum round curve
(mm)
(mm) versine values (mm)
R≤250 6 12 18
250<R≤350 5 10 15
350<R≤450 4 8 12
450<R≤800 3 6 9
R>800 3 6 9
注：曲线正矢用 20m 弦在钢轨踏面下 16mm 处测量。

Note: The 20 m chord for curve versine shall be measured at 16 mm below rail tread.
缓和曲线与直线连接处不得有反弯或“鹅头”。
No reversed curve or 'gooseneck' is allowed at the link of easement curve and straight line.
现场曲线的始终点、缓和曲线长度、曲线全长、曲线半径、实设超高均应与设备图表保持一致。
Starting and end points, easement curve length, full length of curve, curve radius and actual
superelevation of curves in the field shall be kept consistent with equipment diagram.
28
曲线正矢经常保养容许偏差表 3.7.7—2
Allowable deviation for regular maintenance of curve versine Table 3.7.7-2
缓和曲线的正矢与计算正矢圆曲线正矢最大最小值差
差(mm) 圆曲线正矢连续差(mm)
(mm)
Difference between Differences between
Successive difference of
easement curve versine maximum and minimum
曲线半径 R(m) round curve versine (mm)
and calculated versine round curve versine values
Curve radius (mm) (mm)
R (m)
正线及到发线其他站线正线及到发线其他站线正线及到发线其他站线
Main line and Other Main line and Other Main line and Other
arrival-departure station arrival-departure station arrival-departure station
track tracks track tracks track tracks
R≤250 7 8 14 16 21 24
250<R≤350 6 7 12 14 18 21
350<R≤450 5 6 10 12 15 18
450<R≤800 4 5 8 10 12 15
R>800 3 4 6 8 9 12
往：专用线按其他站线办埋。
Note: Refer to other station tracks for industrial siding.
第 3.7.8 条线路大、中修时，应调整线路对桥梁的偏心、建筑物限界和线间距等。
Article 3.7.8 During overhaul and medium repair of railway, the eccentricity of route to bridge,
construction gauge, distance between canters of tracks, etc. shall be adjusted.
第八节线路纵断面
Section VIII Profile
第 3.8.1 条在电气化铁路区段进行线路设备大修时，为了改善既有线路坡度，应适当调整接触网高度。
Article 3.8. 1 During track equipment overhaul in electrified railway sections, the OCS height shall be
appropriately adjusted to improve the gradient of existing line.
第 3.8.2 条线路纵断面应尽量采用较长的坡段，最小坡段长度不宜小于 350m，凸型纵断面顶部为缓和坡
度差而设置的分坡平段的长度不应小于 200m。
Article 3.8.2 Long grade section shall be adopted for profile as long as possible, the minimum length of
grade section should not be less than 350 m, and the length of level grade between opposite gradients
set to ease the gradient difference on top of convex profile shall not be less than 200 m.
第 3.8.3 条两线路中心距不大于 5m 时，其轨面标高应设计为同一水平，困难地段高度差可不大于 300mm。
Article 3.8.3 When the center-to-center distance between two lines is not greater than 5 m, the rail
surface elevations of the two lines shall be designed at the same level, and the height difference may not
be larger than 300 mm at difficult sections.
第 3.8.4 条大修地段与非大修地段的连接顺坡，应设在大修地段以外。其顺坡率为：允许速度不大于 120km
／h 的线路不应大于 2.0‰。
Article 3.8.4 The inclination slope linking overhaul section and non-overhaul section shall be set outside
the overhaul section. Its rate of superelevation slope shall: be no more than 2.0‰ for railway with
allowable speed being no more than 120 km/h.
第 3.8.5 条纵断面按电力牵引，设计最大坡度 18.5‰。
Article 3.8.5 The maximum design gradient of profile for electric traction is 18.5‰.
第 3.8.6 条最大坡度在平面曲线（指加设缓和曲线前的圆曲线）范围内应进行曲线阻力所引起的坡度减缓
值进行折减，折减所采用的货物列车长度为 800m，其减缓值按下列公式计算确定。
Article 3.8.6 The maximum gradient shall be reduced within the range of horizontal curve (referring to
the round curve before adding an easement curve) for the gradient reduction caused by curve resistance,
29
the length of freight train used for the reduction is 800 m, and the reduction value is calculated with the
following formula.
一、当曲线长度大于或等于货物列车长度时
I. When the curve length is larger than or equals to the length of freight train
△ir=600÷R
二、当曲线长度小于货物列车长度时
II. When the curve length is smaller than the length of freight train
△ir=10.5×∑α÷l
△ir━曲线阻力所引起的坡度减缓值（‰）；
△ir━gradient reduction caused by curve resistance (‰);
R━曲线半径（m）
R ━curve radius (m)
∑α━坡段长度（或货物列车长度）内平面曲线偏角总合（°）；
∑α━total deflection angle of horizontal curve within the length of grade section (or length of freight train)
(°);
l━坡段长度（m），当其大于货物列车长度时采用货物列车长度。
l━length of grade section (m), if it is larger than the length of freight train, use the length of freight train.
三、本线最小坡段长度设计为 400m，本线凸型纵断面的分坡平段均大于 200m。
III. The minimum length of grade section designed for the route is 400 m, and the level grades between
opposite gradients of convex profile of the route are all greater than 200 m.
四、相邻坡段最大坡度代数差设计采用 12‰。
IV. The maximum algebraic difference of gradient designed for adjacent grade section is 12‰.
五、本线纵断面设计中，当相邻坡段坡度代数差大于 3‰时，采用 R=10000m 圆曲线型竖曲线连接；竖曲
线不得与缓和曲线、道岔重叠设置。
V. When the algebraic difference of gradient of adjacent grade section is more than 3‰ in the profile
design of the railway, a round curve type vertical curve with R=10000m shall be applied for connection;
the vertical curve shall not overlap with easement curve and turnout.
六、路堑地段坡度不小于 2‰。
VI. The gradient at cutting section shall not be greater than 2‰.
七、AWASH 连续梁桥设计为 3‰的下坡。
VII. AWASH continuous beam bridge is designed as 3‰ downgrade.
八、设计高程为轨面设计高程。
VIII. The design elevation is the rail top design elevation.
九、车站站坪坡度。
IX. Grade of station site.
站坪坡度
Grade of station site
范围顺序车站名性质纵断面情况
Zone Sequence Station name Nature Profile condition
中间站
1 SEBETTA 0‰
双线 Intermediate station
Double track 客运站
2 LABU 0‰
区段 Passenger station
Section 区段站
3 INDODE 0‰
District station
30
范围顺序车站名性质纵断面情况
Zone Sequence Station name Nature Profile condition
中间站
4 MOJO 1‰
Intermediate station
中间站
5 ADAMA 0‰
会让站
6 FETO -5‰
Passing station
中间站
7 METEHARA 0‰
单线 Intermediate station
Single line 会让站
8 AWASH -1‰
区段 Passing station
Section 会让站
9 SirbaKunkur 1‰
Passing station
中间站
10 MIESO -1‰
第九节道岔
Section IX Turnout
第 3.9.1 条道岔轨型应与线路钢轨轨型相同，轨型不同时应用异型轨过渡。
Article 3.9.1 The rail type for turnout shall be the same as that for the line, and in case of different rail
types, compromise rail shall be used for transition.
单开道岔轨距：
Gauge of single turnout:
一、尖轨尖端轨距见表 3.9.1—1。
I. See Table 3.9.1-1 for gauges at point of switch rail.
尖轨尖端轨距表 3.9.1 一 l
Gauge at point of switch railTable3.9.1-l
尖轨长度(mm)
尖轨种类轨距 mm) 附注
Length of switch rail
Type of switch rail Gauge (mm) Remarks
(mm)
6250 以下
1453
直线型尖轨 Below 6250
Straight type 6250～7700 以下
1450
switch rail 6250~below 7700
7.700 1445
二、尖轨跟端轨距见表 3.9.1—2。
II. See Table 3.9.1-2 for gauges at rear end of switch rail.
尖轨跟端轨距表 3.9.1—2
Gauge at rear end of switch rail Table 3.9.1—2
侧向(mm)
尖轨种类直向(mm) 附注
Transverse
Type of switch rail Straight (mm) Remarks
(mm)
直线型尖轨
1439 1439
Straight type switch rail
31
三、导曲线中部轨距按标准图设置。
III. The mid gauge of divert curve shall be set per the standard diagram.
四、辙叉部分轨距，直、侧向均为 1435mm。
IV. Straight and transverse gauges at frog shall be both 1435 mm.
五、12 号道岔尖轨设置两个牵引点，牵引点动程分别为第一牵引点 160mm、第二牵引点 82mm，道岔适
用图号为（专线 4257）。9 号图号（CZ2209）道岔尖轨设置一个牵引点，设计动程为 152mm。
V. No.12 switch rail is set with two traction points, of which, the strokes are 160 mm (1st point) and 82
mm (2nd point) respectively, and the diagram applicable to turnout is (ZX4257). Switch rail on No.9
diagram (CZ2209) is set with one traction point, and the design stroke is 152 mm.
第 3.9.2 条道岔轨距加宽递减。
Article 3.9.2 Progressive reduction of turnout gauge widening.
一、尖轨尖端轨距加宽，允许速度不大于 120km／h 的道岔应按不大于 6‰的递减率递减至基本轨接头。
I. For turnout with allowable speed no more than 120 km/h, widening of gauge at point of switch rail shall
be progressively reduced to the joint of stock rail at a rate of no more than 6‰.
二、9 号道岔尖轨尖端与尖轨跟端轨距的差数，直尖轨应在尖轨全长范围内均匀递减，曲尖轨按标准图或
设计图办理。
II. For the difference between point and rear end of switch rail at No.9 turnout, the progressive reduction
of straight switch rail shall be evenly made within the whole range of switch rail, and the progressive
reduction of curved switch rail shall be in accordance with the standard diagram or the design drawing.
三、9 号岔尖轨跟端直向轨距加宽向辙叉方向递减，距离为 1.5m。
III. Widening of straight gauge at rear end of No.9 switch rail shall be progressively reduced for 1.5 m
towards the frog direction.
四、9 号道岔导曲线中部轨距加宽，直尖轨时向两端递减至距尖轨跟端 3m 处，距辙叉前端 4m 处；曲尖
轨时按标准图或设计图办理。
IV. Widening of the gauge at the middle of divert curve of No.9 turnout shall, in the case of straight switch
rail, be progressively reduced to 3 m from the rear end of switch rail and 4 m from the front end of frog at
both ends ; in the case of curved switch rail, be in accordance with the standard diagram or design
drawing.
五、对口道岔尖轨尖端轨距递减：两尖轨尖端距离大于 6m，允许速度不大于 120km／h 的道岔应按不大
于 6‰的递减率递减，但中间应有不短于 6m 的相等轨距段。
V. Progressive reduction of blade of opposite switch: where the distance between two points of switch
rail is over 6 m and the allowable speed of turnout is not greater than 120 km/h, the progressive
reduction shall be made at a rate of no more than 6‰, but there shall be an at least 6 m long section of
the same gauge in the middle.
六、道岔前端与另—道岔后端相连时，允许速度不大于 120km／h 的线路，尖轨尖端轨距递减率不应大于
6‰。如不能按 6‰递减时，可将前面道岔的辙叉轨距加大为 l441mm；仍不能解决时，旧有道岔可保留大
于 6‰的递减率。
VI. When the front end of a turnout is connected with the rear end of another turnout, the progressive
reduction rate of gauge at point of switch rail for railway with allowable speed no more than 120 km/h
shall not be greater than 6‰. Where the progressive reduction cannot be made at 6‰, the frog gauge of
the front turnout may be increased to 1441 mm; if the problem still cannot be solved, a progressive
reduction rate larger than 6‰ may be kept for the existing turnout.
第 3.9.3 条导曲线支距与超高。
Article 3.9.3 Offset and superelevation of divert curve
导曲线支距按道岔标准图或设计图设置，在导曲轨与基本轨工作边之间测量。
Offset of divert curve shall be set according to the standard diagram or design drawing of turnout, and be
measured between divert curve rail and stock rail.
导曲线可根据需要设置 6rnm 的超高，并在导曲线范围内按不大于 2‰顺坡。
Divert curve may be set with 6 mm superelevation where necessary, and a rate of superelevation slope
of no more than 2‰ within the range of divert curve.
32
第 3.9.4 条轮缘槽宽度。
Article 3.9.4 Width of flange way
一、护轨平直部分轮缘槽标准宽度为 42mm。侧向轨距为 1441mm 时，侧向轮缘槽标准宽度为 48mm，
容许误差为（+3、-1）mm。
I. The standard width of flange way at straight section of guard rail shall be 42 mm. When the transverse
gauge is 1441 mm and the standard width of transverse flange way is 48 mm, the allowable error is (+3,
-1) mm.
二、辙叉心轮缘槽标准宽度(测量位置按标准图或设计图规定)为 46mm，容许误差为（+3、-1）mm。
II. The standard width of flange way at the center of frog (the measuring position shall be as specified on
the standard diagram or design drawing) is 46 mm, and the allowable error is (+3, -1) mm.
轮缘槽宽度的量取位置与轨距量取位置相同。
The measuring position of flange way width shall be at the same position for measuring the gauge.
第 3.9.5 条查照间隔(辙叉心作用面至护轨头部外侧的距离)不得小于 1391mm。护背距离(辙叉翼作用面至
护轨头部外侧的距离)不得大于 1348mm，测量位置按设计图纸规定。
Article 3.9.5 The check gauge (distance from the acting surface at frog center to the outside of guard rail
head) shall not be less than 1391 mm. The guard rail face gauge (distance from the acting face of frog
wing to the outside of guard rail head) shall not be greater than 1348 mm, and the measuring position
shall be as specified on design drawing.
第 3.9.6 条尖轨有下列伤损或病害，应及时修理或更换：
Article 3.9.6 Switch rail shall be repaired or replaced in time in the case of the following damages or
defects:
一、尖轨尖端与基本轨不靠贴大于 1mm。
I. The gap between point of switch rail and stock rail is more than 1 mm.
二、尖轨侧弯造成轨距不符合规定。
II. Lateral bending of switch rail causes the gauge to be nonconforming.
三、尖轨顶面宽 50mm 及以上断面处，尖轨顶面低于基本轨顶面。
III. At 50 mm wide or wider cross section at switch rail top, the switch rail top is lower than the stock rail
top.
四、尖轨顶面宽 50nm 及以下断面处，尖轨顶面高于基本轨顶面。
IV. At 50 mm wide or less wider cross section at switch rail top, the switch rail top is higher than the stock
rail top.
五、尖轨工作面伤损，继续发展，轮缘有爬上尖轨的可能。
V. Damage on the working face of switch rail is developing, and the flange is likely to creep on the switch
rail.
六、其他伤损达到钢轨轻伤标准时。
VI. Other damages reach the minor damage criteria for rail.
第 3.9.7 条基本轨有下列伤损或病害，应及时修理或更换：
Article 3.9.7 Stock rail shall be repaired or replaced in time in the case of the following damages or
defects:
一、曲股基本轨的弯折点位置或弯折尺寸不符合要求，造成轨距不符合规定。
I. The position of bending point or bending dimension of curved track stock rail does not meet the
requirement, resulting in a nonconforming gauge.
二、基本轨垂直磨耗，50kg／m 及以下钢轨，在正线上超过 6mm，到发线上超过 8mm，其他站线上超过
10mm。
II. The vertical wear of stock rail (50 kg/m and smaller rail) exceeds 6 mm on main line, 8 mm on
arrival-departure track and 10 mm on other station tracks.
三、其他伤损达到钢轨轻伤标准时。
III. Other damages reach the minor damage criteria for rail.
33
第 3.9.8 条道岔护轨螺栓、叉后间隔铁螺栓、钢枕立柱螺栓、接头铁联结螺栓必须齐全，作用良好，折断
时必须立即更换。同一部位同时有两条螺栓缺少或折损时，道岔应停止使用。
Article 3.9.8 Turnout guard rail bolts, spacing block bolts after frog, rail upright bolts and joint iron
connecting bolts must be complete and work properly, and must be replaced immediately in the case of
breakage. When two bolts are missing or broken at the same position, stop using the turnout.
第 3.9.9 条道岔各种零件应齐全，作用良好，缺少时应及时补充。有下列伤损或病害，应有计划地进行修
理或更换：
Article 3.9.9 Turnout parts shall be complete and work properly, and be supplemented in time in the
case of shortage. Repair or replacement shall be planned in the case of the following damages or
defects:
一、各种螺栓、连杆、顶铁和间隔铁损坏、变形或作用不良。
I. Damage, deformation or improper functioning of various bolts, connecting rods, jacking blocks and
spacing blocks.
二、滑床板损坏、变形或滑床台磨耗大于 3mm。
II. Damage or deformation of slide plate, or over 3 mm wear of sliding bench.
三、轨撑损坏、松动，轨撑与轨头下颚或轨撑与垫板挡肩离缝大于 2mm。
III. Damage or loosening of rail brace, or over 2 mm gap between rail brace and lower jaw of rail head or
between rail brace and baseplate shoulder.
四、护轨垫板折损。
IV. Breakage of guard rail baseplate.
五、其他各种零件损坏、变形或作用不良。
V. Damage, deformation or improper functioning of other various parts.
第 3.9.10 条辙叉伤损分轻伤和重伤两类。
Article 3.9.10 Damages of frog are divided into minor and major damages.
一、高锰钢整铸辙叉轻伤标准：
I. Minor damage criteria for solid high manganese steel frog:
1.辙叉心宽 40mm 断面处，辙叉心垂直磨耗(不含翼轨加高部分)，50kg／m 及以下钢轨，在正线上超过
4mm，到发线上超过 6mm，其他站线上超过 8mm；
1. At 40 mm wide cross section at frog center, the vertical wear of frog center (excluding the heightened
part of wing rail) (50 kg/m rail and rail below 50 kg/m) exceeds 4 mm on main line, 6 mm on
2.辙叉顶面和侧面的任何部位有裂纹。
2. Crack on any top and side positions of frog.
3.钢轨探伤人员探伤有伤损的辙叉。
3. Frog detected as being damaged by rail diagnosis personnel.
二、高锰钢整铸辙叉重伤标准：
II. Major damage criteria for solid high manganese steel frog:
1.辙叉心宽 40mm 断面处，辙叉心垂直磨耗(不含翼轨加高部分)，50kg／m 及以下钢轨，在正线上超过
6mm，到发线上超过 8mm，其他站线上超过 10mm。
1. At 40 mm wide cross section at frog center, the vertical wear of frog center (excluding the heightened
part of wing rail) (50 kg/m rail and rail below 50 kg/m) exceeds 6 mm on main line, 8 mm on
2.垂直裂纹长度(含轨面部分裂纹长度)超过表 3.9.11—1 所列限度者。
2. Length of vertical crack (including length of cracks on rail surface) exceeds the limits given in Table
3.9.11-1.
34
垂直裂纹表 3.9.11—1
Vertical crack Table 3.9.11-1
辙叉心 mm) 辙叉翼(mm)

项目 Frog center (mm) Frog wing (mm)
Items 宽 0～50 宽 50 以后
0~50 wide Wider than 50
一条裂纹长度
50 50 40
Length of one crack
两条裂纹相加
60 80 60
Sum of two cracks
3.纵向水平裂纹长度超过表 3.9.11—2 所列限度者。

3. Length of longitudinal horizontal crack exceeds the limits given in Table 3.9.11-2.
纵向水平裂纹表 3.9.11—2
Longitudinal horizontal crack Table 3.9.11—2
项目辙叉心(mm) 辙叉翼(mm) 轮缘槽(mm)

Items Frog center (mm) Frog wing (mm) Flange way (mm)
一侧裂纹长度
100 80 200
Length of cracks at one side
一侧裂纹发展至轨面(含轨面部
A crack on one side developed to rail
surface (including 60 60
分裂纹长度)
length of crack on rail surface)
两侧裂纹贯通(指贯通长度)
Run-through cracks at both sides (referring 50
to run-through length)
两侧裂纹相对部分长度
Length of relative parts of cracks at both 100
sides
4.叉趾、叉跟轨头及下颚部位裂纹超过 30mm。
4. Length of cracks at frog toe end, rail head at frog heel end and lower jaw exceeds 30 mm.
5.叉趾、叉跟浇注断面变化部位斜向或水平裂纹长度超过 120mm，或虽未超过 120mm，但裂纹垂直高度
超过 40mm。
5. Length of oblique or horizontal cracks at varying part of the cast cross section at frog toe end and heel
end exceeds 120 mm, or even not exceeding 120 mm, the vertical height of crack exceeds 40 mm.
6.底板裂纹向内裂至轨腰，并超过轨腰与圆弧的连接点。
6. A crack on baseplate develops inwards to the rail web, and goes beyond the connecting point of rail
web and arc.
7.螺栓孔裂纹延伸至轨端、轨头下颚或轨底，两相邻螺栓孔裂通。
7. A crack at bolt hole extends to rail end, rail head lower jaw or rail bottom, or a crack runs through
between two adjacent bolt holes.
8.辙叉心、辙叉翼轨面剥落掉块长度超过 30mm，且深度超过 6mm。
8. Length of spalling on rail surface at frog center and frog wing rail exceeds 30 mm, and depth of the
same exceeds 6 mm.
35
9.钢轨探伤人员或线路(检查)工长认为有影响行车安全的其他缺陷。
9. In the opinion of the diagnosis personnel or railway (inspection) supervisor, there are other defects
that may affect the train operation safety.
辙叉有轻伤时，应注意检查观测，达到重伤标准时应及时更换。
Cares shall be taken to inspect and observe a frog with minor damage , and such frog shall be replaced
in time when the major damage criteria are met.
第 3.9.11 条单开道岔允许通过速度。
Article 3.9.11 Permissible through speed of single turnout
9 号道岔直向旅客列车 100km/h、货车 80km/h；侧向 35km/h。
In the case of No.9 turnout, the permissible speeds of passenger train and freight train through turnout
by straight track are 100 km/h and 80 km/h respectively; as for lateral track, 35 km/h.
12 号道岔直向旅客列车 120km/h、货车 80km/h；侧向 50km/h
In the case of No.12 turnout, the permissible speeds of passenger train and freight train through turnout
by straight track are 120 km/h and 80 km/h respectively; as for lateral track, 50 km/h.
第十节道口、标志及隔离栅栏
Section X Crossing, sign and separation fence
第 3.10.1 条道口铺面宽度应与道路路面宽度相同，且不应小于 2.5m。
Article 3.10.1 Crossing pavement width shall equal to road pavement width, and shall not be less than
2.5 m.
第 3.10.2 条钢轨头部外侧 50mm 范围内，道口铺面应低于轨面 5mm。
Article 3.10.2 Within 50 mm outside rail head, crossing pavement shall be 5 mm lower than rail surface.
第 3.10.3 条道口上道路与铁路应正交。有困难时，其交角应大于 45°。
Article 3.10.3 Road and railway shall orthogonalize at crossing. Where it is difficult of do so, their angle
of intersection shall be larger than 45°.
第 3.10.4 条护轨轮缘槽宽度，直线上应为 70～100mm，曲线内股应为 90～100mm；轮缘槽深度应为 45～
60mm。护轨两端做成喇叭口，距护轨端 300mm 处弯向线路中心，其终端距钢轨工作边应为 150～180mm。
Article 3.10.4 The width of guard rail flange way shall by 70~100 mm on straight track and 90~100 mm
on inner curved track; the depth of flange way shall be 45~60 mm. Both ends of guard rail shall be made
into the shape of bellmouth, guard rail shall bend towards the track center at 300 mm from end of guard
rail, and its end shall be 150~180 mm away from gauge line.
第 3.10.5 条在道口处的道路上应根据需要设置护桩(路堑内及城市市区内可不设护桩)，护桩应设在道口附
近的道路两侧。在铁路上距道口 500～1000m 处应设置司机鸣笛标(站内或站内道口两端不设)。
Article 3.10.5 Where necessary, protective stakes shall be provided on the road at crossing (no
protective stake is required within cutting and urban area), and shall be set on both sides of the road
near crossing. A whistling mark shall be set at 500~1000 m from crossing (no such sign is required in
station or at both ends of crossing in station).
第 3.10.6 条有人看守道口除按第 3.10.5 条规定办理外，还应修建道口看守房，在距最外股钢轨不小于 3m
处设置带有标志(标志为红色圆牌，有条件的地方夜间可安设红灯)的栏杆或栏门，根据需要可安装自动显
示装置和自动栏木，并应设置道口照明、道口自动信号及报警装置、监视道口与车站及机车联控的通信装
置和电铃等设备，备有防护信号用具、钟表和扩音器。
Article 3.10.6 At attended crossings, except for following the provisions in Article 3.10.5, a guard room
shall also be built , and railing or isolation gate provided with sign (the sign shall be a red round plate,
and a red lamp may be mounted for night where conditions permit) shall be set at least 3 m from the
outermost track, an automatic display device and automatic roadway gate may installed according to the
needs, and equipment such as lighting, automatic signaling and alarm devices, crossing and station
monitoring devices, communication devices jointly controlled by locomotive, electronic bell, etc., signal
protection appliances, clocks and loudspeaker, etc. shall also be equipped at crossing.
有人看守道口应设置可靠的电源。
A reliable power supply shall be equipped at attended crossing.
36
栏木或栏门应以对道路开放为定位。以对道路关闭为定位时，必须经铁运维公司批准。栏木或栏门对道路
关闭时，是道路禁止通行的标志。
Isolation gate or roadway gate shall be positioned based on opening to road When they are positioned
based on closing to road, the approval of the Project Office. When an isolation gate or roadway gate is
closed to road, it is a sign of no entry for road.
第 3.10.6 条平过道应根据站、段、场、所的作业需要适当设置。其铺面根据具体情况可参照道口铺面办理。
Article 3.10. 6 Cross track passages shall be set according to the operation requirements at station,
depot, yard and substation. Their pavement may be built in reference to crossing pavement as the
specific circumstances may require.
第 3.10.7 条线路大、中修经过道口时，应更换失效及不符合要求的道口铺面板和护轨，整修两侧平台及排
水设备。
Article 3.10.7 When overhaul or medium repair of railway passes through a crossing, failed and
nonconforming pavement decks and guard rails at crossing shall be replaced, and platforms at both
sides and drainage equipment shall be repaired.
第 3.10.8 条线路标志及信号标志的式样应符合标准图的规定，并保持完整、位置正确、标志鲜明。
Article 3.10.8 The pattern of track and signal signs shall meet the requirements of standard diagram,
and be maintained complete, correctly positioned and distinctly marked.
线路标志包括公里标、半公里标、百米标、曲线标、圆曲线和缓和曲线始终点标、桥隧涵标、坡度标。
Track signs include kilometer sign, half kilometer sign, 100 meter sign, curve sign, starting point and end
point signs of round curve and easement curve, bridge/tunnel/culvert sign and gradient sign.
信号标志(与工务有关的)包括警冲标、司机鸣笛标、减速地点标和作业标。
Signal signs (related to maintenance) include fouling post, whistling mark, speed reduction sign and
work sign.
线路、信号标志设置的位置：
Locations for line and signal signs:
一、线路标志在单线上顺计算里程方向设于线路左侧，在双线上各设于本线列车运行方向左侧。
I. Track signs shall be set on the left side of single track along the direction for kilometerage calculation
and the left side of double track in the train running direction.
二、信号标志顺列车运行方向设于线路左侧。
II. Signal signs shall be set on the left side of railway along the train running direction.
三、各种标志(警冲标除外)内侧应距线路中心 3.1m 以外。
III. The inner side of various signs (except for fouling post) shall be 3.1 m away from track center.
四、警冲标应设在会合线路两线间距为 4m 的起点处中间，有曲线时按限界加宽办法加宽；两线间距不足
4m 时，应设在两线最大间距的起点处中间。
IV. Fouling posts shall be set at the middle of the starting point where the distance between two joining
lines is 4 m, and in the case of curve, it shall be widened with the gauge widening method; when the
distance between two lines is less than 4 m, it shall be set at the middle of starting point where the
distance between the two line is the largest.
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第四章线路设备修理主要作业要求
Chapter IV Main Requirements for track equipment Repair
第一节线路清筛施工作业
Section I Construction of line cleaning
第 4.1.1 条成破底清筛应采用大型养路机械施工，施工天窗不应少于 180min，并应连续安排施工天窗。慢
行距离以日进度的 4 倍为宜。
Article 4.1.1 Ballast cleaning shall be carried out by large road maintenance machinery, for which,
construction windows shall not be less than 180min, and shall be arranged successively. Slow-moving
distance should be four times of the daily progress.
第 4.1.2 条成段破底清筛前，应根据既有线路情况和清筛施工要求预卸足够的道碴。
Article 4.1.2 Prior to ballast cleaning of entire section, enough ballast shall be prepared in advance
according to the conditions of the existing line and the cleaning construction requirements.
第 4.1.3 条成组更换道岔和岔枕时，应全部更换为新道碴。
Article 4.1.3 To replace turnout and turnout sleepers in group, they shall all be replaced with new
ballast.
第 4.1.4 条道床一般清筛枕盒清筛深度为枕底向下 50～100m，并做好排水坡；边坡清筛为轨枕头外全部
道碴，宜使用边坡清筛机施工。清筛后应及时夯实、捣固。
Article 4.1.4 During general ballast clean, the crib cleaning depth shall be 50~100 m below sleeper
bottom, and drainage slope shall be prepared; during side slope cleaning, all ballast outside sleeper
head shall be cleaned, and slope ballast cleaner should be used for this purpose. After cleaning, ballast
shall be compacted and tamped in a timely manner.
第二节起道捣固和垫碴作业
Section II Track lifting, compaction and ballast packing operations
第 4.2.1 条采用大型养路机械进行线路综合维修作业时，全面起道，全面捣固。
Article 4. 2.1 During comprehensive repair operation with large road maintenance machinery, tracks
shall be lifted and compaction shall be carried out in a comprehensive manner.
采用小型养路机械时，可根据线路状态重点起道，全面捣固。
Where small road maintenance machinery is used, key tracks may be lifted according to the railway
conditions, and compaction shall be carried out in a comprehensive manner.
第 4.2.2 条垫碴起道应具备的条件：
Article 4.2.2 For ballast packing and track lifting, the following conditions shall be met:
一、混凝土枕或混凝土岔枕道岔。
I. Turnout with concrete sleepers or concrete turnout sleepers.
二、路基稳定，无翻浆。
II. Stable subgrade without mud-pumping.
三、道床较稳定，局部下沉量较小。
III. Stable ballast bed with little local settlement.
四、垫碴使用的道碴应符合第 3.2.3 条的规定。
IV. Ballast to be used for ballast packing shall meet the requirements in Article 3.2.3.
第 4.2.3 条垫碴注意事项。
Article 4.2.3 Precautions for ballast packing:
一、垫碴采用横向垫碴。
I. Apply transverse ballast packing.
二、垫碴起道时，一次垫入的厚度不得超过 20mm，抬起高度不得超过 50mm，两台起道机应同起同落。
垫碴作业每撬长度不得超过 6 根轨枕，并随垫随填，夯实道床。
II. During track lifting for ballast packing, the packing thickness in one time shall not exceed 20 mm, the
lifting height shall not be more than 50 mm, and two track lifting machines shall lift and lower at the same
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time. The prying length of each time during ballast packing shall not exceed 6 sleepers, ballast shall be
packed along with filling, and ballast bed shall be compacted.
第 4.2.4 条起道作业收工时，顺坡率应满足：
Article 4.2. 4 Upon completion of track lifting work, the rate of superelevation slope shall:
允许速度不大于 120km／h 的线路不应大于 2.0‰。
not be greater than 2.0‰ for railway with allowable speed no more than 120 km/h.
第三节拨道和改道作业
Section III Track lifting and realignment
第 4.3.1 条线路直线地段轨向不良，可用目测方法拨正。曲线地段轨向不良，可用绳正法测量、计算与拨
正。如需改变曲线头尾位置、缓和曲线长度与圆曲线半径，应用仪器测量改动。
Article 4.3.1 Where the track direction is not correct in straight track section, it may be corrected through
visual examination. Where the track direction is incorrect in curved section, the string lining method may
be used for survey, calculation and correction. To change the head and end positions of curve, the
length of easement curve and the radius of round curve, instruments shall be used for survey and
modification.
第 4.3.2 条用绳正法拨正曲线的基本要求。
Article 4.3.2 The basic requirements for correction of curve with the string lining method are as follows:
一、曲线两端直线轨向不良，应事先拨正；两曲线间直线段较短时，可与两曲线同时拨正。
I. Straight tracks at both ends of curve whose direction is not correct shall be corrected first; where the
straight section is short between two curves, it can be corrected together with the two curves.
二、在外股钢轨上用钢尺丈量，每 10m 设置 1 个测点(曲线头尾是否在测点上不限)。
II. Measure with a steel tape on the outer track, and set a measuring point every 10 m (it doesn't matter
whether the head and end of curve are on measuring point or not).
三、在风力较小条件下，拉绳测量每个测点的正矢，测量 3 次，取其平均值。
III. When the wind scale is small, set out a string to measure the versine at each measuring point,
measure three times, and calculate the average value.
四、按绳正法计算拨道量，计算时不宜为减少拨道量而大量调整计划正矢。
IV. Calculate the track lifting amount with the string lining method, where, during calculation, the planned
versine should not be significantly adjusted to reduce the track lifting amount.
五、设置拨道桩，按桩拨道。
V. Set track lifting stakes, and lift tracks by the stakes.
第 4.3.3 条改道时，混凝土枕地段应调整不同号码扣板、轨距挡板、挡板座。同时应修理和更换不良扣件。
Article 4.3.3 During realignment, concrete sleeper sections shall be adjusted with differently numbered
clip, angled guide plate and apron base. In the meantime, defective fasteners shall be repaired or
replaced.
改道的前后作业程序应紧密衔接，保证起下道钉和松开扣件的数量不超过《铁路工务安全规则》的规定。
Work processes before and after realignment shall be arranged in a closely linked manner to ensure the
numbers of lifted spikes and loosened fasteners does not exceed those specified by the Regulations on
Railway Maintenance Safety.
第 4.3.4 条在道岔转辙部分改道时，应将曲股基本轨弯折尺寸和尖轨侧弯整修好。在辙叉部分改道时，应
处理好查照间隔、护背距离和翼轨、护轨轮缘槽宽度之间的关系应用打磨钢轨肥边和间隔铁加垫片等方法
调整好轮缘槽宽度。
Article 4.3.4 To realign at turnout switch, the bending dimensions of curved track stock rail and the lateral
bending of switch rail shall be repaired. During realignment of frog section, the relationship among
check gauge, guard rail face gauge and wing rail, and the width of guard rail flange way shall be properly
handled, and methods such as grinding of rail lip, adding a gasket for spacing block, etc. shall be used to
adjust the width of flange way.
第 4.3.5 条凡有硬弯的钢轨，均应于铺轨前矫直。常备轨亦应保持顺直。线路上的钢轨硬弯，应在轨温较
高季节矫直，矫直时轨温应高于 25℃。
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Article 4.3.5 Rails subject to hard bending shall be straightened before laying. Stock rails shall be kept
straight. Hard bent rails on the line shall be straightened in high rail temperature season, and during
straightening, the rail temperature shall be higher than 25℃.
矫直钢轨前，应测量确认硬弯的位置、形状和尺寸，确定矫直点和矫直量，避免矫后硬弯复原或产生新弯。
矫直钢轨时，应防止钢轨扭曲。矫直钢轨后用 1m 直尺测量，矢度不得大于 0.5mm。
Prior to rail straightening, the position, shape and dimensions of hard bending shall be measured and
confirmed to determine the point and amount of straightening and prevent recovery of hard bending or
generation of new bending after the straightening. During rail straightening, distortion of rail shall be
prevented. When measuring with a 1m straightedge after rail straightening, the versine shall not be
higher than 0.5 mm.
第四节大型养路机械维修作业
Section IV Repair with large road maintenance machinery
第 4.4.1 条使用大型养路机械作业，有关部门应密切协作，确保施工安全，正点开通。
Article 4.4.1 During operation with large road maintenance machinery, relevant departments shall
cooperate closely to ensure the work safety and on-time operation of the line.
第 4.4.2 条使用大型养路机械进行线路维修作业时，应组织捣固车、动力稳定车、配碴整形车联合施工。
Article 4.4.2 During railway repair with large road maintenance machinery, tamping car, dynamic track
stabilizing car and ballast distributing and regulating car shall be organized for joint construction.
第 4.4.3 条捣固车一次起道量不宜超过 50mm，起道量超过 50mm 时应分两次起道捣固；一次拨道量不宜
超过 80mm，曲线地段上挑、下压量应尽量接近。每次作业后应进行道床动力稳定。
Article 4.4. 3 The amount of track lifting in one time for tamping should not exceed 50 mm, and tamping
shall be carried out in two times if more than 50 mm of track is lifted; the amount of track lining in one
time should not be more than 80 mm, and the amount of uplifting in curved track section shall be as
close to the amount of compacting as possible. After each time of operation, ballast bed shall be subject
to dynamic track stabilizing.
第 4.4.4 条使用大型养路机械进行线路维修前，维修中心应向施工单位提供有关线路技术资料。大型养路
机械在作业中应根据上述资料做好起道、拨道、捣固和夯拍工作。大型养路机械作业前，维修车间应做好
补充道碴、更换伤损扣件和撤除作业地段道口铺面、有碴桥上护轨（确认无影响时可以不撤除）等工作。
Article 4.4.4 Prior to railway repair with large road maintenance machinery, the maintenance center
shall provide relevant technical information of the line to construction unit. During operation with large
road maintenance machinery, track lifting, track lining, tamping and compaction shall be carried out in
accordance with the above information. Prior to operation with large road maintenance machinery, repair
workshop shall carry out such work as ballast supplementation, damaged fastener replacement, removal
of crossing pavement in operation section and guard rail on ballasted bridge (or not, if confirmed to have
no influence), etc.
第 4.4.5 条为保证捣固作业质量，步进式捣固车捣固频率每分钟不得超过 18 次，连续式捣固车捣固频率每
分钟不得超过 22 次。对桥头、道口、钢轨接头 4 根轨枕等薄弱处所，应增加捣固次数。
Article 4.4.5 To ensure the tamping quality, the tamping frequency of stepping tamping car shall not
exceed 18 times per minute, and that of continuous tamping car shall not be more than 22 times per
minute. The tamping times shall be increased for weak places such as bridge head, crossing, four
sleeper at rail joint, etc.
第五节调整轨缝作业
Section V Rail joint gap adjustment
第 4.5.1 条日常可根据更换钢轨或调整轨缝时的轨温、采用的 C 值和其后的轨温变化情况进行检算。
Article 4.5.1 Check calculations may be performed in day-to-day operation according to the rail
temperature and C value used at the time of rail replacement or rail joint gap adjustment and the
subsequent rail temperature variation.
第 4.5.2 条轨缝应保持均匀。有下列情况之一者，应进行调整：
Article 4.5.2 Rail joint gaps shall be maintained uniform. In the case of one of the following conditions,
adjustment shall be made:
40
一、原设置的轨缝不符合要求；
I. The former rail joint gap does not meet the requirement;
二、轨缝严重不均匀；
II. Rail joint gaps are significantly uneven;
三、线路爬行量超过 20mm；
III. The creeping amount is more than 20 mm;
四、轨温在第 3.4.6 条规定的调整轨缝轨温限制范围以内时，出现连续 3 个及以上瞎缝或轨缝大于构造轨
缝。
IV. When rail temperature is within the rail temperature limit for rail joint gap adjustment as specified in
Article 3.4.6, there are three or more successive closed joints or rail joint gaps that are larger than the
structural rail joint gap.
第 4.5.3 条成段调整轨缝时，应先调查计算，确定每根钢轨的串动方向和串动量，编制分段作业计划。如
因配轨不当，接头相错量较大时，应用缩短轨调节轨缝，不得用增减轨缝尺寸的方法调整接头相错量。
Article 4.5.3 During adjustment of rail joint gaps of a whole section, survey and calculate first to
determine the play direction and play amount of each rail, and prepare a segmented operation plan
accordingly. If due to incorrect track distribution design joints offset greatly, rail joint gap shall be
adjusted with shortened rail, and joint offset shall not be adjusted through increasing or decreasing the
size of rail joint gap.
41
第六章线路设备修理标准
Chapter VI track equipment Repair Criteria
第一节线路设备修理周期
Section I track equipment repair cycle
第 6.1.1 条铁路线路大、中修周期应按照表 6.1.1 规定的线路累计通过总重确定，并可根据各线的实际设
备状况、线路条件(如小半径曲线、大坡道或隧道等集中地段)、运输条件(如煤、砂、矿建等散装货物运输
集中地段)和自然条件(如风砂危害地段)等具体情况调整。
Article 6.1.1 The overhaul and medium repair cycles of railway shall be determined with the cumulative
traffic volumes given in Table 6.1.1, and can also be adjusted according to the specific conditions such
as actual equipment conditions and track conditions (e.g. sections concentrated with small radium
curves, large gradients or tunnels, etc.) of different tracks, transportation conditions (e.g. sections for
centralized transportation of bulk goods like coal, sands, ores, etc.) and natural conditions.
线路设备修理周期表表 6.1.1
track equipment repair cycles Table 6.1.1
轨道条件周期(通过总重，Mt)
Rail condition Cycle (gross traffic volume, Mt)
中修
轨型轨枕道床大修维修
Medium
Rail type Sleepers Ballast bed Overhaul Repair
repair
混凝土枕
50kg／m 普通线路碎石
Concrete 450 250 40～60
50kg/m ordinary railway Gravel
sleeper
注：当钢轨累计疲劳重伤平均达到 2～4 根／km 时，应安排线路大修。

Note: When the number of rails subject to cumulative major fatigue damage reaches 2~4 per kilometer in
average, a railway overhaul shall be arranged.
正线线路综合维修周期，由维保部按照表 6.1.1 规定的线路累计通过总重，结合线路大、中修周期，根据
各线的实际设备状况、线路条件、运输条件和自然条件等具体情况规定。
The comprehensive repair cycle of main line tracks shall be specified by the Repair & Maintenance
Department based on the cumulative traffic volumes given in Table 6.1.1, in combination with the
overhaul and medium repair cycles and according to specific conditions such as actual equipment
conditions on different tracks, track conditions, transportation conditions, natural conditions, etc.
道岔和站线的综合维修周期，由维保部规定。其中正线、到发线道岔的综合维修周期可与线路同步，但不
宜超过 2 年。
The comprehensive repair cycle of turnout and station track shall be specified by the Repair &
Maintenance Department. The comprehensive repair cycles of turnouts on main line and
arrival-departure track may be synchronized with the line and the track respectively, but should not
exceed two years.
第二节轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值
Section II Management values of allowable rail static geometrical dimension errors
第 6.2.1 条线路轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值如表 6.2.1 的规定。
Article 6.2.1 The management values of allowable rail static geometrical dimension errors are as given
in Table 6.2.1.
线路轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值表 6.2.1
Management values of allowable rail static geometrical dimension errors Table 6.2.1
υmax≤120km／h 正线及到发线
其他站线
项目 υmax≤120km/h for main line and
Other station tracks
Items arrival-departure track
作业验收经常保养临时补修作业验收经常保养临时补修
42
Operation Regular Temporary Operation Regular Temporary

acceptance maintenance repair acceptance maintenance repair
轨距(mm) +6 +7 +9 +6 +9 +10
Gauge (mm) -2 -4 -4 -2 -4 -4
水平(mm)
4 6 10 5 8 11
Level (mm)
高低(mm)
4 6 10 5 8 1l
Longitudinal level (mm)
轨向(直线)(mm)
Rail direction (straight 4 6 10 5 8 11
track) (mm)
三角坑缓和曲线
(扭 Easement 4 5 7 5 7 8
曲)(mm) curve
Twist of 直线和圆曲线
track Straight line
(twist) 4 6 9 5 8 10
and round
(mm) curve
注：①轨距偏差不含曲线上按规定设置的轨距加宽值，但最大轨距(含加宽值和偏差)不得超过 1456mm；
Note: ①The gauge deviation does not include the gauge widening value set on curve as required, but
the maximum gauge (including widening value and deviation) shall not exceed 1456 mm;
②轨向偏差和高低偏差为 10m 弦测量的最大矢度值；
②Deviations of rail direction and longitudinal level are the maximum versine measured with 10 m
chord;
③三角坑偏差不含曲线超高顺坡造成的扭曲量，检查三角坑时基长为 6.25m，但在延长 18m 的距离内无
超过表列的三角坑；
③Deviation of twist of track does not include the twist caused by superelevation slope of curve, the
baseline length is 6.25 m during inspection of twist of rack, but no twist of rock exceeding the value given
above occurs within 18 m of extension.
④专用线按其他站线办理。
④Refer to other station tracks for industrial siding.
第 6.2.2 条道岔轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值如表 6.2.2 的规定。
Article 6.2.2 The management values of allowable turnout static geometrical dimension errors are as
given in Table 6.2.2.
道岔轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值表 6.2.2
Management values of allowable turnout static geometrical dimension errors Table 6.2.2
υmax≤120km／h 正线及到发线
其他站线
υmax≤120km/h for main line and
Other station tracks
项目 arrival-departure track
Items 作业验收经常保养临时补修作业验收经常保养临时补修
Operation Regular Temporary Operation Regular Temporary
acceptance maintenance repair acceptance maintenance repair
轨距(mm) +3 +5 +6 +3 +5 +6
Gauge (mm) -2 -3 -3 -2 -3 -3
水平(mm)
4 6 9 6 8 10
Level (mm)
高低(mm) 4 6 9 6 8 10
43

直线
轨向 Straight 4 6 9 6 8 10
Rail track
direction
(mm) 支距
2 3 4 2 3 4
Offset
三角坑(扭曲)(mm)
Twist of track (twist) 4 6 9 5 8 10
(mm)
注：①支距偏差为现场支距与计算支距之差；
Note: ①The offset deviation is the difference between field offset and calculated offset.
②导曲线下股高于上股的限值：作业验收为 0，经常保养为 2mm，临时补惨为 3mm；
②Limit for height difference between lower and upper tracks on divert curve: 0 for operation acceptance,
2 mm for regular maintenance, and 3 mm for temporary repair;
③三角坑偏差不含曲线超高顺坡造成的扭曲量，检查三角坑时基长为 6.25m。但在延长 18m 的距离内无
超过表列的三角坑；
③Deviation of twist of track does not include the twist caused by superelevation slope of curve, and the
baseline length is 6.25 m during inspection of twist of rack. But no twist of rock exceeding the value given
above occurs within 18 m of extension.
④尖轨尖处轨距的作业验收的容许偏差管理值为±1mm；
④The management value of allowable deviation for operation acceptance of switch rail gauge is ±1mm;
⑤专用线道岔按其他站线道岔办理。
⑤Refer to turnouts on other stations tracks for turnout on industrial siding.
第 6.2.3 条轨道静态几何尺寸容许偏差管理值中，作业验收管理值为线路设备大修、综合维修、经常保养
和临时补修作业的质量检查标准；经常保养管理值为轨道应经常保持的质量管理标准；临时补修管理值为
应及时进行轨道整修的质量控制标准。
Article 6.2.3 In the management values of allowable static rail geometrical dimension errors,
management values for operation acceptance are the quality inspection criteria for overhaul,
comprehensive repair, regular maintenance and temporary repair of track equipment; the management
values for regular maintenance are the quality inspection criteria that shall be maintained for tracks; the
management values for temporary repair are the quality control criteria for track repair that shall be
carried out in time.
第三节轨道动态不平顺管理值
Section III Management values of irregularity of track under train load
第 6.3.1 条线路动态不平顺是指线路不平顺的动态质量反映，主要通过轨道检查车进行检测。
Article 6.3.1 The irregularity of track under train load refers to the irregularity of track reflected by
dynamic quality, and is mainly checked by track inspection car.
一、轨道检查车对轨道动态局部不平顺(峰值管理)检查的项目为轨距、水平、高低、轨向、三角坑、车体
垂向振动加速度和横向振动加速度七项。各项偏差等级划分为四级：I 级为保养标准，Ⅱ级为舒适度标准，
Ⅲ级为临时补修标准，Ⅳ级为限速标准。各级容许偏差管理值见表 6.3.1—1。
I. The inspection items of track inspection car for local irregularity of track (peak management) are gauge,
level, longitudinal level, rail direction, twist of track, vertical vibration acceleration and horizontal
vibration acceleration of car body. Various deviations are divided into four classes: Class I is the
maintenance criterion, Class II is the comfort criterion, Class III is the temporary repair criterion, and
Class IV is the speed restriction criterion. See Table 6.3.1-1 for the management values of allowable
deviations of various classes.
轨道动态质量容许偏差管理值表 6.3.1—1
Management values of allowable rail dynamic quality errors Table 6.3.1—1
项目 υmax≤120km／h 正线
44
Items υmax≤120km／h for main line

I级 Ⅱ级 Ⅲ级 Ⅳ级
Class I Class II Class III Class IV
轨距(mm) +8 +12 +20 +24
Gauge (mm) -6 -8 -10 -12
水平(mm)
8 12 18 22
Level (mm)
高低(mm)
8 12 20 24
轨向(mm)
8 10 16 20
Rail direction (mm)
扭曲(三角坑)(mm)(基线 2.4m)
8 10 14 16
Twist (twist of track) (mm) (baseline 2.4 m)
车体垂向加速度(g)
0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Vertical acceleration of car body (g)
车体横向加速度(g)
0.06 0.10 0.15 O.20
Horizontal acceleration of car body (g)
注：①表中各种偏差限值为实际幅值的半峰值；
Note: ①Various deviation limits above are the half peak value of actual amplitude;
②高低、轨向不平顺按实际值评定；
②Longitudinal level and irregularity of rail direction shall be assessed according to the actual values;
③水平限值不含曲线上按规定设置的超高值及超高顺坡量；
③The level limit does not include the superelevation and the superelevation slope set on curve as
required.
④三角坑限值包含缓和曲线超高展坡造成的扭曲量；
④The twist of track limit includes the twist due to superelevation slope unfolding of easement curve;
⑤固定型辙叉的有害空间部分不检查轨距、轨向。其他检查项目及检查标准与线路相同。
⑤Gauge and rail direction are not to be inspected in hazardous space of fixed frog. Other inspection
items and inspection criteria are the same as those for track inspection.
二、轨道检查车检查线路区段整体不平顺(均值管理)的动态质量用轨道质量指数(TQI)评定。轨道质量指数
管理值见表 6.3.1—2。
II. The overall irregularity (average value management) dynamic quality of track section inspected by
track inspection car is assessed with track quality indexes (TQI). See Table 6.3.1 for the management
values of TQIs.
轨道质量指数(TQI)管理值表 6.3.1—2
Management values of track quality indexes (TQIs) Table 6.3.1—2
高低轨向轨距三角坑
项目水平
Longitudinal Rail Track Twist of TQI
Items Level
level direction gauge track
管理值 υmax≤160m／h 2.5×2 2.2×2 1.6 1.9 2.1 15.0
Management
value υmax>160km／h 1.5×2 1.6×2 1.1 1.3 1.4 10.O
45
第四节线路设备大、中修和综合维修验收标准
Section IV Acceptance criteria for overhaul, medium repair and comprehensive repair of track
equipment
第 6.4.1 条线路设备大、中修应按设计文件及表 6.4.1 进行验收，主要项目(轨向、高低、线路锁定、道床
清筛、捣固质量、路基排水)一次达到标准，可评为“优良”。如有主要项目不符合标准，次要项目漏项或
不合格，经整修后复验达到标准，评为“合格”。
Article 6.4.1 Overhaul and medium repair of track equipment shall be accepted in accordance design
documents and Table 6.4.1, and can be assessed as "Good" if the criteria for the main items (rail
direction, longitudinal level, track locking, ballast bed cleaning, tamping quality, subgrade drainage) are
met in one time. If the criteria for the main items are not met, the work has an omission or failure in
secondary items, but the criteria are met in re-inspection after correction, it can be assessed as
'acceptable'.
线路大、中修验收标准表 6.4.1
Acceptance criteria for railway overhaul and medium repairable 6.4.1
顺序项目质量标准
Sequence Items Quality criteria
1.符合作业验收标准
轨距 1. The work acceptance criteria are met.
1 Track 2.线路轨距变化率不得大于 2‰，其他线路不得大于 2‰
gauge 2. The gauge variation rates of railway and other tracks shall both not be
greater than 2‰.
水平符合作业验收标准
2
Level The work acceptance criteria are met.
1.直线目视顺直，符合作业验收标准
1. The work acceptance criteria are met if a straight track is straight as
inspected visually.
轨向 2.曲线方向圆顺，曲线正矢符合作业验收标准
3 Rail 2. It is round and smooth in curve direction, and the curve versine meets the
direction work acceptance criterion.
3.曲线始、终端不得有反弯或“鹅头”
3. No reversed curve or 'gooseneck' is allowed at the link of easement curve
and straight line.
1.目视平展，符合作业验收标准
高低 1. The work acceptance criteria are met if it is flat as inspected visually.
4 Longitudinal 2.轨顶标高与设计标高误差不得大于 20mm
level 2. The errors of rail top elevation and design elevation shall not be more than
20 mm.
三角坑
符合作业验收标准
5 Twist of
The work acceptance criteria are met.
track
1.捣固、夯拍均匀
1. The tamping and compaction are uniform.
捣固 2.空吊板：无连续空吊板；连续检查 50 头，正线、到发线不得超过 8％，其他站
6 线不得超过 12％
Tamping
2. Suspended sleeper: There are no suspended sleepers in succession; there
is no more than 8% in 50 successive sleepers inspected for main line and
arrival-departure track, and 12% for other station tracks.
46
1.路肩平整，无大草,并有向外流水横坡
1. The shoulder is leveled without grass, and is provided with transverse grade
路基及排水 to drain water outwards.
7 Subgrade
2.侧沟捧水畅通
and
2. Water flow is not blocked in side ditch.
drainage
3.符合设计要求
3. The design requirements are met.
1.清筛清洁，道碴中粒径小于 25mm 的颗粒质量不得大于 5％
1. During ballast cleaning, the mass of ballast particles with particle size
smaller than 25 mm shall not be more than 5%.
道床 2.清筛深度达到设计要求
8
Ballast bed 2. The cleaning depth is in line with design requirement.
3.道床密实、符合设计断面。边坡整齐
3. The ballast is compacted and in line with the designed cross section. The
side slope is tidy.
1.位置方正、均匀，间距和偏斜误差不得超过 40mm
1. Sleepers are correctly and evenly positioned, with interval and deviation
errors no more than 40 mm.
轨枕 2.无失效，无严重伤损
9
Sleepers 2. No sleeper is subject to failure or major damage.
3.混凝土宽枕间距和偏斜误差均不得超过 30mm
3. Interval and deviation errors of concrete broad sleeper shall not exceed 30
mm.
1.混凝土枕
1. Concrete sleeper
(1)螺旋道钉无损坏。丝扣及螺杆全面涂油
(1) No screw spike is damaged. Threads and screws are all lubricated.
(2)弹条扣件的弹条中部前靖下颚应靠贴轨距挡板(离缝不大于 1mm)或螺栓扭矩
为 80-120N·m
(2) Lower jaws in the middle and at the front end of spring clip of spring clip
fastening shall be attached to angled guide plate (with gap no more than 1
mm), or the bolt torque shall be 80-120N·m.
(3)扣件位置正确，平贴轨底，顶紧挡肩，扣板歪斜及不密贴大于 2mm 者不得超
过 6％(连续检查 100 头)
(3) Fasteners are correctly positioned, in close contact with the bottom of rail
扣件 and closely attached to the shoulder, and the percentage of clips subject to
10
Fastener skew and non-close contact over 2mm is no more than 6% (inspection of 100
pieces in succession).
(4)橡胶垫板、垫片及衬垫无缺少、损坏，歪斜者不得超过 8％(连续检查 100 头)
(4) The percentage of missing, damaged and deflected rubber plates, gaskets
and liners is no more than 8% (inspection of 100 pieces in succession).
2.木枕
2. Wooden sleeper
(1)垫板歪斜及不密贴者不得超过 6％(连续检查 100 头)
(1) The percentage of sleepers subject to skew and non-close contact is no
more than 6% (inspection of 100 pieces in succession).
(2)道钉浮离或螺纹道钉未拧紧不得超过 8％(连续检查 100 头)
(2) The percentage of floating spikes or unfastened screw spikes is no more
than 8% (inspection of 100 pieces in succession).
47
1.钢轨无硬弯，接头轨面及内侧错牙不得超过 1mm
1. Rails are not subject to hard bending, and the unevenness at rail ends
surface and inner side shall not exceed 1 mm.
(一)
2.接头相错：直线不得超过 20mm，曲线不得超过 20mm 加缩短轨缩短量的一半
(I)
2. Rail ends offset: The offset shall not be more than 20 mm for straight tracks,
新钢轨及配 and 20 mm plus half of the shortened length of shortened rail for curved tracks.
件
3.轨缝每千米总误差：25m 钢轨不得超过 80mm
New rail and
3. Gross error per kilometer for rail joint gap: The gross error shall not exceed
parts 80 mm for 25 m rail.
4.接头螺栓涂油，扭矩达到标准
4. Joint bolts are lubricated, and the torque meets the criterion.
11
1.钢轨无硬弯，接头轨面及内侧错牙不得超过 lmm
1. Rails are not subject to hard bending, and the unevenness at rail ends
surface and inner side shall not exceed 1 mm.
(二)
2.接头相错：直线不得超过 40mm，曲线不得超过 40mm 加缩短轨缩短量的一半
(II)
2. Rail ends offset: The offset shall not be more than 40 mm for straight tracks,
再用轨及配 and 40 mm plus half of the shortened length of shortened rail for curved tracks.
件 3.轨缝每千米总误差：25m 钢轨不得超过 80mm，12.5m 钢轨不得超过 160mm
reusable rail 3. Gross error per kilometer for rail joint gap: The gross error shall not exceed
and parts 80 mm for 25 m rail, and 160 mm for 12.5 m rail.
4.接头螺栓涂油，扭矩达到标准
4. Joint bolts are lubricated, and the torque meets the criterion.
1.安装齐全，无失效
防爬设备 1. The installation is complete without failure.
13 Anti-creep
equipment 2.普通线路爬行量不得超过 20mm
2. The creep of ordinary railway shall not exceed 20 mm.
1.铺面平整牢固，轮缘槽符合标准
1.The pavement is level and firm, and the flange way meets the criteria.
道口 2.两侧平台平整
14
Crossing 2.Platforms at both sides are level.
3.排水设施良好
3.Drainage facilities are in good condition.
1.标志齐全、正确，字迹清晰
1. Signs are complete, correct and legible.
2.钢轨上的标记齐全、正确、清晰
线路外观 2. Marks on rail are complete, correct and legible.
15
Appearance 3.弃土清除干净
3. Spoils are thoroughly removed.
4.无散失道碴
4. There's no spilled ballast.
旧料回收
旧料如数回收，运至指定地点，堆码整齐，并按规定移交
16 Recovery of
Old materials are completely recovered, transported to designated locations,
old
piled in order, and handed over as required.
materials
第 6.4.2 条成组更换新道岔应按设计文件及表 6.4.2 进行验收。主要项目(轨向、高低、道床清筛和捣固质

量、尖轨、辙叉与护轨状态、道岔锁定轨温)一次达到标准，可评为“优良”。如有主要项目不符合标准，
次要项目漏项或不合格，经整修后复验达到标准，评为“合格”。
Article 6.4.2 Replacement of new turnouts in group shall be accepted in accordance with design
48
documents and Table 6.4.2. The work can be assessed as "Good" if the criteria for the main items (rail
direction, longitudinal level, ballast bed cleaning, tamping quality, state of switch rail, frog and guard rail,
turnout fastening-down rail temperature) are met in one time. If the criteria for the main items are not met,
the work has an omission or failure in secondary items, but the criteria are met in re-inspection after
correction, it can be assessed as 'acceptable'.
更换新道岔验收标准表 6.4.2
Acceptance criteria for new turnout replacement Table 6.4.2
1.符合作业验收标准
1. The work acceptance criteria are met.
轨矩
1 2.轨距变化率不得大于大于 2‰(不含构造轨距加宽顺坡)
Gauge
2. The gauge variation rate shall not be greater than 2‰ (excluding
widened structural gauge slope).
符合作业验收标准，导曲线内股不得高于外股
水平
2 The work acceptance criteria are met, and the inner track on divert curve
Level
shall not be higher than the outer track.
1.直线目视直顺，符合作业验收标准
1. The work acceptance criteria are met if a straight track is straight as
inspected visually.
轨向 2.导曲线支距符合作业验收标准
3
Rail direction 2. The divert curve offset meets the work acceptance criteria.
3.连接曲线用 10m 弦量，连续正矢差不得超过 2mm
3. The successive versine difference shall not exceed 2 mm when using a
10 m chord to measure connected curves.
高低
符合作业验收标准
4 Longitudinal
The work acceptance criteria are met.
level
道床密实、清洁，道碴中粒径小于 25mm 的颗粒质量不得大于 5％，符合设
计断面，边坡整齐
道床
5 Ballast bed is compacted and clean, the mass of ballast particles with
Ballast bed
particle size smaller than 25 mm shall not be more than 5%, it is consistent
with the design cross section, and side slopes are tidy.
1.间距误差不得超过 20mm，配置符合要求
1. The pitch error shall not be more than 20 mm, and the configuration shall
be consistent with requirements.
2.无失效，无失修
2. No sleeper is subject to failure or disrepair.
岔枕
6
Turnout sleeper 3.无连续空吊板；连续检查 50 头，空吊板不得超过 6％
3. There are no suspended sleepers in succession; the percentage of
suspended sleeper is no more than 6% in 50 successive sleepers
inspected.
4.混凝土岔枕符合标准
4. Concrete turnout sleepers meet the criteria.
基本轨、导轨钢轨无硬弯。钢轨接头轨面及内侧错牙不得超过 1mm
7 Stock rail and Rails are not subject to hard bending. The unevenness at rail ends
lead rail surface and inner side shall not exceed 1 mm.
1.尖轨竖切部分与基本轨密贴
尖轨
8 1. The vertical cut part of switch rail is in close contact with stock rail.
Switch rail
2.尖轨动程符合设计要求
49
2. The switch rail stroke is in line with design requirements.
平均轨缝误差不得大于 3mm，绝缘接头不得小于 6mm
轨缝
9 The average error of rail joint gap shall not be greater than 3 mm, and shall
Rail joint gap
not be smaller than 6 mm for insulating joint.
1.连接杆不得脱节、松动，销子齐全、有效
1. The connection rod shall not be disjointed or loosened, and pins shall be
complete and effective.
转辙联结零件
2.滑床板平直并与尖轨密贴，每侧不密贴的不得超过 1 块
10 Switch
2. Slide plates are flat and in close contact with switch rail, and the number
connecting
of slide plates not in close contact at each side shall not be more than 1.
parts
3.轨撑与钢轨不密贴的，每侧不得超过一个
3. The number of rail brace not in close contact with rail shall not be more
than one at each side.
1.查照问隔不得小于 1391mm
辙叉与护轨 1. The check gauge shall not be less than 1391 mm.
11 Frog and guard
rail 2.护背距离不得大于 1348mm
2. The guard rail face gauge shall not be greater than 1348 mm.
1.螺栓齐全，无松动，扭矩符合要求，涂油
1. Bolts are complete without loosening, meet the torque requirement and
lubricated.
2.道钉浮离不得超过 8％
其他联结零件 2. The percentage of floating spike shall not be more than 8%.
12 Other
connecting 3.铁垫板及橡胶垫板、橡胶垫片齐全，歪斜的不得超过 6％
parts 3. Steel pads and rubber plates and gaskets are complete, and the
percentage of skewed pads, plates and gaskets shall not exceed 6%.
4.扣件齐全、密靠，离缝不得超过 6％
4. Fasteners are complete and in close contact, and the percentage of
gapped ones shall not be more than 6%.
防爬设备齐全、有效，尖轨与基本轨、尖轨与尖轨问的相错量不得超过 10mm
13 Anti-creep The equipment are complete and effective, and offsets between switch rail
equipment and stock rail and between switch rails shall not exceed 10 mm.
锁定轨温锁定轨温符合设计文件要求
15 Fastening-down The fastening-down rail temperature meets the requirement of design
rail temperature document.
1.道岔钢轨编号，各部尺寸用油漆标记正确，字迹清晰
1. Turnout rails are numbered, and dimensions are correctly and legibly
外观 marked with paint.
18
Appearance
2.旧料收集干净
2. Old materials are completely collected.
第 6.4.3 条验收其他线路设备大修工程时，应参照线路大、中修进行质量评定。具体验收标准由运维公司
制定。
Article 6.4.3 During the acceptance of overhaul work of other track equipment, assess the quality in
reference to the criteria for railway overhaul and medium repair. The specific acceptance criteria shall be
specified by the Project Office.
第 6.4.4 条线路综合维修验收评分标准如表 6.4.4 的规定。满分为 100 分，100～85 分为优良，85(不含)～
60 分为合格，60 分以下为失格。失格线路整修复验后，在 60 分及以上者为合格。
Article 6.4.4 The scoring criteria for acceptance of comprehensive track repair are as specified in Table
6.4.4. The total score is 100, scores between 100 and 85 are assessed as Good, scores between 85
50
(excluding) and 60 are assessed as Acceptable, and scores below 60 are assessed as Failure. After
repair and re-inspection, tracks assessed as Failure are acceptable if the score is 60 or higher.
第 6.4.5 条道岔综合维修验收评分标准如表 6.4.6 的规定。满分为 100 分，100～85 分为优良，85(不含)～
60 分为合格，60 分以下为失格。失格线路整修复验后，在 60 分及以上者为合格。
Article 6.4. 5 The scoring criteria for acceptance of comprehensive turnout repair are as specified in
Table 6.4.6. The total score is 100, scores between 100 and 85 are assessed as Good, scores between
85 (excluding) and 60 are assessed as Acceptable, and scores below 60 are assessed as Failure. After
repair and re-inspection, tracks assessed as Failure are acceptable if the score is 60 or higher.
51
线路综合维修验收评分标准表 6.4.4
Scoring criteria for acceptance of comprehensive track repairable 6.4.4
扣分条件扣分
编号 Condition for penalty point 抽验数量 (分)
项目内容单位说明
Reference 正线及到发线 Quantity of spot Penalty
Items submitted 其他站线 Unit Notes
number Main line and check point
Other station tracks (score)
arrival-departure track
超过作业验收标准容许偏差
1 Exceeding the allowable 同左处
4
deviation for work Same as the left column Nr.
acceptance criteria
超过经常保养标准容许偏差选择质量较差地段，
轨距、水平、
Exceeding the allowable
三角坑同左处有曲线时检测一个曲
2 deviation for regular 连续检测 100m 41
Gauge, maintenance acceptance
Same as the left column Nr. 线的正矢，曲线正矢
Inspect 100 m in
level and criteria succession 超过作业验收标准容
twist of 许偏差每处扣 4 分
track 轨距变化率大于 3‰(不含规 Choose a section of
轨道几何尺
轨距变化率不大于 2‰。定的递减率) poor quality, check
寸处
3 The variation rate of gauge is 2 the curve versine if
Geometrical The variation rate of gauge
is not greater than 2‰. greater than 3‰ (excluding Nr. there's a curve, and
dimensions
the specified rate of if the versine
of rail
progressive decrease). exceeds the
超过作业验收标准容许偏差 allowable deviation
Exceeding the allowable 同左处 criterion for work
轨向、高低 4 4 acceptance, deduct
deviation for work Same as the left column 全面查看重点检 Nr.
Rail acceptance criteria 4 points for each
测 place.
direction
超过经常保养标准容许偏差 Comprehensive
and
Exceeding the allowable check the key
longitudinal 同左处
level 5 deviation for regular inspection items. 4l
Same as the left column Nr.
maintenance acceptance
criteria
钢轨接头错牙轨面及内侧错牙大于 1mm 轨面及内侧错牙大于 2mm 同上处错牙大于 3mm 时扣
6 4
Rail Rail ends The unevenness at rail ends The unevenness at rail ends As above Nr. 41 分
52
扣分条件扣分
unevenness surface and inner side is surface and inner side is Deduct 41 points if
in line or more than 1 mm. more than 2 mm. the unevenness is
surface greater than 3 mm.
直线偏差大于 40mm，曲线偏
差大于 40mm 加缩短量的一直线偏差大于 60mm，曲线偏
半差大于 60mm 加缩短量一半
接头相对 The deviation of straight The deviation of straight 同上处
Opposite 7 track shall not be larger than track is more than 60 mm, As above 4 轨缝在调整轨缝轨温
Nr.
point 40 mm, and the deviation of and deviation of curved track 限制范围以内检查
curved track shall not be is greater than 60 mm plus Rail joint gap shall
more than 40 mm plus 1/2 of 1/2 of the shortened amount. be checked within
the shortened amount. the restricted range
连续瞎缝或大于构造轨缝，普 for rail joint gap and
通绝缘接头轨缝小于 6mm rail temperature
Successive closed joints 同左 adjustment.
同上处
8 may be larger than structural Same as the left column 8
轨缝 As above. Nr.
rail joint gap, and the gap of
Rail joint ordinary insulation joint shall
gap be less than 6 mm.
轨端肥边大于 2mm 含胶接绝缘钢轨
同左同上处
9 The rail end lip is more than 8 Including glued
Same as the left column As above. Nr.
2 mm. insulated rail joint
全面查看，重点检枕上或枕下离缝大于
位置、间距偏差或偏斜大于位置、间距偏差或偏斜大子
测 2mm 者为吊板，枕下
50mm 60mm
轨枕位置 Check 处
10 The deviation or deflection The deviation or deflection of l 暗吊板不明显者，可
Sleepers position comprehensively, Nr.
of position and interval is position and interval is larger 拔起道钉或松开扣件
larger than 50 mm. than 60 mm. and make key
inspections. 查看
53
扣分条件扣分
接头处失效，其他处连续失效 Where the gap
失效 Failure of joint, and 同左同上处 above or below a
11 8 sleeper is larger
Failure successive failure at other Same as the left column As above. Nr.
places than 2 mm, the
sleeper is
应修混凝土枕未修 suspended, and
全面查看
修理 Concrete sleepers which 同左根 where a concealed
12 Check 1
Repair shall be repaired are not Same as the left column Nr. suspension is
comprehensively.
repaired. unclear under the
每增加 sleeper, it may be
空吊率 checked by pulling
连续检测 50 头 1％
Percentage up the spike or
大于 8％大于 12％ For
of 13 Inspect 50 ones 2 loosening the
Over 8% Over 12% each
suspended in succession. fastening.
sleeper increase
of 1%
全面查看，抽测 4
个接头扭矩
缺少／松动或扭矩不符合规 Check
接头螺栓
定同左 comprehensively, 个
Connecting 14 16/2
bolt Missing/loosening, or the Same as the left column and randomly Nr.
torque is not as required. inspect the
联结零件 torque of four
Connecting joints.
parts
铁垫板和橡胶垫板、橡胶垫片
铁垫板、胶连续查 100 头
缺少同左块
垫 15 Inspect 100 ones 2
Missing of baseplate and Same as the left column Nr.
Baseplate in succession.
rubber plate or gasket
and rubber
plate 16 橡胶垫板或橡胶垫片失效超橡胶垫板或橡胶垫片失效超连续查看，检测每增 1％ l
过 8％过 16％ 100 头 For
54
扣分条件扣分
The failure percentage of The failure percentage of Check each
rubber plates or gasket rubber plates or gasket comprehensively, increase
exceeds 8%. exceeds 16%. and inspect 100 of 1%
ones.
一组扣件的零件不
连续查看 100 头全，按缺少一个计算
道钉、扣件缺少同左个 Where the parts of a
17 Inspect 100 ones 2
Missing of spike or fastener Same as the left column Nr. group of fasteners is
in succession.
incomplete, take it
as missing of one.
道钉浮离或扣板 (轨距挡板) 道钉浮离或扣板( 或距挡板 )
前、后离缝大于 2mm 者，超前、后离缝大于 2mm 者，超
每增 2％
过 8％过 12％连续检测 50 个 For
18 The percentage of floating The percentage of floating Inspect 50 ones each 1
道钉、扣件 spikes or clips (angled guide spikes or clips (angled guide in succession. increase
Spike and plates) with front or rear gap plates) with front or rear gap of 2%
fastener being over 2 mm is more being over 2 mm is more
than 8%. than 12%.
扣件扭矩(扣压力)不符合规定扣件扭矩(扣压力)不符合规定
或弹条扣件中部前端下颚离或弹条扣件中部前端下颚离
缝大于 1mm 者，超过 8％缝大予 1mm 者，超过 12％每增 1％
The percentage of The percentage of For
19 nonconforming fastener nonconforming fastener 同上 each l
torque (clamping force) or torque (clamping force) or As above. increase
lower jaws in the middle and lower jaws in the middle and of 1%
at the front end of spring clip at the front end of spring clip
fastening with gap being fastening with gap being
more than 1 mm is over 8%. more than 1 mm is over 12%.
轨道加强设轨距杆、轨 20 缺损或松动同左全面查看,重点检根、个 2 区间正线无观测桩或
55
扣分条件扣分
备撑 Missing, damage or Same as the left column 测 Nr. 观测桩不起作用按爬
Rail Gauge rod loosening Check 行超限计算；站内线
reinforcing and rail comprehensively, 路爬行检查道岔及绝
device brace and make key 缘接头前后
inspections. No observation post
防爬嚣缺损、松动或离缝大于连续查看，检测 or ineffective
2mm 50 个 observation post for
同左个 section main line
21 Anti-creep device is missing, Check in 2
Same as the left column Nr. shall be counted as
damaged or loosened, or its succession and
防爬设备 gap is larger than 2 mm. inspect 50 ones. out-of-limit creep;
Anti-creep for the creep of
equipment 支撑缺损、失效、尺寸不合标 station tracks,
准同左同上个 inspect the turnout
22 Missing, damaged or failed Same as the left column 1 and the front and
As above. Nr.
brace, or its dimensions rear ends of
inconsistent with criteria insulated joint.
普通线路爬行量大于 20mm 全面检测
线路爬行同左
23 The creep of ordinary track Inspect km 41
Track creep Same as the left column
is over 20 mm. comprehensively.
按综合维修中心下达
全面查看。重点扒
枕盒或边坡清筛深度不足，清的计划验收
开道床检查每 lOm
筛不沽／翻浆冒泥 To accept in
脏污 Check ／孔
24 The cleaning depth of crib or 同左 2／41 accordance with the
Dirtiness comprehensively. Every
side slope is inadequate, Same as the left column plan issued by the
道床 Especially 10
and there's mud-pumping Integrated
Ballast bed remove the m/hole
during cleaning. Maintenance
ballast to inspect.
Center.
尺寸 Ⅱ型混凝土枕中部道床凹下同左连续查看，检测
25 每 10m l
lOOm
Dimension 尺寸不符合第 3.2.2 条规定 Same as the left column Every
Check in
56
扣分条件扣分
The sinking size of ballast succession and 10 m
bed in the middle of Type II inspect 100 m.
concrete sleeper does not
meet the requirement in
Article 3.2.2.
道床断面不符合标准、不均道床断面不符合标准、不均
匀、不整齐、有杂草匀、不整齐、有杂草全面查看每 10m
外观 The cross section of ballast The cross section of ballast
26 Check Every 1
Appearance bed does not meet the bed does not meet the
comprehensively. 10 m
criterion, is uneven, untidy criterion, is uneven, untidy
and grown with weeds. and grown with weeds.
不平整、有反坡、有大草
全面查看每 20m
路肩 Subgrade is rough, has a 不平整单侧计算
27 Check Every l
Shoulder reverse grade, and is grown Rough Calculate one side.
comprehensively. 20 m
with grass.
路基
Sub-grade 侧沟未疏通或弃土不符合规
定每 10m
排水同左同上
28 The side ditch is not Same as the left column Every 2
Discharge As above
dredged, or spoil does not 10 m
meet the requirements.
查看检测
铺面不平整、松动同左块
29 Check and 4
Pavement Rough and loosened Same as the left column Nr.
inspection.
道口尺寸不符合第 3.11.5 条规定
轮缘槽同左同上处
Crossing 30 Dimensions are not as 16
Flange way Same as the left column As above Nr.
required by Article 3.11.5.
护桩缺损、歪斜同左全面查看个
31 2
Protective Damaged or skewed Same as the left column Check Nr.
57
扣分条件扣分
stake comprehensively.
缺损、歪斜、字迹不清
标志同左同上个
32 Damaged, skewed and 2
Signs Same as the left column As above Nr.
illegible
标志标记锯轨上各种标记不齐全，位置
Signs and 不对，不清晰或错误
marks 标记 Marks on rails are 同左同上处
33 1
Marking incomplete, improperly Same as the left column As above. Nr.
positioned, illegible or
wrong.
道岔综合维修验收评分标准
Scoring criteria for acceptance of comprehensive turnout repair
扣分条件扣分
Condition for penalty point 抽验数量 (分)
项目内容编号单位说明
正线及到发线道岔其他站线道岔 Quantity of spot Penalty
Items Content No. Unit Notes
Turnouts on main line and Turnouts on other station check point
arrival-departure track tracks (score)
超过作业验收标准容许偏差同时检测两线间距小
Exceeding the allowable 同左处于 5.2m 的连接曲线
1 4
轨道几何尺轨距、水平、 deviation for work Same as the left column Nr. 轨向。用 10m 弦测量。
寸支距 acceptance criteria 全面检测连续正矢差超过
Geometrical Gauge, 超过经常保养标准容许偏差 Inspect 2mm，每处扣 4 分
dimensions level and Exceeding the allowable comprehensively. Check the rail
of rail offset 同左处
2 deviation for regular 41 directions of two
maintenance acceptance tracks on connected
criteria curves at the same
58
扣分条件扣分
超过作业验收标准容许偏差 time, of which, the
Exceeding the allowable 同左处 distance is less than
轨向、高低 3 4 5.2 m. Measure with
deviation for work Same as the left column 全面查看重点检 Nr.
Rail acceptance criteria a 10 m chord. If the
测 successive versine
direction
超过经常保养标准容许偏差 Comprehensive difference is over 2
and
longitudinal Exceeding the allowable check the key mm, deduct 4 points
同左 inspection items. 处
level 4 deviation for regular 41 for each place.
maintenance acceptance
criteria
查照间隔超过容许限度全面检测
同左处
Check 5 Exceeding the allowable Inspect 4
gauge limit comprehensively.
护背距离
同上同左同上处
Guard rail 6 41
As above. Same as the left column As above. Nr.
face gauge
尖趾距离
Distance
同上同左同上处
between 7 41
As above. Same as the left column As above. Nr.
switch rail
toes
不靠贴指二者之间的
尖轨靠贴缝隙大于 lmm
尖轨尖端与基本轨全面检查
Close 同左组 Being not in close
8 Point of switch rail and Inspect 4
钢轨 contact with Same as the left column Group contact refers to the
stock rail comprehensively.
Rail switch rail gap between them is
over 1 mm.
接头错牙 9 轨顶面或内侧面错牙大于同左全面查看，重点检处
4
错牙大于 3mm 时扣
Rail ends 1mm Same as the left column 测 Nr. 41 分
59
扣分条件扣分
unevenness The unevenness at rail Check Deduct 41 points if
in line or ends surface and inner side comprehensively, the unevenness is
surface is more than 1 mm. and make key greater than 3 mm.
inspections.
连续瞎缝或大于构造轨缝，
普通绝缘接头轨缝小于
6mm
Successive closed joints 同左同上处
10 may be larger than 8
轨缝 Same as the left column As above. Nr.
structural rail joint gap, and
Rail joint the gap of ordinary
gap insulation joint shall be less
than 6 mm.
轨端肥边大于 2mm 含胶接绝缘钢轨
同左同上处
ll The rail end lip is more than 8 Including glued
2 mm. insulated rail joint
位置或间距偏差大于
40mm(钢轨为 20mm) 位置或间距偏差大于 50mm
位置同上处
12 Deviation of position or gap Deviation of position or gap is As above. 2
position Nr.
is over 40 mm (20 mm for over 50 mm
rail)
岔枕全面查看，重点检枕上或枕下离缝大于
接头处失效，其他处连续失
Turnout 测 2mm 者为吊板，枕下
效
sleeper 失效同左 Check 处暗吊板可根据道床与
13 Failure of joint, and Same as the left column 8
Failure comprehensively, Nr. 岔枕间状态判断。不
successive failure at other
and make key 明显者可扒开道床查
places
inspections.
看
应修混凝土岔枕未修全面查看 Where the gap
修理 14 同左根 2
Concrete turnout sleepers Check above or below a
60
扣分条件扣分
Repair which shall be repaired are Same as the left column comprehensively. Nr. sleeper is larger than
not repaired. 2 mm, the sleeper is
suspended, and
concealed
suspension under
sleeper may be
judged according to
the state between
空吊率 ballast bed and
每增 1％
Percentage 大于 8％(钢枕不得有空吊) 连续检测 50 头 turnout sleeper.
大于 12％ For each
of 15 Over 8% (steel sleepers Inspect 50 ones 2 Where a concealed
Over 12% increase of
suspended shall be in suspension) in succession. suspension is
1%
sleeper unclear under the
sleeper, it may be
checked by pulling
up the spike or
loosening the
fastening.
尖轨与滑床板缝隙大于
2mm
同左同上块
16 The gap between switch 2
rail and slide plate is over 2
mm.
联结零件件
滑床板滑床板及护轨弹片上反或离
Connecting
Slide plate 缝大于 2mm，销钉离缝大于
parts
5mm 同左同上块
17 Slide plate and guard rail Same as the left column 2
As above. Nr.
spring piece are reversely
mounted, or the gap is
larger than 2 mm, and the
61
扣分条件扣分
pin gap is more than 5 mm.
接头、连杆、顶铁、间隔铁
及护轨螺栓缺少／顶铁离缝
大于 2mm 全面查看
18 A bolt of joint, connecting 同左 Check
个、块
16／8
rod, jacking block, spacing Same as the left column comprehensively.
Nr.
block or guard rail is
missing/the gap of jacking
blocks is over 2 mm.
接头螺检松动或扭矩不合规
螺栓定，连杆、顶铁、间隔铁及
Bolts 护轨的螺栓松动
Joint bolts are loosened or 同左查看检测
个、块
19 the torque is not as Same as the left column Check and 2
Nr.
required, and a bolt of inspection.
connecting rod, jacking
block, spacing block or
guard rail is loosened.
其他各种螺栓缺少、松动
同左同上个
20 Missing or loosening of 1
other various bolts
铁垫板或橡胶蛰板、橡胶垫
连续查看 50 块
铁垫板片缺少同左块
Baseplate Missing of baseplate and Same as the left column Nr.
in succession.
rubber plate or gasket
胶垫橡胶垫板或橡胶垫片失效超橡胶垫板或橡胶垫片失效超过连续查看，检涓每增 1％
Rubber 22 过 8％ 12％ 50 块 For each 1
plate The failure percentage of The failure percentage of Check in increase of
62
扣分条件扣分
rubber plates or gasket rubber plates or gasket succession and 1%
exceeds 8%. exceeds 12%. inspect 50 ones.
连续查看 50 个
道钉、扣件缺少同左个
Missing of spike or fastener Same as the left column Nr.
in succession.
扣件扭矩(扣压力)不符合规
扣件扭矩(扣压力)不符合规定一组扣件的零件不
定或弹条扣件中部前端下颚
或弹条扣件中部前端下颚离缝全。按缺少一个计算
道钉扣件离缝大予 lmm 者，超过 8％
大予 1mm 者，超过 12％连续查看，检测 Parts of a group of
Spike The percentage of 每增 1％
The percentage of 50 个 fasteners are not
fastener nonconforming fastener For each
24 nonconforming fastener Check in 1 complete. Count it
torque (clamping force) or increase of
torque (clamping force) or succession and as missing of one.
lower jaws in the middle 1%
lower jaws in the middle and inspect 50 ones.
and at the front end of
at the front end of spring clip
spring clip fastening with
fastening with gap being more
gap being more than 1 mm
than 1 mm is over 12%.
is over 8%.
轨撑离缝系指轨撑与
转辙或辙叉部位轨撑离缝大
轨头下颚或轨撑与垫
于 2nm，其他部位轨撑或轨
轨撑、轨距板挡肩之间的间隙
距杆缺损、松动
杆查看检查 Rail brace gap refers
The gap between rail 同左个、根
轨道加强设 25 2 to the gap between
Rail brace braces at switch or frog is Same as the left column Check and
备 Nr. rail brace and lower
and gauge over 2 mm, and a rail brace inspect.
Rail rod jaw of rail head or
or gauge rod at other
reinforcing between rail brace
position is damaged or
device and baseplate
loosened.
shoulder.
爬行道岔两尖轨尖端相错量大于同左检测组
26 20mm 41
Creep Same as the left column Detection Group
The offset between the
63
扣分条件扣分
points of two turnout switch
rails is over 20 mm.
全面查看。重点扒
枕盒内或边坡道床不清／翻开检查
脏污浆冒泥同左 Check 组／孔
27 Uncleanness/mud-pumping Same as the left column comprehensively. Group/hole 6／41
Dirtiness
in crib or side slope ballast Especially
bed remove the
道床 ballast to inspect.
Ballast bed
道床断面不符合标准、不均道床断面不符合。标准、不均
匀、不整齐、有杂草匀、不整齐、有杂草
全面查看
外观 The cross section of ballast The cross section of ballast Check 组
28 4
Appearance bed does not meet the bed does not meet the Group
comprehensively.
criterion, is uneven, untidy criteria, is uneven, untidy and
and grown with weeds. grown with weeds.
不平整、有反坡、有大草
路肩 Subgrade is rough, has a 同左同上组
29 2
Shoulder reverse grade, and is Same as the left column As above. Group
路基 grown with grass.
Sub-grade 侧沟未疏通或弃土未清理
排水 The side ditch is not 同左同上组
30 4
Discharge dredged, or spoil is not Same as the left column As above. Group
cleared.
警冲标缺少或位置不
标志标记警冲标损坏或不清晰查看检查对扣 41 分
标志同左组 Deduct 41 points if a
Signs and 31 Damaged or unclear fouling Check and 8
Signs Same as the left column Group fouling post is
marks post inspect.
missing or
incorrectly
64
扣分条件扣分
positioned.
含钢轨编号、轨距、
钢轨上各项标记不全、位置
支距、钢轨伤损等标
不对、不清晰或错误
全面查看记
标记 Marks on rails are 同左处
32 Check 1 Including marks
Marking incomplete, improperly Same as the left column Nr.
comprehensively. such as rail number,
positioned, illegible or
gauge, offset, rail
wrong.
damage, etc.
65
第五节线路设备修理验收办法
Section V Acceptance methods for track equipment repair
第 6.5.1 条运维公司应配备专职验收人员，对主要大修工程的安全、质量进行监督检查，并组织验收工作。
Article 6.5.1 The Project Office shall cooperate with the full-time inspection and acceptance personnel
to supervise and inspect the safety and quality of main overhaul work, and organize the acceptance
work.
第 6.5.2 条线路设备大修应按下列单位进行验收：
Article 6.5.2 Overhaul of track equipment shall be inspected and accepted by the following units:
一、线路大、中修正线为千米(始终点不是整千米时可按实际长度合并验收)，站线为一股道。
I. 1 kilometer for overhaul and medium repair of main line (when the starting and end points are not at
the integral kilometer position, they can be combined for acceptance according to the actual length), and
1 track for station tracks.
二、其他各项线路设备大修由维保部制定。
II. Overhaul of other track equipment shall be specified by the maintenance department.
第 6.5.3 条大型养路机械施工作业验收。
Article 6.5.3 Acceptance of construction work with large road maintenance machinery
一、大型养路机械施工作业验收主要项目包括清筛、起道、拨道、捣固、动力稳定和钢轨打磨等。
I. The main items for acceptance of construction work with large road maintenance machinery include
ballast cleaning, track lifting, track lining, tamping, dynamic stabilization, rail grinding, etc.
二、大型养路机械施工作业应采用静态和动态相结合的验收办法，以其中最差成绩作为该千米线路的验收
结果。
II. The static and dynamic combined method shall be used for acceptance of construction work with
large road maintenance machinery, and the poorest performance shall be taken as the acceptance
result of the 1-kilometer track.
1.静态验收——使用大型养路机械施工作业时，维修车间应及时提供大型养路机械记录仪的检查记录数据，
与维保中心共同随同大机检查，发现失格处所应立即组织返工。返工后仍有 4 处及以上达不到作业验收标
准、2 处及以上达不到保养标准或无法返工的(每处长度不超过 5m，过 5m 按 2 处计)，判该千米线路为失
格，并于当日填写验收记录。
1. Static acceptance - During construction work with large road maintenance machinery, the repair
workshop shall provide the inspection and record data of recorders of the machinery, inspect with
large-sized machine together with the repair & maintenance center, and organize the rework in a timely
manner in the case of disqualification. After rework, if four or more places still fail to meet the work
acceptance criteria, or two or more places still cannot meet the maintenance criteria or are not
reworkable (the length of each place shall not exceed 5 m, and it shall be counted as two places if the
length is over 5 m), the 1-kilometer track shall be determined as disqualified, and the acceptance record
of the day shall be filled out.
2.动态验收——使用大型养路机械施工作业后 15 日内，维保中心轨检车进行动态检查评定。
2. Dynamic acceptance - Within 15 days after construction work with large road maintenance machinery,
the repair & maintenance center shall carry out the dynamic inspection and evaluation with track
inspection car.
3.静态与动态检查合格，大型养路机械作业项目齐全，质量优良，施工作业质量评为优良；大型养路机械
作业项目不全，质量合格，施工作业质量评为合格。
3. If the static and dynamic inspections are acceptable, the operation items of large road maintenance
machinery are complete, and the quality is good, the construction work quality can be evaluated as
Good; if the operations items of large road maintenance machinery are not complete and the quality is
acceptable, the construction work quality can be evaluated as Acceptable.
第 6.5.4 条维修车间在办理工程交验时，应备齐下列竣工资料：
Article 6.4.4 The repair workshop shall, during handover inspection, prepare the following as-built
documents:
66
一、线路大、中修
I. Track overhaul and medium repair
1.施工日期、时间；
1. Dates and time of construction;
2.主要材料使用数量表；
2. Table of usage of main materials;
3.钢轨配轨表；
3. List of rail configuration;
4.钢轨倒换记录；
4. Rail replacement record;
5.其他有关技术资料。
5. Other relevant technical information.
二、其他各项线路设备大修
II. Overhaul of other track equipment
1.施工日期、时间；
1. Dates and time of construction;
2.主要工程数量表；
2. BOQ;
3.隐蔽工程记录；
3. Record of concealed work;
4.其他有关技术资料。
4. Other relevant technical information.
第 6.5.5 条线路设备大修验收组织和程序。
Article 6.5.5 Acceptance organization and procedure of track equipment overhaul
线路大修每完成 3～5km，经维修车间自验并做好记录，及时向维保中心提请验收。维保中心应及时组织
各单位，按照设计文件及有关验收标准进行验收。
After track overhaul of every 3~5 km, the repair workshop shall carry out self-inspections, keep the
records, and apply to the repair & maintenance center for acceptance. The repair & maintenance center
shall, according to the design documents and relevant acceptance criteria, organize relevant units to
inspect and accept.
验收其他工程时，应参照线路大修进行质量评定。具体验收办法由维保部自定。
During the acceptance of other work, the quality shall be assessed in reference to the criteria for track
overhaul. The specified acceptance method shall be specified by the Repair & Maintenance Department
by itself.
第 6.5.6 条线路、道岔综合维修应按下列单位进行验收：
Article 6.5.6 Comprehensive repair of tracks and turnouts shall be inspected and accepted by the
following units:
一、正线为 1km(月综合维修不足 1km 的也可验收)。
I. 1 km for main line (comprehensive repair less than 1 km in a month can also be accepted)
二、站线为 l 股道。
II. 1 track for station tracks.
三、道岔为 1 组。
III. 1 group for turnouts.
第 6.5.7 条当月经常保养地的作业项目由工区自验，车间验收。具体验收办法由维保中心规定。
Article 6.5.7 Items under regular maintenance of the month shall be self-inspected by work area and
accepted by workshop. The specified acceptance method shall be specified by the repair & maintenance
center.
67
第 6.5.8 条代维修专用线的线路、道岔维修标准和验收办法，按其他站线办理(代维修合同中有特殊规定者
除外)。
Article 6.5.8 Repair criteria and acceptance methods for tracks and turnouts used as repair siding shall
be in reference to those for other station tracks (except those subject to special requirements in repair
contract).
68
第七章线路质量评定
Chapter VII Track Quality Evaluation
第一节线路设备状态评定
Section I Evaluation of track equipment state
第 7.1.1 条线路设备状态评定，是对正线线路设备质量基本状况的检查评定，是考核各级线路设备管理工
作和线路设备状态改善情况的基本指标。线路设备状态评定结合季检资料分析，是安排线路大、中维修计
划的主要依据。
Article 7.1.1 Evaluation of track equipment state is to inspect and evaluate the basic quality conditions
of track equipment of main line, and is the basic index for appraising the equipment management work
and the equipment state improvement status of tracks of all levels. Evaluation of track equipment state
together with analysis of seasonal inspection documents are the main bases for planning overhaul and
medium repair.
每年第四季度，维保部应组织维保中心结合季度设备检查，对管内正线全面评定一次。每年 12 月底，由
维保部汇总和分析评定结果，并报运维公司。
In the last quarter of each year, the Repair & Maintenance Department shall organize repair &
maintenance centers to comprehensively evaluate the main lines within their scope of work in
combination with seasonal equipment inspection. At the end of December of each year, the Repair &
Maintenance Department shall compile the analysis and evaluation results, and report the same to the
Project Office.
第 7.1.2 条线路设备状态评定应以千米为单位(评定标准见表 7.1.2)，满分为 100 分，100～85 分为优良，
85(不含)～60 分为合格，60 分以下为失格。
Article 7.1.2 Evaluation of track equipment state shall be made by kilometer (see Table 7.1.2 for the
evaluation criteria), and the total score is 100, scores between 100 and 85 are assessed as Good,
scores between 85 (excluding) and 60 are assessed as Acceptable, and scores below 60 are assessed
as Failure.
线路设备状态评定评分标准表 7.1.2
Criteria for track equipment state evaluation and scoring Table 7.1.2
扣分
编号计算单位 (分)
项目扣分条件说明
Reference Unit for Penalty
Items Condition for penalty point Notes
number calculation point
(score)
检查时现存慢行处所
线路设备不良(不含路基)
慢行处 Slow-moving places
1 Poor track equipment (excluding 41
Slow-moving Nr. existing during
subgrade)
inspection
每延长 lOm
道床翻浆冒泥 For each
2 4
Ballast bed Mud-pumping extension
of 10 m
每增 1％
混凝土枕失效率超过 4％
轨枕 For each
3 Failure rate of concrete sleepers is 8
Sleepers increase of
over 4%.
1%
一年内新生轻伤钢轨(不含曲线磨
耗) 根
钢轨 Rails with new minor damage 2
4 Nr.
Rail within a year (excluding wear of
rails on curves)
现存曲线磨耗轻伤钢轨每延长 4 按单股计算
69
Existing rails subject to wear on 100m Calculate as one

curves and minor damage For each track
extension
of 100 m
一年内新生重伤钢轨
根
Rails with new major damage 20
Nr.
within a year
第二节线路设备保养质量评定
Section II Evaluation of track equipment maintenance quality
第 7.2.1 条线路、质量评定，是考核线路、道岔养护质量的基本指标，也是安排维修计划的主要依据之一。
Article 7.2.1 Track and quality evaluations are the basic index for evaluating the maintenance quality of
tracks and turnouts, and one of the main bases for arranging repair plans.
正线线路和正线、到发线道岔的保养质量评定应由维保中心组织，采取定期抽样的办法进行。每月抽样 1
次。
Evaluation of maintenance quality of main line tracks and turnouts on main line and arrival-departure
track shall be organized by repair & maintenance center through periodic sampling. Sample once each
month.
第 7.2.2 条线路保养质量评定应以千米为单位(评定标准见表 7.2.2)，满分为 100 分，100～85 分为优良，
85(不含)～60 分为合格，60 分以下为失格。
Article 7.2.2 Evaluation of track maintenance quality shall be made by kilometer (see Table 7.2.2 for the
as Failure.
第 7.2.3 条道岔保养质量评定应以组为单位(评定标准见表 7.2.3)，满分为 100 分， 100～85 分为优良，85(不
含)～60 分为合格，60 分以下为失格。
Article 7.2.3 Evaluation of turnout maintenance quality shall be made by group (see Table 7.2.3 for the
as Failure.
70
线路保养质量评定标准表 7.2.2
Criteria for track maintenance quality evaluation Table 7.2.2
扣分
编号扣分条件抽查数量 (分)
项目单位说明
Reference Condition for penalty Number of spot Penalty
Items Unit Notes
number point check point
(score)
超过经常保养标准容
许偏差
Exceeding the 处
1 4
allowable deviation for Nr.
regular maintenance
acceptance criteria 选择线路计划保
轨距、水平、三角养地段检查。曲线
超过临时补修标准容
坑连续检测正矢全面检测。曲
许偏差
Exceeding the 100m；轨向、高处线正矢超过容许
2 低全面查看，重点 4l
allowable deviation for Nr. 偏差，每处扣 4 分
temporary repair 检测 Choose a section
轨道几何尺 acceptance criteria Inspect the of poor track
寸 gauge, level and quality for
允许速度大于 120km twist of track for inspection.
Geometrical
／h 线路轨距变化率大 100 m in Comprehensively
dimensions
of rail 于 l‰，其他线路大于 succession, and inspect the curve
2‰(不含规定的递减 check versine. If the
率) comprehensively curve versine
The gauge variation and make key exceeds the
rate of tracks with inspections on 处 allowable
3 allowable speed rail direction and 2 deviation, deduct
Nr.
higher than 120 km/h longitudinal level. 4 points for each
may be greater than place.
1‰, and 2‰ for other
tracks (excluding the
specified rate of
progressive
decrease).
错牙大于 3mm
全面查看，重点检
钢轨接头顶面或内侧时，每处扣 41 分
测
面错牙大于 2mm 处 Deduct 41 points
4 Check 4
Unevenness in top or Nr. for each place if
comprehensively,
inner side of rail joints the unevenness
and make key
is over 2 mm. is greater than 3
inspections.
mm.
轨缝大于构造轨缝或轨缝在调整轨缝
钢轨连续 3 个及以上瞎缝。轨温限制范围以
Rail 普通绝缘接头轨缝小内时检查。“未及
于 6nun 全面查看，重点检
时”是指钢轨折断
A rail joint gap is 测
处后超过一天未进
5 larger than the Check 8
comprehensively, Nr. 行临时处理或进
structural rail joint gap,
and make key 入设计锁定轨温
or there are three or
more successive inspections. 季节超过一个月
closed joints. The gap 未进行永久处理
of ordinary insulated Rail joint gap
rail joint shall be less shall be checked
71
than 6 mm. within the

restricted range
for rail joint gap
轨端肥边大于 2mm 测 and rail
处
6 The rail end lip is more Check 4 temperature
comprehensively, Nr. adjustment. "Not
than 2 mm.
and make key in time" means a
inspections. rail, after
breakage, is not
钢轨折断未及时进行 temporarily
临时处理或插入短轨 treated over a
未及时进行永久性处 day, or not
理 permanently
全面查看
A broken rail is not Check 处 treated after one
7 16
temporarily treated in comprehensively. Nr. month since the
time, or an inserted start of the
short rail is not design
permanently treated in fastening-down
time. rail temperature
season.
钢轨接头处轨枕失效，
其他处轨枕连续失效
测
Failure of sleeper at 处
8 Check 6
rail joint, and Nr.
comprehensively,
successive failure of
and make key
sleeper at other
inspections.
places
使用调高扣件，每
轨枕头超过 3 块或总
Sleepers 每处调高垫板超过 2 块厚度超过 25mm
连续查看，检测
或总厚度超过 10mm Use height
100 头
The number of height 头 adjusting
9 Check l
adjusting baseplate at fasteners, over
comprehensively, Nr.
each place is over 2, three at each
and inspect 100
or the total thickness place, or with
ones.
exceeds 10 mm. total thickness
exceeding 25
mm.
一组扣件的零件
铁垫板、橡胶垫板、橡不全。按缺少一个
胶垫片道钉、扣件缺少连续查看 100 头扣件计算
Parts of a group
10 Missing of spikes or Inspect 100 ones 块、头 1
Nr. of fasteners are
fasteners for in succession.
not complete.
baseplate or rubber
plate or gasket Take it as
联结零件 missing of one
Connecting fastener.
parts 道钉浮离或扣件前、后
离缝大于 2mm 的超过
每增 2％
12％连续检测 50 头 For
11 The percentage of Inspect 50 ones each 1
floating spikes or in succession. increase
fasteners with front or of 2%
rear gap being over 2
mm is more than 12%.
72
扣件扭矩(扣压力)不符
合规定或弹条扣件中
部前端下颚离缝大于
1mm 者。超过 12％
Percentage of 每增 1％
nonconforming For
12 fastener torque 同上 each 1
(clamping force) or As above. increase
lower jaws in the of 1%
middle and at the front
end of spring clip
fastening with gap
being more than 1 mm
Over 12%
全面查看，抽测 4
接头螺栓缺少／松动个接头扭矩
或扭矩不符合规定 Check
comprehensively, 个
13 Missing/loosening of 8／2
and randomly Nr.
joint bolt, or the torque
inspect the
is not as required.
torque of four
joints.
υmax≤ 全面查看
翻浆冒泥孔
14 120km Check l
Mud-pumping Hole
／h comprehensively.
道床肩宽不足、不饱满、有
Ballast bed 杂草全面查看每 20m 单侧计算
15 Inadequate should Check Every 2 Calculate one
width, unsaturated, comprehensively. 20 m side.
grown with weeds
排水沟未疏通全面查看每 10m 单侧计算
16 The drainage ditch is Check Every 1 Calculate one
not dredged. comprehensively. 10 m side.
路肩冲沟未修补全面查看每 10m 单侧计算
路基
17 The shoulder gutter is Check Every 1 Calculate one
Sub-grade
not repaired. comprehensively. 10 m side.
路肩有大草全面查看每 10m 单侧计算
18 The shoulder is grown Check Every 1 Calculate one
with grass. comprehensively. 10 m side.
铺面缺损、松动，护桩
缺损
全面查看
Damage or loosening Check 块、个
19 4
of pavement, and comprehensively. Nr.
道口 missing or damage of
Crossing protective stake
护轨不符合标准全面检测
处
20 Guard rails do not Inspect 16
Nr.
meet the criteria. comprehensively.
线路标志缺少或不规
全面查看
标志范、不清晰或错误个
21 Check 1
Signs Railway signs are comprehensively. Nr.
missing, nonstandard,
73
illegible or wrong.
道岔保养质量评定标准表 7.2.3
Criteria for turnout maintenance quality evaluation Table 7.2.3
扣分
编号抽查数量 (分)
项目扣分条件单位说明
Reference Number of spot Penalty
Items Condition for penalty point Unit Notes
number check point
(score)
轨距、水平、轨向、支距、同时检测线
高低超过经常保养标准容许间距小于
偏差轨距、支距、水平 5.2m 的连接
Exceeding the allowable 全面检测；轨向、曲线，用
处
1 gauge, level, rail direction, 高低全面查看，重 4 10m 弦测
Nr.
offset or longitudinal level 点检测量，连续正
deviation for regular Inspect the
矢差超过
maintenance acceptance gauge, offset and
criteria level 4mm，每处
comprehensively, 扣4分
轨距、水平、轨向、支距、 At the same
and check
高低超过临时补修标准容许 comprehensively time, check
轨道几何尺偏差 and make key the
寸 Exceeding the allowable inspections on 处 connected
2 4l
Geometrical gauge, level, rail direction, rail direction and Nr. curves
dimensions offset or longitudinal level longitudinal level. where two
of rail deviation for temporary tracks with
repair acceptance criteria distance
less than
5.2 m with
10 m chord,
and deduct
查照间隔、护背距离、尖趾 4 points for
全面检测
距离超过容许限度组 each place
3 Inspect 4l
Exceeding the allowable comprehensively. Group where the
limits for check gauge, successive
versine
difference is
over 4 mm.
错牙大于
3mm 时，每
全面查看，重点检处扣 41 分
钢轨接头顶面或内侧面错牙
测 Deduct 41
超过 2mm 处
4 Check 4 points for
Unevenness in top or inner Nr.
comprehensively, each place
side of rail joints is over 2
and make key if the
mm.
inspections. unevenness
钢轨 is greater
Rail than 3 mm.
存在第 3.9.6 条一、五项病害
测
之一组
5 Check 41
One of the defects
comprehensively, Group
described in I and V of
and make key
Article 3.9.6
inspections.
6 存在第 3.9.6 条二、四、七项全面查看，重点检组 16
74
和第 3.9.7 条病害之一测 Group

One of the defects Check
described in II,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ and comprehensively,
and make key
VII of Article 3.9.6 and in
inspections.
Article 3.9.7
轨缝大于构造轨缝或有连续
3 个及以上瞎缝，普通绝缘接
头轨缝小于 6mm 全面查看，重点检
A rail joint gap is larger than 测
the structural rail joint gap, Check 处
7 4
or there are three or more comprehensively, Nr.
successive closed joints, and make key
and the gap of ordinary inspections.
insulation joint shall be less
than 6 mm.
全面查看。重点检含胶接绝缘
轨端肥边大于 2mm 测钢轨
Check 处 Including
8 The rail end lip is more than 4
comprehensively. Nr. glued
2 mm.
Key inspection insulated
items rail joint
全面查看。重点检
接头岔枕失效，其他处岔枕
岔枕测
连续失效处
Turnout 9 Check 6
Failure of sleeper at rail
comprehensively. Nr.
sleeper joint, and successive failure
Key inspection
of sleeper at other places
items
尖轨与滑床板间缝隙大于一组扣件的
2mm 全面检测零件不全，
块
10 The gap between switch rail Inspect 2 按缺少一个
Nr.
and slide plate is over 2 comprehensively. 扣件计算
mm. Where the
连杆、顶铁、间隔铁及护轨 parts of a
螺栓缺少，顶铁离缝大于 group of
2mm fasteners is
全面检测 incomplete,
A bolt of connecting rod, Inspect 个、块
11 8 take it as
jacking block, spacing block comprehensively. Nr.
or guard rail is missing, or missing of
the gap of jacking blocks is one
联结零件 over 2 mm. fastener.
Connecting
parts 接头螺栓缺少／松动或扭矩
全面查看
不足个
14 Check 8／2
Missing/loosening of joint comprehensively. Nr.
bolt, or inadequate torque
其他螺栓缺少、松动全面查看
个
15 Missing or loosening of Check 1
Nr.
other bolts comprehensively.
垫板、道钉、胶垫、扣件缺
全面查看
少个、块
16 Check l
Missing of baseplate, spike, comprehensively. Nr.
rubber plate or fastener
17 道钉浮离、扣件扭矩(扣压力) 各连续检测 50 个每增 1％ l
75
不符合规定或弹条扣件中部 Inspect 50 ones For

前端下颚离缝大于 1mm 者、 in succession each
轨距挡板前、后离缝大于 respectively. increase
of 1%
2mm，不良者超过 12％
The percentage of floating
spikes, nonconforming
fastener torque (clamping
force) or lower jaws in the
middle and at the front end
of spring clip fastening with
gap being more than 1 mm
or angled guide plate with
front or rear gap being more
than 2 mm is over 12%.
转辙和辙叉部分轨撑离缝大
于 2mm，其他部分轨撑或轨
距杆损坏、松动全面查看、检测
The gap between rail Comprehensive 个、根
18 braces at switch and frog is 1
check and Nr.
over 2 mm, and a rail brace inspection
or gauge rod at other
轨道加强设 position is damaged or
备 loosened.
Rail
reinforcing 道岔两尖轨尖端相错量大于
device 20mm、无缝道岔位移超过
10mm 或无观测记录
Offset of points of 全面查看组
19 twoturnout switch rails over Check 16
Group
20 mm, displacement of comprehensively.
gapless turnout over 10
mm, or no observation
record
全面查看
翻浆冒泥 υ max ≤ 孔
20 Check 1
Mud-pumping 120km／h Hole
comprehensively.
道床
Ballast bed 肩宽不足，不饱满，有杂草
全面检测
Inadequate should width, 组
21 Inspect 4
unsaturated, grown with Group
comprehensively.
weeds
缺少或位置
不对，扣 41
分
警冲标全面查看 Deduct 41
损坏或不清晰组
Fouling 22 Check 8 points in the
Damaged or unclear Group
post comprehensively. case of
missing or
incorrect
position.
缺少、不清晰或错误全面查看
标记处
23 Missing, unclear or Check 1
Marking Nr.
incorrect comprehensively.
76
第八章线路设备检查
Chapter VIII Track Equipment Inspection
第一节线路静态检查
Section I Static inspection of tracks
第 8.1.1 条巡检工区每月对线路设备进行月度周期性检查。
Article 8.1.1 Construction patrol zones shall carry out periodic inspections on track equipment every
month.
一、验收各工区月度重点保养区段。
I. Inspect and accept the monthly key maintenance sections in each construction zone.
二、人工添乘检查线路每月不少于 2 次。
II. At least two inspections of tracks by additional crew on-board shall be carried out each month.
三、抽检正线道岔各工区不少于 5 组。
III. At least five groups of turnouts on main line shall be randomly checked in each construction zone.
四、对重点病害地段跟踪检查不少于一次。
IV. Sections subject to major defects shall be followed up and inspected at least once.
第 8.1.2 条工务工区每月对管内线路设备进行月度周期性检查。
Article 8.1.2 Engineering construction zones shall carry out periodic inspections on track equipment
within their respective zone every month.
线路设备检查内容及检查周期：
Inspection contents and cycles of track equipment:
一、正线道岔每月至少检查一次，遇沉降地段增加检测频次，站线道岔每两月检查一次。
I. Turnouts on main line shall be inspected at least once each month, and the inspection frequency shall
be increased in the case of settlement sections; turnouts on station tracks shall be inspected once every
two months.
二、线路（静态几何尺寸、钢轨、枕木、道床、联接零件、标识等），每半年应至少全面检查 1 次。
II. Tracks (static geometric dimensions, rails, sleepers, ballast beds, connecting parts, marks, etc.) shall
be comprehensively inspected at least once each quarter.
三、对严重线路病害地段和薄弱处所，应经常检查。
III. Sections subject to serious track defects and weak places shall be frequently inspected.
检查结果应做好记录，并每月上交巡检工区归档。
Inspection results shall be properly recorded, and submitted to the construction patrol zone for filing on
monthly basis.
第 8.1.3 条段长、副段长和线路车间主任应定期检查线路、道岔和其他线路设备，并重点检查薄弱处所，
每月不少于 1 次。
Article 8.1.3 Depot manager, deputy depot manager and track workshop manager shall inspect tracks,
turnouts and other track equipment on regular basis (at least once a month), especially the weak places.
第 8.1.4 条检查结果应认真分析，对超过临时补修管理值的处所应及时处理。
Article 8.1.4 Inspection results shall be carefully analyzed, and places with temporary repair
management value being exceeded shall be treated in a timely manner.
第二节线路动态检查
Section II Dynamic inspection of tracks
第 8.2.1 条应通过轨道检查车的检查，了解和掌握线路局部不平顺(峰值管理)和线路区段整体不平顺(均值
管理)的动态质量，指导线路养护维修工作。
Article 8.2.1 The dynamic quality of local irregularity of tracks (peak management) and overall
irregularity of track sections shall be learnt and mastered through inspection by track inspection car to
guide the maintenance and repair work of tracks.
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第 8.2.2 条轨检车对线路局部不平顺(峰值管理)检查评定标准。
Article 8.2.2 Local track irregularity (peak management) inspection evaluation criteria for track
inspection car are as follows.
一、各项偏差等级扣分标准：I 级每处扣 1 分，Ⅱ级每处扣 5 分，Ⅲ级每处扣 100 分，Ⅳ级每处扣 301 分。
I. Penalty point criteria for different deviation classes: deduct 1 point for each place of Class I, 5 points
for each of Class II, 100 points for each place of Class III, and 301 points for each place of Class IV.
二、线路动态评定标准：
II. Dynamic evaluation criteria for tracks:
1.线路动态评定以千米为单位。
1. Dynamic evaluation of tracks shall be made by kilometer.
2.每千米扣分总数为各级、各项偏差扣分总和。
2. The total penalty point per kilometer shall be the sum of penalty points for each class and each
deviation.
3.每千米线路动态评定标准：
3. The dynamic evaluation criteria for each kilometer of track are as follows:
优良——扣分总数在 50 分及以内；
Good - total penalty point is within 50 points;
合格——扣分总数在 51～300 分；
Acceptable - total penalty point is between 51~300 points;
失格——扣分总数在 300 分以上。
Failure - total penalty point is over 300 points.
三、轨检车检查结果应分线、分段汇入轨检车线路评分统计报告表中(具体格式见附录三)。
III. Inspection results of track inspection car shall be compiled in the Track scoring and statistical report
of track inspection car (see Appendix III for the specific format) by track and by section.
第 8.2.3 条检测周期。
Article 8.2.3 Inspection cycle
检测周期根据运量和线路状态确定。
Inspection cycle shall be determined according to traffic volume and track state.
线路每月检查不少于 1 遍，对状态较差的线路可适当增加检查遍数。
Tracks shall be inspected at least once each month, and the inspection frequency for tracks of poor state
may be appropriately increased.
第 8.2.4 条检测报告。
Article 8.2.4 Inspection report.
轨道检查车检测中发现的问题，应及时通知维修车间，检查后及时将检测报告提交维保部和维修中心，每
月末(或年底)向维保部提报月度(或年度)检测、分析报告(含轨检车线路评分统计报告表)。
Problems found by track inspection car during inspection shall be informed to repair workshop in time,
an inspection report shall, in a timely manner, be submitted to the Repair & Maintenance Department
and repair center concerned after inspection, and at the end of each month (or year), monthly (or annual)
inspection and analysis reports (including the Track scoring and statistical report of track inspection car)
shall be submitted to the Repair & Maintenance Department.
第 8.2.5 条对线路区段整体不平顺(均值管理)动态质量指标超过管理值的线路，应有计划地安排维修或保
养。
Article 8.2.5 Tracks in sections with overall irregularity (average value management) dynamic quality
index exceeding the management value shall be planned for repair or maintenance.
第 8.2.6 条维修车间应对轨检车查出的Ⅲ级超限处所及时处理，对查出的Ⅳ级超限处所立即限制行车速度
并及时处理。
Article 8.2.6 Repair workshops shall treat the out-of-limit places of Class III identified by track inspection
78
car in a timely manner, and limit the running speed at out-of-limit places of Class IV immediately and
treat promptly afterwards.
第 8.2.7 条应重视以下轨道不平顺的判别，并及时处理：
Article 8.2.7 Pay attention to the determination of and treat the following track irregularities in time:
1.周期性连续三波及多波的轨道不平顺中，幅值为 10mm 的轨向不平顺、12mm 的水平不平顺、14mm 的
高低不平顺。
1. Within three or more successive cycles of track irregularities, rail direction irregularity with amplitude
of 10 mm, level irregularity with amplitude of 12 mm, and longitudinal level irregularity with amplitude of
14 mm.
2.对于 50m 范围内有 3 处大于以下幅值的轨道不平顺：12mm 的轨向不平顺、12mm 的水平不平顺、16mm
的高低不平顺。
2. Three track irregularities with amplitude larger than the following ones within 50 m: 12 mm of rail
direction irregularity, 12 mm of level irregularity and 16 mm of longitudinal level irregularity.
3.轨向、水平逆向复合不平顺。
3. Reversed composite irregularity of rail direction and level.
第 8.2.8 条综合维修中心主要负责人对管内正线每月至少添乘检查 1 遍。发现超限处所和不良地段，应及
时通知线路车间或工区进行整修，并在添乘检查记录簿上登记。
Article 8.2.8 The main person in charge of integrated maintenance center shall at least make an
additional crew on-board inspection on the main line within its scope each month. Upon identification,
out-of-limit places and defective sections shall be informed to track workshop or construction zone for
repair in a timely manner, and be recorded on the additional crew on-board inspection register.
第三节钢轨检查
Section III Rail inspection
第 8.3.1 条钢轨探伤检查应实行定期检查制度，依据年通过总重、轨型等条件确定钢轨探伤周期。
Article 8.3.1 The periodic inspection system shall be implemented for rail detection and inspection, and
the rail detection cycle shall be determined according to conditions such as annual gross traffic volume,
rail type, etc.
一、正线、到发线和道岔钢轨年通过累计总重每 1.5Mt 探伤 1 遍。
Main line, arrival-departure track and turnout shall be inspected once when every gross traffic volume is
1.5 Mt.
其他站线、专用线的线路和道岔的探伤周期不短于正线。
Other station tracks and tracks and turnouts of the rail detection cycle is less than main line.
二、下列情况应适当增加探伤遍数：
II. The number of detection shall be appropriately increased in the case of the following conditions:
1.在桥梁上、小半径曲线、大坡道及钢轨状态不良地段；
1. On bridge, curve of small radium and large ramp, and in section of poor rail state;
2.伤轨数量出现异常，连续两个探伤周期内都发现疲劳伤损(如核伤、鱼鳞伤、螺孔裂纹、水平裂纹等)地
段；
2. Sections subject to abnormity in number of damaged rails and identification of fatigue damage within
two successive detection cycles (e.g. nucleus flaw, scale damage, bolt hole crack, horizontal crack,
etc.);
3 大修换轨初期、超过大修周期地段、钢轨与运量不匹配地段。
3. At the early stage after overhaul with rail replace, sections expired the overhaul cycle, and sections
with rails not matching the traffic volume.
第 8.3.2 条对钢轨、道岔磨耗情况，每年应全面检查 1 次。对磨耗接近轻伤和重伤的钢轨和道岔，每季至
少应组织检查 1 次。
Article 8.3.2 Wear of rails and turnouts shall be comprehensively inspected once every year. An
inspection shall be organized for rails and turnouts subject to wear approaching the criteria for minor and
major damages at least once every quarter.
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第 8.3.3 条线路上的伤损钢轨应作标记，如表 8.3.3 所示。

Article 8.3.3 Damaged rails on railway shall be marked, as shown in Table 8.3.3.
钢轨伤损标记表 8.3.3
Marking of rail damages Table 8.3.3
伤损范围及标记
伤损种类 Range and marking of damage 说明
Type of damage 连续伤损一点伤损 Notes
Successive damage Damage at one spot
轻伤用白铅油作标记
Minor damage Mark with white lead oil.
轻伤有发展
The minor 用白铅油作标记
damage is Mark with white lead oil.
developing.
重伤用白铅油作标记
Major damage Mark with white lead oil.
第 8.3.4 条发现重伤钢轨应立即通知维修车间和工务调度。
Article 8.3.4 Upon identification of a major damage, repair workshop and the maintenance dispatcher
shall be informed immediately.
综合维修中心每月应将钢轨探伤进度及结果和其他方法检查发现的钢轨伤损情况经分析后报维保部(含伤
损钢轨月报表，见附录九)。
Integrated repair centers shall, on monthly basis, report the progress and result of rail detection and the
damage conditions of rails identified through inspection with other methods to the Repair & Maintenance
Department after analysis (including the Monthly Damaged Rail Report, see Appendix IX).
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第九章巡守工作
Chapter IX Patrol
第一节巡守制度
Section I Patrol system
第 9.1.1 条线路巡守人员(巡道工、道口工)应具备下列条件：
Article 9.1.1 Track patrol personnel (track patrolling man, crossing watchman) shall possess the
following conditions:
一、熟悉有关规章制度及线路业务；
I. Be familiar with relevant regulations, systems and track operations;
二、有单独处理故障的能力；
II. Be capable of handling a fault on his own;
三、巡守人员(含替班人员)应经维修车间考试合格后上岗。
III. Patrol personnel (including substitution personnel) shall take the post after passing the examination
by repair workshop.
第 9.1.2 条线路巡守人员应执行下列工作制度：
Article 9.1.2 Track patrol personnel shall implement the following work systems:
一、交接班制度
I. Shift turnover system
线路巡守人员交接班时，应交清和接清下列事项：
During shift turnover, track patrol personnel shall hand over and take over the following matters:
1.发现的问题和处理情况以及需要继续处理的问题，并记入交接班记录簿内；
1. Problems identified, handling of the problems, problems needing to be further handled, and recording
the same in the shift turnover record book;
2.信号用品、巡道牌、工具、材料及其他备品等。
2. Signal devices, patrol signs, tools, materials and other spare parts.
二、汇报制度
II. Reporting system
1.发现影响行车安全的故障和其他重要情况时，应及时报告工长或车间主任，危及行车安全时应立即采取
防护措施并向车站和维修车间调度报告；
1. Report to the supervisor or shop manager in time upon identification of fault and other important
conditions which may affect the train operation safety, and when the train operation safety is endangered,
take immediate protection measures and report to the dispatchers at station and repair shop.
2.经常向工长汇报行车安全及人身安全情况、线路设备变化情况。
2. Report the train operation safety and personal safety status as well as variation of track equipment to
supervisor on regular basis.
第二节巡道
Section II Track patrol
第 9.2.1 条维修车间应根据管内设备情况合理设置巡回区，在自然条件很差、沿线人烟稀少且列车次数不
多的区段，可实行定期巡道制。巡道班制由维保部根据各线具体情况决定。
Article 9.2.1 Repair workshops shall, according to the equipment conditions within their respective
scope of management, establish patrol areas in a reasonable manner, and the periodic patrol system
may be implemented for sections of poor natural conditions, sparsely populated along the route and with
few operation of trains. The patrol shift system shall be decided by the Repair & Maintenance
Department according the specific conditions of each track.
第 9.2.2 条巡道工在当班巡道时，应穿戴防护服，按照维修车间编制的巡回图巡道，以 3km／h 左右的速
度全面查看线路，掌握重点列车运行时刻，注意嘹望，及时下道避车，目送本线运行列车。重点检查：
Article 9.2.2 When working on a patrol shift, track patrolling man shall wear protective clothing,
comprehensively check the track at a speed about 3 km/h according to the patrol map prepared by repair
81
workshop, master the operation time of key trains, watch out to get off tracks and avoid the trains in time,
and watch trains running on the track to keep running forward. Key inspections:
一、钢轨、道岔及主要联结零件是否缺损，原有标记的伤损是否变化；
I. Any damage of rails, turnouts and main connecting parts, and any variation of formerly marked
damages;
二、是否有侵入限界、胀轨跑道等线路故障；
II. Any track faults, such as gauge intrusion, buckling of track, etc.;
三、路基沉陷、塌方落石、水害、沙害等情况；
III. Any conditions like subgrade subsidence, collapse and rockfall, water hazard, sand hazard, etc.;
四、桥头护锥是否出现异常；
IV. Any abnormity in protective cone at bridge end;
五、道口铺面及护桩是否缺损。
V. Any damage of crossing pavement and protective stake.
如线路发生故障，应立即按有关规定进行防护、处理。
In the case of a fault on track, protect and handle in accordance with relevant provisions immediately.
第 9.2.3 条巡道工在当班巡回时，应打紧浮起道钉，拧紧松动的螺栓，清扫无人看守道口的轮缘槽。
Article 9.2.3 During a patrol shift, track patrolling man shall strike floating spikes, fasten loosened bolts
and clean flange ways at unattended crossing.
第三节道口看守
Section III Watch of crossing
第 9.3.1 条道口工值班应注意瞭望列车，注意信号显示、警铃音响和道口交通情况，在列车通过前后适时
关、开栏杆或栏门。
Article 9.3.1 During work, crossing watchman shall pay attention to watch out of trains, note the signal
display, bell sound and traffic conditions at crossing, and close or open the railing or roadway gate
before or after a train passes by.
双线和多线地段的道口，列车通过后，必须确认其他线路无列车驶来，多人看守道口应先互对信号后方可
开放栏杆或栏门。
After a train passes by a crossing in a double- or multiple-track section, the railing or roadway gate can
be opened only after confirmation that no other trains is coming from other tracks and after confirmation
of signals with each other if a crossing is attended by multiple watchmen.
如道口发生故障，应按《铁路工务安全规则》的规定首先进行防护，然后迅速组织力量排除故障。
In the case of a fault at crossing, protect in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations on Railway
Maintenance Safety first, and then quickly organize relevant personnel to eliminate the fault.
第 9.3.2 条道口工应清扫轮缘槽，平整道口铺面，定期对栏杆或栏门转动设备涂润滑油，清理道口排水设
备，保持道口和附近线路整洁。
Article 9.3.2 Crossing watchman shall clean flange ways, level the pavement at crossing, lubricate the
rotary equipment of railings or roadway gate on regular basis, clear the drainage equipment at crossing,
and keep the crossing and tracks nearby clean.
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附录一线路修理总量计算方法
Appendix I Method for Total Track Repair Quantity Calculation
线路修理是根据运输需要及线路设备损耗规律，周期性、有计划地对损耗部分进行更新和修理，恢复和提
高设备强度，延长设备的使用寿命，使列车能以规定的速度安全、平稳和不间断地运行。
Track repair is to update and repair track equipment in a planned and periodic way to restore and
increase the strength of track equipment, prolong the service life of track, and enable trains to run safely,
stably and continuously at the specified speeds according to the requirements of transportation and the
wear rule of track equipment.
修理总量 Xk 按下式计算：
The total repair quantity Xk is calculated with the following formula:
式中 L——正线延展长度(km)；
Where, L - stretching length of main line (km);
W 年——年通过总重(Mt)；
W year - annual gross traffic volume (Mt);
l——每一种钢轨的延展长度(km)；
I - stretching length of each type of rail (km);
G——各种修程的修理周期(Mt)，按表 6.1.1 规定执行。
G - repair cycle under different repair and inspection schedules (Mt), to be in accordance with Table
6.1.1.
应用上述计算公式应考虑以下几种因素：
To employ the above calculation formula, the following factors shall be considered:
1.线路平、纵断面的影响，尤其是长大坡道、小半径曲线的影响；
1. Impacts of cross section and profile of route, especially the impacts of long and large ramps and
curves of small radius;
2.线路大修实际周期，超前和滞后情况；
2. Actual overhaul cycles of tracks, and status of forward and backward implementation;
3.考虑线路实际状态，结合秋检，计算线路修理控制总量。
3. The total control quantity of track repair shall be calculated in consideration of the actual state of
tracks and in combination with the inspection in autumn.
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附录二轨枕间距尺寸计算方法
Appendix II Method for Sleeper Pitch Calculation
一、每节钢轨轨枕配置根数按下式计算：
I. The number of sleepers to be configured for each rail section shall be calculated with the following
formula:
式中 n——每节钢轨轨枕配置根数；
Where, n - number of sleepers to be configured for each rail section;
N——每千米轨枕标准配置根数；
N - standard number of sleepers to be configured for one kilometer;
L——每节钢轨长度(m)，不含轨缝。
L - length of each rail section (m), excluding rail joint gap.
上式计算所得的 n 值，采用整数(四舍五人)。
The value of n calculated with the above formula shall be an integral (round-off).
二、每节钢轨轨枕间距 a、b、c 值按下式计算：
II. Sleeper pitches a, b and c of each rail section shall be calculated with the following formula:
式中 L′——每节钢轨长度(mm)，含 1 个轨缝(一般采用 9mm)；

Where, L' - length of each rail section (mm), including one rail joint gap (generally 9 mm);
b——a 与 c 之间的过渡间距(mm)；
b - transitional pitch between a and c (mm);
c——钢轨接头两根轨枕间距(mm)，其值系根据钢轨接头构造而定；
c - pitch between two sleepers at rail joint (mm), which is determined according to the structure of rail
joint;
a——除接头轨枕间距(c)和过渡间距(b)外的其余轨枕间距(mm)。
a - other sleeper pitches apart from joint sleeper pitch (c) and transitional pitch (b).
一般 a>b>c。
In general, a>b>c.
如采用，则
If applying ,
将计算所得的 a 值，采用整数。如 a 值大于第 3.3.6 条的规定，则每节钢轨轨枕配置根数应增加 1 根。由
于 n 值的改变，重新计算 a 值(仍采用整数)，再根据 a 及 c 按下式求出 b 值(参看图附 2—1)：
The value of a calculated shall be an integral. In case the value a is larger than that specified in Article
3.3.6, the number of sleepers configured for each rail section shall be increased by 1. Due to the change
of n, re-calculate the value of a (still an integral), and then obtain the value of b based on a and c (see
Figure 2-1):
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Figure 2-1
85
附录三轨道检查车使用办法
Appendix III Track Inspection Car Operation Method
一、每千米扣分总数 S 的计算公式
I. Formula for calculating the total penalty point S per kilometer
式中 s——每千米扣分总数(各级、各项偏差扣分的总和)；
Where s - total penalty point per kilometer ( sum of penalty points for each class and each deviation);
Ki——各级偏差的扣分数；
Ki - penalty point for each deviation;
Tj——各项的加权系数，T1～T7 均为 1；
Tj - weighting coefficient, T1~T7 are all in 1;
Cij——各检查项目各级偏差的个数。
Cij - number of deviations under each inspection item.
二、轨道质量指数(TQI)的计算公式
II. Calculation formula of track quality index (TQI)
式中 ——各项几何偏差的标准差；
Where, - standard difference of geometrical deviations;
——各项几何偏差在单元区段中连续采样点的幅值经 Xij 的算术平均值；

- arithmetic mean value of amplitude of geometrical deviations after X ij at successive sampling points
in unit section;
n——采样点的个数(200m 单元区段中，n=800)。
n - number of sampling points (in a 200 m unit section, n=800).
三、使用要求
III. Operation requirements
1.轨检车应按规定进行标定和对标；
1. Track inspection car shall calibrate and align with signs according to requirements;
2.轨检车的走行和测量系统应经常保持技术状态良好和检测准确；
2. The traveling and measurement systems of track inspection car shall be always kept at good technical
state and with inspection accuracy.
3.轨检车出车前应安排好检测计划，并通报有关单位，挂运中不得随意变更车次；
3. Prior to dispatch, an inspection plan shall be arranged for track inspection car and informed to relevant
units, and the train number shall not be changed without permission in the course of coupled operation.
4.轨检车应正向连挂客车尾部，任何情况下均不得与货车连挂。
4. Track inspection car shall face the rear of passenger car coupled, and shall not be coupled with freight
car under any circumstances.
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四、轨检车的检修
IV. Inspection and repair of track inspection car
1.车辆定期进行轴检、段修和厂修；
1. Track inspection cars shall be spot checked and repaired in depot and workshop periodically;
2.机辆段负责轨检车检测设备的定期检修和紧急修理，并负责协调设备生产厂对检测设备的返厂检修。
2. The rolling stock depot is responsible for periodic maintenance and emergency repair of inspection
devices on track inspection car, and shall coordinate with device manufacturers for return of the
inspection devices to manufacturer for inspection and repair.
五、轨检车评分统计报告表
V. Track scoring and statistical report of track inspection car
轨检车线路评分统计报告表
Track scoring and statistical report of track inspection car
20 年第季度
quarter of 20
其中偏差扣分 Ⅲ
Including Penalty point for deviation 及
平
千米数百分比 Ⅳ
Kilometer Percent 横级
均
垂向
检三偏
向
扣差
轨加
线查长高轨角数
加合
度优合优合水分 Num
失失向速
别 Leng 低距平坑 ber
Rail 速计
Tr th of 良格良格 Longit Ga Le Twi Aver of
ac inspe 格括 udinal dire ug vel st 度 To
age Clas
G Acce G Acce
k ction Fail Fail level ctio e of Vertic 度
tal
pen ses
oo ptabl oo ptabl n
typ ure ure trac al Horizo alty III
d e d e
e k accele ntal poin and
ration accele t IV
ration deiva
tions
分
分分分分分
K 分分分 /km 个
Km Km ％％％％ Poin Poi Po Po Po
m Point Point Point Poin Nr.
t nt int int int
t/km
轨道检查车号：
Track inspection car No.:
轨道检查车负责人：
Person in charge of track inspection car:
单位：(公章)年月日
Unit: (seal) MM-DD-YY
87
附录四螺旋道钉锚固用料与工艺
Appendix IV Material and Process for Screw Spike Anchorage
一、材料技术条件
I. Material and technical conditions
螺旋道钉锚固用料，由硫磺、水泥、砂子和石蜡配制而成。
The material for anchorage of screw spikes is prepared with sulfur, cement, sand and paraffin.
1.硫磺：Ⅱ～Ⅲ级工业用硫磺，纯度为 95％及以上，配制前打成碎块。如受潮，应在配制前干燥。
1. Sulfur: industrial sulfur of Class II~III and 95% and above purity; sulfur shall be broken before
preparation. If dampened, sulfur shall be dried before preparation.
2.水泥：普通硅酸盐水泥，不低于 42.5 级。如有结块，配制前过筛。
2. Cement: Portland cement not lower than Class 42.5. In the case of agglomeration, cement shall be
sieved prior to preparation.
3.砂子：天然级配中粗砂，粒径不大于 2mm，配制前过筛、洗净、烘干。
3. Sand: natural graded medium to coarse sands with particle size not over 2 mm; sands shall be sieved,
cleaned and dried before preparation.
4.石蜡：一般工业用石蜡，配制前打成碎块。
4. Paraffin: common industrial paraffin; paraffin shall be broken before preparation.
5.各种材料不得混有杂物。
5. The materials shall not be mixed with foreign matters.
二、成分配合比
II. Mix ratio
根据气候条件，按以下规定的质量配合比范围，试验选定各种材料用量：
The usage of various materials shall be tested and determined within the range of mass mix proportions
specified below according to the climate conditions:
硫磺：水泥：砂子：石蜡
Sulfur:cement:sand:paraffin
1：(0.3-0.6)：(1～1.5)：(0.01～0.03)
配制成的溶液应较稠，其流动度以不影响灌注为宜。
The prepared solution shall be thick, and its fluidity should not affect the pouring.
三、溶制工艺
III. Solution preparation process
1.按选定的配合比，称好各种材料的一次溶制量。
1. Weigh the volume of various materials for one mix according to the mix ratio determined.
2.先将砂子放人锅内搅拌加热至 100℃～120℃，再将水泥放人锅内搅拌加热至 130℃左右，最后将硫磺和
石蜡放入锅内，继续搅拌加热，使溶液混合均匀，由稀变稠成液胶状时(温度升高至 160℃左右)即可使用。
2. Put sands into a pot, mix and heat the sands to 100℃~120℃, put cement into the pot, mix and heat the
solution to about 130℃, finally put sulfur and paraffin into the pot, and keep mixing and heating to
uniformly blend the solution until it becomes a thicker colloidal liquid (raising the temperature to about
160℃). Then the solution can be used.
四、锚固工艺
IV. Anchorage process
1.清理好钉孔，恢复原来的喇叭型。
1. Clear the spike holes to resume the former bellmouth shape.
2.用粗砂将孔底封死并捣固，净留孔深不小于 160mm。
2. Seal the bottom of holes with coarse sands and tamp, where the net hole depth reserved shall not be
less than 160 mm.
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3.摆正锚固架，控制螺纹道钉位置。
3. Properly position the anchorage frame, and control the positions of screw spikes.
4.溶液一次灌够，但不宜太满。
4. Pour the solution of enough volume into holes, but holes shall not be completed full.
5.将螺旋道钉顺锚固架左右旋转垂直插入，螺旋道钉的方(圆)应高出承轨台面，使用扣板扣件时高出 5～
8mm，使用弹条扣件时高出 0～2mm。
5. Rotate screw spikes to the left and right along the anchorage frame, and insert the spikes vertically,
where the square (round) end of the spikes shall be higher than the rail bearing surface so that they can
be 5~8 mm higher when clip fastening is used and 0~2 mm higher when spring clip fastening is used.
6.外溢的溶液凝固后，应铲除干净。
6. After the overflowed solution is hardened, remove it completely.
五、注意事项
V. Precautions
1.硫磺为易燃物，不得近火存放，配制溶液时不得先放硫磺。
1. Sulfur is flammable, and shall not be stored near fire or put in first during solution preparation.
2.溶制锚固料时，应控制火力，温度不得超过 180℃。
2. During the preparation of anchorage material through melting, control the heat power to restrict the
temperature below 180℃.
3.溶制锚固料时，作业人员应戴防护用品，站在上风处。
3. During the preparation of anchorage material through melting, operation personnel shall wear
protective appliances, and stand upwind.
4.溶制处所与锚固地点距离不宜太远。
4. The melting preparation location shall not be too far from the anchorage location.
5.如有剩余的已凝固锚固料，可在下次打碎放人锅内溶化使用。
5. Solidified remaining anchorage material may be broken and put into pot for melting in the next time.
89
附录五铁道旧轨使用和整修技术条件
Appendix V Technical Specifications for Using and Repairing of Used Rails
1 范圈
1. Scope
本标准规定了铁道 50kg／m 旧轨的兮类、整修轨技术要求及验收规则，以及再用轨的使用技术要求。
The specifications specify the classification of 50 kg/m used rails, the technical requirements and
acceptance rules for repaired rails, and the technical requirements for using reusable rails.
本标准适用于铁道 50kg／m 旧轨的使用和整修。
The specifications are applicable to the use and refit of 50 kg/m used rails.
2 术语及定义
2. Terms and definitions
下列术语及定义适用于本标准。
For the purpose of the specifications, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
旧轨 usedrails
从线路上换下的钢轨。
Rails replaced from tracks.
2.2
整修 repair
对换下的旧轨轨头进行打磨、轨头铣削、锯切、矫直、焊接、钻孔等工序加工。
Machining processes such as grinding, milling, cutting, straightening, welding, drilling, etc. performed at
the head of replaced used rails.
2.3
再用轨 reusablerail
经钢轨管理部门确认，不需整修或经过整修后再次使用的旧轨。
Used rails which, after the confirmation of rail management department, require no repair or can be
reused after repair.
2.4
整修轨 repairedrail
经整|修后的旧轨。
Used rails after repair.
2.5
报废轨 uselessrail
不能再用的旧轨。
Used rails which can no longer be used.
3 旧轨的分类
3. Classification of used rails
旧轨分为两类：
Used rails can be divided into two types:
一类为再用轨；二类为报废轨。
One is reusable rail; the other is useless rail.
4 再用轨的分类
4. Classification of reusable rails
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4.1 按表 1 规定将再用轨分为四级：
4.1 Reusable rails are divided into four classes according to Table 1:
再用轨分类表 1
Classification of reusable rails Table 1
伤损限值
Damage limit
二级(整修前) 三级(整修前)
伤损项目一级四级
Class 2 (before Class 3 (before
Damage item Level 1 Level 4
repair) repair)
60kg／ 50kg／ 60kg／ 50kg／ 60kg／ 50kg／ 60kg／ 50kg／
m m m m m m m m
垂直磨耗 mm
<3 <3 <4 <4 <6 <5.5 <9 <8
Vertical wear, mm
磨
Wear 翻面磨耗 mm <5 <5 <10 <10 <13 <1l <14 <12
Turnover wear
耗
波浪磨耗谷深 mm
Valley depth of <O.1 <O.1 <1.0 <l.O <0.5 <O.5 <O.5 <O.5
waveform wear, mm
轨底边缘剩余厚度 mm
Remaining thickness ≥9 ≥8 ≥9 ≥8 ≥7 ≥6 ≥6 ≥5
at edge of rail base
轨腰剩余厚度 mm
Remaining thickness ≥14 ≥14 ≥14 ≥14 ≥13 ≥ll ≥12 ≥10
at rail web, mm
锈
轨腰和轨底圆弧过渡
Rust
处单面蚀坑深度 mm
Corrosion pit depth on
蚀 one side of arc <4 <4 <4 <4 <5 <5 <5 <5
transition between rail
web and rail base,
mm
孰头下颚透锈裂纹
Run-through rusting 无无无无
at lower jaw of rail None None None None
head
剥落掉块深度和长度深度<0.5；深度<1.5；深度<2.5；深度<3.O；
Depth and length of peeled Depth<0.5; Depth<1.5; Depth<2.5; Depth<3.0;
off spalling 长度<5 长度不限长度<15 长度<15
mm Length<5 No limit for length Length<15 Length<15
表面擦伤深度 mm
<O.5 <1.5 <1.5 <2.O
Surface abrasion depth, mm
剥离裂纹深度 mm
Depth of peeled off crack, 0 <1.5 <1.5 <2.O
mm
轨距挡板卡痕深度 mm
Clamping depth of angled <3.O <3.O <3.5 <4.O
guide plate, mm
低头及压堆 mm／m ≤O.5 <1.5 <1.5 ≤2.0
91
Head lowering and pushing,

mm/m
一侧肥边 mm
≤1.0 ≤3.0 ≤2.0 ≤3.0
Rail lip at one side, mm
无轻重伤无轻重伤无轻重伤无轻重伤
伤损程度
No minor or No minor or No minor or No minor or
Degree of damage
major damage major damage major damage major damage
对于经整修后用于速度小于 80km／h 的线路的整修轨，磨耗限值可适当放宽。
For repaired rails that are used for tracks with speed lower than 80 km/h after repair, the wear limit may
be appropriately eased.
注：二级再用轨适于进行综合整修，三级再用轨适于进行一般整修。
Note: Class 2 reusable rails are suitable for comprehensive repair, and Class 3 reusable rails are
suitable for common repair.
一级再用轨为表面状态很好，无伤损或只有轻微伤损的，不经整修即可再用的旧轨。
Class 1 reusable rails are used rails which are in a good surface condition, have no damage or only
minor damage, and can be reused without repair.
二级再用轨为表面状态略差于一级再用轨，但可以通过综合整修(即对轨头进行铣削加工)使其状态得以恢
复再用的旧轨。
Class 2 reusable rails are used rails which are in a surface condition slightly inferior to Class 1 reusable
rails but can be reused after such surface condition is repaired through comprehensive repair (i.e. milling
of rail head).
三级再用轨为表面状态介于二级再用轨和四级再用轨之间，通过一般整修(即不需对轨头进行铣削加工)后
可以在次一级线路再用的旧轨。
Class 3 reusable rails are used rails which are in a surface condition between that of Class 1 and Class 2
and can be reused on auxiliary tracks after common repair (i.e. milling of rail head is required).
四级再用轨为表面状态已接近轻伤标准，通过整修已无法恢复良好表面状态，换下后不经整修直接在次要
站线再用的旧轨。
Class 4 reusable rails are used rails which are in a surface condition that is close to the minor damage
criteria, cannot be recovered to a good surface condition after repair, and are directly reused on auxiliary
tracks without repair after replacement.
5.2 钢轨的累积通过总重为 550Mt～700Mt 时，宜作为二级再用轨进行综合整修。
5.2 When the cumulative traffic volume of rail is 550~700 Mt, it should be used as Class 2 reusable rail
and subject to comprehensive repair.
6 整修前的检查
6. Inspections before repair
6.1 表面检查
6.1Surface inspection
有以下情况的钢轨应做出标记：
Rails shall be marked in the case of the following conditions:
a)表面伤损超出表 1 要求的钢轨；
a) Rails with surface damage exceeding the limit given in Table 1;
b)检查部门已经标出的轻伤(△)及以上的钢轨及其接头；
b) Rails and their joints which are marked as minor damage (△) and more severe damage by the
inspection department;
c)螺栓孔和信号孔。
c) Bolt holes and signal holes.
6.2 尺寸检查
6.2 Dimension inspection
92
6.2.1 基本要求
6.2.1 Basic requirements
整修前应进行外形尺寸的检查，检查时对旧轨逐根进行全长目测观察。值对于磨耗量、轨底边缘厚度和轨
腰厚度明显变化的地方进行测量，测量前应对所测部位进行除锈。磨耗量、轨底边缘厚度和轨腰厚度测量
方法按 6.2.2、6.2.3、6.2.4 的规定执行。
Prior to repair, inspect the overall dimensions by visually observe the used rails one by one. Measure
places where have apparent change in wear, rail base edge thickness and rail web thickness, and derust
the places to be measured before measurement. Measure the wear, rail base edge thickness and rail
web thickness with the methods described in 6.2.2, 6.2.3 and 6.2.4.
6.2.2 磨耗检查
6.2.2 Wear inspection
应测量每根钢轨的磨耗，每隔 10m 测量一点。垂直磨耗在钢轨顶面宽 1／3 处(距标准工作边)测量，侧面
磨耗在钢轨路面(按标准断面)下 16mm 处测量。
Measure the wear of each rail by measuring a point every 10 m. Measure the vertical wear at 1/3 of rail
top width (from the standard gauge line), and the side wear at 16 mm below the rail pavement (based on
standard cross section).
6.2.3 轨底边缘厚度检查
6.2.3 Inspection of rail base edge thickness
应用游标卡尺逐根对钢轨轨底边缘厚度进行检查，每隔 10m 选目测最薄处进行测量，任一点的测量值均
应达到表 1 的要求。
Check the base edge thickness of rails one by one with vernier caliper, and measure at the visually
thinnest position every 10 m, where the value measured at any point shall meet the requirement in Table
1.
6.2.4 轨腰厚度检查
6.2.4 Inspection of rail web thickness
应用游标卡尺逐根对钢轨轨腰厚度进行检查，每隔 10m 选目测最薄处进行测量，任一点的测量值均应达
到表 1 的要求。
Check the web thickness of rails one by one with vernier caliper, and measure at the visually thinnest
position every 10 m, where the value measured at any point shall meet the requirement in Table 1.
6.3 探伤检查
6.3 Detecting check
对于准备做有孔轨的螺栓孔应进行探伤，如有裂纹螺栓孔应予以切除。
A detecting check shall be made for bolt holes on bored rail, and bolt hole with crack shall be cut off.
7 整修技术要求
7 Technical requirements for repair
7.1 整修工艺
7.1 Repair process
7.1.1 去除工作边肥边
7.1.1 Removal of lipping on running surface of rail
将工作边肥边逐一清除。
Remove lipping on running surface of rail one by one.
7.1.2 锯切旧轨
7.1.2 Cutting of used rail
7.1.2.1 钢轨锯切时，锯切点离标记处应不小于 100mm。
7.1.2.1 During rail cutting, the distance between cutting point and marking point shall not be less than
100 mm.
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7.1.2.2 若轨端是用火焰切割的，该轨端应予以锯除，锯切点离轨端应不小于 100mm。

7.1.2.2 If a rail end is cut by flame, the rail end shall be cut off, and the cutting point shall at least be 100
mm away from the rail end.
7.1.2.3 长度小于 9m 的钢轨不再锯切使用。
7.1.2.3 Rails with length less than 9 m shall not be cut for use.
7.1.3 钢轨矫直
7.1.3 Straightening of rail
钢轨应进行矫直，消除钢轨的硬弯、上拱和低头等。
Rails shall be straightened to eliminate the hard bending, camber, head lowering, etc. on the rails.
7.1.4 整修轨焊接
7.1.4 Welding of repaired rail
7.1.4.1 铣削后钢轨高度和宽度相差分别在 0.5mm 以内的同批钢轨允许焊接，相同工作边对焊。
7.1.4.1 After milling, rails of the same batch whose differences of height and width are within 0.5 mm are
allowed for welding, and butt welding shall be performed on the running surface of rail.
7.1.4.2 同批钢轨应集中焊接。
7.1.4.2 Rails of the same batch shall be collectively welded.
7.1.5 轨头铣削
7.1.5 Milling of rail end
7.1.5.1 轨头铣削应去除踏面表面裂纹、擦伤、鞍型磨耗、波浪磨耗、肥边等各类伤损。
7.1.5.1 During milling of rail ends, damages such as tread surface crack, abrasion, saddle wear,
waveform wear, lipping, etc. shall be removed.
7.1.5.2 钢轨踏面和工作边的几何形状按同一轨型新轨的轨头轮廓加工。
7.1.5.2 The geometrical shape of tread and running surface of rails shall be machined according to the
end profile of new rail of the same type.
7.1.5.3 经铣削后的轨顶面(包括轨顶角圆弧面)在全长范围内应呈现连续的切削光带。整修轨高度与新轨高
度差应不大于 6mm。对于经整修后用于速度小于 80km／h 的线路的整修轨，其整修高度要求可适当放宽。
7.1.5.3 Milled rail top surface (including the arc surface at rail corner angle) shall show a continuous light
band of cutting within the full length. The height difference between repaired and new rails shall not be
more than 6 mm. For repaired rails that are used for tracks with speed lower than 80 km/h after repair,
the requirement for repaired height may be appropriately eased.
7.2 整修轨检验
7.2 Inspection of repaired rail
7.2.1 整修轨应从轨头对钢轨全长进行疲劳缺陷的超声波探伤。
7.2.1 The full length from end of repaired rails shall be subject to ultrasonic detecting to detect the
fatigue defects.
7.2.2 应对定尺轨和缩短轨的螺栓孔进行外观质量检查。
7.2.2 A visual examination shall be made to bolt holes on cut-to-length and shortened rails.
8 验收、标志、储存及装车
8 Acceptance, marking, storage and loading
8.1 工厂应提供产品合格证，注明该批钢轨的钢种、型号、长度、根数、钢轨高度和整修厂家名称。
8.1 Manufacturer shall provide the product certificate indicating the steel grade, model, length, number,
height and name of repair factory of rails of a batch.
8.2 在距轨端 0.5m～1m 非工作边轨腰处用红底白字标明钢种、整修年月和钢轨长度。
8.2 Mark the steel grade, repair time and rail length in white letters on red background at rail web on the
non-running surface that is 0.5~1 m from rail end.
8.3 应根据整修轨的不同高度，标识清楚，分别存放。
8.3 Repaired rails shall be clearly marked and separately stored by height.
94
8.4 定尺轨和缩短轨应采取平排列方式，分类码放。多层存放时，层间垫物应平直，上下位置对齐，防止
钢轨受力不均而变形。
8.4 Cut-to-length and shortened rails shall be piled by type in parallel. In the case of storage in multiple
layers, the bedding in layers shall be flat and straight and aligned to prevent deformation of rails due to
uneven stressing.
9 再用轨的使用
9 Use of reusable rails
不需整修的一级和四级再用轨以及经综合整修和一般整修后的二级和三级再用轨的使用按表 2 执行。不需
整修的一级再用轨、未经综合整修的二级再用轨和未经一般整修的三级再用轨可降级使用。
The use of Classes 1 and 4 reusable rails which require no repair and Classes 2 and 3 reusable rails
after comprehensive and common repair shall be implemented according to Table 2. Class 1 reusable
rails requiring no repair, Class 2 reusable rails not subject to comprehensive repair and Class 3 reusable
rails not subject to common repair can be degraded for use.
再用轨使用条件表 2
Using conditions for reusable rails Table 2
再用轨分类使用条件
Classification of reusable rail Conditions for use
年通过总重 Mt
级别轨型速度 km／h Annual gross 说明
Class Rail type Speed, km/h traffic volume, Notes
Mt
60lkg／m ≤120 ≤50 同一类型同等长度的再用轨应连续使用
一级不短于 0.5km
Reusable rails of the same type and
Level 1 50kg／m ≤100 ≤30 the same length shall be successively
used for no less than 0.5 km.
二级 60kg／m ≤120 ≤50

Level 2 50kg／m ≤100 ≤30
三级 60kg／m ≤100 ≤30

Level 3 50kg／m ≤100 ≤30
60kg／m 可成段使用于次要站线；每股道应使用
同一类型和长度的再用轨，特殊情况下
长度应不超过两种
The rails may be used for secondary
四级 station tracks in section; each track
Level 4 50kg／m shall use reusable tracks of the same
type and length, and in the case of
special conditions, the number of
different lengths shall not be more
than two.
95
附录六常用表格
Appendix VI Commonly Used Forms
工线一 1 线路检查记录簿(64 开本)
GX-1 Track Inspection Record Book (sixty–fourmo)
工线一 2 固定型道岔检查记录簿(64 开本)
GX-2 Fixed Turnout Inspection Record Book (sixty–fourmo)
工线一 3 曲线正矢检查记录簿(64 开本)
GX-3 Curve Versine Inspection Record Book (sixty–fourmo)
工线一 4 线路综合维修验收记录(16 开本)
GX-4 Track Comprehensive Repair & Acceptance Record (sextodecimo)
工线一 5 道岔综合维修验收记录(16 开本)
GX-5 Turnout Comprehensive Repair & Acceptance Record (sextodecimo)
工线一 6 伤损钢轨月报(16 开本)
GX-6 Monthly Damaged Rail Report (sextodecimo)
工线一 7 线路设备状态评定统计报告(16 开本)
GX-7 Track Equipment State Evaluation Statistical Report (sextodecimo)
工线一 8 线路保养质量评定记录(16 开本)
GX-8 Track Maintenance Quality Evaluation Record (sextodecimo)
工线一 9 道岔保养质量评定记录(16 开本)
GX-9 Turnout Maintenance Quality Evaluation Record (sextodecimo)
工线一 10 线路、道岔保养质量评定统计报告(8 开本)
GX-10 Track and Turnout Maintenance Quality Evaluation Statistical Report (octavo)
工线一 11 线路大、中修验收证
GX-11 Track Overhaul and Medium Repair Acceptance Certificate
工线一 12 道岔大修验收证
GX-12 Turnout Overhaul Acceptance Certificate
工线一 13 线路大、中修主要材料使用数量表
GX-13 Table of Main Material Usages for Track Overhaul and Medium Repair
工线一 14 线路大修钢轨配轨表
GX-14 Table of Track Overhaul Rail Configuration
注：①各种记录、记录簿，使用单位可根据需要增加内容。
Note: ①Units using the records and record books may increase contents as they may need.
②各种记录簿的封面．由维保部自行规定。
②The cover sheet of record books shall be specified by the Repair & Maintenance Department by itself.
96
工线一 1
GX-1
线路检查记录簿
Track Inspection Record Book
正线 km 至 km 站线股道曲线半径 m 超高 mm 顺坡率％
Main line km to km Station track curve radius m Superelevation mm Rate of
superelevation slope ％
钢轨编号
检查
Rail No.
日期
Date 检查
of 项目
接接接接接接接接
insp Items 中间中间中间中间中间中间中间
头头头头头头头头
ectio Interm Interm Interm Interm Interm Interm Interm
n Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo Jo
ediate ediate ediate ediate ediate ediate ediate
int int int int int int int int
轨距
Track
gaug
e
水平、
三角
坑
Level
and
twist
of
track
轨向、
高低
及其
他
Rail
direct
ion,
longit
udina
l level
and
other
s
临时
补修
日期
及内
容
Date
and
conte
nt of
temp
orary
repair
轨距
Track
gaug
e
水平、
97
三角
坑
Level
and
twist
of
track
轨向、
高低
及其
他
Rail
direct
ion,
longit
udina
l level
and
other
s
临时
补修
日期
及内
容
Date
and
conte
nt of
temp
orary
repair
98
工线一 2
GX-2
道岔检查记录簿
Turnout Inspection Record Book
站名道岔编号型号
Station name Turnout No. Model
转辙部分导曲线部分辙叉部分
Switch Divert curve Frog
尖尖轨跟
前顺叉心中护背距
检查轨尖端叉心前叉心后查照间
坡终直线导曲线 Middle 离
尖轨 Rear Before After 隔
日期点 Straight Divert
point of
of
point of Guard 支记
Date 检查 End 端中 end of track curve point of
Check
rail face 距事
of 项目处 Mi switch frog frog gauge
of frog gauge Of No
insp Items front Po d rail fs te
ectio int of et s
incli
n of sw 曲前中后前中后直曲直曲直曲直曲直曲
natio
sw itc 直 Cu Fr Mi R Fr Mi R Str Cu Str Cu Str Cu Str Cu Str Cu
n
itc h Stra rv on ddl e on ddl e aig rv aig rv aig rv aig rv aig rv
slop
h rail ight e t e ar t e ar ht e ht e ht e ht e ht e
e
rail
轨距
Track
gaug
e
水平
× × × × × × ×
Level
轨向、
高低
及其
他
Rail
direct
ion,
longit
udina
l
level
and
other
s
临时
补修
日期
及内
容
Date
and
conte
nt of
temp
orary
repai
r
轨距
Track
gaug
e
水平 × × × × × × ×
99
Level
轨向、
高低
及其
他
Rail
direct
ion,
longit
udina
l
level
and
other
s
临时
补修
日期
及内
容
Date
and
conte
nt of
temp
orary
repai
r
100
工线一 3
GX-3
曲线正矢检查记录簿
Curve Versine Inspection Record Book
曲线位置：k+～k +
Curve position: k + ~ k +
曲线半径：m
Curve radius: m
直缓点位置：号测点+m 缓和曲线长 m 曲线全长 m
Position of tangent to spiral point: No. measuring point + m Length of easement curve m
Total curve length m
缓直点位置：号测点+m
Position of transition-tangent point : No. measuring point + m
年月日年月日年月日年月日年月日年月日
MM/DD/YY MM/DD/YY MM/DD/YY MM/DD/YY MM/DD/YY MM/DD/YY
测点拨控拨拨拨拨
计算现拨道后
现拨道
后
现拨道
后
现拨道
后
现拨道
后
现拨道
后
号
正矢场量正
场量
正
场量
正
场量
正
场量
正
场量
正
记
Num
Calcu 正 Qua 正 Qua 正 Qua 正 Qua 正 Qua 正 Qua 事
ber of 矢矢矢矢矢矢
lated 矢 ntity 矢 ntity 矢 ntity 矢 ntity 矢 ntity 矢 ntity No
meas Ver Ver Ver Ver Ver Ver
versi Fiel of Fiel of Fiel of Fiel of Fiel of Fiel of tes
uring sine sine sine sine sine sine
ne d trac d trac d trac d trac d trac d trac
point k afte k afte k afte k afte k afte k afte
ver ver ver ver ver ver
r r r r r r
sin linin sin linin sin linin sin linin sin linin sin linin
g linin g con g linin g linin g linin g linin
e e e e e e
g trol g g g g
101
工线一 4
GX-4
线路综合维修验收记录
Track Comprehensive Repair and Maintenance Record
正线：线行+ ～+
Main line: line + ~ +
站线：站线股道
Station track: station track
评分标准
扣分(分)
编号缺点情况及数量
项目缺点扣分内容 Penalty
Scoring Description and
Items Content of defect penalty point point
criterion number of defects
(score)
No.
轨道几何尺轨距误差及变化率水平误差及三角坑轨向误差
寸 1、2、3、4、高低误差
Geometrical Gauge error, variation rate horizontal error,
5
dimensions twist of track and rail direction error,
of rail longitudinal level error
接头错牙及接头相对误差连续瞎缝及大轨缝轨
端肥边
钢轨
6、7、8、9、 Rail ends unevenness in line or surface, joint
Rail
relative error, successive closed joints, large
rail joint gap and rail end lip
位置、间距误差及偏斜失效情况及修理吊板率
轨枕 11、12、13、
Position and spacing error, skew failure
Sleepers 14
condition, and suspended sleeper repair rate
接头螺栓缺少及作用情况铁垫板缺少，大小胶垫
缺少及失效道钉、扣件缺少道钉浮离，扣板离缝，
联结零件扣件扣压情况
15、16、17、 Missing of joint bolt, functioning condition,
Connecting
18、19、20 missing of baseplate, missing of big and small
parts
rubber gaskets, failed spike, missing of
fastener, floating spike, clip gap, fastener
clamping condition
轨道加强设
轨距杆及轨撑缺损或松动防爬设备及线路爬行
备 21、22、23、 Missing and damage of gauge rod and rail
Rail 24 brace, loosened anti-creep device, and creep
reinforcing of track
device
清筛情况尺寸及外观
道床
25、26、27 Ballast cleaning condition, dimensions and
Ballast bed
appearance
路基路肩及排水
28、29
Sub-grade Shoulder and drainage
道口铺面及轮缘槽护桩
30、31、32
Crossing Protective stake for pavement and flange way
标志标记
缺少及不良
Signs and 33、34
Missing or defective
marks
102
缺点扣分合计
评定质量：
Total defect penalty
Quality evaluated:
points
验收人：(签字)年月日
Accepted by: (signature) MM-DD-YY
103
工线一 5
GX-5
道岔综合维修验收记录
Turnout Comprehensive Repair and Maintenance Record
车站：道岔编号：
Station: Turnout No.:
评分标准
缺点情况及数量
编号扣分(分)
项目缺点扣分内容 Description and
Scoring Penalty
Items Content of defect penalty point number of
criterion point (score)
defects
No.
轨道几何尺轨距误差水平误差轨向(支距)误差高低误差查照问
寸隔及护背距离尖趾距离
Geometrical 1～7 Gauge error, level error, rail direction (offset) error,
dimensions longitudinal level error, check gauge and guard rail
of rail face gauge, switch rail distance
尖轨、接头错牙连续瞎缝及大轨缝轨端肥边
钢轨 Switch rail, rail ends unevenness in line or surface,
8～11
Rail successive closed joints, large rail joint gap and rail
end lip
岔枕位置及间距误差失效情况及修理吊板率
Turnout 12～15 Position and spacing error, failure condition, and
sleeper suspended sleeper repair rate
尖轨与滑床板缝隙滑床板及护轨弹片上反或离缝，销
钉离缝连杆、顶铁、间隔铁及护轨螺栓缺少接头螺栓
情况，其余各种螺栓情况铁垫板缺少，大小胶垫缺少
及失效道钉、扣件缺少道钉浮离，轨距挡板、弹条作
用情况
联结零件 Gap between switch rail and slide plate, reverse
Connecting 16～26 mounting or gap of slide plate and guard rail clip,
parts missing of bolts of pin gap connecting rod, jacking
block, spacing block and guard rail, joint bolt
condition, condition of other bolts, missing of
baseplate, missing of big and small rubber gasket,
failed spike, missing of fastener, floating spike,
work condition of angled guide plate and clip
轨道加强设
备轨撑、轨距杆作用情况防爬设备及道岔爬行
Rail 27～29 Work condition of gauge rod and rail brace,
reinforcing anti-creep device, and creep of turnout
device
道床脏污及外观
30、31
Ballast bed Uncleanness and appearance
路基路肩及排水
32、33
Sub-grade Shoulder and drainage
标志标记
缺少及不良
Signs and 34、35
Missing or defective
marks
缺点扣分合计
评定质量：
Total defect
Quality evaluated:
penalty points
验收人：(签字)年月日
Accepted by: (signature) MM-DD-YY
104
工线一 6
Accepted by: (signature) MM-DD-YYGX-6
伤损钢轨月报
Monthly Damaged Rail Report
年月
MM-YY
累计现存数
本月检查发现数(根、组、块)
Cumulative existing
正检查 Number identified in inspections of the month (number and group) number
站数
线 Num 轻伤辙
轻伤辙叉重伤辙叉重叉
别 ber of 重伤钢轨
Frog with Frog with 伤
inspe 轻 Rail with major 轻重 Frog
T ction 伤 damage
minor major 伤伤焊 with
线 r 钢伤 damage damage 伤钢钢头 minor
名 a 轨损损轨轨 Se damage
断
Tra c 线道 R 尖夹 R R al
k 轨 ed
ck
ty
路岔 ail 焊 Br 轨板 ail ail
en
des (k ( wit 核孔头合 ok Da 锰合锰合
Da wit wit
d 锰
p 磨
crip m 组 h e ma 拼钢计拼钢计 ma h h wit 拼钢
e 伤裂 S 计
tion ) ) mi 耗 n ge 装 Ma ge mi m
h 装 Ma
of no N Ho e 其他 d 装 Ma d no aj
T Tu Misc ra m As nga
m uc le al T As nga T As nga T
r rn r W swi joi r or
ai da le bre e ellan o il tch se nes o se nes o nt da da aj se nes
a ou e or mb e
n us ak d eous t rail mb e t mb e t bar m m
c t m a da ly ste
li fla ag e a ly ste a ly ste a
k (g ag r ag ag
m
n e w e n l el l el l e e el
(k ro ag
e d
m up e
) )
注：①在规定的检查月份以外，亦按月填报。
Note: ①Apart from the specified months, fill out and submit the report on monthly basis.
②表中包括探伤组及其他检查发现的所有伤损钢轨。
②The form covers all damaged rails identified through detection and other inspections.
③伤损夹板包含没有达到第 3．5．10 条更换标准的其他裂纹夹板。
③Damaged joint bar includes other cracked joint bars which haven't reached the replacement criteria
described in Articles 3, 5 and 10.
填报人：
Prepared by:
单位：
Unit:
年月日
MM-DD-YY
105
工线一 7
MM-DD-YY GX-7
线路设备状态评定统计报告
Track Equipment State Evaluation Statistical Report
年度
Annually
评定质量(km) 其中单项失格(km)
不良分数(分)
Quality evaluated Including failed
Points for defect (score)
(km) single item (km)
轻伤轨重伤轨
Rail with Rail with
检重重
minor major
查伤 damage damage 伤
数焊焊
(km 混无现
线名头头
Trac )
道
伤 Se 道
木凝一一缝存 Se
Nu 优合格损枕土年线重合
k
mb 合格
失床轨 ale
慢行床现年路伤 ale
良率钢 Wo 枕新计
存新 Conti
desc 格 Ba 枕 d Ba d
er G Acc en Slow- lla od Co 生
lla Sle 轨
ripti Acce 生 en
Fa
on insp o epta
ilur
ptan
st epe Da d movi st en ncr Ne 磨 Ne nuou d T
ecte o ble
e
ce
be rs ma wit ng be sle ete wly 耗 wly sly wit ot
d d rate ged h ep sle gen Exi gen weld h al
(km d d
rail ma er epe erat sti erat ed ma
) jor r ng rail , jor
ed ed
da we rail da
in in
ma ar with ma
one one
ge major ge
year year
dama
ge
注：①“线名”栏先填写各线名(或另用一张)。填报人：
Note: ①Fill the description of tracks in the 'Track description' column first (or use another form) .
Prepared by:
②合格率指优良加合格占评定数的百分比。
②The acceptance rate refers to the percentage of Good and Acceptable in the total number evaluated.
③另附正线钢轨使用情况统计表。
③The rail usage statistical table of main line is separately enclosed.
单位：年月日
Unit: MM-DD-YY
106
工线一 8
Unit: MM-DD-YY GX-8
线路保养质量评定记录
Track Maintenance Quality Evaluation Record
线行+ ～ +
Line + ~ +
评分标准缺点情况及
扣分(分)
项目编号缺点扣分内容数量
Penalty
Items Scoring Content of defect penalty point Description point
criterion and number (score)
No. of defects
轨道几何尺轨距误差水平误差及三角坑轨向误差高低误差轨距
寸变化率
Geometrical 1～3 Gauge error, level error, twist of track and rail
dimensions direction error, longitudinal level error, variation
of rail rate of gauge
接头错牙连续瞎缝及大轨缝轨端肥边长钢轨断缝处
理情况
钢轨
4567 Rail ends unevenness in line or surface,
Rail
successive closed joints, large rail joint gap and rail
end lip, treatment status of long rail closed joint
失效情况调高垫板使用情况
轨枕
89 Failure condition, using condition of height
Sleepers
adjustment plate
铁垫板、大小胶垫、道钉、扣件缺少道钉浮离，扣板
前、后离缝扣板、弹条扣件的扣压情况接头螺栓缺少、
联结零件松动
Connecting 10111213 Baseplate, big and small rubber gaskets, spike,
parts missing of fastener, floating spike, front and rear
gaps of clip, clamping condition of spring clip
fastening, and missing and loosening of joint bolt
翻浆冒泥肩宽不足，不饱满，杂草多
道床
1617 Mud-pumping, inadequate should width,
Ballast bed
unsaturated, grown with weeds
侧沟未疏通路肩冲失未填补，大草多
路基
181920 Side ditch not dredged, eroded shoulder not repair,
Sub-grade
grown with many grasses
铺面缺损、松动，护桩缺损护轨不合标准
道口 Damage or loosening of pavement, missing or
2122
Crossing damage of protective stake, and nonconforming
guard rail
标志线路标志缺少或不良
23
Signs Missing or defection of track sign
缺点扣分合计
评定质量：
Total defect penalty
Quality evaluated:
points
评定人：(签字)年月日
Evaluated by: (signature) MM-DD-YY
107
工线一 9
GX-9
道岔保养质量评定记录
Turnout Maintenance Quality Evaluation Record
线站道岔编号
Railway station Turnout No.
评分标准缺点情况及
编号数量扣分(分)
项目缺点扣分内容
Scoring Description Penalty point
Items Content of defect penalty point
criterion and number (score)
No. of defects
轨道几何尺轨距误差水平误差轨向(支距)误差高低误差查照间隔护
寸背距离尖趾距离
Geometrical 1～3 Gauge error, level error, rail direction (offset) error,
dimensions longitudinal level error, check gauge and guard rail
of rail face gauge, switch rail distance
接头错牙尖轨或基本轨不良连续瞎缝及大轨缝轨端肥边
钢轨 Rail ends unevenness in line or surface, defective
4～8
Rail stock rail, successive closed joints, large rail joint gap
and rail end lip
岔枕
失效情况
Turnout 9
Failure condition
sleeper
尖轨与滑床板缝隙连杆、顶铁、间隔铁及护轨螺栓缺少、
松动，各种螺栓松动铁垫板、胶垫、道钉、扣件缺少道
钉浮离，轨距挡板、弹条作用情况
联结零件 Gap between switch rail and slide plate, missing and
Connecting 10～17 loosening of bolts of jacking block, spacing block and
parts guard rail, loosening of various bolts, missing of
baseplate, missing of baseplate, rubber gasket, spike
and fastener, floating spike, work condition of angled
guide plate and clip
轨道加强设
备
轨撑、轨距杆作用情况
Rail 18～20
Work condition of rail brace and gauge rod
reinforcing
device
翻浆冒泥肩宽不足、不饱满，杂草多
道床
21、22 Mud-pumping, inadequate should width, unsaturated,
Ballast bed
grown with many grasses
警冲标缺损或位置不对
23
Fouling post Missing, damage or incorrect position
标记缺少或不良
24
Marking Missing or defective
评定质量：缺点扣分合计
Quality evaluated: Total defect penalty points
评定人：(签字)年月日
Evaluated by: (signature) MM-DD-YY
108
工线一 10
GX-10
线路道岔保养质量评定统计报告
Track and Turnout Maintenance Quality Evaluation Statistical Report
线路道岔
Line Turnout
评定质量(km) 其中曲线(个) 评定质量(组)

不良分数检查 Quality evaluated 不良分数
检查 Quality evaluated Including curve
线名 Points for defect 数 Points for defect
(km) (number) (group)
Trac 数 (组)
k (km)
Nu
desc Nu 几何几何岔
道 mbe 道
riptio mbe 优失合格尺寸钢轨爬床优失合合格 r 优失合格尺寸
钢枕
爬床合
n r 合格 Geo 轨枕其他合格合格合格轨 Tur 其他
insp 良格蛊行 Bal 良格计蛊 insp 良格蛊 Geo 行 Bal 计
Acce metri Miscell Acce Acce Acce metri nou Miscell
ecte G ptabl Fai Acce Sle Cr las G Fai T Acce ecte G Fai Acce Cr las T
cal R aneou ptabl ptabl d oo ptabl cal R t aneou
d oo e lur ptanc dime ai
epe ee t s e oo e lur ot ptanc e lur ptanc
dime ai sle
ee t s ot
(km) d e e rate rs p be d e al e rate (gro d e e rate p be al
nsion l up) nsion l epe
d d
s s r
注：①“线名”栏填写各线名(或另用一张)。
Note: ①Fill the description of tracks in the 'Track description' column first (or use another form).
②合格率指优良加合格占评定数的百分比。
②The acceptance rate refers to the percentage of Good and Acceptable in the total number evaluated.
③每条线不足 10km 者，不单列线名，按“其他线”统计在一起。
③Where a track is less than 10 km long, its description shall not be listed separately, and it shall be
compiled with 'Other tracks'.
填报人：
Prepared by:
单位：
Unit:
年月日
MM-DD-YY
109
工线一 11
MM-DD-YY GX-11
线路大、中修验收证
Track Overhaul and Medium Repair Acceptance Certificate
正线： + ～ +
Main line: + ~ +
站名：
Station name:
股道：延长米
Trace: linear meter
检查内容
顺序 Inspection contents
Sequence 项目状况
Items Condition
轨距
l
Track gauge
水平
2
Level
轨向
3
Rail direction
高低
4 Longitudinal
level
三角坑
5
Twist of track
捣固
6
Tamping
路基及排水
7 Subgrade and
drainage
道床
8
Ballast bed
轨枕
9
Sleepers
轨枕扣件
10 Sleeper
fastener
钢轨及配件
11
Rail and parts
防爬设备
12 Anti-creep
equipment
道口
13
Crossing
14 线路外观
Appearance of
110
track
旧料回收
15 Recovery of old
materials
开工日期完工日期
Commencement date Completion date
质量评定验收员(签章)
Quality evaluated and accepted by: (signature and seal)
移交单位(签章)
Handover by: (signature and seal)
接收单位(签章)
Takeover by: (signature and seal)
年月日
MM-DD-YY
111
工线一 12
MM-DD-YY GX-12
道岔大修验收证
Turnout Overhaul Acceptance Certificate
车站：
Station:
道岔编号：
Turnout No.:
检查内容
顺序 Inspection contents
Sequence 项目状况
Items Condition
轨距
1
Track gauge
水平
2
Level
直线
Straight
track
轨向导曲线
3 Rail Divert
direction curve
连接曲线
Connected
curve
高低
4
Longitudinal level
道床
5
Ballast bed
岔枕
6
Turnout sleeper
基本轨、导轨
7 Stock rail and lead
rail
尖轨
8
Switch rail
轨缝
9
Rail joint gap
辙叉联结零件
10 Frog connecting
parts
辙叉与护轮轨
11
Frog and guard rail
其他联结零件
12 Other connecting
parts
112
外观
13
Appearance
开工日期完工日期
Commencement date Completion date
质量评定验收员(签章)
Quality evaluated and accepted by: (signature and seal)
年月日
MM-DD-YY
113
工线一 13
MM-DD-YY GX-13
线路大、中修主要材料使用数量表
Table of Main Material Usages for Track Overhaul and Medium Repair
正线： + ～ +
Main line: + ~ +
站名：
Station name:
股道：延长米
Trace: linear meter
顺号材料名称规格单位数量附注
S/N Description Specification Unit Qty. Remarks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1l
12
验收员(签章)
Accepted by: (signature and seal)
114
工线一 14
GX-14
线路大修钢轨配轨表
Table of Track Overhaul Rail Configuration
正线： + ～ +
Main line: + ~ +
站名：
Station name:
股道：延长米
Trace: linear meter
左股右股
Left track Right track
编号钢长公差钢生产厂出厂年溶备注编号钢长公差钢生产厂出厂年溶备注
Refe 轨度 (mm) 号 Manuf 月炼 Re Refe 轨度 (nm) 号 Manuf 月炼 Re
renc 类 (m) Toler St acture Manuf 炉 mar renc 类 (m) Toler St acture Manuf 炉 mar
e 型 Le ance eel r acturin 号 ks e 型 Le ance eel r acturin 号 ks
num ngt (mm) gr g time H num ngt (mm) gr g time H
ber R h ad e ber R h ad e
ai (m) e at ai (m) e at
l N l N
ty o. ty o.
p p
e e
施工单位：
Construction unit:
年月
MM-YY
115
附录七本规则用词说明
Appendix VII Explanations on Wording in the Specifications
执行本规则条文时，对于要求严格程度的用词说明如下，以便在执行中区别对待。
Words used for different degrees of strictness are explained as follows in order to mark the differences in
executing the requirements in the Specifications.
(1)表示很严格，非这样做不可的用词：
(1) Words denoting a very strict or mandatory requirement:
正面词采用“必须”；
“Must” is used for affirmation;
反面词采用“严禁”。
“must not” for negation.
(2)表示严格，在正常情况下均这样做的用词：
(2) Words denoting a strict requirement under normal conditions:
正面词采用“应”；
“Shall” is used for affirmation;
反面词采用“不应”或“不得”。
“shall not” for negation.
(3)表示允许稍有选择，在条件许可时首先应这样做的用词：
(3) Words denoting a permission of a slight choice or an indication of the most suitable choice when
conditions permit:
正面词采用“宜”；
“Should” is used for affirmation;
反面词采用“不宜”。
“should not” for negation.
表示有选择，在一定条件可以这样做的，采用“可”。
“May” is used to express the option available, sometimes with the conditional permit.
116

Regulations On Railway Line Repair

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Regulations On Railway Line Repair

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Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway

Regulations on Railway Line Repair

Repair & Maintenance Department

第 1.0.7 条本规则适用于 1435mm 标准轨距和线路允许速度为 120km／h 及以下的线路。

Chapter II Contents and Organization of track equipment Maintenance Work

Section I Work classification

Article 2.1.1 Classification of track equipment overhaul:

II. Replacement with reusable rails (repaired rails) in entire section

III. Replacement of switch and turnout sleeper in group

IV. Replacement of concrete sleepers in entire section

VI. Fence overhaul

VIII. Medium repair of line

Article 2.1.3 Classification of track equipment repair:

II. Regular maintenance

III. Temporary repair

Section II Work contents

II. Calibration and improvement of profile and plane of line.

VI. Installation of rail reinforcing device.

VIII. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment.

II. Replacement of failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers;

IV. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment;

V. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.

Article 2.2.3 The main work of medium repair of line includes:

II. Calibration and improvement of profile and plane of line.

III. Replacement of failed sleepers and seriously damaged concrete sleepers.

V. Uniform adjustment of rail gap, and bolt lubrication.

VII. Repair of crossing and its drainage equipment.

I. Laying of new switch and turnout sleepers.

II. Replacement of ballast.

IV. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.

III. Line repair.

IV. Repair of shoulder, crossing and its drainage equipment.

V. Recovery of old materials, site cleaning, and provision of stock materials.

Article 2.2.6 The main work of crossing overhaul includes:

I. Repair of level stretch of grade crossing.

II. Replacement of grade crossing pavement and guard rail.

III. Improvement of protective equipment.

V. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.

Article 2.2.7 The main work of separation fence overhaul includes:

I. Replacement of separation fence net.

II. Replacement or repair of posts of separation fence.

III. Recovery of old materials, and site cleaning.

IV. Replacement, alignment and repair of sleep.

VII. Scheduled preventive or maintenance grinding of rail and switch.

XI. Prevention and treatment of other damages.

注：有垫层时碎石道床厚度不得小于 300mm，垫层厚度不得小于 200mm。

Crack on rail Existing 锈)、轨腰水平裂纹、轨头纵向裂纹、

总磨耗(mm) 垂直磨耗(mm) 侧面磨耗(mm)

第 3.5.2 条扣件应保持齐全，位置正确，作用良好。扣板、轨距挡板应靠贴轨底边。扣件扭矩 80-120N·m，

一、铺设混凝土枕时，在行驶电力机车区段半径为 600m 及以下的曲线、其他区段半径为 350m 及以下的

注：曲线正矢用 20m 弦在钢轨踏面下 16mm 处测量。

辙叉心 mm) 辙叉翼(mm)

3.纵向水平裂纹长度超过表 3.9.11—2 所列限度者。

项目 辙叉心(mm) 辙叉翼(mm) 轮缘槽(mm)

注：当钢轨累计疲劳重伤平均达到 2～4 根／km 时，应安排线路大修。

Operation Regular Temporary Operation Regular Temporary

Longitudinal level (mm)

Items υmax≤120km／h for main line

第 6.4.2 条成组更换新道岔应按设计文件及表 6.4.2 进行验收。主要项目(轨向、高低、道床清筛和捣固质

Existing rails subject to wear on 100m Calculate as one

than 6 mm. within the

和第 3.9.7 条病害之一 测 Group

不符合规定或弹条扣件中部 Inspect 50 ones For

项目辙叉心(mm) 辙叉翼(mm) 轮缘槽(mm)

和第 3.9.7 条病害之一测 Group