L o v e is lik e w a r: e a s y t o b e g in b u t v e r y h a rd t o s t o p .

HL Mencken, USjournalist

5B Love at Exit 19

1 GRAMMAR usually and used to 2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress;

a C o r r e c t a n y m is t a k e s i n th e h ig h lig h t e d p h r a s e s .
the letter s
C h e c k ( / ) t h e c o r r e c t s e n te n c e s . a Tt333l L is t e n a n d re p e a t. C o p y th e r h y t h m .
1 W h e r e d id y o u u se d to liv e b e fo re y o u m o v e d h e re ?
1 W h e r e d id y o u u s e to l i v e ?
did you use to live?____________________________________
2 D id y o u u s e to w e a r g l a s s e s ?
2 J e rry u se d to h a ve a h e a rd , b u t he sh ave d it o f f la st w ee k.
3 T h e y u s e d to h a v e a lo t o f m o n e y .
✓ ___________________________
3 I u s u a lly g o to th e g y m w h e n I le a v e w o r k . 4 H e u s e d to g o to m y s c h o o l .
OK 5 W e u s e d to w o r k t o g e t h e r .
4 M y w ife d o e s n ’t u se to w e a r m akeup . S h e d o e sn ’t lik e it. 6 Y o u u s e d to h a v e l o n g h a i r .
doesn’t usually wear
7 W e d i d n ’t u s e to g e t a l o n g .
5 D id y o u u se to h a ve lo n g h a ir ?
8 I d i d n ’t u s e to l i k e it.
OK

6 I use to w a lk to w o r k . M y o f f ic e is o n ly te n m in u te s b (tq u r d e ) th e w o r d w it h a d if f e r e n t s o u n d .
f r o m m y h o u se .
1 2 4
usually walk

7 C a r o l d id n 't u se d t o t a lk to m e, b u t n o w sh e a lw a y s
3J m
sa ys h e llo . snake zebra shower television
didn’t use to talk
see eyes tissue usually
8 D o y o u u se to g et u p la te o n S u n d a y s ? (friends) easy please pleasure
Do you usually get up m ost especially sure decision
9 D id y o u u se d to w a tc h c a r t o o n s w h e n y o u w e re lit t le ? social nowadays sugar music
Did you use to watch

10 W e d o n 't u s u a lly sta y in e x p e n s iv e h o te ls , b u t th is

c L is t e n a n d c h e c k . T h e n l is t e n a g a in a n d
r e p e a t th e w o r d s .
w e e k e n d is s p e c ia l.
OK

b C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h usually o r th e c o r r e c t
3 VOCABULARY relationships
fo rm o f used to, a n d th e v e r b s i n p a r e n th e s e s . a C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h th e p e o p le i n th e b o x .
1 She used to wear g la sse s, b u t n o w sh e h a s
classm ates close friend colleague couple
c o n ta c t le n se s, (w ear) ex fiance roommate w ife
didn’t use to like
2 H e ________________________ a n im a ls , b u t n o w h e h a s
a dog . (n o t lik e ) 1 W e ’re m a r rie d . S h e 's m y wife__________ .
usually call
3 I ________________________ m y p a re n ts o n S u n d a y . 2 I s h a re a n a p a r tm e n t
w it h her. roommate
S h e ’s m y _________________.
I t’s g o o d to t a lk to th e m , (ca ll)
used to take 3 I w o r k w it h h im . colleague
H e ’s m y _________________ .
4 I ________________________ F r e n c h c la sse s, b u t I s to p p e d
b e c a u se I d o n 't h a v e t im e n o w . (take) 4 W e u se d to g o to s c h o o l
used to eat out
5 W e n e v e r ________________________ , b u t n o w w e g o to to g e th e r. classmates
W e w e r e _________________ .
re s ta u r a n ts t w ic e a w e e k , (eat o ut) 5 I 'm g o in g to m a r r y h im . fiancé
H e 's m y _________________ .
don’t usually work
6 I ________________________ la te , b u t to d a y I h a ve a lo t 6 I u se d to g o o u t w it h her. ex
S h e ’s m y _________________.
to d o . (n o t w o rk ) 7 W e 'v e k n o w n e a ch o th e r
used to be
7 M y s is t e r ________________________ v e r y shy, b u t n o w f o r a lo n g tim e . I t e ll h e r
sh e ’s c o n fid e n t, (be) e v e r y th in g . close friend
S h e ’s a ___________________.
usually give
8 T h e y ________________________ m e a p re s e n t o n m y 8 W e ’ve b e e n g o in g o u t
b irth d a y , b u t t h is y e a r th e y fo rg o t! (give) to g e th e r f o r th re e y e a rs. couple
W e 're a __________________ .
 b C o m p le t e th e t e x t w it h t h e s im p le p a s t o f th e 4 READING
v e r b s i n th e b o x .
a R e a d t h e a r t ic le o n c e . H o w m a n y f r ie n d s d o e s th e a v e ra g e
be to g e th e r become frie n ds break up A m e r ic a n h a v e ?
g e t along g e t to know g e t in tou ch g e t married
2.03
go o u t to g e th e r have (sth) in common
lose tou ch meet- propose

Anna 1 met L u k e w h e n s h e s ta r te d w o rk .
got to know
T h e y 2____________ e a c h o t h e r q u ic k ly b e c a u s e
t h e y sat n e x t to e a c h o t h e r i n th e o ffic e . T h e y Your
became friends a n d t h e y d is c o v e r e d th a t
s o o n 3____________
had
t h e y 4____________ in common
a l o t _____________ because
friends in
went out together
t h e y w e r e b o th s p o r t s fa n s . T h e y 5____________ numbers
a fe w t im e s a f t e r w o r k a n d t h e y f e ll i n lo v e .
were together fo r a y e a r, b u t t h e y a rg u e d
T h e y 6____________
broke up
a lo t, a n d i n th e e n d t h e y 7____________ . A fte r ow m a n y f r ie n d s does th e a v e ra g e p e r s o n have?
that, A n n a got a n e w jo b in a d iffe r e n t to w n a n d
lost touch
so t h e y 8____________
got in touch
9____________
. T e n y e a r s la te r, th e y
a g a in o n F a c e b o o k . T h e y w e re
H A re s e a rc h e r a t C o r n e ll U n iv e r s it y re c e n tly d id a s tu d y
to le a r n th e n u m b e r o f fr ie n d s a t y p ic a l A m e r ic a n h a s.
H e in te r v ie w e d m o re t h a n 2 , 0 0 0 a d u lt s ag e d 18 a n d o v e r in
h is stu d y . H e a s k e d th e m to lis t th e n a m e s o f th e p e o p le th e y
b o t h s t i l l s in g le a n d M a r k h a d c h a n g e d jo b s,
h a d d is c u s s e d s e r io u s m a tte rs w it h in th e la s t s ix m o n th s .
too. T h e y d e c id e d to t r y a g a in , a n d t h is t im e A b o u t 4 8 % o f th e p e o p le t a k in g p a r t g a ve th e re s e a rc h e r o n e
got along
th e y 10___________ b e tt e r t h a n b e fo re , m a y b e n a m e , 1 8 % g a ve h im tw o , a n d a b o u t 29% g a ve h im m o re
b e c a u s e th e y w e r e n 't w o r k in g to g e th e r. A f t e r t h a n tw o .

proposed
s ix m o n th s , L u k e 11____________ and A n n a T h e s e re su lts c o n t r a s t d r a m a t ic a lly w it h the n e w s p u b lis h e d by
got married
a c c e p te d . T h e y 12____________ la s t s p r in g . th e s o c ia l n e tw o r k in g site F a c e b o o k recen tly. T h e y sa id th a t the
average u ser o n th e site ha s 1 3 0 frie n d s . T h e C o r n e ll U n iv e r s ity
A lo t o f t h e ir o ld c o lle a g u e s fro m w o r k c a m e
s tu d y fo u n d the average n u m b e r o f frie n d s to be a lo t lo w e r -
to th e w e d d in g !
2 .0 3 to be e x a ct. T h e re se a rch e r f r o m C o r n e ll h a s e x p la in e d th a t
th e d iffe re n c e lie s in th e d e fin itio n o f th e w o r d friend. A frie n d
o n F a c e b o o k m a y be a p e rs o n w h o th e u ser has m e t b y c h a n c e
o r so m e o n e th a t th e y w i l l ne ve r m e e t in re a l life . H o w e v e r,
th e frie n d s in th e re se a rch e r’s s tu d y a re c lo s e frie n d s , w h o
p a r tic ip a n ts feel c o m fo r ta b le d is c u s s in g th e ir p ro b le m s w ith .

In a s im ila r s tu d y c o n d u c te d 2 5 y e a rs a g o , p a r tic ip a n ts h a d
a h ig h e r n u m b e r o f c lo s e frie n d s . T h e n , th e av e ra g e n u m b e r
w a s th re e . D e s p ite th e lo w e r n u m b e r, th e re se a rc h e r d o e s
n o t b e lie v e th a t p e o p le a re g e tt in g m o re is o la t e d . In ste a d he
t h in k s it ’s a s ig n th a t th e y a re b e c o m in g b e tte r a t c h o o s in g
w h o th e y c a n t r u s t w it h t h e ir secrets.

T h is is s u p p o rte d b y th e n u m b e r o f p e o p le in th e s tu d y w h o
c o u ld n o t t h in k o f a n y n a m e s o f c lo s e frie n d s th e y w o u ld
d is c u s s t h e ir p e rs o n a l p ro b le m s w it h . T h e p e rc e n ta g e o f these
p a r tic ip a n ts is th e sa m e th is tim e as it w a s 2 5 y e a rs a g o . In
b o th s tu d ie s , ju s t o v e r 4 % o f th e p a r tic ip a n ts g a ve re se a rch e rs
n o n a m e s. A p p a r e n t ly , th e p e o p le w h o fa ll in t o th is c a te g o ry
a re m o re lik e ly to be m e n , o r p e o p le w it h less e d u c a tio n .

In g e n e ra l, th e re se a rc h e r fr o m C o r n e ll re g a rd s th ese fin d in g s
as p o s itiv e . In h is o p in io n , th e y s u g g e s t th a t, a t le a st in th e case
o f A m e r ic a n s , p e o p le a re n o t b e c o m in g less so c ia b le .

34
b R e a d th e a r t ic le a g a in a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t a n s w e r. 5 L IS T E N IN G
1 M o s t p e o p le in th e C o r n e ll U n iv e r s it y s tu d y h a d
a Y o u a re g o in g t o h e a r a r a d io p r o g r a m a b o u t
s p o k e n a b o u t s o m e th in g im p o r t a n t w it h . ..
r e s e a r c h o n lo v e a n d a t t r a c t io n . N u m b e r th e t o p ic s i n th e
(a) o n e p e rs o n ,
o r d e r y o u h e a r th e m .
b t w o p e o p le ,
a H o w to u s e y o u r eyes a t a f ir s t m e e tin g . 2
__
c m o re t h a n t w o p e o p le .
b B o d y la n g u a g e a t a f ir s t m e e tin g . 3
__
2 T h e n e w s p u b lis h e d b y F a c e b o o k is d iffe r e n t
c H o w to u se y o u r v o ic e at a f ir s t m e e tin g . J_
f r o m th e r e s u lt s in th e C o r n e ll s tu d y b e c a u s e ...
d H o w m u c h to s m ile at a f ir s t m e e tin g . 4
__
a th e p e o p le a re d iffe r e n t ages.
b th e s tu d ie s a re f r o m d if f e r e n t y e a rs, b L is t e n a g a in a n d m a r k th e s e n te n c e s T ( tru e ) o r F (fa lse ).
c th e r e la t io n s h ip s a r e n ’t th e sam e. 1 It's v e r y im p o r t a n t to sa y th e r ig h t t h in g th e f ir s t tim e
3 A c c o r d in g to a p r e v io u s stu d y, p e o p le had y o u t a lk to s o m e o n e y o u lik e . _F_
c lo s e fr ie n d s in th e past. 2 A p e rs o n 's b o d y la n g u a g e c a n m a k e th e m m o re
a m o re a ttr a c tiv e . T
__
b th e s a m e n u m b e r o f 3 L o o k in g in t o s o m e o n e ’s eyes c a n m a k e th e m fe e l
c fe w e r m o r e a ttra c te d t o y o u . T
__
4 T h e n u m b e r o f p e o p le w it h n o c lo s e frie n d s 4 T h e r e w e re t w o w e d d in g s a fte r a n e x p e r im e n t in
i s ______________ it w a s in th e past. N e w Y o rk . F
__
a h ig h e r th a n 5 S ta n d in g u p s tra ig h t is a g o o d w a y to k ee p s o m e o n e ’s
b th e sa m e as a tte n tio n . F

c lo w e r th a n 6 A p e r s o n w i l l c o p y y o u r b o d y la n g u a g e i f th e y t h in k

5 T h e re s u lts o f th e C o r n e ll s tu d y s h o w th a t y o u a re in te r e s tin g . T
__

A m e r ic a n s to d a y a r e ______________ th e y 7 It is im p o s s ib le to k n o w i f s o m e o n e is s m ilin g w h e n
u se d to be. y o u 're t a lk in g t o th e m o n th e p h o n e . F
__

a m o re s o c ia b le th a n 8 O f t e n w h e n o n e p e r s o n s m ile s , o th e r p e o p le s m ile to o . T
__

b as s o c ia b le as c L is t e n a g a in w it h th e a u d io s c r ip t o n p. 7 2 .
c le ss s o c ia b le th a n

c L o o k a t th e h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s .
W h a t d o y o u t h in k th e y m e a n ? U s e y o u r USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
d ic t io n a r y to lo o k u p t h e ir m e a n in g a n d
L e a r n th e se w o rd s and p h ra se s.
p r o n u n c ia t io n .
c a n d le /'k te n d l/
d C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h o n e o f th e c o m m u te r /k a 'm y u to r/
h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s o r p h r a s e s .
c u te / k y u t/
1 I fo u n d a n o ld p a in t in g by chance w h ile lik e ly / T a ik li/
I w a s c le a n in g th e a ttic . r a is e th e b a r r ie r / re iz ð ə 'bteriar/
trust
2 I w o u ld n ’t _________________m y s o n w it h m y a d d ic te d to (sth) /a'drktad ta/
p h o n e . H e ’d p r o b a b ly b r e a k it.
n ig h t s h if t s / 'n a it Jifts/
the
3 H o w m u c h m o n e y d o e s _________________
t u r n o u t (to be) /ta rn 'a o t/
average person
__________________________________ e a r n p e r y e a r?
e x c h a n g e a fe w w o r d s / ik s 'tje in d 3 ə fy u w a rd z /
serious
4 T h e y ta lk e d a b o u t ________________________
f in d th e c o u ra g e (to d o sth) /fa rn d ð ə 'k a n d 3/
matters
_________________f ir s t , a n d t h e n m o v e d o n to the
le s s im p o r t a n t th in g s .
contrast
5 T h e r ic h e r p a r ts o f t o w n ________________________ &Ml FILE 5
dramatically
_________________w it h th e p o o r e r o u ts k ir ts .
getting
6 S o m e te e n a g e rs a r e _________________
more isolated
__________________________________ b e ca u se th e y
s p e n d s o m u c h t im e o n t h e ir c o m p u te rs .

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