1H EBB BB eee ew ENGLISH TEST 45 Minutes—75 Questions DIRECTIONS: In the five passages that follow, certain, ‘words and phrases ate underlined and numbered. In the right-hand column, you will find alteratives for the tundertined part. In most cases, you are to choose the fone that best expresses the idea, makes the statement ‘appropriate for standard writen English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the passage ‘as a whole. If you think the original version is best, ‘choose "NO CHANGE.” In some cases, you wil find in the right-hand column a question about the underiined part. You are to choose the best answer to the question. ‘You will also find questions about a section of the pas ‘sage, or about the passage as a whole. These questions {do not refer to an underiined portion ofthe passage, but rather are identified by a number or numbers in a bor. For aach question, choose the altomative you consider ‘best and fil in the corresponding oval on your answer ‘document. Read each passage through once before you begin to answer the questions that accompany it. For ‘many ofthe questions, you must read several sentences ‘beyond the question to determine the answer. Be sure that you have read far enough ahead each time you ‘choose an alternative. PASSAGE! What Elephants Learn Cynthia Moss has hosn studying lephants, since 1972 when she started the now-famous Amboseli Elephant Research Project in Amboseli National Park in Kenya, An author, lecturer, filmmaker, and a fierce advocate for clephants—which face a daunting aray of threats to their survival, from droughts to human ‘encroachment Moss is widely considered an expert onthe svi behavior ofthese ereatares, [=] No CHAN lephants, sinco 1972, clephants since 1972, lephants since 197 NO CHANGE + ores as now famously Tamously ezem SoRe 3. A. NOCHANGE BB. cncroachment — ©. Sheroachment D! Sneroachment, 4. ALthis point, the writer is considering adding the fl lowing trac siatement: ‘Humans are among the threats to the animal's survival, ‘Should the writer make ths addition here? F. Yes, because it presents a crucial factor in deter- smuning Moss's interest in working with elephants. G, ‘Yes, because it introduces the idea that becomes the focus of the rest of the essay, No, because the essay is fecused on elephants and docs not otherwise mention human presence in J. No, because this information is already provided inte paragraph,1H BBB eee ‘key finding from her intensive, fl studios is the 5 A. NOCHANGE ——o_r I intensive eld studies ‘extent to which elephant survival depends on learned intensive field studies, Dz sntensne, field stadies behavior ‘As Moss has observed, however calf must learn 6. NOCHANGE — G. forinstance, how to use its trunk, At festa young elophan wil drink Hi scalways, J bynow by kneeling down at the water’s edge and it sipped 7. A. NO CHANGE Airc with te moth. The habit of palling Cl Steoen ” mu Di. thats int its unk. Thon relasing that wator nto its mouth 8. B NOCHANGE > trunk snd then trunk then by trunk avelops only aor months as if witnessing othoe 9. A. NO CHANGE —— Shen witnessing lephants doing so of witnessing then sites One into the mouth ofits mother and pall outa bit of whatever ‘plant moral sho is eating. tn this way, the elf loaens what kinds of vegetation are safe to et om the savanna, “where poisonous plant also grow. {i} Blephants live in family groups each one headed by a matriarch, [2] This senior female teaches adolescent females by modeling proper care of younger elephants [al One of Moss's most memorable observations in which this regard involved thc elephant NO CHANGE wen Gmina [4] Those Wwore a matriarch, Echo, and rwo offspring: ‘mes that a * J. which Enid, a ton year-old female, and Ely, also named by Moss, 11, A. NO CHANGE —— B. a baby male. [5] Echo showed Enid how to care for Ely by saving © dncephant Di the tied ‘lose t him when he was feeding and sleeping and by running to his aid when he signaled his distress. [6] Ely not only overcame is carly limitations, but he also grew up tobe confident young bull NO CHANGE he alse will have grown he also had grown also growingTeeeeeeeee [7] Ely was bom with doformed feat that prevented bi om waking [=] Moss has browght compelling stories and information sou cleans provided 10a ever-expanting sence, She hopes others will n tur become advocates forthe ‘animals she admires and understand in ways few others do “The following paragraphs may or may not be in tha most logical order. ach ‘= nu borad in brass, and quoction 20 ell ak you choose where Paragraph 2 should most logically bbe placed. Ghost Signs m Seeing remnants of outdoor advertisements from a bygone era they are called “ghost signs." search fr them ‘on ity steets in town squares and along county coats Some are weathe-beaten billboards; ethers are faded murals punted years ago on the sides of old buildings. Whatever words remain Fraterer «Apothecary Gramophone... Pan-Handle Cofee—are often barely 18 For he sake of log and cohesion, the best placement for Sentence ? would where it s nv before Sentence 1. alter Sentence 3. after Sentence 4 F ROcHaNge HE is teaching i ‘Question 15 asks about the preceding passage a8 a whole, 16. v7. Suppose the writers goal had been to write a brief stay focusing on some aspect of animal havior ‘he wild, Would this essay accomplish that goal? A. Yos, bscause the essay focuses on Moss ressarch ‘om how elephants on the savanna learn to identify their various fal) members. 1m, Yer, Because the eay focuses on clephants om the Savanna and some of the behaviors they display. ued by Moss CC. Noy boonies the essay focuses instead on how slo ‘hans have evolved in Kenya as compared to how they have evelved i eller prs of Apes D. No, because the essay foeuses-on elephants that ‘Most sadios in 300s around the word ; NOCHANGE ~The sight of remnants [To see remnants J" Reman - era that is no more, era of another time, gE c Xu s) A. NOCHANGE & ¢ Dera of imes past B NOCHANGE I remain, J. remain:1H EBB BB eee ew legible, pate fragments of yesterday's consumer eulture should strike me as silly or sad. Afterall, here they are: 808 that no longer exist advertising products and b Yet they themches survive without apology with instead, thie simple claims and complex colors. The contrast draws sein everytime BI {collet ghost signs. Not the signs themselves, ‘but photos of thems, Driving home from school one chilly ctoher evening, my calletion got ie start Thad made the same drive countless times before, but I had never atic the sign 8 “Thon thot it was, an ad for “e's Café” perched atop @ metal pole, which yas upright under ‘scape of hudew vines, Maybe it was the way the seating sun's illumination ofthe yellowing plastic. Maybe it was the small hole, a clue 9 vandalism ‘or of hailstorm, Instead, something about the sign ‘touched me. I plled over. Inthe twilight, got out ‘of the car, snapped picture with my phone, and sent it to some frends 1 vowed to retumm with my camera tavbotorcapre the forlorn, laminous beauty of my Alscovery, Since that dusky evening. have been happily haunted by ghost signs. 19. A. NOCHANGE tha should C: they should D. should they 20. NO CHANGE G._ products and businesses, H. products, and businesses BP products! businesses 21. A. NO CHANGE apology wih, instead, polos with isto, D. apology with instead NO CHANGE - Driving heme from school one chilly October evening was the heginning of my collection, H. Lstarted my collection one chilly October evening, diving home from sehool. ‘The start of my collection came to me driving home from school on chilly October evening. 23, Given that all the choices are accurate, which one echoes a central point the writer makes about ghost signs? . NO CHANGE ‘was not what interested me, might have been wood, twas disappenring NO CHANGE illuminating serting sun on sum iluminated the sct on Selling sun illuminated NO CHANGE evidence of evidently D!_ DELETE the underlined portion NO CHANGE On the other hand, something ‘Meanwhile. something Something1H EB HBB Bee ew ‘Once in a while, Take a friend wi sme on my searches. People who know of my fascination will pint me to whers they think they have scom a ghost sign. Favorite Finds include ana for sliced bread, one fora “modern” motel, and yet another for fountain pen re services. As fun as i isto have company, my best hunts hhave been solitude rips. appreciate the beauty of ghost signs more when I like the signs, am alone Ike the igs, Tike the sem Questions 29 and 30 ask about the preceding passage as a whol 28. For the sake of logic and cohesion, Paragraph 2 should ‘be placed: me ae A. where it is now. before Paragraph 1. Caer Paragraph 3 D: after Paragraph 4 PASSAGE M Blue Holes ofthe Ba uw “Tho Rahamas eros of somiteopical islands off the southeast cous ofthe United States, whic are home to some of the most unusual geological formations inthe ‘worlds underwater caves known as blue holes, [4] These 30. Suppose the. writer's primary purpose had. been 10 dexcribsstang and enjoying anew habby. Would his sna accomplish that purpose? F._ Yes, because it presents the event that led tothe ‘rrator coming intersted in Finding ghost signs EnJUking photographs of them G. Yes, becuse it devcrbes the naratr’s experience ‘learning from a eiend whete to find ghost Signs Sn how mash fon th search sll com HL No, because it uses negative ts such as lonely land forlorm to deverbe the narrator's experience of collecting shost signs, J. No, Because it instead describes two hobbies — ography and collecting ghost signs-—and dows peepee ieee pleasure. 31 A. NO CHANGE, B States, ae C. States are D. States,1TH EBB BEE vertical eaves were formed over thousands of year, and their cold depths provide abundant clues to the islands? past. 2 [LB] During the formation process, tiny grains of calcium carbonate separated from the seawater. These eine built up, them compacted, forming the Kimeston that makes up the islands. (3} Over tim. rainwater permeated the porous istons ut was trapped just above sea level, oyed hy the denser seawater Below. Jostled back and forth by tides, the layer of slightly ‘vidio, brackish water eroded limestone faster than ther rainwater—or seawater—could alone. As the limestone eroded caves formed, 8 Overtime periods in which the weather changed rastically, sea levels ose and fell by hundreds of ft. This allowed the cave-cre 1 process 10 be a process that repeated at different depths hundreds of feet apart. The roofs of many eaves collapsed, leaving the chambers beneath exposed, 32. Given that all the following statements are true, which ‘one, if added here, would most effectively introduce the topic of this paragraph? sore te zo M cH i B eEem soee 36 The Bahamas were formed fom caium carbon. ‘Calcium carbonate, 2 common rock substance, is also found in seawater, Much of the land making up the Bahamas is stil ‘Most types of limestone contain calcium carbonate. NO.CHANGE are building wil build build Tong bnoyed cane of Sng os it being buoyed by, acpi es NO CHANGE NO CHANGE, imastons, eroded caves limestone croded, caves limestone eroded caves, 37. Which choice most specifically illustrates how long, the cave-creating process took? A a ie D: Eon NO CHANGE [Between ice ages and the more temperate eras that {olloced them, ‘During this extended time, Astime passed, NO CHANGE repeat again and again at various different depths. repeat at different depths tht varied. ‘epeat at different depths.1H HBB BB eBeee ‘Some of those le holes open to small contained caves 9. A. NOCHANGE, > 1B. caves that, C. eaves: D: eaves, ‘thers open to mileslong interconnected tunnets [=] 40, ths oi th ter condi ain th fl lowing te sentence ‘AN 663 foot deep, Dean's Blue Hole in, ‘Mand, Bahamas, om pons caved destination Should the writer make this addiion here? ees, because it supports the preceding sentence by roving an example of «Boe Hoke hat 50) D G. Yes: because it allows the reader to visualize a specific blue hole inthe Bahamas, HL No, because it offers a detail that is unrelated to a) the paragraph’s focus om the cave-creating process. J. No, because it Joes not provide an adequate ‘The telltale sign of a blus hole isa circular patch daserition of Dean's Blue Hole of water striking darker than the water surrounding AL A. NOCHANGE: * BO suikingly darker CL strikingly darkly D. striking darkly them. (The darker water indicates greater depth.) NO CHANGE = these. [€] Divers have found the remains of turtles and i one. alligators. Now extinct on the islands, stala NO CHANGE alligators now. Extinct on ligators now ext Migatr wow cnanet On ey [b] Hundreds of luc oles cane sighted off the «44, Which choice mos effectively suggests the shape of . Tees dacaed ker uae Bahumes, So fr, mou remain unexplored by diver, owing "NO CHANGE 6 ooo input i the danger of evo vig. Ofte the oly coo dot the waters of the mysteries below is the tantalizing sight of dark blue ds SES water leading deep into the sea. Question 45 asks about the preceding passage asanicte IS, The writer wants to add the following sentence to the esa In these depths, fossils and ancient ck for- rations are incredibly wall preserved This sentence would most logically be placed at: A. Point A in Paragraph 1. 1, Point B in Paragraph 2. C. Point Cin Paragraph 4. Point D in Parazraph 51H EBB BBB eee PASSAGENY ‘The Walls of Rome m Rome, founded on the banks ofthe Tiber River, boast two ancient walls that, when they were built, soroundd the ety [A] Although both wor bit a walls intended to defend the ity protectively and stood ton motes tal thay were erected under diferent historical circumstances. eB thought that the Servian Wall was constructed inthe early fourth century BCE and named after ‘Servius Tullius, who was the sixth king of Rome, The Ifthe writer were to delete the preceding sentence, the paragraph would primarily lese: A. a description of the tactics Forten used to survive JImpriscnment and become a sucoesstul husiness- ‘man and aboitionst 1B. transition from a discussion ofthe ramifications of Ferten's decision o 4 discussion of his success Do amanalyss of how Foren transitioned from a pris. ‘ner to's businessman and abolitionist NO CHANGE had arose Thad rose raised A. NO CHANGE BL workers, whom were C. Sorkers D. workers ‘he wile is considering deleting the prceingse0- ‘tice Should he sence be kept or dela? Kept, because i extablihes a cmelation between FoR nes co a he sry eres of Forest babes. G. Kept Beene it provides evidence to support the llth oven employed thy ciat workers HH, Deltds becuse the paapap Cason tesa etferen’s fad high expectations forbs business. A. NOCHANGE RD foremact leading ssilmaker in Philadelpb C. premier:Tempe savvy businessman, Fors supported abolitionist casses: When the War of 1812 closed the pont of Philadelphia, omen used his profits in real estate and lending to suppor his sailmaking enterprise. When the need for icker vessels changed sil design, he adapted ‘One thing Frten refused to do, however was fit slave ship with sails 161 In fact, hstvians estimate that the sllmaker investod over greater than hal is forte in work tw abolish slavery. [6] One ofthe wealthiest men in Philadelphia, Forten elped finance the Liberator a owetfal abolitionist newspaper: [O} The Revolutionary ‘War veteran. who serv inthis war, believed thatthe United States owed all residents the right to freedom, 70. 7. na 2. Given that all the following choices are accurate, Which one most effectively provides a transition inte the nest sentence of the os80)" F, NO CHANGE. (G. had Yought for his country in the Revolutionary Wir HL donated to such places as schools and hospital. J. maintained his business during dificult times, A. NO CHANGE F, NOCHANGE G._ over mare than lf of his own H. more than over half of his J overhalf of his No CHANG! ‘etoran, cultivating the sails of freedom, ‘eteran, nurturing the road to reform, POR (Questions 74 and 75 ask about the preceding passage as a whole, 14. The writer is considering adding the following true statement tothe essay ‘Writing under a pen name, Foren himself sub. mited numerous articles and Teter, calling for the end of slavery. I the writer wore to add this sentence to the essay, it Wotid mot opeally be paced a Poin in Paragraph ag peat Ponies Font in Pungo 5. Suppose the writer's primary purpose had been to disses im dtl the daly operations of sceesfl inne inthe nest formed ited Sates Would hi Shay sscompish the porposs? A Yes, borause it describes how Foren became a mech basanites rw Bs Ec se lero cele i Yorvsenase describ the historical signif Gang Foren’ tains nd how te basins c. Nov became it foeases more on Frten as a ptrit, Sovinessman. and aboltonit tam om the daly workings of is busncs Di Re Eebenes teem realy om comiaiin Forte's work as an abottonat wi he WO tS titeaiee END OF TEST 1 ‘STOP! DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL TOLD TO DO SO.