Norman-Download-Bouth- Korean Standards Assocation Kai: 2285190- Mr 5978464 001-2012-11-14 09:50 May 2014 DIN EN 15011 ICs 53,020.20 Cranes — Bridge and gantry cranes English translation of DIN EN 15011:2011-05 Krane — Briicken- und Portalkrane Englische Ubersetzung von DIN EN 15011:2011-05 Appareils de levage a charge suspendue ~ Ponts roulants et portiques Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 15011:2011-05 Document comprises 95 pages ‘Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst. In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authortative. TLE eon, emmmmzen — AMUI ll oun 1770076 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Start of application ‘The start of application of this standard is 1 May 2011. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENITC 147 “Cranes — Safety’, (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom), The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Steering Group CENITC 147 ~ ISO/TC 96 ~ Krane. It should be noted that the term “crane” as in this standard includes all machines for cyclic lifting, or cyclic lifting and handling, of loads suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments. This means that this standard applies to all other equipment, such as winches, which meets this definition This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the "Machinery Directive", Directive 2006/42/EC, and which apply to machines that are elther first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directive Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive ("presumption of conformity’), The European Standards referred to in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography of this document have been published as the corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. The International Standards and publications referred to in this document have been published as the corresponding DIN ISO Standards with the same number, except for those below, which correspond as follows: ISO 6336-1:2006 DIN 3990-1:1987-12 (similar) 1SO 7752-5 DIN 18025:1978-01 (similar) National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 3990-1:1987-12, Calculation of load capacity of cylindrical gears — Introduction and general influence factors DIN 1025:1978-01, Cranes — Direction of actuation and arrangement of controls in crane cabins Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 15011 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM January 2011 les 53,020.20 English Version Cranes — Bridge and gantry cranes ‘Apparois do tovage & charge suspendue — sane — Ponts roulants et poriques Brucken- und Portalkrane ‘This European Standard was epproved by CEN on 18 December 2010 CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Intetnal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status ofa national standard without any alteration, Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or ta ary CEN member This European Standard exists in thee official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibilty of a CEN member info its own language and noted to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same Stalus as the official versions, CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Beloum, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, eland, aly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg. Mata, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romaria, Sloveki, Siovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swizeland and United Kingdom aa! EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, 8-1000 Brussels ©2011 GEN All ngnts of exploitation in any form and by eny means reserved Ref. No. EN 15014:2011: E ‘worldwide for CEN national Members Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNorman-Download-Bouth- Korean Standards Assocation Kai: 2285190- Mr 5978464 001-2012-11-14 09:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) Contents Foreword. Introduction SCOPE weenie 2 Normative references... 3 Terms and definitions wns 4 5 List of significant hazards Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General.. 5.2 Requirements for strength and stability 5.3. Electrotechnical equipment. 54 Non-electrotechnical equipment... 5.5 Limiting and indicating devices... 5.6 Man-machine interface. 61 General.nnnnns 62 Types of verification. 63 Fitness for purpose testing 7 Information for us TA Goneral.vnnnn 7.2 Operator's manual 7.3 User’s manual. 7.4 — Marking of rated capacities .. Annex A (informative) Guidance for specifying the operating duty according to EN 13001~ Annex B (informative) Guidance for specifying the classes P of average number of accelerations according to EN 13001-1 wrens Annex C (informative) Calculation of dynamic coefficient or(t). Annex D (normative) Loads caused by skewing Annex E (informative) Calculation of stall load factor for indirect acting lifting force limiter. Annex F (informative) Local stresses in wheel supporting flanges. Annex G (normative) Noise test cod Annex H (informative) Actions on crane supporting structures induced by cranes Annex I (informative) Select n of a suitable set of crane standards for a given app! Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC. Bibliography... ion. 292 soins 9B 2 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 15011:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety’ the secretariat of which is held by BSI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2011 Attention is drawn to the possibilty that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy. Latvia Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, ‘Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for bridge and gantry cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned in Annex ZA As many of the hazards related to bridge and gantry cranes relate to their operating environment and use, itis assumed in the preparation of this European Standard that all the relevant information relating to the use and operating environment of the crane has been exchanged between the manufacturer and user (as recommended in ISO 9374, Parts 1 and 5), covering such issues as, for example: — clearances: — requirements concerning protection against hazardous environments; — processed materials, such as potentially flammable or explosive material (e.9. coal, powder type materials). This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. ‘The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered, are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 4 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) 4 Scope ‘This European Standard applies to bridge and gantry cranes mounted in a fixed position or free to travel by wheels on rails, runways or roadway surfaces. This European Standard is not applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments, erection and dismanting operations, runways and supporting structures nor does it cover additional loads due to the mounting of eranes on a floating or titing base. ‘This European Standard specifies requirements for all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to bridge and gantry cranes when used as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). ‘This European Standard does not include requirements for the lifting of persons. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard is applicable to bridge and gantry cranes manufactured after the date of its publication as an EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 81-43, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods — Part 43: Lifts for cranes EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 788, Protection against falls from a height — Anchor devices — Requirements and testing EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1993-6:2007, Eurocode 3 — Design of steel structures — Part 6: Crane supporting structures EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety — Requirements for heaith and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12385-4, Stee/ wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load effects PrEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General Design — Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of stee! structures 5 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes In reeving systems EN 13135-1, Cranes — Equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fived load lifting attachments EN 13157, Cranes — Safety — Hand powered cranes EN 13867:2004, Cranes — Controls and contro! stations EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, Cranes — Access EN 14492-2, Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists — Part 2: Power driven hoists EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V dc. and not exceeding 36 kV (IEC 60204-11:2000) EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) HD 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety — Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, mod.) EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements (IEC 60825-1:2007) EN 60947-5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-5: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electrical emergency stop device with mechanical latching function (IEC 60947-5-5:1997) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 374.2010) EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections (ISO 11202:200) EN ISO 11203:2008, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound power level (ISO 11203:1995) EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO 11204:2010) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Sefety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) 6 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 13€49-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration — Part 1: General requirements ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs, ISO 6236-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 7752-5, Lifting appliances — Controls — Layout and characteristics — Part 5: Overhead travelling cranes and portal bridge cranes ISO 12488-1, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 1: General 3. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003, EN ISO 3744:2010, EN ISO 11202:2010, EN ISO 11203:2009, EN ISO 11204:2010 and the following apply. 34 bridge crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s) having at least one primarily horizontal girder and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as bridge cranes, 32 gantry crane crane, fixed or able to move along track(s)/roadway surfaces having at least one primarily horizontal girder supported by at least one leg and equipped with at least one hoisting mechanism NOTE Building structures, where hoists are mounted, are not regarded as gantry cranes. 33 rated capacity Mac maximum net load (the sum of the payload and non-fixed load-lifting attachment) that the crane is designed to lift for a given crane configuration and load location during normal operation 34 hoist load my sum of the masses of the load equal to the rated capacity, the fixed lifting attachment and the hoist medium 35 hoist medium part of the hoisting mechanism, either rope, belt or chain, by which the fixed load lifting attachment is suspended 7 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 36 underhung crane bridge crane suspended from the lower flange of the crane track 37 direct acting rated capacity limiter limiter acting directly in the chain of drive elements and limiting the transmitted force NOTE Those limiters can be, for example, friction torque limiters, pressure limiting valves. Directing acting rated capacity imiters generally have no response delay. 3.8 indirect acting capacity limiter limiter determining the transmitted force by measured signals and switching off the energy supply for the operation and, if required, triggering application of the brake torque 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 of this clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 8 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requi DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 1501 ments No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) Relevant clause(s) this European Standard 7 Mechanical hazards “1 __ | Generated by machine parts or work pieces, eg) b 712 _| relative location B62 71.3 _| mass and stabiity 52. 7.1.4 | mass and velocity 52,506,544, 564 715 _| inadequacy of mechanical strength 52. 7.2 | Accumulation of energy inside the machinery, eg.b) 7a [Hulds under presse sa 7.3 | Elementary forms of mechanical hazards 1.3.4 _| Crushing 54, 56.2, 72 7.3.2 _| Shearing 56.24 73.3 | Cutting or severing 7.3.5 | Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5625, 5626 = moving transmission parts 736 _| impact BSS 172 7.3.9 _| High pressure fluid injection or ejection hazard | 7.3.3 2 Electrical hazards due to 53 2.1 | Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) | 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 22 | Contact of persons with parts which have 54 become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) 2.3 | Approach fo live parts under high voltage 53, 2.4 | Electrostatic phenomena 531 25 | Thermal radiation or other phenomena such as_| 6.1 the projection of molten particles and chemical effects from short-circuits, overloads, ete, 014 (E) 9 Licensed to HHI Co. 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Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) Table 4 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. | Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) | Relevant clause(s) in this European ‘Standard 3 ‘Thermal hazards, resulting in 31 | bums and sealds, by possible 548,733 contact of persons with objects or ‘materials with an extreme temperature, by flames, by radiation, ete. 3.2 __| Hot or cold working environment 564 4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in’ 41___| Hearing losses 564 42__| Interference with speech communication, | 5.6.4, 7.3.1 signals 5 Hazards generated by vibration 52 __| Whole body vibration, particularly when | 52.26,56.1 combined with poor postures 6 Radiation 6.0 | Extemal radiation See introduction 65 | Lasers 548.2 T Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels 7.1 | Hazards from contact with harmful fuids, | 54.84 gases, mists, fumes and dusts See Introduction T.2__| Fire ot explosion hazard 548.3 See Introduction S Neglected ergonomic principles in machine design, e.g. hazards from: ‘B1 | Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts | 5.6.7 2 | Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or | 56.1 foot-leg anatomy B3___| Neglected use of personal protection 733 equipment 84 | Inadequate local lighting 563 8.6 | Human errors, human behaviour 552 87 | Inadequate design, location or 535,561 identification of manual controls BB | Inadequate design or location of visual__| 5.7 display units 10 Licensed to HHI Co. 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Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 1501 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. | Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) | Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 70 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overruniover speed (or any similar malfunction) from: 104 Failureidisorder of control systems | 5.3.4 703 External influences on electrical 5353, 542 equipment 104 Other external influences (gravity, | 5.3.5.3, 5.36, wind, ete.) 5.4.2, 5.5.2.2, 5.5.4 b) andc) 705 Errors in the software 5.3.4, 5.353, 542 706 Errors made by the operator (dueto | 5.35.3, 5.42 mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see No. 8.6) 1 Impossibility of stopping the machine | 5.44.1, 5.45.1, in the best possible conditions 5.5.2.2 3 Failure of the power supply 53,542 a Failure of the control circuit 53,56. 542 16 Break-up during operation 52,5436.1,735 16.1 Thermal effect on the crane 53 7 Falling or ejected object or fluid 541,733 18 Loss of stability / overturning of 523 machinery 8 Slip, trip and falling of persons 562 (‘elated to machinery) 20 Relating to the travelling function 202 Movement without an operator atthe | 5.3.5.3, 536,561 driving position 204 Excessive speed of pedestrian 561 controlled machinery 205 Excessive oscillations when moving | 5443, 654e), 72 206 Insufficient ability of machinery tobe | 5.4.3.6.1,5.4.4, slowed down, stopped and 55.2.2, 7.2 immobilized 207 From derailment due to travelling 5445 014 (E) " Licensed to HHI Co. 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Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) Table 4 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. | Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) | Relevant clauses) in this European Standard 24 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine 214 Fall of persons during access to(or | 56.2 atifrom) the work position 212 Exhaust gases / lack of oxygen atthe | 54.6.4. ‘work position 243 Fire (flammability of the cab, lackof | 54.6.3, 56.7 ‘extinguishing means) 214 Mechanical hazards at the work position = contact with the wheels 56.25, ~ fall of objects, penetration by object | 5.6.1 = contact of persons with machine parts or tools (pedestrian control) 215 Insufficient visibility from the working | 56.7 position 26 Inadequate lighting 563 207 Inadequate seating 564 218 Noise at the driving position 564 28 Vibration at the driving position 56.4 24.10 | Insufficient means of 562,5483 evacuation/emergency exit 2 Due to the control system BGA 22.4 Inadequate location of controls /eontrol | 5.6.7 devices, 222 Inadequate design of the actuation 56.4 mode andior action mode of controls 2 From handiing the machine (lack of | 54.4.3 stability) 25 Fromito third persons 25.4 Unauthorized startupluse 252 Drift ofa part away from its stopping | 54.5.2 position 253 Lack or inadequacy of visual or BT acoustic warning means 26 Tnsufficient instructions for the driver operator 26.4 Movement into prohibited area S531, 72 262 Tipping - Swinging 72 263 Collision: machines-machine 553.1,5533, 5.5.4 e), 7.2 264 Collision: machines-persons 5.5.3.1, 55.46), 72 265 Ground conditions 7.34 266 “Supporting conditions 734 12 Licensed to HHI Co. 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Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 1501 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements (continued) No. Hazard (as listed in EN 1050:1996) | Relevant clause(s) in this European Standard 27 ___ | Mechanical hazards and events 27.1 _ | from load falls, collision, machine tipping caused by: ‘D7AA | Tack of stability 523, 5485 27.1.2 | Uncontrolled leading - overloading — 52.15.5217 overturning moment exceeded 5431105434, 54.8.5, 5.5.1, 552.1,55.4a) 271.3 _| Uncontrolled amplitude of movements 55.3.3, 72 2714 | Unexpectedunintended movement of 534,541,542, loads 5.4.3.1, 56,72 ‘271 | Inadequate holding devices /accessores | 5.4.4, 7.2 27.1.6_| Collision of more than one machine 553.1,5535 ‘27A.7_| Tworblock of hook to hoist 545.1, 55.32 27.2 | From access of persons toload support | 7.2 27.3 __| From deraiment 5445, 5446 274 | From insufficient mechanical strength of | 52, 54.3,545.3, pars 546,547,733 Loss of mechanical strenath, or inadequate mechanical strength 27.5 __ | From inadequate design of pulleys, drums | 52, 54.1, 54.3.1 276 | From inadequate selection/ integration into | 52, 54.1, 543.1, the machine of chains, ropes, lifting 54362, 72 accessories 277 _ | From lowering of the load by Baa friction brake 27.8 | From abnormal conditions of assembly; | 54363, 5544) testing / use / maintenance 27.8 | Load-person interference (impact byload) | 5.6.1, 5.7, 72,731 26 __| Electrical hazard 26.1_| from lightning 28 | Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles 28.1 | insufficient visibility from the driving 56.1, 563 position 014 (E) 13 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Bridge and gantry eranes shall comply with the safety requirements andlor protective measures of Clause 5. In adation, these cranes shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-2 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. Bridge and gantry cranes shall be in accordance with the following standards as amended by this European Standard: — EN 1301-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements; —_ EN 13001-2, Cranes — General design — Part 2: Load effects, — prEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General Design — Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of stee! structures; — CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems; — EN 13135-1, Cranes — Equipment — Part 1: Electrotechnical equipment, — EN 13135-2, Cranes — Equipment — Part 2: Non-electrotechnical equipment: — EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Norfixed load lifting attachments; — EN 13157, Cranes — Safety — Hand powered cranes; — EN 13557, Cranes — Controls and control stations; — EN 1207-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices; — _EN 13586, Cranes — Access; —_ EN 1264-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions; —_ EN 1264-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking, — EN 60204-32, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008). The requirements of this European Standard are not applicable to power driven hoist units, designed in accordance with EN 14492-2, and incorporated in a bridge and gantry cranes. These hoist units shall be selected accordance to the principles depicted within A.4. 5.2 Requirements for strength and stability 5.2.4 Load actions 5.24.4 Selection of service conditions ‘The service conditions that are selected and used as the basis of design, in accordance with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2, shall be specified in the technical file of the crane. 14 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) For cranes located outdoors, the recurrence period according to EN 13001-2 for out of service wind shall be not less than: — 25 years for cranes located in coastal areas; — 10 years for cranes located inland; — 5 years for incioor cranes which may oceasionally work and/or be parked outdoors. NOTE Guidance for specifying the operation duty is glven in Annex A. For information needed for the derivation of, classification parameters see also ISO 9374-5. 5.24.2 Selection of loads and load combinations The basic load combinations for the load calculation shall be selected in accordance with EN 13001-2:20044A3:2009, Table 10. Where cranes work in atmospheres contaminated by process debris, such material accumulations deposited upon the upper surfaces of the crane shall be taken into account in the dead load computation. 5. 3. Determination of dynamic factors 5. 1 Hoisting and gravity effects acting on the mass of the crane ‘The masses of the crane shall be multiplied with factor §; = 1 + 5 when calculating the stresses in load combinations in accordance with EN 13001-2 For cranes belonging to the mass distribution class MDC1, 6= 0,1 and 6; = 1,10. For cranes belonging to the mass distribution class MDC2, which have both favourable and unfavourable effects, the dynamic factor shall be taken as ; = 1,10 for unfavourable effects and @; = 0,90 for favourable effects, 5. .2 Determination of factor ¢, 5.2.1.3.24 General principles The hoist load shall be multiplied by factor 0, that represents the additional dynamic force applied on the crane, when the weight of a grounded load is transferred on the hoisting medium (ropes or chains). When assuming the most extreme conditions, the hoisting medium is slack whilst the hoist mechanism reaches its maximum hoisting speed. In this condition the dynamic additional force is directly proportional to the hoisting speed, with a coefficient that depends upon the stiffness properties and mass distribution of the crane (:in EN 1301-2). A calculation model for the determination of the dynamic rope force history at the hoisting event, and resulting theoretical factor x, is presented in Annex C. In physical crane operation there are other factors that influence the actual dynamic effect, such as control systems, dampening and flexibility of other than main components (e.g. hoist slings, other lifting devices, load itself, crane foundation), These dependencies and determination of factor o» are represented by hoisting classes in EN 13001-2. ‘When hoisting class is used it shall be selected according to 5.2.1.3.2.3. The hoisting speed used for the determination of the dynamic coefficient shall reflect the actual use and possible exceptional events of the crane in a realistic way. Two events shall be considered as follows: — crane in normal use where hoisting commences at a mechanism controlled speed from a slack rope condition - cases A and B as per EN 13001-2; 15 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) — exceptional case where hoisting commences at mechanism maximum speed from slack rope condition — case C as per EN 13001-2. Guidance on selection of hoisting speeds is given in §.2.1.3.2.4. 524.322 Calculation of the theoretical factor z+ The theoretical dynamic factor dis used for the determination of the hoisting class as defined in EN 1301-2. It shall be estimated in one of the following ways: — make a complete dynamic simulation taking into account the elastic, inertial and dampening properties. The maximum force in the hoisting medium during time of the first 3 s represents the hoist load multiplied by factor 6 — where applicable, the rope force history y(t) may be calculated in accordance with Annex C x= max{Oyit); t <3 5). (A similar simulation can be used for a crane with a chain hoist.); — use one of the simplified Equation (1), a) for a crane with a rope hoist: __b) for a crane with a chain hoist: 2.8% pom oy rt ° Rx, ) o (1s00 xz, where Vhmax Is the maximum steady hoisting speed in metres per second; R, —_ isthe rope grade according to EN 12385-4; Fc 18 the ultimate strength of the chain steel in newtons per square millimetre: J. isthe length of rope/chain fallin metres; Za is the actual coefficient of utilization of the rope/chain (total breaking force of the rope/chain reeving system / hoist load). The length /; / ic shall be taken as the typical distance between the upper and lower rope sheaves / chain sprockets, when hoisting a grounded load. Where a loaded part, or all of the hoist media deviates from the vertical, the length of the rope/chain fall shall be adjusted to give the equivalent flexibility in vertical direction. NOTE This simplified equation takes into account the rigilty and! the masses of the crane parts and load and gives values which are approximately same as calculated according to Annex C. 524.323 Selection of hoisting class The hoisting class shall be determined in accordance with Table 2. 16 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Table 2— Selection of hoisting class Conditic One 1007+ 0.24 ira HC1 TOT + 024i to avoid it being considerad twice in @, and also in dy 5.2.1.3.3 Load caused by travelling on uneven surfaces. ‘The dynamic actions on the crane by travelling, with or without hoist load, on roadway or on rail tracks shall be considered by the specific factor o. For continuous rail tracks or welded rail tracks with finished ground joints without notches (steps or gaps) the specific factor 6. = 1 For roadways or rail tracks with notches (steps or gaps) the specific factor @; shall be calculated according to EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, 4.2.2.3. For rubber tyred cranes the flexibility of the tyre shall be taken into account. 5.2.1.3.4 Loads caused by acceleration of drives For crane drive motions, the change in load effect, AS, caused by acceleration or deceleration is presented by the following equation: AS = S¢p-Sq) @) where S(f)_ is the final load effect; S(i) is the initial load effect 7 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) NOTE 1 — The change in load effects, AS, is caused by the change of crive force, AF, given by the equation AF = F(®)-F(i) where F (isthe final drive force; and Fi) isthe intial drive force. Loads induced in a crane by acceleration or deceleration caused by drive forces may be calculated using rigid body kinetic models. The load effect S shall be applied to the components exposed to the drive forces and ‘where applicable to the crane and the hoist load as well. AS a rigid body analysis does not directly reflect elastic effects, the load effect S shall be calculated by using an amplification factor o; defined in EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, 4.2.2.4 as follows: S=S()+0)-0,.a-m ro) where S(i) is the initial load effect caused by Fy; is the amplification factor 9) Is the factor for effect of sequential positioning movements; a _is the acceleration or deceleration value; m__ is the mass for which a applies. The factor @, shall be taken from Tables 3 and 4 unless more accurate factors are available from elastic model calculations or measurements, The factor @, shall be taken ftom Table 5. Where the force Sis limited by friction or by the nature of the drive mechanism, this frictional force shall be used instead of calculated force S. Table 3 — Factor 9, for travel, traverse and slewing mechanism Factor owes SShuolrenge | MitImU T”Considerabie practical | tach Stepless speed contro! 1: 100 ta 14 1:30 1,3 17 Multi step speed control ~ 18 20 ‘Two step speed control _ 18 22 Single step speed control ~ 20 24 18 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Table 4 — Factor 9, for hoist mechanism Drive type Applied speed | Factor gs lifting | Factor $5 control range lowering Stepless speed control Hoo 1.08 a0 1:30 410 4,15 ‘Mult step speed control - 415 1,20 Two step speed control - 1,20 1.35 Single step speed control - 4.20 4,30 NOTE 2 Factors in Tables 3 and 4 take account for suitching on/off the speed and speed change. Table 5 — Factor $e Class of load positioning | 4 in accordance with re EN 130014 Poand P, 1.0 P2 415 Ps 13 NOTE 3 Positioning movements may increase the total load effects, when made in non-optimal manner. This is taken inte account by factor de dependent upon the class P. Guidance for determining the class P is given in Annex B. 5.2.4.4 Loads caused by skewing 5.24.44 General ‘Skewing forces for top running cranes and trolleys shall be calculated in accordance with §.2.1.4.2 to 5.2.1.4.4 and Annex D, which provide simplified methods for calculating the forces generated when considering both RIGID and FLEXIBLE crane structures. Skewing forces for underhung cranes shall be calculated in accordance with 5.2.1.4.5. In general the skewing forces shall be addressed to load combination B. In cases where anti-skew devices are provided the forces calculated without the effect of anti-skew devices shall be addressed to load combination C. If the crane can be used without anti-skew devices functioning, the forces shall be addressed to load combination B. NOTE 1 — The method given in EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, 4.2.3.4 is applicable to rigid structures. Bridge and gantry cranes can possess both rigid and flexible characteristics; therefore, a more general method is required as given here. With this method also flexible structures, uneven number of wheels, unequally distributed wheel loads as well as different types of guide means and anti-skewing devices can be considered. 19 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) NOTE2 Forees arising from skewing are generated when the resultant direction of roling movement of the traveling crane no longer coincides with the direction of the runway rail, and when the front positive guiding means come into contact with the rail. This is caused by tolerances and inaccuracies, which arise in the manufacture of the crane (bores of track wheels) and that of the runway’ rail (bends, Kinks), The values and distribution of these forces depend chiefly upon the clearances between the runway rail and the wheel fanges or guide rollers and the latter's location, also on the number, ‘arrangement, bearing arrangement and rotational speed synchronisation of the track wheels and structural faxibllty. NOTES The use of anti-skaw devices with travel motions reduces the guiding forces between the rail and guiding means. It also reduces the lateral slip forces of the wheels, but some lateral slip remains due to wheel alignment tolerances and lateral deformations of structures, which effect should be considerad, 52442 ‘Skew angle The skew angle shall be caleulated as follows: Ses Er Figure 1 — Parameters of skew angle The total skew angle to be considered in design is @=0, 40,40, where @ _ isthe skew angle to be considered in design; % isthe skew component syfve: %|s the component due to wear - rail and wheel flange/guide roller; is the component due to alignment tolerances of railivheel. The values for skew angles shall be determined according to Table 6. 20 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Table 6 — Skew angle computation Skew ‘Skew angle resulting from Flanged wheels Guide rollers component ™ Track clearance a, 075-54 1M, Minimum values for erane travelling 8,2 Soom =10 mm | 5,2 5,4, =5 mM Minimum values for trolley traversing S_ 2 Sem = 4mm a, Tolerances (wheel alignment and straightness a, of the rail) ‘Wear of wheel flangesirallers and rails, a, Gy = 003-04 The skew angle shall be © < 0,015 rad in order to achieve good travel behaviour of the crane or the trolley. NOTE For larger track clearances the skew angle is reduced to 75 % because bridge and gantry cranes and thelr trolleys use the full rack clearance only rarely. Usually only the forward guide means is in contact with the rail 5.21.4.3 Friction slip relationship The following simplified empirical relationship shall be used to caleulate the friction coefficient for longitudinal and lateral slip: MH, =Hy(t-e*?) (4) where nis the slip coefficient Hg _ is the adhesion factor equal to 0,30; eis the base of natural logarithms, 2.718; isthe slip factor. NOTE The slip factor is the ratio of the slip distance - transverse andlor longitudinal - to the corresponding travel distance. For the transverse slip the slip factor is equal tothe instantaneous total skewing angle (ctor a#+A0). See D.3.2. Ifother values lower than 0,3 are utlised for jp, a more sophisticated relationship shall be adopted, e.g. on the basis of an adhesion factor measurement. The relationship shall consider the geometry of the affecting surfaces, the contact pressure and the used materials. a Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 524.44 Sole 1n of calculation methods Either of two simplified calculation methods shall be used: either a RIGID or FLEXIBLE method. The RIGID method assumes the structures of the crane and the runway to be rigid. The FLEXIBLE method assumes the structure to be flexible. In cases of doubt the FLEXIBLE method should be utilised. Calculation models to be adopted relative to the craneftrolley structural configuration are listed within Table 7. 22 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibited‘Normer» Downfoad-Beut- Korean Standards As ociatior: Kar. 2206190-LMlir$978461001-205217-14 09:50, DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Table 7 — Calculation models of bridge and gantry cranes ‘Type ‘Structural configuration Applicable method for calculation of loads due to skewing: ‘ See Even, horizontal, almost stif. Guide means on only one end carriage, Crane with articulation, respectively crane with flexible support (#= articulation about an axis parallel with crane track). [Guide means on both end carriages. Each end carriage shall be calculated ‘separately with the method RIGID. Concerning the skewing forces the crane divides into. two almost independent, individually guided cariages, HFG (Crane without articulation {Guide means on both end carriages. Method RIGID. awe Crane without articulation, {Guide means on only one end carriage. 'b) Supply @ fixed support for the end carriage with guide means. carriage (see Figure D.2c)). Apply the forces calculated with method RIGID to the floating end carriage. The cviginaly peralel end carroges receive an angle posiion Ac to each other, Calcuste ///(ar+ Aq) according to 5.2.1.4. eit U,(a+ Aa)/41,(er)>L15 then the skewing forces have to be calculated with the method FLEXIBLE. Otherwise the calculation with the method RIGID is sufficient E.g: dd -(a+A@)= y1,(l—e ”) 4,(a)=(l-e' ‘The methed depends on the flexibility of the structure, ‘The decision is made by the result of the method RIGID. Procedure 2) Calculate the skewing forces with the method RIGID; ‘Supply a floating support for the unguided end. (-250882))) ang 23 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 5.2.4.4.5 Skewing forces for underhung cranes The skewing forces of the underhung cranes, having rigid structure and running on the bottom flanges of rigidly fixed runway beams, shall be calculated with the same principles as the top running cranes. See D.2. However, the guiding force Y> may be divided on two wheel flanges of a leading bogie, The minor lateral forces of the trailing bogies may be ignored. Figure 2 represents an example of the structures and one possible set of the most critical skewing force combinations. For configurations where either a runway beam (or both of them) or the bogies on one of the runways, can float laterally, the lateral forces Y; and Y> are balanced by separate guiding forces Y; on both leading bogies. In these cases the guiding forces Yr shall be taken conventionally as 20 % of the maximum static vertical force Z of the wheel. Y; and Yz, frictional forces are then 10 % of the vertical wheel force of each wheel. The guiding forces, Yr, and frictional forces, Y, balance each other separately on both runways, forming internal force systems within the bogies (element b) in Figure 2), and also local internal force systems within the bottom runway flanges. These forces balanced locally do not impose external forces on the crane structure. F,= 10.12 Key 1 bottom flange and cut web of runway beam No. 1 2. bottom flange and cut web of runway beam No. 2 3. crane girder; end carriage beams under the runways not shown 4 hoist trolley with load 5 4-wheel bogies at each corner of the crane Yy_ transverse frictional skewing forces applied between the wheels and the top surface of the bottom flange of the runway 1 Y> transverse frictional skewing forces applied between the wheels and the top surface of the bottom flange of the runway 2 Yer guiding force applied to the wheel flanges of the guiding bogie F, minimum transverse forces to be also considered in bogie design as shown in element b) maximum dynamic wheel force in vertical direction Figure 2 — Skewing forces of underhung crane 24 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Besides the skewing, the lateral forces on the bogies of the underhung cranes are created also by acceleration of the crane loaded asymmetrically and by acceleration of the hoist trolley and load. These forces shall be considered according to §.2.1.3.4 5.24.5 Overload condition 5.24.54 Cranes with direct acting lifting force limiter The maximum force, Frye, which is applied to the crane when the direct acting lifting force limiter operates, shall be calculated as follows: Faas = Goat “My 6 where Frees is the maximum force in newtons; fu. is the force-timit factor for direct acting liting force limiters [-; m is the mass of the hoist load in kilograms; g is the gravity constant 9,81 mis. For hydraulic systems, the factor gna. shall be less than or equal to 1,4, with friction torque limiters or pneumatic systems this factor shall be less than, or equal to 1,6. The force Fnge Shall be assigned to the load combination C1 of EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Table 10, and as a load to line 13 in the stability combination C3 of Table 11 in the same standard. 5.24.5.2 Cranes with indirect acting lifting force limiter The maximum force, Fnace , Which is applied to the crane, resulting from the operation of the indirect acting lifting force limiter in an overload, stall load and if relevant, in a snag load case, shall be calculated as follows. Fact = Gian “Ma S (6) where Foe is the maximum force in newtons; ous is the load factor for maximum foree [-I; ms is the mass of the hoist load in kilograms; g is the gravity constant 9,81 mis. ‘The Fact represents the final load in the hoist system after the triggering has operated and the hoist motion is brought to rest. It shall be calculated with due consideration to stifness of the hoist mechanism and structures as a whole, properties of stall load protection system, properties of the hoist drive system and functioning of the indirect acting limiter, see 5.5.1.2. Guidance of a calculation method is given Annex &. The force Fnac: Shall be assigned to the load combination C1 of EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Table 10, and as a load to line 13 in the stability combination C3 of Table 11 in the same standard 5.24.6 Testloads ‘The overioad test loads to be taken into account in calculation shall be in accordance with 6.3.2. 25 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 5.2.4.7 Design basis for multi point lifting in cases where the lifting forces are not equalized For cranes, which are equipped with two or more lifting points for liting a single load, e.g. container lifting frame, the loading on an individual lifting point will depend upon the position of the load centre of gravity with respect to the lifting points. Location of centres of gravities with relevant loads shall be specified in the technical file and in the operating instructions. In force calculations both the case of a mid-air load suspension and that of a load being grounded, possibly in an inclined position or on an inclined plane, shall be considered. The forces from the latter case (inclined grounding) shall be addressed to one of the load combinations A, B or C based upon its frequency of occurrence, ‘The proof of static strength for the lifting points shall be based upon the maximum force resulting from the hoist load and maximum load eccentricity. The maximum force possible in each lifting point shall be considered as a regular load in all relevant load combinations A, 8 and C according to EN 13001-2. Due consideration shall be given to the effect of horizontal load actions on the forces in the lifting points. The proof of fatigue strength shall take into account the whole range of centre of gravity locations, the frequency of occurrence of these locations and distribution of load values. The resulting fatigue loading shall be expressed by a series of loads on the lifting points and their respective frequencies of occurrence, Horizontal load actions and inclined grounding shall be considered in case they appear in load combination A. 5.2.1.8 Conditions of use of permissible stress method and limit state method Selection of allowable stress method or limit state method shall be made in accordance with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2, 522 it states and proof of competence 5.2.2.4 Limit states and proof of competence of structural members The limit states and proof of competence of structural members and connections shall be determined in accordance with prEN 13001-3-1 5.2.2.2 Limit states of mechanical components Proof of competence of ropes in rope drives shall be in accordance with CEN/TS 13001-3-2. NOTE A European Standard for the selection of rail wheels is under preparation. While the appropriate standard is not available, the ral wheels and rails may be selected in accordance with ISO 18881-1. Other methods that are based on experimental knowledge on the wear of the used materials and which give comparable lif of the wheels can be used For other components the load effects and required life (number of cycles) shall be derived from the service and load conditions specified in 5.2.1 and they shall not exceed the limit states specified by the component manufacturer. 5.2.2.3 Local stresses from wheel loads The stresses of a supporting structure transmitted from local wheel loads shall be calculated and allocated to the load combinations A, 8 and C (EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Table 10) taking into account the relevant factors. Travel wheels generally transmit vertical and tangential wheel loads. The effects of these wheel loads on all further load transmitting elements of the supporting structure shall be proven for local stresses. Distribution of wheel loads of a crane or a trolley shall not be considered equalized unless equalizing is ensured by appropriate arrangements (e.g. pinned bogies, balancers, flexibilty of structures). 26 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Stresses resulting from vertical wheel loads in the web under the rail shall be caloulated In accordance with EN 1993-6:2007, 6.7.1 and 5.7.2. NOTE 1 — When passing over to cantilevers the local stresses will be double when Joris only half length, NOTE2 Annex F presents one permissible method to determine the stresses in the case of cranes with the trolley travelling on the lower flange of the girder. ‘The local stress due to the wheel load shall be combined with the global normal and shear stresses for the determination of the equivalent stress intensity in accordance with the principles given in EN 13001-2 For fatigue assessment, the total number of rail wheel overruns at the mostly loaded position shall be estimated When selecting the fatigue strength specific resistant factor 7 for fatigue (see prEN 13001-3-1), the weld joint of flange'web may be regarded as a fail-safe component. 5.2.2.4 Proof of strength of lifting points Lifting points (holes and lugs) used for erection and maintenance purposes shall be calculated by either: — using theory of plasticity with a minimum factor of 4 and welds to structures with a minimum factor of 5 against ultimate strength of steel. To justify the use of this theory, the percentage elongation after fracture of the materials shall be at least 15%; or — using the theory of elasticity. 5.2.2.5 Elastic deformation The elastic deformations of the crane structure shall not have a detrimental influence on the function of the crane. NOTE Information and guide values for the specification of crane girders are given in ISO 22086, 5.2.2.8 Vibration frequencies of crane girders Recommended natural frequencies of structural vibrations are given in ISO 22986, Where frequencies are lower, consideration shall be given to the effect of additional fatigue on the structure and to load control Consideration shall also be given to minimize the amplitude and duration of vibrations e.g. by using stepless controls, NOTE —Se@.'s0 5.6.1 concerning cabins 5.23 Stability 5.2.31 General requirements crane is considered to be stable, when the overturning moment calculated with specified loads and factors is smaller than the stabilising moment about any tipping axis. The partial safety factors for the proof of stabilty of the crane shall be taken from EN 1301-2 5.2.3.2 Gantry crane configurations ‘A basic crane configuration assumes a fixed legged crane standing on four or more corners. For other crane configurations an additional risk coefficient y, shall be applied for all non-favourable loads of EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, Table 11 based upon the leg configuration of a crane as follows: 27 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) a) cranes supported on three comers. y= 1,10: b) cranes supported by a hinged leg in one or more of the corners: bi) hinged leg comer lifting up y= 1,10; by) fixed leg comer lifting up WE 1,22. Cases b,) and b) can appear on the same crane, see Figure 3. by ba) Figure 3 — Typical gantry crane configuration with cantilevers 5.2.3.3 Design of tie-downs Where the stability of the crane does not conform to 5.2.3.1 and 5.2.3.2 in out-of service wind conditions, it shall be equipped with tie-downs. The tie-downs shall be designed with the partial load factors in accordance with the EN 13001-2 and the relevant risk factors in accordance with 5.2.3.2. ‘The material resistance factors yj, for design of tie-downs and their fastening points shall be taken as follows: — for steel sections Yn 1,34; — for wire ropes and chains Ym = 26. 5.2.3.4 Stability of rubber tyred gantry crane (RTG) Rubber tyred gantry cranes shall remain stable when they experience an immediate tyre deflation whilst travelling at maximum speed down a maximum incline in both the loaded and unloaded conditions. 5.3 Electrotechnical equipment 5.3.1. Physical environment and operating conditions When the physical environment or the operating conditions are outside those specified in EN 60204-32:2008, 4.4 the specification of the electrical equipment shall be amended accordingly. Attention should be given to ‘wind chill effects and solar heat gain. 5.3.2 Electrical supply High voltage equipment (exceeding 1 kV AC or 1,5 KV DC) shall comply with EN 60204-11. All references to EN 60204-1 in EN 60204-11 shall be considered as references to the respective clauses in EN 60204-32. Where a collector system is used for the incoming supply and it cannot be totally enclosed to prevent danger to personnel and damage by the operation of the crane or associated activities, the provisions of EN 60204-32:2008, 12.7.1 shall apply. 28 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) 53.3. Prote mn against electric shock by direct contact Protection against electric shock by direct contact shall comply with EN 60204-32:2008, 6.2 as amended below. Protection by barriers in accordance with HD 60364-4-41 is only acceptable in areas restricted to electrically skilled persons. Protection by placing out of reach in accordance with EN 60204-32:2008, 6.2.6 is acceptable only in the case of conductor bars. 5.3.4 Control circuits and control functions 5.3.41 General ‘The provisions of EN 60204-32:2008, Clause 9 shall apply as amended by 5.3.4.2 and .3.4.3 of this standard. All safety-related parts of control systems shall fulfl at least Performance Level ¢ of EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Control circuits built with electromechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic components shall fulfil at least Performance Level ¢ and category 1 Control circuits built with electronic or programmable components, respectively, shall fulfl at least Performance Level c and category 2. In high-risk applications, as specified EN 13135-2, a hazard assessment shall be undertaken to establish a higher performance level requirement than described above, STOP function in cableless control systems, as laid down in EN 13557:2004, C.3.1, shall fulfil at least Performance Level ¢ and category 3. 5.3.4.2 Suspension (by-pass) of safeguarding for setting, testing and maintenance purposes The provisions specified in EN 60204-32 shall apply. Where means for temporary suspension of safeguarding is provided, the device for suspending shall be located inside an enclosure, access to which requires special tools, or other device not available for normal operation, such as a key-operated switch, shall be provided, 5.3.4.3 Combined start and stop controls Combined start and stop controls as specified in EN 60204-32:2008, 9.2.6 shall not be used for motion drives. 5.3.5 Operator interface and mounted control devices 5.3.51 General Control devices mounted to the crane shall comply with the provisions EN 60204-32:2008, Clause 10 and 53.5.2 to 5.3.5.4 below. 5.3.5.2 Push-buttons The recommended colours are as follows: — StartiOn: Green; — Stop/oft Black: 29 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) — Hold to Run: White; — Reset Blue; — Emergency Stop: Red (with yellow background): — The stop actuator of a cableless control station: Red; — Other functions Yellow or grey. The function to be activated shall be indicated on or near to the button 5.3.5.3 Devices for emergency stop The provisions specified in EN 60204-32 shall apply. Devices shall also be provided in the following locations to stop the appropriate motions: — onthe crane structure at ground level on both sides or at each comer of a cabin controlled gantry crane: — inthe machinery room; — any other location based on risk assessment Emergency stop devices located at control stations shall be of the palm or mushroom-headed push-button seff- latching type complying with the provisions of EN 60947-5-5. The type of emergency stop devices for other locations shall be selected so as to achieve easy identification and access to them, and to avoid unintentional actuation. Where the cableless control station is the only place of control on an overhead bridge crane, an emergency stop actuator in action to the stop button on the cableless control is not required, provided all the following conditions apply: — itis ensured that a lost cableless control station cannot send any run command: — there are no operator access ways on the crane: — the crane runway has no access facilities 5.3.6 Power driven motions All power driven motions shall be power driven at all times. NOTE —_Exemptis an emergency situation, when mechanical brakes may be manually released by skilled personnel, if the necessary provisions are available to stop the motion to prevent a hazardous situation occurring 5.4 Non-electrotechnical equipment 5.4.1 General The mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment shall meet the requirements of EN 13135-2 as amended by this European Standard 30 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) 5.4.2. Braking systems 5.4.2.1 General All power driven motions shall be under the control of a braking system at all times. The braking systems shall be such that movements can be decelerated, the motions can be held and unintentional movements avoided. ‘The systems shall be capable of bringing a fully loaded crane to rest from the highest speed it can attain. 5.4.2.2 Mechanical service brakes in power driven motions Only power released brakes shall be used and they shall maintain their ability to stop the motion, at all times. Brakes shall be protected from the ingress of substances within the environment, which are likely to have a detrimental effect on the performance of the brake. NOTE Where electrical braking systems are used, the associated mechanical brake is only subjected to limited use. ‘Special attention therefore may be needed to maintain the required mechanical braking torque, see 7.3.3. Mechanical service brakes shall engage automatically in the following cases: — the control device retums to its neutral position; — the power supply to the brake is interrupted; — the emergency stop device is activated. 5.4.2.3 Brakes for hoisting movements The brakes shall be designed to exert a restraining torque of at least 60 % greater than the maximum torque transmitted to the brake from the maximum hoist load. In addition the hoist brake shall comply with EN 13136-2:2004+A1:2010, 5.3.3.2 Back-up braking, as defined in EN 13135-2, shall be initiated immediately, when a failure has been detected in the service braking system or in the kinematic chain. In normal operating conditions and in the case of emergency stops, it shall be applied with a delay that allows the service braking system to stop the hoist motion, unless the repeated back-up braking function has been taken into account in the design. When back- up braking has been initiated by a system failure, the reset shall only be possible by skilled personnel, 5.4.3 Hoisting equipment 5.4.3.1 Selection of serial hoist units Where a hoist unit in accordance with EN 14492-2 is used as a component in the crane, its selection shall be based on the same classification parameters as those of the crane. A.4 gives guidance on selection. 5.4.3.2 Variable rated capacity Where a crane is specified with variable rated capacity dependent upon tralley/crane position or crane configuration, the rated capacity limiters and indicators shall act accordingly. Where a crane intended for transporting hot molten masses is operated also in another mode of operation with @ higher rated capacity, separate consideration shall be given to each mode of operation. A lockable mode selector switch shall be provided to switch the rated capacity limiter to the respective operation mode, 31 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 5.4.3.3. Variable number of hoist units on the crane bridge Where the hoist units are able to move from one bridge to another, thus creating a case where the total lifting capacity of the hoist units can exceed the rated capacity of the bridge the control system shall ensure that the crane bridge, irrespective of the number of hoist units and the suspended loads, is not overloaded, 5.4.3.4 More than one hoist unit permanently on the crane bridge Where the total iting capacity of the hoist units exceeds the rated capacity of the bridge, the control system shall ensure that the crane, irrespective of the loads suspended on the hoist units, is not overloaded, 5.4.3.5 Hooks for handling of hot molten metal Hooks for hot molten handling shall be designed either redundant or be of laminated construction or as a forged hook designed for a load that is at least 50 % greater than rated capacity. NOTE For hooks that directly support the ladle and are subject to possible hot metal spillage, the laminated construction type should be preferred. 5.4.3.6 Boom hoisting 5.4.3.6.1 The boom hoist mechanism shall be provided with a back-up brake (see EN 13135-2). The back- up brake shall act directly on the drum or it may act on the primary shaft of the gear when the components in the kinematic chain between the back-up brake and the ropes are designed with risk coefficient 7 = 1,60. 5.4.3.6.2 The boom hoist mechanism shall be provided with two independent rope-reeving systems. A failure of one rope shall be addressed into the load combination C7 of EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009, and the remaining rope shall meet the requirements of CEN/TS 13001-3-2 taking into account the dynamic effects. 5.4.3.6.3 If a boom rope becomes slack, the boom hoist shall be brought to a standstill (see also EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010, 5.4.1.5). When in the operating position, the boom shall not hang in the ropes of the boom hoist. The trolley shall not fall out of the track, at the transit point between the bridge and the boom, ‘whatever the position of the boom. The travelling trolley shall only be able to pass over to the boom when the boom is in its operating position(s), 5.4.4 Travelling and traversing 5.4.4.1. Friction drive capability The drive and braking systems shall be designed so that they are capable of controlling and stopping movements with maximum specified slope, operational wind speed and load. When evaluating accelerationideceleration characteristics, the frictional coefficient between the steel rail and wheel shall not be taken greater than 0.14, in the case of rubber tyres on prepared ground surfaces not greater than 0,2, 5.4.4.2 Hand driven trolleys and cranes Hand powered hoists, trolleys and where appropriate, hand powered cranes shall conform to EN 13157 as amended by this subclause. If the traversing and travelling movements of the trolley and/or the crane are hand driven the operating force required by operator, when transporting the rated load, shall not exceed — 250Nonahand chain; — 250 Non aone handed crank in the vertical plane; — 400 Non atwo handed crank in the vertical plane: 32 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) — 150 Nona one handed crank in the horizontal plane. If the traversing and travelling movements are achieved by pushing the load, the horizontal force required shall not exceed 200 N, when transporting the rated load. Hand operated gantry cranes which can inadvertently be moved shall be equipped with a braking or arresting device to prevent unintentional crane movement. 5.4.4.3 Drive characteristics of the rubber tyred gantry crane (RTG) The ratio of the wheel base and the height of the centre of gravity and the stiffness of structures of the rubber tyred gantry cranes shall be selected so that the operational accelerations and decelerations do not cause intolerable oscillations for the operator. The limit values shall be as specified in ISO 2631-1 5.4.4.4 Anchoring in out-of-service wind conditions If the minimum foreseeable friction or the braking torque of the driven wheels cannot prevent the crane or trolley from drifting away in the specified out-of-service wind conditions in accordance with EN 13001-2, the crane or trolley shall be equipped with the following, — rail clamps that can operate at any position of the track; or — anchor pins or other means of same function that can hold the crane in certain anchoring positions. 5.4.4.5 Derailment protection If the sudden release of a load can cause the trolley or crane to rise more than 70 % of the flange height or guiding roller height then a means of retaining the crane or trolley shall be provided, ‘The maximum stored energy in the bridge structure shall be used to evaluate the lift of the whole mass of the crane. In the event of an occurrence which gives rise to a derailment, the trolley or crane shall not fall. This is achieved as follows: — lateral guides or butters; — vertical guides. 5.4.4.6 Guide roller design The guide rollers of the elevated travel or traverse drives shall be designed with load factor 7 = 1,5 in relation to the load bearing capacity of the bearings (static and dynamic) or guarded so that falling of the roller is prevented in case of the bearing failure. 5.4.4.7 End stops The ends of travelling and traversing tracks shall be equipped with mechanical end stops. 5.4.5 Slewing equipment 5.4.5.1 Friction drive capability ‘The drive and braking systems shall be designed so that they are capable of controling and stopping movements with maximum specified slope and slopes resulting from elastic deformation, operational wind speed and load. 33 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) When evaluating acceleration/deceleration characteristics, the frictional coefficient between the steel rail and ‘wheel shall not be taken greater than 0,14. 5.4.5.2 Parking in out-of-service condition The slewing mechanism shall be prevented from moving in the maximum out-of-service wind conditions. This shall be accomplished either by a self-arresting drive mechanism, by brakes or by a mechanical locking device. However, the performance shall not rely upon the combination of any of them. The parking system shall meet the requirements of EN 13001-2:2004+A3:2009 (Table 10, 1,= 1,18 for storm \wind and n= 1,1 for the holding capacity of the parking system). 5.4.5.3 Slew bearing The structure mounting support for the slew bearing shall be of adequate strength and stiffness, level and flat, and present a smooth surface for the bearing. The bearing and its fixing botts shall be able to withstand the maximum loading associated with load combinations A, B and C of EN 13001-2. For the proof of competence of the slew bearing lifetime, the following shall be taken into account: a) loading conditions for the calculation shail include: 1) _ each load/radius combination of the system, with the relevant number of work cycles 2) unloaded, return part of the work cycles: 3) slewing sectors specifi for the work cycles; 4) load combinations A of EN 1301-2 with the partial safety factors and dynamic coefficients set to 1; b) result of the lifetime calculation shall be expressed as a total slewing distance within the lifetime of the bearing, and this shall be not less than the total slewing distance specified for the slewing motion according to EN 13001-1 5.4.6 Tolerances 5.4.6.1 Tolerances for rail mounted cranes The rail mounted cranes shall be manufactured within the tolerances of ISO 12488-1. The tolerance class shall be selected on the basis of the designed total travel distance according to that standard. 5.4.6.2 The tolerances for alignment of travelling wheels of RTC ‘The misalignment of each wheel from the travel line shall not exceed 0,2°. Figure 4 — Alignment tolerances of tyres 5.4.7 Gear drives ‘The equipment shall be in accordance with EN 13135-2 as amended by this standard, 34 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Gear drives shall be dimensioned according to the mechanisms classification/loading requirements selected by referencing EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2 for the motion under consideration. The sizing of gearing to meet the strength and durability requirements shall be calculated according to ISO 6336-1 5.4.8 Protection against special hazards 5.4.8.1 Hot surfaces On access ways and working areas where unintentional touching (0,5 s contact time) of potentially hot surfaces in accordance with EN ISO 13732-1 is likely, these surfaces shall be guarded or marked. 5.4.8.2 Laser beams The laser equipment, where fitted, shall conform to EN 60825-1 5.4.8.3 Fire hazard Fire extinguishers shall be provided in locations where fire hazards exist including operator's cabin, machinery and electrical rooms. Exits from these rooms shall conform to the access requirements of EN 60204-32:2008, 11.5.2 and 11.5.3, 5.4.8.4 Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels 5.4.8.4.1 Exhaust gases Exhaust gases from combustion engines shall be discharged sufficiently far from the fresh air inlet of the operator's cabin and at a sufficient height above the ground level to avoid exposing personnel to harmful gases, 5.4.8.4.2 Fueling The filing opening for the fuel tank shall not be located in the operator's cabin. The filing position shall be easily accessible, preferably from ground level. 5.4.8.5 Tandem operation of cranes/trolleys from a single control station When two or more cranesitrolleys are used for handling a single load from a single control or control station, the control systems of the individual cranes shall be interconnected to ensure that during tandem operation: — the hoisting speeds are the same within the tolerances required for the particular application; — the travelling speeds are the same within the tolerances required for the particular application; — an interruption of the operation caused by a motion limiter or a rated capacity limiter on one crane/trolley shall have a corresponding affect on the other. At travelling speeds exceeding 60 mimin and hoisting speeds exceeding 20 m/min, the motion control shall provide self-correcting synchronization and any interruption in the operation on one craneitrolley shall have a corresponding affect on the other. Where the cranes can be used separately and in tandem, the controls shall be clearly marked accordingly. 35 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 5.5. Limiting and indicating devices 5.5.1. Rated capacity limiters 55.1.1 General Cranes with a rated capacity of 1 000 kg or above, or an overturning moment of 40 000 Nm or above due to the rated load shall be fitted with a rated capacity limiter complying with EN 12077-2 as amended by 6.5.1.2 and 5.5.1.3 of this standard, 5.5.1.2 — Indirect acting limiter Settings of rated capacity limiters shall be such that when lifting a load exceeding the hoist load multiplied by a triggering-factor, the limiter shall be triggered. In general, the triggering-factor shall be < 1,1 For cranes equipped with hoists in accordance with EN 14492-2 a load exceeding the rated capacity of the hoist multiplied by the triggering-factor shall trigger the limiter. The triggering-factor shall be less or equal to 1,28. A lifted load equal or greater than triggering factor times the hoist load, shall not be lifted from the ground higher than the maximum rated hoisting speed multiplied by 1 s. In cases where in normal operation the factor @2 is above the triggering factor, a delayed triggering system may be needed. If this is provided, it shall operate as described herein. In order to allow for higher values of ¢., the functioning of the rated capacity limiter may be delayed by a pre-set time value, after this time delay the limiter shall operate normally. In addition an instantaneous trigger shall be provided, this shall be set to trigger immediately in cases where the force in the hoist system rises 5 % above the level of 6». The final, resulting force in the hoisting system shall be calculated according to 5.2.1.5.2. Operation of this two-stage triggering system Is shown schematically in Figure 5. Ifthe hoist media force encroaches into the hatched area, triggering takes place and hoisting will be stopped. ‘The force due to existence of ¢» shall be considered as a regular load in accordance with 5.2.1.3. 36 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) Key t time F force in hoist media img foree in hoist media dus to hoist load the solid curve shows the time dependence of force level when lifting load equal to the hoist load, the dotted line shows the force level ina stall load case, rising to level c. |. triggering level of the rated capacity limiter with delay - force level a is exceeded at t= ts, however the triggering needs to be delayed at least until t = t3 to avoid spurious tripping due to normal hoist impacting, The vertical line limiting the hatched area indicates the trigger delay release. triggering level of an instantaneously acting limiter ~ triggering at t= tz when in a stall oad case & maximum force level occurring in stall load case Figure 5 — Illustration of stall load protection 5.5.1.3. Direct acting limiter Settings shall be such that a load equal to 1,1 times the rated capacity of the hoist can be lifted, in order to perform the dynamic overload test, see 6.3.2.3, without changing the setting of the rated capacity limiter. This, setting shall not allow a load exceeding mirc multiplied by @ oto be lifted, which shall not exceed 1,6 times for {tietional or pneumatic limiters and 1.4 times for hydraulic limiters, the rated capacity of the crane. In applications where a risk assessment shows an increased severity of possible harm as listed in EN 13135-2:2004#A1:2010, 5.12.2, the rated capacity limiting facility shall not rely solely upon a friction torque limiter unless the brake is placed between the friction torque limiter and the load, or the torque of the limiter is inereased to a working coefficient of at least 2 when the brake is engaged, or the same increased coefficient of safety is achieved by other means. 5.5.2 Indicators 5.5.21 Rated capacity indicator Rated capacity indicators in accordance with EN 12077-2 shall be provided on bridge and gantry cranes \where the rated capacity varies with the position of the load. Such indicators shall give a visual waming at 90 % of the rated capacity and a visual or audible warning at overioad, 5.5.2.2 Wind speed indicator Cranes operating in areas where the in-service design wind speeds can be exceeded shall be fitted with wind speed indicators, unless other means are continuously available for the operator to receive the necessary information, 37 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) Where a wind speed indicator is fitted it shall activate an audible warning at the wind speed at which shut down shall be initiated. NOTE Wind speed sx: at which shut down should be initiated can be calculated as follows where tp is the permissible in-service wind speed, in metres per second; 1 Is the time needed to shut down the crane from any operating position, in minutes. 5.5.3 Motion limiters 55.3.1 General Cranes shall be equipped with limiters at the end of each motion in accordance with EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, 5.6.1. Where electrical limiters are used, they shall actuate a category 0 or category 1 stop according to EN 60204-32, but allow movement in the opposite direction to a safe condition. NOTE 1 Guidance regarding type and location of limiters are given in ISO 10245-5. The horizontal motions of rail mounted cranes shall be provided with additional limiters, where there is need to limit operation of the crane, trolley or load in certain areas. NOTE2 — In some applications itis maybe desirable to fit slow-down mites in addition to limiters atthe end of motions. 5.5.3.2 Use of back-up limiter for hoist motion A second (back-up) upper limiter of hoist motion independently activated from the first, complying with EN 1207-2 shall be used in high-risk applications as described in EN 13135-2. A second upper limiter shall also be used on cranes where: — the failure of the first limiter results in the dropping of the load, that directly or indirectly causes an unacceptable high risk to persons and property: or — the intended use of the crane is such that the upper limit is approached frequently NOTE The second upper limiter should also be used to protect valuable propartias, for example: power house cranes, shipyard cranes, harbour cranas, ate. Following the operation of the second limiter, a restart shall only be possible by a reset action, e.g. by using a key-lockable hold-to-run control on the control stand or a manual reset button on the hoist. An indication of a failure of the first limiter, as required in EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, 5.6.1.4, shall be provided showing that a reset action is necessary, after the second limiter has been triggered Indication and reset action are not necessary, if the second limiter is a friction torque limiter designed to accommodate the movement energy. 55.33 Coll n of cranes or trolleys Buffers between the cranes or trolleys are sufficient systems for risk reduction, if they are able to absorb the kinetic energy resulting from the moving masses in such a way as to prevent the following: a) the strength of the components of the crane installation being exceeded; b) the falling or tilting of the cranes or trolleys: 38 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) ¢) the dropping of the load: d)_ the load swaying in a hazardous manner. In other cases, anti-collision systems shall be provided, Where an anti-collision system is evaluated as being required, all relevant crane or trolley motions shall be equipped with the system. The anti-collision system shall have some or all of the following features depending upon the assessment of the risks involved — the ability to reduce the speed of approach of the crane(s) or trolley(s) moving towards a collision; — the ability to bring the moving erane(s) or trolley(s) to a stop before a collision occurs. ‘The forces resulting from kinetic energy of the collision shall also be taken into account with anti-collision system unless the system meets the requirements of 5.3.4.1 The driver shall not be exposed to a deceleration exceeding 4 m/s’. NOTE Waring of approaching collisions can be required in some cases. ‘Where buffer end stops for the crane or the trolley are fixed by a bolt tightening friction device to provide the possibilty of adjustment of the travel range, there shall also be a positive locking device behind the end stop as a back-up means or the friction grip joint of the end stop construction shall be designed with a specific resistance factor jus = 1,8, see prEN 13001-2-1 5.5.4 Performance limiters Performance limiters (see EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, 5.6.2.1) shall be provided where necessary, for example a) limiting the lifting capacity locally where there are limitations due to load bearing capacity of the crane supporting structures; ') limiting of hoisting or travelling speed and/or acceleration/deceleration dependent upon the lifted load; NOTE Limiting of deceleration can introduce additional hazards, and it can be necessary to limit the maximum speed. ) limiting of (travelling) speed and/or acceleration/deceleration dependent upon wind conditions; 4d) limiting of lifting capacity dependent upon the type of load, for example increasing safety factors for dangerous lifts. ‘The operation of the performance limiters shall not cause additional hazards. 5.6 Man-machine interface 5.6.1. Controls and control stations Controls and control stations shall comply with EN 13657 amended as follows: ‘The arrangement of the controls for cranes with cabins shall comply with ISO 7752-5. The logic of the control arrangement shall be the same at each control station associated with the operation of the crane. The arrangement of the controls for the cranes without cabins shall, where possible, also follow this logic. ‘The movement of a crane motion shall only be able to be initiated from the neutral position of the control. 39 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) NOTE More information on ergonomic design principles of controls and control stations is given in EN 614-1. Cabins should be constructed as specified in ISO 8566-5 Windows shall be fitted with wipers and washers and designed so that the outside surface can be readily cleaned. The whole window unit shall be designed and installed so thet it cannot fall outwards. The cabin shall be located so that collision with the transported load is prevented. If this is not possible by location, the cabin shall be guarded with railings. To avoid uncomfortable vibrations for the operator in a cabin, the natural frequency of the structure carrying the cabin should not be less than 2 Hz. Where this requirement cannot be reasonably met, amplitude and duration of vibration should be minimized e.g. by using stepless controls. Informative guide values of lowest frequencies are given in ISO 22986, For gantry cranes the frequency of horizontal vibrations should be not less than 0.50 Hz, 5.6.2. Guarding and access 5.6.2.4 The crane shall have permanent access to all control stations, in accordance with EN 13586. Where access is provided by means of a permanent personnel if, it shall comply with EN 81-43. If there is one exit only from a cabin controlled bridge or gantry crane, a risk assessment shall be made on the need for a special evacuation means from the cabin. NOTE For requirements not covered by EN standards noted above, guidance is given in ISO 11660-5 and EN 1993-6 {and in addition the following clearances are generally recommended, as examples: — clearance above the crane with access ways to the interrupted roof: 500 mm; — clearance between two cranes mounted above each other with access ways in either of the cranes: $00 mm; — clearance under the crane to the permanent obstacles: 800 mm: — clearance between the end carriage and the building taking into account the maximum skew position and allowable wear and there is no permanent access: 0 mm, 5.6.2.2 __|f maintenance or inspection requires access to enclosures, the openings shall conform to EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, Table 6, 5.6.2.3 Some maintenance and inspection work may require the use of a safety harnesses. Where such equipment is required attachment points in conformity with EN 795 shall be provided. 56.2.4 To avoid crushing and shearing hazards the minimum distance between moving parts within the crane shall be in accordance with EN 349 unless equivalent safety is provided by other means, for example a person detector and motion limiter system. Where there is a danger of a shearing or falling hazard occurring on the access way, the transfer points shall be provided with gates. These gates shall be fitted with an interlocking device that disables the relevant motion. 56.2.5 Forcranes travelling on rails on the floor or ground level, the end carriages or the foremost bogies in both directions shall be equipped with rail sweepers and flexible contact protection. NOTE These devices protect persons from getting to @ hazardous contact with the crane, They need not affect the travel drive system Where the crane travel rails are at a lower level than 2,5 m above ground they shall be guarded, for example by rail sweepers. The clearance between the rail and the sweeper shall be less than 5 mm at levels 0,5 m to 2,5 m and less than 20 mm at levels 0m to 0,5 m, 40 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) 5.6.2.6 Open gears, chain drives and similar power transmissions in personnel working and traffic zones shall be guarded in accordance with EN 953. Exceptionally, guarding of the large slewing gears may not be required, if the drawing in point of the pinion/gear is located sufficiently remote from the access ways, in accordance with EN ISO 13857, 5.6.3. Lighting ‘The manufacturer shall clarify needs for crane-mounted lights depending on the availability of other lights on site. Attention shall be paid on lighting — onthe working area: — onaccess walkways, stairs and ladders; — inmachinery room and electric room When a crane will be used in a working place where general illumination level is less than 20 lux, it shall be equipped with lighting that provides local illumination of at least 50 lux on the working area NOTE These are minimum limits, which should be specified higher when required by the accuracy of the work Lighting levels on the crane shall be a minimum value of: — cabins, min, 200 lux — machinery room, min. 100 lux; — electric room, 100 lux. A socket for extra local light shall be provided in each room including the cabin, in an electrical cubicle, and other points requiring maintenance, if the fixed lighting and/or the ambient illumination is not adequate. Cranes with a ride-on operator shall be equipped with battery powered emergency exit lighting, unless there is emergency illumination on site. 5.6.4 Reduction of noise by design 5.6.4.1 General Normally noise is not a significant hazard in bridge and gantry cranes. Noise can be a significant hazard in cases where the operator's position is situated close to one or more of the mechanisms or components mentioned in 5.6.4.2, when their power level or operational speed is high. When noise is a significant hazard there is need for low noise design. In this case the methodology for low noise design in EN ISO 11688-1 shall be considered, NOTE —_ENISO 11688-2 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery. 5.6.4.2. Main sources of noise (On bridge and gantry cranes the main sources of noise are the following: — hoisting mechanism (motor, gear, brakes) — trolley traversing mechanism (motor, gear, brakes, especially raillwheel contact), — crane travel mechanism (motor, gear, brakes, especially rail)wheel contact); — crane festoon (small festoon trolley wheels may be noisy); a1 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) — trolley festoon; — electrical cubicles; — external devices, e.g. motor fans; — hydraulic pumps, either on the trolley or in the load lifting attachment (especially the grabs); — combustion engines and power generators. 5.6.4.3 Measures to reduce noise at the source Typical measures to reduce noise are: — selection of low noise components; —_ use of elastic mountings that prevent the transmission of structure born noise from the components to the structures. Other measures of identical or better efficacy can be used. 5.6.4.4 The protective measures Typical measures are: — the use of noise reducing housing around noisy components; — the use of improved noise isolation in the cabin, if any. 5.6.4.5 Determination of noise emission values Noise emission values shall be determined as specified in the noise test code given in Annex G, NOTE Effects of the supporting structure and the surrounding building (if applicable) are outside of the scope of this European Standard 5.6.4.6 Information on residual noise The information on residual noise shall be given to the user, see Clause 7. 5.7 Equipment for warning 5.7.1 General Warning labels and markings shall be provided to inform the crane operator, service personnel, inspectors, slingers and other persons on or near the crane about the hazards related to the erane and its operations, and on the action they would need to take to minimize the risks. NOTE 1 EN ISO 12100-2 gives the principles of presenting hazard information using labels, NOTE2 EN 12644.2 gives requirements and information on the marking of eranes. NOTES — Visual warning means are safety colours, pictorial signs, text warnings and warning lights. 42 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2014 (E) 5.7.2. Wat 19 markings ‘Warning markings shall be of contrasting colours, which will cause the markings to stand out in the operating environment, in accordance with ISO 3864 (all parts). Warning markings shall have a reasonable life for the anticipated operating environment. 5.7.3. Warning lights Travelling mechanisms or leading chassis of rail-mounted cranes travelling on the floor or at ground level shall be equipped in both directions with warming lights, which are activated during the travelling movement of the crane, Hand powered cranes are exempt from this requirement. The flashing warning lights shall be installed in such a manner as to attract the attention of persons in the hazard zones. The colour of the flashing warning lights shall be yellow or amber with a flashing rate in the range 60/min to 120/min 5.7.4 Cableless control warning light Bridge and gantry cranes equipped with cableless controls shall be equipped with a red warning light, which is activated as long as the cableless control is switched on. 5.1.5 Acoustic warning means Bridge and gantry cranes shall have an acoustic warning device to be actuated by the operator. Floor- controlled cranes where the control system arrangement requires the operator to stay in the vicinity of the load are exempt from this requirement (pendant control). NOTE An automatically activatad acoustic warning should be considerad, where: —_emoving erane or load can create a crushing or sheeting hazard to persons; and — the crane operator has poor or no vision of the hazard zone; and — free space and escape routes in the hazard zone are limited 5.1.6 Location of the visual display unit Location of the visual display units, when fitted, shall be in accordance with EN 894-1 and EN 894-2 to minimize the operator's head movements but still avoiding unnecessary hindrance of the field of vision over the working area. 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures 6.1 General Conformity to the safety requirements and/or protective measures specified in Clause 5 shall be verified by the methods given in Tables 8 and 9. Where applicable, individual components may be separately verified or tested in accordance with their relevant standards 43 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) 6.2 Types of verification Table 8 — Verification methods for requirements Method of verification Letter symbol Visual inspection v ‘Measurement M Testing T Calculation c Engineering assessment EA 44 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05 EN 15011:2041 (E) Table 9— Methods to be used to verify conformity with the safety requirements andlor protective measures Clause Title of the clause Method of verification number 54 General Methods specified in referred standards 52 Requirements for strength and stability This clause describes the methods of verification of the strength and stabilty of the crane by calculation 5244 ‘Selection of service conditions Vc 5242 Selection of loads and load combinations Vv 5.24.34 [Hoisting and gravity effects acting on the mass of|C the crane 5.24.32 | Determination of factor 62 CT 5.2.4.3.3 | Load caused by travelling on uneven surfaces c 5.2.1.3.4 | Loads caused by acceleration of drives cM 5244 Loads caused by skewing c 524.5 ‘Overload condition c 524.6 Test loads V, Testing according to 6.3 5247 Design basis for multi point lfing in cases where the |, EA lifing forces are not equalized 5218 Conditions of use of permissible stress method and| EA limit state method B224 Limit states and proof of competence of structural| © members 5222 Limit states of mechanical components c 5223 Local stresses from wheel loads c 522.4 Proof of strength of lfing points c 5.2.2.5 Elastic deformation CT 522.6 Vibration frequencies of crane girders CT 52.3.1 ‘General requirements c 52.3.2 ‘Gantry crane configurations: c 523.3 Design of tie-downs c 523.8 ‘Stability of rubber tyred gantry crane (RTG) c 534 Physical environment and operating conditions V.EA 53.2 Electrical supph v.c.M 53.3 Protection against electric shock by direct contact |V 53.44 General V.EA 5342 Suspension (by-pass) of safeguarding for setting, |V testing and maintenance purposes 5343 ‘Combined start and stop controls. EA 535.1 ‘Operator interface and mounted control devices, |V, T General 5352 Push-buttons Vv 53.5.3 Devices for emergency stop v.T 536 Power driven motions V.EA 54d Non-electrotechnical equipment, General Methods specified in referred standards 5A2A Braking systems, General 7, 5422 Mechanical service brakes in power driven motions _|T. EA 542.3 Brakes for hoisting movements TV 54.3.1 Use of serial hoist units Vv ABD Variable rated capacity T 543.3 Variable number of hoist units on the bridge crane _[C, T 543.8 More than one hoist unit permanently on the bridge |, T 543.5 Hooks for handling of hot molten metal CV 45 Licensed to HHI Co. LTD. 2013-07-18. Any form of reproduction and redistribution are strictly prohibitedNormen-Downioad:-Bouts Korean Standards Assocation Kl 2285190 5978469 00-2012-19-14 0:50 DIN EN 15011:2011-05, EN 15011:2011 (E) ‘Table 9 — Methods to be used to verify conformity with the safety requirements and/or protective measures (continued) Clause Title of the clause Method of verification number 5.4.3.6 Boom hoisting 5.4.4.4 Friction drive capability 5.8.4.2 Hand driven trolleys and cranes Drive characteristics of the rubber tyred gantry crane (RTG) ‘Anchoring in out-of service wind conditions Derailment protection Guide roller design End stops. Friction drive capability Parking in out-of-service condition ‘Slew bearing ‘The tolerances for rail mounted cranes and tracks The tolerances for alignment of travelling wheels of RTG Gear drives Hot surfaces Laser beams Fire hazard Processed materials and substances, used materials, fuels ‘Tandem operation of eranesfrolleys Rated capacity limiters, General Indirect acting limiter Direct acting limiter Rated capacity indicator Wind speed indicator Motion limiters, General Use of back-up limiter for hoist motion Collision of cranes or trolleys Performance limiters Control and control stations Guarding and access. Lighting Noise, General Main sources of noise Determination of noise emission values Information on residual noise Equipment for warning, General Warning markings Warning lights Cableless control warning light ‘Acoustic warning means Location of the visual display unit olalolal <<} al

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