Module - a Till owea Prtarihiveg » —rnteedudion + Fil- Area _Prtentttu eg Kan voekal conetsuct Sor deseatlsing Componerls fo Fehrs FB an sea. tok tg. | Sted with some aolid colos & esn Rcduxe Component of tyes i i pely ~s seed te Oo a "noo J a syed “oes : 4 Dppeoxt malting ® cusved surface wth paragon Races \s Somelimnes wejgrsed “ko 98 Sushoe Lesellaton ee ee pelgen _ tag | “Bo posttble -ftl-owea chapes Y) Nt: + Vicp| oF such quses can be genesal getty as uwise~ Lsame showing only the Ss \Tews | clygen elqeq ty give a the surface ctsudwu Objects clecebed utth a sel of, genesal” grdtcakon x dyqon Sustace patches ose usualy selene ky OS standard gsaghtes chieds, 6 jus graph icy, chjecks : ree ee| | Polygon Fi) “sees. | a species —> f\ payaon ts a plane Fiquee , by a a a eee os mose Coordin | posions, Alle vestices that ase \ Deck, o sequence ~ akosight ne Seqerents, coy, ‘he edgeg oh” sides of sho _pelygen, —a4t Is wequtsed thot Nhe palygon elas Ne No ee point other Han th.) enipdinks > ny Plane Rquse with a closed- paul, boundary is alluded to as 0 Polygen and one with no en es fs wdlessed bo as skandey polug mM oe ae Computex apsaghicg opptakion , it 1% possible hak o designated sek Polygon vertices do not al Re exacly ‘ one plane . , , —> We is due bo ~souing off Vor iy i, Colculotion of numestcal \olues | ty exsey in Selecking Coordi note “positions Ree’ the Verkiceg , Ov, Mose |, really bo approxi, 0 Cosel Suclace with sek of : spaygened patches — To alivide the’ spedtied Stes > io elondles ee reshon Classthications : o\ — ye payaens esse clossified nko lwo types . comes ‘Palygon 9% 9: Corcane “polygen mex Polygon + (oe oer is convex P all Intestor les of 0 -palyqon ase less thom A equal onghes_ N tnkestoe anal 4o (eo), whese Co ee cs eee a . an ange inside the polygon polygon ig Q 4 ey ok G Rmed by hee oajocent edges: y also. ewe selec any two pts TH the ‘ntesia ge a Govex polygon, Ashe \\ne Seqment Pky ‘ne oo points 1g dlSo an —kne intesfor Concave “Palygon + >A polygon the te net Convex fg ca\\ed a Brave : yelygen F180 ssthe esr eg enesate pol gon ts oflen used to clesexihe 0 set 4 Vestices tha ase colineas os thot hove +s aled Coosclingle positions - _ Posblers ty Goneave pdygon - * Tinplementolions of \ alqostthms and oXhes gpaphics ~soulines One poseComp\icated Edutor| ax. 1d genenalty mose etficient \ Sp a Concave polygon into cel of, Cone, Pelygens behese pracesing “Ldedttyiog Crewe Polygons : Charackesighicg + ¥Q Srcave “Polygon hag a least one Inhestos Onqle qeanler than \go" x the extension of gome eclges of a Concave pelygen wr \\ ‘ntessecl ales edges ; X Some pots of Inkertos pein: a Peel. a ine Seament hat inlecsecle the polygon lourclouy Tertticakion algoxtthen | x identifying a 4% ys Concave oy m” "4 Calculate, eee preeduds “l-Sucesstye Pows of ealge \Jechas Ee & ‘ KAbiue seup a . Nedos fox cack, Polygon / edge, then ue Gur des Use ne CeOSs - ssoduch ch odiecen edgey to dest CE\xEs z {px Conca wity. AN cach Go. Boo \Yectas produce ual he . 4 20 At he same sign He (ener ~ Ss a “Vv fox a Conver Eye) >oO pols aon - ‘42 70 X Thexefone , YW Some (€ XE >0cass Peesusrs yield ao postive Values oma some 0 nepkive Volue, we \owe Oa conse PAygen. Aenification algoutthno’ : ¥ look ot the polygon vestex postbionc seloive +o —the ex\ension \ine of omy ed x ah Some Vestices ove On one sik g dhe extension Rue and Sorte vestteeg ase on the othes side, the pol . Concave eye . Spitting Concave Relugons : -> Sp concave polygon IN ine set of conver polyquns using edge Vecuss - eclge Cs0SS Pes OF ucts 5 Os ce Carn use VYevkex positions ~selatve +o om edge extension ine -o Qelesmine eokic) Vewtice ¢ ose on one aide ot -thic line om wWhidy ase on the othe, # Mosk need to osm -the edge vecoss \* Given Luo consecutive \enlex positions , Ne and Vkx\ , we deline the edge eds bekween them a8 Ex =\ie4\ -Ve iP Ca\culole he Gsoss- produds of Successive edge vectors Sn osdes Qaound he Polygon penimela 4 at ~Khe Sj Component of Some Csoss - “| poedude ts positive ile othe, Cross -OO C—O = ¢ Preduts hove a negli 7 Component} | the parygon is Concane ¥ we can apply the veces method poor essing edge VYecoss fin CounkesClockustse odes if any Csoss- soduct has 7 Negoitve t Component ' the polygon '$ Concave and we con spit el oleng the Vine of the ad edaqe ect i q 0 the Gsoss- product po E\=01,0,9) &=(0,1, 0) rer) Eu = (,2,0) €s =(3,0,0) Ee=(9,=2, 0) ¥ these the 2 _component 19 0 gtng, ov edges ose ty the x Lome * Es * Ey Ekx jy! os to she values fos the 7) adoove Piquee ig as Po\\ows > i. f ok E\x€2 = (0,0, 1) : : 3 Ex x €3 = (0,0,-2) aan x Ey = Co, 0, 2) i Eu x Es= (0,0, 6) Es *& = (0,9, 6) Ee x & = (0, 0,2) ¥ Since the Goss- peducl Erx€s ha a negakive z Component | we split he poygey along, the line of Neches) = 4 “re \ine equatien fos hee edge has a shape ch 1 om oy trheraph ef -No bes edae Csoss - produc}, “ane ne ake So the Luo bo \ o Convex ae pelygong ase Exene = o Chex )e> 0 (eax ty). <0 (Eux Es), = (esx oe > 0 CE x Ei), >0 Hse Se Ncsume Vy ond Vet| ase ConsecuWe \estices HX \VYeckoo Ee = Veyi ~ Ve >. |. ‘Psoducd : ¥ Desume Ey =@rias (23) / &= (by, b, by) hxG= (arb; obo 1 Ogb\ - a3, Ais ~as\o) Example) vse Ceoss pooducl bo Pend DowmpbkA\Nectos of poly gon with the Bowing vesdices + (0-2, ~o-y , o), (0-6, Oa, oes), (0-3, O4, — 0-3), C by, - 03, ~ Oh) ffinsvoesl Ey = Versi - Ve as , a3), Es =(b1, babs) E\= (a, \3 ei E> = (arba- aglos aslo — ay br = o2 bi ) \\ = (o.?,- ob /0*2) Ao =(o-6, od, o3). Ee 3 =Co3, oO-4, -0-3) Eye ww | = (0:6, oF, o:s)- (0:2 0-4, 0-2) | = Cou, dl, 0:3) 2 = Va - VR | = €o3, 0-4 ,—0-3)~ (0-6, 0-4 03) | =(-0-4, -0*3, -0-8) Bx = G:\* -os-p- 3a 0-3, | TOF Ou - 0-8, OA 03-114 0-9) , = Cos, O-0s, 0-34) 2 Roloki onal method \ * peceeding je aa 4 dockwige avound Qo polygon edges, we owt the pation wi of he Polygon go Kok each verlex % 7 shussny ie at +h, We | Coordinate cotgi Nn. a a we wolae the Polygon Rent th | oman IW A § dockutce disechen yhak -he next Nestex Oe | Oe Oaas J Ww the Hollowing vertex , Nes d | ‘is jrclow the * axis the Payger is Conn COwe So Ve +1 Ls opy we spit the on along -the x orsiy Ao Lose Awo can ol af wo wepeat the Conawe lech tos cach of ahe two New Poygons Spitting a Convex Pelugon inlo a cel of “Telangles + X once we howe oa Vertex \tel L df Cnesx polygon a > Take any Seneca! ences cn oxcles arheow 0 way the middle veslea the \tsk- Ne = > Apply to the same “5 2 oced use > Unril only thee Ne on \ewtices semain %, HW V2 Vg Vy Ve Vg nA HN Na Vs = FY bste a MIs Ns 4 Ny V3) Wy Ns YG XW V3, Vy, = I Asiana % Vi VG, Us Ve Nin Vy Vee = a8 ovnq b “ Vis , Vee 4h triangle 6Tdedilying ickesios ond extentos ey, S pelyger: ¥ we may wont to spechy a COMle,, Pitt seqton oath inkes secting edges: YX Tos Such shapes , ‘Lis not abo , cleas hich sseqions of the. cal ploue we should ail [inlexien | oe which scons, X we should desiqnale as |" exlesion” | to Abe chted ounderigs « Wo commonly used algovithms \\ Odd- Ben yule (Sneide - Outside best) ound a he nonzexe wsoding numbes wale ') Inside - Outside besls : —>Filse called the odd - pastty ole oy the = even-odd~ -wole — Doan a line Lsom am oo D 4 a diskon} Point outside y Coodino |e exclenl, of he. clogeed polyline = “then Woe Count the. Kine \ n umbey (i Seq men\ % Ceesstng along the hn = Al the ao. / Seqmer|s Crsossed by this line {cs Old hen Py : Cordidered -by lx Seinecicn ci | ; 1 ctheswise p ts on hors =. —> WE Can uce this Psoceduno fy | Oo a 4 a erate2 bo Bi the intesio Beqion dw thay pen OBIE Ciscles os ~two Concenbyste ascles 0” 0 Concerbst < Polyons wi, Xn epectiie d cols eres 2 NU ‘inkesivs Odd - even vile SS oS” 2) Nontero ustnding- puree, tle ‘thts counts the number of mec Theol the bovndeay ef an obyed syinds" arsound a poaticubas: point tf the counesclockwise disedion -lesmed as (uated Qumbert, cS 44 he udindting No: $s Nonzeso, p te considesed bo be an trlesio? orheswise , 77 Pp ts token +o be on. cxtertor pal A Twkelize Ane winding Wo: +o o ¢ opin maging a Vine cdsawn Rsom on Position oo Aiskan\ Point bey ord He coowlinate exlends of he chjecl- XK the Vine we choose must nol po, rsou qh any ecdpsin Co ondirales . 4 As we move along (he line Poor, Position P lo be distant pl, we Count the nurndoex + of object lene Sean. | Ahok cos the sebesences \ine in! “y each diseckion . Fwe add | by Ae windtn No. ey, Hime we whesseck a eqinert tha “ Csosses the line in the dtseckion sight to \dk, & we Subbsoct | y Kime we intessec a Seqmerk hod Ceosses. —fsom lak +o aight se AP oe —> The nonzeso winding - numees bends to closet yas tntesios some aseas thal thy odd even sole cleems - eo exert 4 a. NnpoLWGon! “TpeLES ake objects in a Scene ose describe, os geks of polygon Surface Paces athe dots of ~the polygons ose placed into -haldles Wot ase to be used ty Sulesequent: ‘poocessing , splay a > Mranipulak on oe “tre objets in -the scene. : _> hese polygon oka tables can be owgatized Aw -kuso qeoups ‘ \- Geomelsic . -Lol\es and - a Alkdibule tables. : Geomeste doka -tables Contetn Vevlex Coosdinates and porsametess to identt|y the Spool. ostentoli on ot he polygon Quaaces. orssanged fin Ahsee lies tA Vvestex talele + Soses Coosdinale Values tows each \jextex tn —the objec af e -tokle : antatns potrtess — back eee tale ni tdentify the \eslices os each palygm able 3: A Suvlace- - Yack Lables Conloins pointes hack into ~Qo edge tale to identi fy he edges Bors each Payqon .oo’ Atksiloute _Totosmation Tables os an obj, Thcludes Pesomeles Spe spectyog he Sem. “Lean gpasenc ot the Objet amd Ms Suvsface wd \ecivity and beschuna Chasacte, y SURFACE - FAcey Ett Vii Va, Si No, Va, Sy B. Va,Vi, Si, Sx = Va, Vy, Sz Es: Niu Vs S35. Boe Ve vio.\ Dy alkesnative assangement ts bo use jusk Aiso tables. a Veskex toble and o Susface- Facet toble this scheme ts ley comienierk, and Some edges Could get daoown twice Th a wtsefsame disp\ 91 Pothes possibility is to use ony ao Susfaca- facek table | bul this ees aup\icates Coordinate Infosmotion, Since expe Coowdlinale Values ase listed fy each Veskesc in each poly om facet 3. we Coutd excpon d the ed e -bable + vaduale Loewen peters thks thy stale. Sacek —lalle so nal Qa Common edge ilu pol ons Guld be: identified Mmoxe saptd\y ~the Vertes table could be expand An sadowenca Gowsesponciing edgey , Poxs foskes ‘infosmokion -sekksteval - Plone Equations: > Each polygon Wm a scene fs Gnidined Within, oo plane of Tfinite. excten| > Genersol equation P a plane {5 Poe + By +Cz +D=0 where, ip Gy, %) ig ony point on the . plane, ¢ a- The Coelliien|s ABI Cand Danse Constants clesceiloing the spatial propesties of the plane —>we con obtain the values of A.B,c an D by solving a Set of thsee plane equakions using Ane Coosdincde valus Pyco thee callineas points tn the Phe | the \ysec Sucessive ‘Convex- po Yen Veskices 1 Cy iY 2) » Or tyr =>) amd Gy 43, Za a __ (ald)x. + (elo) ye + (cp)ae = -) Kah, 3 ——J DS The sdlulton -Lo this set of equaliong C lee olbtatned tn determi Nant Pow , using Goames's odie , Os ' Y, x 1 & f= a B= Deh Z 1 g3 2 x3 | Zs x, 4, \. ay Gg, 2, <= |\%2. ty | PS ~| 20. Yo Zz xa 33 \ xs 43 =| ~> Expandiy he detesrinan\s , WE aay woske the! Calculokions fos the pan Codlicierks ty the —Pown A = - %s)+y (25- 2))* 43(@-22) B = 215-33) + %2(xg—s8) + Es (H1-x,) <= iCta-Y$s)-+ 2(45-¥.) 4 29/4, ~ y,) D=-x1 (4.25 -Y3%2)- x2 (Ye! ~Yiza) - : 3 (y a 4221) Feonk ord Back Polygon Facey: _5 he side of a polygon that Laces sako the object intesios ig ialled tho pace face and the disthle , 08 dubposd, side tg the Psonk face |"Dues dlugen is Corksined uitkin an 2 atte! Les thot pastitions space Into 0 CEqONG - ao “piel thot ts not on the plane ¢ jyak “is Visible abo the -frsont face of a prlygm Susface selection fs sotd +o be in Pont of —the plane, ond thus, oubide ane object 9 find any point’ thot ig visible A. th lock face of the polygon i behing the plane Ar >) -Yos any pont. 4.) not ona plane with — -porsam A,B, C.D we hoe _5 Thus, we Can ‘identify the point ag ethes behind ox to Pont of a aly gusface Conkotned — ustthin ~thet plane accosdiing +o the Stqn (negative S posthd)y | Ax + By 4G +B") if Ax+ By +C2 +D 20 the paint CY, 2) ig bekind Yo plare # Ax+ Bys Gd s0 the paint (4,2) if in Peont of the plane 4 ne(P.B) > Ostentovion of o palygon Surface Fn Space can be descsibed with the Noomed Neos Pox the plane Contatning hak polygon:—> Thus, athe nosrmal veckss fos is Fen ‘$ N= (0,0) which fs in the feed, of the pasitive sc oats —>Fosming -two vectoss, one Peom Vi toy and the “second -om i to Be we Coluulole N as the ech Cross = Prod N= Oe- 0) xQg -1) => Kis genesates “Values fox tho plane Pasameess A.B, and c. Ax+By + 4p=0 = he Plane Equation Gn be Cxpsesse| ‘ Sn Neckus —Bsom using the pose N amd the postion Pp of any porn ° ho plane as 4 OpenGL Pelygen Filt- Awea -Fanchory, —>f AWestex funckion fs used to int the coosdiroles fos a Single polygon Vertex, and a Complete poly Mm is descslbed sth a ik of "dee ploced beliseen oF Q\Beqin|ql end Pas > FN Some Implementations of Open, an fol\ousing wouline can be nose ellicient han genesating a LW cecone! using qNestex_ Specifications: a | qlRecka Gey, 4 2, #3\: Polygons vot -the OpenGL Potiius consxort GL POWWGON, we ao splay a single polygen Pell owea - rete aa Ps Ps q leskesxQiv (PI) j glVeskextivCPr) ; P PY g\NestexSiv(P3); qWerkes iv (Pa); nc Ps QWeskexdiv (Ps); qlvestesaiv (p0); gliend () ; i Tatangles - Displays the -bstangles glBeqin (GL-TRIANG: LES); giikolexdiv (P); QlWeslex Siw (Ps); Pe Py WVedkessiv (6); ll qINewlex Biv (Pg); PNY hPa WW Neskex aiv (Ps) ; J V QNestes 20 (Pe) P Pd QlEnd() ; fous Connecled Asiongles genesaled watth GL TRIANGLE QWBeqin@GL- TRIANGLE _ sre); Werslexdir (Pp); AWWeskexaty (p ); qlWVerlecais (9). gWeslex Ro (PS : alVestex div (Ps) 3 Vewkex giv (a); - qed) ; Pe P3 Ye ysoy Quodsilakexels + —>OpenGl poovides foe te apectFroab, | rae Aes Quadalatesals ‘ qBBegin(G@t_gupns) ; giVestexQiv (Pp ) ; = qlWestex av Ps i QWeslerQMu(Ps) ; {WWestexdiu( Pa); Weelec aio ps); QWeslexdin( Pe) . sa qWNeslex div Cpa); Ps qWNewlex Six (P2) j SAE) Pu Fill Awea abletbubes + sk we can SR any specified Segions, Indah Chectes eMpses «ahah dcthes’ dbjecs oth Cusyed bourdestle EN Sylegs . AA baste Ptl\-ossen aAbsilule ssovided b ences ies Winey epg ne 4 ‘Sale of, ne Weston. the . 4 ploy Hollow * “Ke nee of Stn a seckangulo, potlewn aN Osea oot, % cailed kilt a sedarguias Rk Pattern ccclomwed to Os Hilling Pater predefined _ \ » ane \¥ somefimesase Vaslakles wh 2 System, \\ ress a RP ne bokeh fa\ podtesns UT } An Diagnal Gsossha\lhy Fl Dragon ne Gos Benked Hi Bofors ; pixel Voluce colos- Blended seqions arn be Sosplementel ustng erthes twansposancy Racoss bo Grid Ane Vending ot backqsound ard object. Qloss, os using simple logical & seplae Opewaliong on chown tn Fg Wy hese +rl= B, 4 he cussent cdos P of each prxel thin Re oasea to be Billed 4 Some \fncon Com\ination a TT ond B: p= tra a-)B« 4) ows Calow Values awe sepresented Sepesale wed, qseen, and blue Cormponen|, P= (Pe Pes Ps),, T= Forfa), B= 5 used : + adhen loo backgsound Coloss Bi 4 By % mixed with ose und clos fF, ' P=tP e+ (4d) g. Genesal Scan-\fne Pelygun - Ml Plexi * A Scan-\ine A oe a. satin ig pesfosmed by iss dekeomining the wokesseckon | positions of —the boundast, of the Si wsegirn wilh Lhe’ Stedy - Scan Vine 4 \0 14 le py iq Above sl\ucksoles, the baste scan - line proceduse fos 0 sot. colos Fill cd Q Poly gen: Sean Vine y!a Polygon edges ol , \ Seen Vina re St = Seon \ing ; oe y 4 y Scan \fne oO a Ca) Ce ko @, the y cosdinale of the appes erdpoirk of Khe Casisent edge is deceased {: Ua udneneves 0 Scanine passes Anoosqh Soke, 1 olessecds two aYrot point Tn (, the 4 covedinale of the upper endpoint of Ye nek edge iz clewesed by | b Oe aes Kya l- Fe Sean \fne get) Son Vine 4p \ Aeay = Te aR +f long an edge wth slope ™) the Tnessecton S, vole fox Scan Kine k above © the inal sco [tne Con be Alculaled — as Y= eco +m : a where, m §s the watio ob tw inlegn, m= A > thus, ‘nceemental Calculations of c Ynlescaphs x — ox be | ie ae 44~ Ktirdementakion of edge - inlessedion ca 13) con ke faciliboled by chootng 0% 4 ay | values in the Soshed edge \is 4. 0 Qpengit il. fsea Akrstlule Fanclong ’ —) we genesate cteplay QMS In fous Steps rs a Mi pa 2+ AAnvoke the Palygen - ti souling . 3° ficlfVale We \ . PeXtor--R\ footw gpd A” Desctibe he Paygons +o be a Ss of fied Conveg nTwo- Dimensional Greometsic “Tsanstosmations ewotions that ase apptied Lo the geomessic descsiption Fan ckiect to chan ts position , osientalion , Os Ste ASE Allle geomebstc -boansfosmations - Basic “Two - Dimensional Geomebstc “Fears| omarion, “Wwo- Dimensional Fearsloion —] > we pesfosn a teonslation on o eagle Coosdincke point toy adding offsels to ts Coosdinates SO os to genesale a new Gowinale position the eatin vues oh ond J xextte y'= L ' Yxty >The Lsancebion Atdana’ pots Clix F Coiled & bsanelohion ecko i “ ws) . PTE). EE] ref] P= pat } cde + = class wePtad { public : GilPlost 45 % \iotd kesang|adePal qo" (wePtan+ vers, GLinnleds GilFloaktac , Gr-float fy) Gin ke;fos(k=01 k 2 rNleds ; k+4) f vedls [k]-x = ve’ [k] +x + tx 5 % Vesks(k].y - vests [i]: 4 arky j qBegin( GL_Paygon) > - fos (Ke0 4 k 2 nVewls j Ett) qliedeaP (eds [k]-x, vewk[r]-3), 7 AEndc); Ee Dineretinal agian Dwe reste a ~ctakion lsancfosmation 4 an cbed oy Specifying oO Botalton axt$ an) o% wkakion onde. 8 > => te ongulas 4 Brthinale selottonchins of he osiginal 4 sancfostnmed point position, ose Shown Mp” Kg : > we con expwess the -Lsonsfoomed Cowl wn -tesms of andes 6 4 % as x)= 600s (b+ 8)= wanstcase —y Singsioe Y = wsin (Gd 48) = wcosd sing + Bsingcose _»5 he csiginal coosdinates of -the point gn poles Goordicales 070 . X= weosh, Y= ssinga= cos — YSINO yl= SiN -k Ycosd perP whese the asokation marix i R= cose -Sine ane Cosé wi 4,): es) oO 4s) Ge) Karte —X— (OS® - Cy-4s)sioe Y= 45+ &-xs\sino + (a Rycse code» class wePhan f a public : Glfloak 2. Y 4 Void ~schotePygon (wo PLIDK vers , GLI nvesls, : weplad PWR, Gldouble Arata) wcPL@D~ vesbRol + Glick *; fos(es0, ke Nests ¢ key) i VeskRck [ed-x = puPl x4 (vers Dejan - pivPe-a}g cos Aneta) - Cet ty poh} AgRot [e]-y = pe ea; Nes ta y¥ = pr 4t (vesks (rJsoc = uP x) ; Sin Aneto) + (vests (rI-y _ piuPt “Sy Cos (hata alBegin(ar—powion ) 5 Sos(e=04 ke nVeds ; e-+4)) qWWestexat (oexkeRet (ex, yestRet tJ . s) AEA);Twoo- Dimensional Seating : * ST alex the dre of an objet, We “nl At moons ogling roe x = X+Sx 1 zy “By > bwo- ae cath equollions in may, i} 2) t p=sP wWhese $s the axa Cesog masts | Fg below W\ucksates Scaling of at ee assigning the vabus ors to both & 43° | Fe oat = Gesefs, Y-Ye= (yy) Swe Can seusile equations , x! = X-Sxe + Xp (\- -Sx) | Y= Y'84 + Yo (I-84) cok " aos voc PALQD [ public: Giflook =, 4; y Void scalePol gon( werk ads veskk , GLink nVlex\s, wPlar fixed Pl, Glfloak sx , Gi Moats) we PLD VessNew ; GLink + tov (ue =01 KéWexk: barf NexksNew [k]+x = vesls{K].x k gx + Ree P38 (5) ;JealsNew [e\-y = vests [ej 4 * sy 4 he AVA + uy G- *), (Beatn(GL-POLNGON) ; a(t 201 Ke nesk * k++) al\estexat (vests New [ex ; \resks New (3-4). gl&naC 5 5 Mokotc Repsesertaltons 4 homogeneous Coosdtnates r Sen ot Ane tree bade —two- cimensional Lsandfors mations (Aoorsiation, sckation 4 sealing) on be expresed wn be genesal natstc Pom P = M: Pr Mo Homageneous Coosdltnates ~ Mulliplteative 4 Loarglolionadl fesms Ps a -bwo- Atenensional eomotstc —teong!s . be Combined Peat x ty) P with T (4x i Ay) os She 2x3 svanclaten Mm oer. Q“Teso- Dimensional Retabion Makets Can be expressed to the enakeize Prom onl cose -gine «60 | | % E =| sing coo 0 |] 9 ; o | | p=R@)*P RB) te the axa matstx with sot ation powameler 8 Teoo- Dimensforal Staltog Maksts - & marsic multiplication x Sx 0 © ls |: o & 0], J \ | ' Fe Se, se)” P 8 (x <3) te the 3x3 malbstx: cInvese. “Tansfoemations » we hove -hwo- Aivrens\onal. -bsonclodion Atelances tx 4 ty, the tnvesse -ltamelotin matels \ 4 1 0 -ky a 57 ~ty 0 0 \ A -Lwo- ctimensional -sotatl on Abssough am onde © aloovt the Gosdinale osigin has the ‘Invesse -beansformoation matsiy .) cose SIND OO R= |-gn9 cose os 0 D \ 5 we fom Lhe inverse maksix fey amy Scavhog, Asanglorration ly seplacing the Scaling paxameles , votth yak cectpscksee eee Ye inwesse Apanef osnrokion roars \ oO) ° Ss = | 3 + o Oees 0 0 | oor Dimensional Compost ~eavehzention > Fasting pooduds oo} Asancfournation rabsic, ° esced bo as Concalenation , So is oo ee ‘ 7 -uwo -LsoncPosmnationg +0 “point positon, R the sansfoomed \oatton comld be Pe Ma-MyP : = MP Re ong Composite “Too- Dimensional ~“Rarelations - par): [REP] - = fpler) R@DY'P by rouldiplyiing ‘he hoo octalon revaksl cox, we con Vesity -thot two Successtve ssoltong ase additive: RCO) R(Oi) = R(@i*02) P'=R(o\-+25)'p Composite “Tno- Dimensional —Teamelabions: \ Nee Tox hoy): {Tr rhiy)> Py pwel Fee third ahs Ae? > Composie rsancfoaral'on oe \or : ° “ 10 dy oo C1 byl fo 4 tyfe a O 1 tytte | One DvD OO 7 : Ty bey) Thy ) tig)= T ax thy, Ly + jaaao . Compeste Wwo- Dimenstoncul Seohons : *GoXr O Sax D 0 gx 0 O i Sars b © sy o|'|o ay o |” VY 0 © 5» yflo vo '\J L? \ (Sx ' Soy): SGix Sy) = S(Six*Sox y"S4 Genesal —Kwo- Dimensional Pret - Porat Raabe, I rho ® . @ @) epiginal postion Toonclation 4 Rotakiony “Teaneleliony O “obje’™ Objet So that ook cobra sot, Suck “Pot Wok point 5 i pivot Po nk NG . at Oxigin the Huck Oxiq\ny pon is nsehued 4 Paitions,, —> Gonposttion Lsanefiremation matsix \ © Xs] Foos® -sine o Il O -Xx« ( : \ |e co | : Yolo ' Coy oD | oo |. 2 cos? SING Xx Ci-cose)+Yssine | ° sind COSQ. SY (1-Cose)—>% Sing 2 8 ‘ whidy an be expre sed , 105 Ys) REO) TEx) = RGe, 45:9) whese TV Cts: —4p) = Ge yy) ae2 “Wwo- Dimensional Ted - = Paint Scaling frat G . on 3 Ore, ogi ojec ee 4 eel mn Qe Pant, FO O89 Bad Pow Carp) 8 ol Ts Polusne Osiain ‘ +p position i) Concateraing the mabsices of Med 4Ansee opesaions pooduces We Bequtsed Salt Ww nabsi X 5 0 AP Sx 0 0 9 |- 4 Yp |" sy o\"|o |) -Y¥~ |: Oil p ; ayo oe 4. ex 0 xp(\-gs) : 8 e684) D he, e S6x, S4)- “TEx, “4 - Se, Yp Sxy Sy). Genesal “Two-Dimensional Gmposite —Teand yomali and _ Gornputakional Etfciercy > { wo - dimensional bsansfoemalion Bepwecking ony Ambination of Leonsleions, ~ockokions , 4 ccclingg , Can be expressed ay x wx BY Aw x ue |= wSyx 6S 4g LsSy ae ) 0 oO \ \= Vas dyy RGeye0) * SG Yes Sx, %y) _ | SCS® Sy Cine xc (I- Sx Cos8)+ YeSySin9 4 ~ | Sscstne syCose Ye (- Sycose) ~ Le, Shy : ° 0 4 7 -> fithough the obove mabkste wequives mine rnuldiplications ond = ste additions th expect L Golculokios os the beans foome, Gosdinales are us wevsyyt He SSouy + tysx , Ya BSE TY hy 4 be > These -sctaktan Glevlations org y | ° = <-Ysine, y! = xstng + y Obes “Two- Dimenstonal “TennePostmationg Two Fach -boonsfosmalons 1» Refledion “and 2 Shears RePlection ‘KA Laaneforsmabion hal ody QA Wrosos of on okfec is allied a “wel ec * Reflection about the ltne y=o Che x ax) ‘6 accomplished with he bonsfhosmatien Mm 1 1 0 0 QO =) 6) Oo o \ x this -teansfosmadion ~seloting x “Mps" the y \plues of posthong . Values ' bud Coos \ TaleoS oe ip both the =x 4 y coosdtnales 0, point by “seJecting sselative fo an axis KI JO OO o -l ° oo | eos. > fi Angonsfoemelion shal dtchos\ Ne shape fn obec Such that the earsfosmed chape ete appears as th the dljeck usese Composed of intesra| ayes rot hod been Cuused +o slide ovex exc), Cthes is Caled a shaoo tin x- diseckon cheas selatve +o the | produced wth sans Qamation Moakuix : shx 0 7 - ° | wokch LeanshormsConsdinate positions ag 4 x= xtchey ) He | >A unt Squase @) is as {, Paralleloquarn (e) using the x- Artsection ¢, with chy = 2 => . she -Shx Yee} 0 ! 0 O 0 | 5. Now ‘ Hons 2 4s v ) Coosdinale ine Os re WS, ea =x + gh (4 -Yreh) ; yey > fg Msedion sheows ~selolive to thy \wne x =sel., 1 0° oO shy 1 —Shy- Keel, a \ 0 cctyengt tee wax, q=y + shy Gx eh), Ca) Ce) Rostes Methody for Geomelsi bso — Raster sgeme stove | ptchise Wenn => —thesefose , Some simple object ~bocun slAan be Goviled out -6a my boy Ma nipulat ng an ass of prxe\ Voluos J >Tiquee below Wusksoles a -kuo- dimensional A sanclakion lasers ea a Lock “Konehes, do ® ~ lou Pes oxseq, aay In A- 33 lished ex sean \ cere oh ky eas > Hq oe denonderten ee SSO whoiong trol fn be. used Ly “tale 9 pal Bleck bey 90" and by 80° 1 2 3 -— 4H Ss 6 36 49 b 9 a4 Od gs sil bo yt IO ya ' H 4 to So. | @) a) _ &) > Fos Ors5ay ssckolions hat ose not rouliipies ot Av", we need bo do ox CQ pressEE —_ é é é i i — 7 => ke Colos of each deskinakton pixd Ne then assigned accosding -to wk asea gh overlap — wtth —the sailed ptrel OSeag - r == 7 | reed aE TE Tb destinotten 4 | rac roroy yr Pee Ray | | rie tipo -s 4 | ray Ty ‘ gon Ape | 1 --| ! weed TT ° LOPE jb --- : Ge, Yp) = QpenG Raster “Teonsfosmalions : ' > f -eorslebion of 0 weckanguias a Pixel- colos Volues som one lites oman. Uf andes Gn be accomplished in OpenGL oy ~ the following apy opesation : : alopsPisde Cento, onta RA Tetghh “Glee >A Klock oF RGB Glos yalues PEL Can be Saved in on assay uth the Ra ___SE-ONS# 4 ve _ BYTE Colosftsoay) —> fos the soctex operalions Sree Secivg adss ui PTNOME WE Sek glPixeltoom (ex Sy); . ss “the glMatsixMode woulne te used to + aek che parjection mode which clesiqnales —t the matsi< hok 12 40 be used bs he oe agprojection -bsanshoomation Phe pet the meleiew ak cath th aholernentr |glMabsttMode (G\L~ MODELITE w)*\ rch Aestanates the yxy mode\yieus : +o (eaaeert motets ral 4 Two othes Mocks —Hrok we con ook colt the JaMereix Made | Bundion ase the ferbure mole and the Celos_mode 4 he defowk cosqunsent: Pos he global Dundion fg GL-MoDELwrEW 2 > with -khe, Pellowstng, —fandion , We Ossign the identity moatsix by the Cussent mabstx : ab Loacttdentih, (\ 1 > Pitesnatively , We Can assign okhes voluas ko the clemenls of the molsty = Curssent using \ qlLoad etstckCelemerl it); Code = atMatsixMode (GiL-MoveLVreW); Gfloat eleme fie) : » Glink bs Fos(k=0; kes; k++) elews Lk] = Sloot Ck); ‘ QlLoadMokstxft Celems) ‘ uch peoducg the mah OO WD Bd 18:0 M = | tro S0 4-5 (0 | 30 6-0 \oO I S90 4-0 yg Iso > we an also Concalencte Qa spicified marelx Hh the curser mals as Pollows: AMutiMabeis Glledlennetst)6 7 : = {glMebetxMode(@ - movelvt w): a Loadideo'? O; . qh Mult Mats Celerns M2) ; pa.eqiMudradsis? (2ersM) ; } Mi: pooduces —\he Po\lowsting Cussent model vie | morsels ‘ Sh Me Mo¥M [ood - Dimensioral Niewing Pipeline Atenenstonal Scene A selecion of ao -two- D we is selecled Bors Atepay \S called Q chipping Window > Sometimes the clipping, window fs allude do as the wosld window () Viewing inde: —> we oct consides only seclangul ars Mewpads 4 Clipping windows , as Mlushated in Fique Crereg So XWrvin, Wing Onin XVynr World Coosctinabe, \Tteumost Cocks - See weal Covsclt 5 the mapping of o -bu0- cimens) Coosdinate vee dlescsiption a ae coos Coosdinales 19 called a “uso. Dimenetonal yiewsing _bransformetion To eeSwe can decastbe the steps Lg two- Aimendional Viewing as Wdicaled iw Wy Constouck wosld - Coosdina Scene using modeling - Codeine Teanstormations Qpenal “Two=Dimenstan al Viewing Fanciong. OpenGit ‘Pacjedtion Mode 7 Fandion + alMatsixMode(GL_PR osectzon) 7 swe can also sek -the {ni¥altetion os So oe a -bwo- dimendonal clipptng Window , we Can use +h. GLU function Ql Osthoad(x urge 1 2 man 140th gone) > Open \tewpoct Function, > we Speatly he Viewpost pasarelens with the Opena function : q\Vie at Veen YVonin Vpliath upbetghs ane & yvonin specify the position ol the lowerlel! cosners I VeWwiath 4 Upteicht ose pixel wid 4hetqht ot he Viewpoint Win = kann + vphidth ) YVinax = YVmin + vpteight —=> QiGekIrteqesy (GL-VEEWPORT whens whese, ApAesay js > ingle ~ Sul aan Rous - element asstery Geeoking a AQWT Disploy Widow swe Bsc need +o inikolix GLoy ohh he folowing ancien: ‘abate \glutlat(¢arege , ogy) 1s gludlotthkndowPasition (xTepld , UToplelt) ; > ives the integer , Seseen= Coowdiinate Pod tos the bop-lekt Cosnes of the - ass) Window and Chéosing te climensing 43 ‘position selakive to the op -lehk Comes the Scseen ' &- qilolindowSize Cduwloidth , debt i) : swe choose ao width 4 hetg ht 2 See Meploy usndow 9 posttive Toleqes Pixel mensions 3 glukGealeWindow (Re of Dioplay hFindow") > Getes the clispoy windour, with the Specthed ste ard sim, ¢ OsSiqns fie, atthoudh tthe use of the tetle algo copers on the Winelorstng System Gebiing the GLUT “Display Windows Mole 4 ca {+ qlutInd DieplayMode (rode) - o> qhTnd DtepayMote (GUT. sangte | cum pgp) a+ a(ClecraColos(ved , qoeen, \blua , alpha +he qlCleaslndex (tncler \ ALOT Deeplay- Window Tclenkifies uncon usndosl = QukGsealelWindous(*f display Yeleting a GLY Diep Sndow winew aikDechsoy Window (™ windows) Gasser GLUT Deply Window we seled uth the Pollouj a i altSelWindan C WindoustDd) “ ice => +t cisploy Cxesen window + CussentWandowrD = aluiGel Window! ). Sdecting a Deploy ~ Windus Suseen — Crsse} Sheet i gluiSekCusses (Shape) ‘ cohese , chape = Can —> GLUT CuRSoR- YP- POwNn 5 GUUT_ copSOR —OACLE + fr ckating cmssow Ty Chosen J Oy up-down aTsow > GIT CoRSR. WATT. Q twordclwatch chape > G\T_ CORSOR- DESTROY, a Skull 4 Cocechony