itll Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires Using Incandescent Filament and High Intensity Discharge Lamps r Prepared by the IESNA Testing Procedures CommitteeTESNA LM-31 95 MM 4704580 OCOO4OS 976 mm IESNALM.31-95, Copyright 1995 by the liluminating Engineering Society of North America. Approved by the IESNA Board of Directors, October 1, 1995, as a Transaction of the Iiluminating Engineering Society of North America. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in any electronic retrieval ‘system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the IESNA. Published by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 120 Wal! Street, 17th Floor, New York, New York 10008. JESNA Standards and Guides are developed through committee consensus and produced by the IESNA Office in New York, Careful attention is given to style and accuracy. If any errors are noted in this docu- ment, please forward them to Rita Harrold, Director of Educational and Technical Development, at the address above for verification and correction. The /ESNA welcomes and urges feedback and comments. Printed in the United States of America ISBN # 0-87995-120-6ee Reeee 1 we SERS Bee Be ae IESNA LM-31-95 IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires Using Incandescent Filament and High Intensity Discharge Lamps Prepared by the Photometry of Outdoor Luminaires Subcommittee of the IESNA Testing Procedures CommitteeA ee en Ee ee IESNA LM31-95 IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires Using Incandescent Filament and High Intensity Discharge Lamps Propared by the Photometry of Outdoor Luminaires Subcommittee of the IESNA Testing Procedures Committee IESNA Testing Procedures Committee Donald Smith, Chair J. Aran . Horan’ Nock Layers Horn gar H Oekers H. Bachman D-Husby7 ¥-Ohno 7. Baliman* ¥. Jones M. Sante F Barthel” D Kattay J. Beerman kim 8. Benson”™ 4 Langtnorn i K. Seat R.Borgn ©. Lats Bi. Sioterbock 6G. Borwalet* K.Leadtord G Spears" T. Bui B Levin R. Speck H.Crong | Lowint L Stators 4J.Clegg HH Lnskey* Coline Loch E Crako Ritow Dan SS. McKnight? .Damot 0. MeSparran R. Vandercook* H. Dormer ©. Menz™ Water W, Dorman" E Meyer 7 Yanvaus R Moore J Zhang D, Munson Photometry of Outdoor Luminaires Subcommittee Speck, Char J. rons ©. Latsis F. Baro © Loch 8 Benson SS MeKright Ran 5 Moore 4 Damat R Minson Drake" Fi Vandercookt W.Dormant* 8 Howell Huby ‘Advisory Member J: Langthom i ‘Honorary MemberFOREWORD ts approved metnod is a revision of and replace. ant for the LM-31-88, JESNA Approved Method +r Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires.' 2@ also LM-10-83, IESNA Approved Method for hotometric Testing of Outdoor Fluorescent uminaires2 This guide does not cover testing ot rminaives using low pressure sodium lamps, 7.0 OBJECTIVE the objective of this quids is to provide test proce- ures and methods of reporting data that will pro- mote the uniform evaluation of the photometric performance of roadway luminaires using mercury, metal halide, high pressure sodium, of incandes- cent filament famps. Low pressure sodium lamps are exciuded because @ consensus tor proper testing mettiods could not be reached. 2.0 SELECTION OF LUMINAIRES Luminaires selected for testing shal be represen tative of the manulacturer’s typical product Prototype luminaires should be clearly identified in all reports. It is racommended that random sam- ples of the product far testing be taken trom a pro- ‘duction tot sample. 9.0 TEST OF APPARATUS: 34 Test lamps Test lamps shall be selected for close conferma- tion to the lamp manulacturer's design dimensions and constuction, and shal) be seasoned in accor- dance with LM-54-91, JESNA Guide to Lamp Seasoning Stable performance is of primary importance Filament lamps shall operate at a constant current corresponding to approximately 75 percent of rated lumen output, High intensity discharge lamps (HID) shall be controlled by holding lamp wattage constant at nominal lamp rating. IESNA LM31-49 3.2 Gonlophotometrle Equipment 321 Photodetectors Photodelectors shall be selected and checked to determine that spectral response, tinearity, and fatigue characteristics are within the range of vak es required in the test. Silicon detectors are preferable 10 selenium detectors because Of their superior tinearity characteristics. 222 _Calbration Tolerances Photometric equipment shall be calibrated throughout the entire usable scale. Individual read- ings shall be reproducible within a tolerance of + 2 ‘percent of the light reading. Angular settings shall be reproducible within + 0.25 degree. It should be Noted that a tolerance of + 2 percent cannot be expected at a given angie without taking into account the angular tolerance. 223 LampiLuminaire Positioning Provisions shail be made for correct optical posi: tioning of the bare lamp ar luminaire in relation to the photometric axis. Provisions shall be made tor conect (umindus intensity measurements at any ‘angular Setting in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Spinning HID lamps during any portion of thig test procedure is not recommended. See Section 4.2 for correct orientation of lamps during calibration and testing, 324 TestDistance A distance of eight to ten meters (26 to 33 feet} should be sufficient for any beam forming luminaire, Photometric test distance is defined as the distance trom the goniometer center fo the surface of the Photorecentor, taking info account the distance to and from any mitror or mirors that might be used. 328 Stray Light Precautions shai! be taken to plirainate stray or extraneous light from the test setup by the use of adequate shielding and batting. 9.9 Electrical Requirements. 33.1 Regulation of Power Supply current or voltage shall not vary more than +0.5 petcent during the test. 33.2 Wave Form of he Supply ‘The ac power supoW shall be Such that the square soot of the summation Of the squares of the harmonic. ocm- ‘ponents does net 6x09e0 3 percent of ihe fundamentalSNA LM.31-95 3.83 Instrumentation’s When using digital or analog equipment, the range shall be selected $0 that the mid-to-maximum por- tion of the range is used for any specific measure- ment. Since gaseous discharge lamps might have seriously distorted wave shapes, ac instruments {voltage and amperage) shall be selected which fespond to true foot mean square (rms) values. Waltage instruments shall indicate true average: Instruments whose scales are calibrated in ms values but whose deflections or readings depend upon average of peak values must not be used. Instruments shall Nave good reproducibility of indi- cation. Large scale deflection of non-digital equip- ment is recommended for the conditions under which they ate used. Lamp current or wattage, depending upon the type of light source, shal! be checked with @ calibrated instrument that has a Jeproducibibly of + 0.25 percent, Instruments shall also be free trom frictional, heating, and enviran- mental errors, 4.0 TEST PROCEQURE 41 Photometric Calibration Calibration relates the light output of test lamps to an assigned lumen value. If the luminaire is to be sold with a specific manufacturer's famp, initiat rated (umens given by the manufacturer may be usad if available. 1 an HID lamp is 10 be operaled hotizontally. the known lumen rating shall be used, If an average of various manutacturers' listings is, desired, refer to the current edition of the IESNA Lighting Handbook® (vaiues ate updated with each new edition). it is recommended that photo- meiri¢ testing be in accosdance with the rated lumens of the particular type of test lamp, and that @ correction table be provided in the test report that adjusts for differences in manufacturers’ famp lumens, 4.1.1 Relative Method From a practical standpoint, the relative method is desirable because a calibrated photometric retet- ence is not necessary. Final candlepower values: for the test lamp are the published assigned ‘umens, 4.1.1.1 Vertically Mounted Lamps. A test lamp’s average relative luminous intensity (candlepower) shall be determined by summation of measured luminous intensity vaives at each angular setting in ot tess than ten half-planes (and prelerably a greater number) spaced equally about the longitu- dinal lamp center. Relative lumen output of the fost famp alone is obtained by the summation process using zonal constants as referenced in Annex A. 4.1.1.2 Horizontally Mounted HID Lamps, HID lamps shall be calibrated in their end-use position within the luminaire. The lamp must be positioned about its longitudinal axis to agree with its position in the iuminaire to be anatometered. A minimum of eighteen hall-planes (preferably a greater number) shall be taken to accurately describe the luminous, intensity distribution of a horizantally mounted lamp. 4.1.1.3 Luminaire, Relative luminaus intensity readings of the Jampyluminaire combination shall be made with the test lamp operating electrically and mechanically as it was during the lamp call- bration, All luminous intensity readings shall be corracted in proportion (0 the assigned iumens at the test tamp. This is accomplished by multiplying the measuted luminous intensity by the ratio of the assigned lamp lumens to the relative lamp lumens, For the selection of angles for luminaire photomet- ic measurements, see Section 5, 4.12 Absolute Method Jn the absolute method, both the test lamp and photometer shall be calibrated against photomat- fic standards, Luminous flux and luminous intensi- ly standards are from light sources that have been Calibrated by a recognized standardizing taborato- ty where luminous Hux output and/or Juminovs Intensily in a given direction are established The test lamp shall be calibrated in an integrating enclosure under the same electrical operating conditions as those used in testing the tuminaire. The selected current, wattage, oF voltage shall be 1neld constant throughout the test ‘The photometer shall be calibrated against iumi- ‘ous intensity standards. The luminaire’s luminous, intensity distribution shat! be read with a calibrated test lamp ina calibrated photomettic range. !n the case of an incandescent test lamp, where the lamp is operated at approximately 75 percent ofits actual lumens, all photometric readings shall be corrected to the actual candiapower and lumens of the test lamp wen operated at is rated voltage. 4.4.3 Spacia! Photemater Calibration 1131 is desired to provide photometric data for per-formance of a luminaire using a specific ballast and lamp, the factor referenced in the Second item of Section 7.3 must be obtained and entered into the calibration, The report shall include the ballast. information. Calibration of HID tarps shalt be performed in cel- atively draft free air at an ambient temperature of 25°C (77F) + 5°C (+ 9'F), The lamp shall be oper- ated in the position recommended by the manu- facturer and with the appropriate ballast. The lamp may then be photometered to obtain lumen values, by either the relative or the direct absolute method. Photometry of the luminaire shall then be per- formed with the lama in the same orientation as during lamp calibration and holding the rated lamp wattage constant. Care shall be exercised to be sure photometric stability is reached before any ata is taken, 42 Luminaire Positioning The lurninaite must be properly positioned on the goniometer to obtain correct luminous intensity distribution measurements at specific vertical angles. ‘There are two general cases that might be consid- ered (1) If the light center of the test lamp (if more than one lamp, the geometric center of the Jarp {ight centers) is below the reflector opening or plane of the major light emitting opening, the luminaire shall be mounted on the goniometer so that the light ‘center of the lamp is at the goniometer center. An ‘example of this case would be a dusk-to-dawn refractor unit (2) the fight center of the test lamp is above the reflector opening or the plane of the major light center af the reflector opening the luminaire shall be mounted so that the plane of the major light emitting opening coincides with the goniometer center. 4.21. Luminaires With Incandescent Filament Lamps The practice of rotating incandescent filament lamps could produce erroneous results; therefore, itis not recommended. For lamps with a ring-type filament, the lamp shall bbe placed so that the open end of the filament is toward the stroat. IESNA LM<31-95 For lamps with a plane-type filament, the plane of the lamp filament shall be placed vertically. 42.2 Luminaires With HID Lamps For vertically mounted lamps, the lamp support rods shall lie in the O- to 180-degree piane. If there is only one support rod, it shall be located toward the house side For horizontally mounted lamps, the lamp support rods shail lie in the vertical plane. If there is only one support rod, it shall be located toward the zenith. Metal halide lamps having straight arc tubes shall be oriented with the exhaust tip toward zenith. It is recommended that whenever high pressure sodium lamps (HPS) are tested within luminaire that the voltage rise experienced by the lamp be reported and that 2 determination be made as to its proper operation within ANS! standards.” 4,3 Cleaning of Optical Parts All glass, reflectors, and optical parts should be thoroughly cleaned before any measurements are made, unless the purpose of the test is 10 deter- mine the affect of the dirt on the luminaire 5.0 SELECTION OF ANGLES FOR PHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS 5.1 General The number of planes explored shall be deter- mined by symmatry or asymmetry of the distibu- tion. The number of vertical angles at which the readings are taken will depend on tho rate of change in the distribution of the luminaire's lumi- nous intensity. The general rule 16 that sufficient data shall be taken to accurately define the lumi- naire’s distribution, When an isocandela diagram is to be plotted, readings might have to be taken at closer inter- vals, especially if values are changing rapidly. For computing and plotting of isolux diagrams, read- ings are usually taken at predetermined vertical angles. (See Annex B.) Angular relationships shall be considered as follows: Vertically: Zero degrees at nadir, 90 degrees at horizontal, and 180 degrees at zenith.JESNA LAWS 1S OY PUNSOU UUUNU PY beh IESNA LM 31-98 Laterally: Measured counterclockwise, viewing the tuminaire from above at zero degrees at right angles to the curb toward the street side. Ninety degrees parallel to @ curb line: 180 degrees at Tight angles to the curb toward the house side; 270 ‘degrees parallel to a curb line. In order to create @ vertical luminous intensity trace, readings are normatly taken in ten degree increments. When rapid changes in the vertical candlepower trace occur near the peak of the dis- tribution (significantly affecting the veiling lumi- nance values), it is recommended that as the dis- tribution approaches the angle of maximum lumi- ‘nous intensity, the vertical separation of reading points be reduced to one-degree imervals. Luminous intensity changes of less than ten per- cent between the one degree increments, could indicate a return to a larger measuring increment such as the region above the vertical maximum Juminous intensity position. For identifying the position for maximum and mini- ‘mum pavement luminance, it wil be necessary 10 use an r Tables For identifying the maximum veiling luminance for the system, itis recommended that the point of max- imum luminous intensity be located and reported. Units With IESNA Types |, Il, Il Four-Way, Ill, and IV Distribution For luminaires having a photometric distribution that is symmetric about a single vertical plane, readings may be taken in vertical ofanes that are ten degrees apart (See Figure 1 through Figure 3), It might be necessary to take adcitional planes ‘of data in the region of the main beam or where the distribution is changing rapidly. Because of the method used in data processing, it might be advantageous to laterally divide the distribution of the luminaire into ten degree zones and measure at the midzone angles. 52 Figure 1. IESNA Types II, lil, |V and Type J! 4-way distribution. HOUSE SIDE HOUSE SIDE 180 225 180 270 90 ° STREET SIDE 135 270 0 STREET SIDE ‘Angles for photometric measurements for units with one plane of symmetry (0-180), Readings may be taken in vertical planes at the flowing lateral angles for a total of 21 luminous intensity (candlepower) dstibution curves (19 averaged ‘and at two direct readings) ° 90-270 5-355 95-265 16-345 105-255 25-335 115-245 35-325 125-235, 45-315 135-225 55-305 145-215 65-235 195-205 75-285 165-195 85-275 175-105 180 A 45-degree shit of the reference line is made when reporting data for the ‘4-way distribution; either datted line may be either parallel or perpendicu- lar tothe curb line. Arrows indicate lateral locations of main beams.as Se ae Se ee SSeS ee ee JESNA LM.31-95 Figure 2. IESNA Type | distribution: angles for ohotometric measurements for units with planes of symmetry (0-180 and 90-270). Readings may be taken in vertical planes at the following, Lateral angles for a total of 11 averaged distribution curves. HOUSE SIDE 180 io 1eD 5-175-185-365 15-165-195-345, 25-155-205-335 35-145-215-325 270 REF} LINE 90 45-195-205-315 55-125-296-905 65-115-245-295 75-105-255-285 85-95-265-275 oO 90-270 STREET SIDE Figure 3. IESNA Type | 4-way distribution: Angles for photomatric measurements for units with four planes of symmetry (0-180, 45-225, 90-270, 135-315). Readings may be taken in vertical planes at the following lateral anglas for a tota! of six averaged luminous intensity (candlepower) distribution curves. HOUSE SIDE 180 0-90-180-270 5-85-95-175-185-265-275-355 REF] LINE 15-75-105-165~1 95-255-285-345 270 90 25-65-115-165-205-245-295-335 95-65-125-145-215-295-305-325 45-135-225-315, 0 STREET SIDEIESNA LM-31-95 Averages may be made of the values taken at cor- responding angles on the opposite sides of the plane of symmetry. Any computations that are to bbe performed may then be computed on one side of the plane of symmetry 5.3 Units With IESNA Type V Distribution For luminaires having a distribution that is symmet- ric about the vertical axis, readings may be taken in ten or more vertical planes and then averaged {for equal vertical angles. 5.4 — Luminaires With Asymmetric Distribution For luminaires having asymmetric distributions, (unidirectional), readings may be taken in vertical lanes that are ten degrees apart. It might be nec- essaty to take additional planes of data in the region of the main beam or where the distribution is changing rapidly. Since tere is no symmetry. any computations performed should be computed, without averaging 6.0 PHOTOMETRIC DATA PROCESSING 6.1 Isocandela Diagram To classiy the light distribution of tne roadway luminaire in accordance with the American ‘National Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting.® at least a maximum candela point and a one-half maximum candela trace are required. 62 _|soilluminance Diagram An isoilluminance diagram of horizontal illumi- nance shall be shown on a horizontal plane. This lane shall have a width of at least four times the mounting height on the street side of the reference line; at least twice the mounting height on the house side; and a length of five times the mounting height parallel to the reference line. See Annex B for @ discussion of mathematical manipulation. It is recommended that enough isolines be shown so a8 to minimize the amount of interpolation needed, ‘A numbering system such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 20, 5.0 etc., generally yields unitorm diagrams. isoluminance Diagram ‘An isolurinance diagram of pavement luminanco® for a particular pavement (i¢., R3) shall be shown with reference to an observer (1.45 meters or 4.75 feet high) observing the pavement al a one degree 6 79 aay aro dom es ee a: a oe oe downward gaze, in line with the curb line. The area reported should be as shown, § MH (mounting height) street side, 3 MH house side, 8 MH upstream, and 6 MH downstream. For hand calcu- lation, a luminance yield curve for luminance should be illustrated, The maximum luminance value shall be shown as a specific point and quan- tity. It is recommended that enough isolines be shown 50 as to minimize the amount of interpola. tion needed. A numbering system such as 0.1, 0.2, 05, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, etc., generally yields uniform dia- ‘grams. Where interpolation is needed, it is recom- ‘mended that a straight line method be used. 64 Utilization Efficiency A pair of curves representing street- and house- side utiizetion of the emitted flux shall be plotted These curves indicate the percentage of flux falling on the area in front of the luminaire (street side) and behind the luminaire (house side). Both areas are strip-like of infinite length, with widths expressed as a ratio of width to mounting height. Coefficients of utilization for areas having widths of at least four times the mounting height for the street side and two times the mounting height for the house side shall be reported, The curves shall be marked as Street Side and House Side. A simi- lar approach can be used when developing ultliza- tion curves for four-way distributions. Utilzed effi ciencies may be calculated trom the reference line and curves plotted and labeled as either Main Street or intersecting Street. Methods for cemput- ing utilization of luminous flux may be found in ‘Annex C. 6.5 Total and Four Quadrant Efficiencies. Total efficiency of the luminaire is calculated ty summing the lumens in all areas, and dividing by the lumen rating of the lamp. As an independent check, luminaire efficiency may be measured in an integrating enclosure. Total light output expressed in percentage of lumen rating on the lamp shall be subdivided into four sections or sectors of a sphere surrounding the luminaire as follows: (1) Downward light on street side (2) Upward light on street side (3) Downward light on house side (4) Upward ight on house side 7.0 TEST REPORT 7A General Test results shall include the luminaire description,amp description, and photometer data as equired, 1. Luminaire Description: A Manufacturer's Name 8 Catalog number andlor adequate descrip- tion to identity (1) Bimensions to give a general idea of size @) Light center focation, ¢.g., dimensions and socke! setting ©. Other essential information such as auxiliary ‘ellecting devices 0. Goniometer center focation with respect to the Juminaire Il. Lamp Description. A. ANSHamp type (service and designation) B. Ratings in watts, volts and lamp lumens, ©. Envelope shaps and base type ©. Filament construction and ignt center length Ill, Photometer Data: Test distance (light path dis- tance trom goniometer center to photoreceptor). 72 Other Data A routine photometric report shall include (1) Classification af fight distribution in accordance with the latest ANSI/IESNA Recommended Practice ® (2)An isoilluminance diagram as outlined in Section 6.2. included with this should be a Table of Conversion Factors for mounting heights other than the height that was used [0 compile the isoilluminance diagram. Conversion factor can be determined using the formula found in Annex E TESINA Lins vow (2) Ullization efficiency (yield curve) as outlined in Section 6.4 (4) Total and four-quadrant efficiencies may be reported. See Section 6.5. (8)If a curve oF a table of values for relative light ‘output versus line voltage (see the second item in Section 7.3) is not included in any report, a definite statement should be made to the eftect that the data is prorated so that the tamp appears to be delivering a specitiad number of lumens. (6) A table of luminous intensity values (|-table) 7.3 Optional Information Optional information that may be included in a photometric report: (DA complete isocandela diagram trom which any of the present-day evaluations of a lumi- naite can be calculated (2) hen a iuminaire uses a ballast and tamp com- bination, a curve OF table of relative light ourput vetsus line voltage may be referenced or Teported. This may be referred to as the prima- ty valtage-lumen correction curve. (3) A statement may be made which would com- pare the input voltage range with a relative light output range for a particular kind of paliast angior lamp combination. This could be & statement of fact or a rectilinear curve expres- sion (4) An isolurminance diagram as outlined in Section 6.3. Included should be a table of conversion factors for mounting heights, as well as a defin- ition of what type of pavernent is illustrated, {5)Complete candiopower distribution data in IESNA standard format on a computer diskette?IESNA LM-31-95 ANNEX A Zonal Constants for Conversion Zonal Constants are used for the conversion of Candelas into lumens for readings taken on a type A goniometer. Constants may be used 10 calcu- late the test lamp’s relative lumen output. There are other ways of performing the calculation: one way is by using Russell angies."""? Except where Russell angles are used, the light value shall be measured at the midpoint of its zone. ‘These constants may also be used to calculate the lumens in any sector and thus the total lumens, from a luminaire. Care should be taken to choose areas small enough to approach integration." 8 et HERTS, UNITS ASE oe By mutipying the luminous intensity values found in each plane of measurement by the appropriate constants, lumens for the corresponding segment of each zone are obtained. Addition of all lumen values corresponding to a given vertical angle of measurement will supply the lumens in the total zone represented 2.'#15 For computer calculation, the zonal constants can be expressed by the formula Ka -2xkc086-cos6) Number of Lateral 20763 Where 6: and @2 are vertical angles (in degrees) bouriding the angular zone, and the denominator is 360 degrees divided by the width of the lateral zone in degreesLESNA LI ANNEX B Procedure for Computing Isoilluminance Curves The procedure for computing isoilluminance curves is as follows: (1) Calculate horizontal iluminanoe values for a series of vertical angles for each lateral angle through which a vertical candlepower distribu- tion curve has been taken. Typically vertical angles are taken in five-dagree increments from nadir to 60 degrees, in two-and-a-hali-degree increments from 60 to 89 degrees, and in one- degree increments trom 80 to 86 degrees. Horizontal illuminance produced by a luminaire at angles above 86 degrees is generally insignit cant. Horizontal illuminance can be expressed by the formula * 8) where: lg = candlepower at a vertical angle of @ degrees MH = mounting height of the luminaire "3h 13 BN CUNSOU UUUNUE 753 IESNALM31-95, (2) Piot horizontal illuminance values versus the tangent of the vertical angle. This may be comput- 0 on semilog paper or on rectangular coordinate paper if the coordinate (horizontal iluminance val- ues) scale is changed each time that value goes below one-tenth full scale value. (3) The isoilluminance diagram has as its scale ratio of distance to mounting height, which is the tangent of the vertical angle. Radial lines may be drawn on the chart representing the intersection of the vertical planes through which candlepower val- wes ate recorded. Then, trom the horizontal ilumi- nance values versus tangent curves, desired hori- zontal illuminance values may be selected. plot- ted, and then values of equal illuminance may be joined by a smooth curve to form the isoilumi- nance diagram.’?.8 (4) Other suggested methods incorporate auto- matic recording, 182021 (5) There are several computer graphical pro- grams available that will facilitate the construction of isolluminance diagrams following the general methodology described above. The input for these programs is a complete candlepower distribution array provided in standard IESNA format ®IESNA LM-31-95, ANNEX C Computing Utilization Efficiency There are several ways of computing utilization efficiency. '*"8.18282122 Zonal lumens shalh be cal- culated from the candlepower deta, See Annex A. Table C1 will be of use in conjunction with References 14, 16 and 22. Corresponding zonal lumens should be multiplied by these factors. A two-step method not covered in the references, is as follows: Step 1. On the iscilluminance diagram lay off squares whose sides are 0.5 MH by 0.5 MH or smaller. At the center of these squares read the hori- zontal illuminance value. Lumens in any square may then be calculated for the fundamental equation: Lumens = Average lux (looteandles) x Area where: Average lux (lootcandles) = the horizontal value at the center of the area ‘Area = the square of one-half the mounting height Step 2. Lumens in the square may then be summed in successive strips parallel to the curb ling, divided by the lumen rating used for the test lamp, and a plot of utilization versus transverse distance divided by mounting neight may be made. It should be noted that if isoilluminance lines are shown tor only one side of the axis of symmetry, utilized lumen strips will double TABLE C1—Zonal Utilization Factors Vertical Anges 5 182535 58S SSS Ratio 05" 5 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ef Py yl 2% 06 oF 09 % 00 00 of Of O09 45 00 «600 «018 55 00 01 08 65 00 04 75 { 00 07 85 00 07 Rato 10" Ss 10 19 10 i0 10 10 10 10 10 15 25 35 4 05 08 OF 6 00 OO oO ot 05 08 65 | 00 00 «601 06 75 00 00 08 85 | | oo 9 90 Os Ratio 20" 5 1 19 10 16 46 10 10 10 10 18 25 36 46 55 6 03 o4 06 08 7 00 00 00 a 00 00 oo 801 404 608 oo 00 aad 00 08 oF (continued nex page)eA, Ae Se eee CU Us IESNA LW-31-05 TABLE C1—Zonal Utilization Factors (continued) Vertical Angles 5 15 2595 M5 85S Ratio 3.0" 5 10 19 10 10 19 10 10 10 10 15 | % 35 45 55 6 7% Of 02 08 05 o7 089 & 00 00 00 00 00 09 02 05 08 Ratio 40" 5 10 10 10 10 40 10 10 10 10 15 i 5 38 45 55 6 7% 08 06 o7 89 8 00 00 99 00 00 02 04 06 09 Ratio 50° 5 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 15 8 6 45 55 65 7% 08 = 08 8% 00 00 00 of 02 08 05 OF 089 “Lateral distance across the street to mounting height (MH). 1IESNA LM-31-95 ANNEX D Use of Computers and IESNA Standard Format There are a variety of computer programs available that have been written to perform the calculations and create the photometric reports outined in this Testing procedure such as the isollluminance dia- {grams and utilization curves. Theit usage is recom- mended as a more efficient and effective method for generating photometric reports for roadway luminaires. The basis for these programs is the candlepower distribution data of the luminaire pre- sented in an IESNA standard format.®TESA LASS) 15 Se PUNSbU UUUSUSS 564 oe ANNEX E Mounting Height Conversion Factors Isoilluminance diagrams are calculated for a spe- cific mounting height (MH). Occasionally itis nec essary to convert the data to a different MH for a specific application. The conversion factor can be expressed by the formula: =(Wtlsoituminance Diagram)? = ‘MH of Application Since distances in isoilluminance diagrams are generally represented in terms of mounting heights, when a conversion is made the distances are now in terms of the new mounting height IESNA LM-31-05 13~IESNA LM-31-95 References 1.IESNA Committee on Testing Procedures, “IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Roadway Luminaires,” IESNA LM- 31-88, J. Illum. Eng. Soc., Vol. 20, No. 2, ‘Summer, 1991, p. 133. 2.1ESNA Committee on Testing Procedures, “IESNA Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Outdoor fluorescent Luminaires.” IESNA LM-10-83, J. Mum. Eng. Soc., Vol. 13, No. 4, July 1984, p.323 3.IESNA Committee on Testing Procedures, JESNA Guide to Lamp Seasoning. |ESNA LM- 54-1991, New York: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 1991 4. IESNA Committee on Testing Procedures, “IES General Guide to Photometry,” IESNA LM-6-54, um. Eng. Vol. 50, No. 3, March 1958, No. 4 p. 201, April 1955, p.147. 5.IESNA Committee on Testing Procedures “IESNA Guide for the Selection, Care, and Use of Electrical instruments in the Photometric Laboratory,” IESNA LM-28-1989, J. Mum. Eng. Soc., Vol. 20, No. 2, Summer, 1991, p.150. 6. Rea, MS., ed., /ESNA Lighting Handbook, 81h Eaition, New York: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 1993. 7. American National Standard Methods of Measurement of High Pressure Sodium Lamp Characteristics, ANS! C78.388-1990, New York: American National Standards Institute, 1990 &IESNA Committee on Roadway Lighting, American National Standard Practice for Roaaway Lighting, ANSI/IESNA RP-8- 1983, New York: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 1983 (reaffirmed 1993), 9.1ESNA Computer Committee, IESNA Recom- mended Standard File Format for Electronic. Transfer of Photometric Data, |ESNA LM-63- 1995, New York: Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 1996. 10. Projector, T.H., “The Use of Zonal Constants in the Calculation of Beam Flux trom Candle- 1" 12 13. 14. 16. 16. 7 18. 19, 21 22, — ee eee a power Distribution Data,” illum. Eng., Vol. 48, No. 4, April 1953, p. 189. Walsh, J.W.T., Photometry, Second Edition, Constable and Co., Lid., London, 1953, Chap. 5 Keitz, H.A., Light Calculations and Measuro- ‘ments, London: Cleaver Hume Press, Ltd. 1955, Chap. 4. Toenjes, D.A., "A More Precise Method of Computing Zonal Lumens,” ilium. Eng., Vol. 46, No. 7, July 1951, p. 335. Horton, GA. “Use of High Speed Computing Devices in Photometric Calculations,” slum. Eng, Vol. 49, No. 8, Aug. 1954, p. 403. Pracejus W.G., and Zaar, G-H., “A Lumen Integrator for Semi-Automatic Distribution Photometers,” illum. Eng., Vol. 49, No. 12, Dac. 1954, p. 589. Horton, G.A., Speck, R.C., Zaphyr, P.A., and Wendt, RLE., “Automatic Photometer for Street Lighting and Other Luminaires,” titum. Eng., Vol. 53, No. 11, Nov. 1958, p. 591. Benford, F., “Isocandies,” Trans, Mum. Eng. Soc., Vol. 21, Feb, 1926, p. 129. Mck Gray, S., "A New and Simpler Method for Presentation of Photometric Data of Street Luminaires," Trans. ttum. Eng. Soc., Vol. 2, June 1934, p. 463. Franklin, J.S., “Automated Universal Distribution Photometer,” illum. Eng., Vol. 53, No. 12, Dec. 1958, p. 667 Dean, J.H., "A Graphical Method of Computing Street Lighting tllumination Charts,” lium. Eng., Vol. 37, No. 7, July 1942, p. 417. Dorman, W.H., “A Simpitfied Procedure for Street-Light Luminaire Photometric Data Reduction,” lum. Eng., Vol. 60, No. 7, July 1965, p. 445. Horton, G.A., and Zaphyr, P.A., "Automatic Processing of Photometric Test Data for Streat Lighting Luminaires,” illum. Eng., Vol. 83, No. 6, June 1958, p. 347SERNA 2! ee Se oe Uluminating Engineering Society of North America 120 Wall 17h Floor Now York, NY 10008 ISBN # 0-87995-120-6