1. 1.

DEBATE
2. 2. DEBATE • Formal type of argumentation • Intelligent exchange of points between the
affirmative and negative sides
3. 3. TYPES OF DEBATE There are four types of debates that are most commonly used.
These are as follows:  Lincoln- Douglas- is a kind of debate where there is only one
speaker in the side of the affirmative as well as in the side of the affirmative side opens the
debate then followed by the negative speaker.
4. 4. THE REBUTTAL DEBATE -is a kind of debate where each team from the affirmative and
the negative side is composed of about two or three members. As the debate starts, the
affirmative speaker opens the constructive speech and the negative speaker starts the
rebuttal. Every speaker is allowed to deliver a rebuttal speech. The debate is closed with the
affirmative side delivering the last rebuttal.
5. 5. ONE REBUTTAL TYPE OF DEBATE  is considered as a modified form of the Lincoln-
Douglas type of debate. However in this type of debate, there are about two to three
members in both the affirmative and the negative side. In this debate, all of the speakers
have a chance to refute the argument of the opponent with the exception of the first
affirmative speaker who is given the opportunity to close the debate in his or her rebuttal
speech.
6. 6. OREGON-OXFORD DEBATE  traditional debate format used in elementary, governors
debate, house debate rules, parliamentary debate rules, high school debate, youtube
debate, presidential debate, colleges and all over the country. There are 2 sides in this
format : the Affirmative and the Negative. The Affirmative proves the validity of the issue or
topic called the Proposition while the Negative disproves it. Each team has two speakers and
one scribe. A Debate Moderator enforces the rules to ensure the debate’s smooth conduct.
7. 7. FLOW OF OREGON OFXORD DEBATE THREE SPEAKERS FROM EACH SIDE 1st
speaker affirmative side constructive speech 5 minutes 1st speaker negative side
interpolation 3 minutes 1st speaker negative side constructive speech 5 minutes 1st speaker
affirmative side interpolation 3 minutes 2nd speaker affirmative side constructive speech 5
minutes 2nd speaker negative side interpolation 3 minutes 2nd speaker negative side
constructive speech 5 minute 2nd speaker affirmative side interpolation 3 minutes 3rd
speaker affirmative side constructive speech 5 minutes 3rd speaker negative side
interpolation 3 minutes 3rd speaker negative side constructive speech 5 minutes 3rd speaker
affirmative side interpolation 3 minute 5-minute break speaker negative side rebuttal 5
minutes speaker affirmative side rebuttal 5 minutes
8. 8. In debate Proposition
9. 9. Proposition Topic or issue that is argued upon
10. 10. In exploring Do some interview Utilize the library-it’s Do some ORGANIZED research!
Take down Refer to the notes! web the first source s
11. 11. Parts of an argument
12. 12. REMEMBER! You should arouse the attention of your audience.
13. 13. How? Make them see that the topic is important.
14. 14. How? Show them that the topic is timely.
15. 15. How? Preserve a favorable attitude.
16. 16. REMEMBER! Second aim of intro is to explain the proposition.
17. 17. How? Define all important words. (1st A)
18. 18. How? Set the parameters/ limit of the debate (1st A)
19. 19. How? The whole idea must be clearly explained.
20. 20. How? Present a short but lively history of the topic.
21. 21. REMEMBER! Third aim of intro is to state the ISSUES.
22. 22. UNDERSTAND ISSUES are the questions that when answered, may destroy a side.
23. 23. UNDERSTAND ISSUES are the questions that when answered, may destroy a side.
24. 24. TEST FOR ISSUES  Resolved that the K+12 be implemented in the Philippine
Educational System . (PROPOSITION) • How would the proposition affect the Philippine
Educational System? The students?
25. 25. TEST FOR ISSUES  Resolved that the K+12 be implemented in the Philippine
Educational System. (PROPOSITION) • Is there really a need to implement the proposition?
26. 26. Parts of an argument
27. 27. OPPOSING SIDES
28. 28. AFFIRMATIVE
29. 29. negative
30. 30. Aspects of the debatE(+)
31. 31. Aspects of the debatE(-)
32. 32. NECESSITY
33. 33. beneficiality
34. 34. practicability
35. 35. PARTS of the debatE(+)
36. 36. Constructive speech  presentation of each team member’s arguments and evidence for
each aspect of the case
37. 37. Interpellation  The opportunity for the opposing debater to ask questions regarding the
speech of the
38. 38. Rebuttal  The summary and defense of each team’s arguments and evidence, to be
delivered by the team captain
39. 39. Speaker roles  1A speaker- NECESSITY  1N speaker-NON NECESSITY
40. 40. Speaker roles  2A speaker- BENEFICIALITY  2N speaker-NON BENEFICIALITY
41. 41. Speaker roles  3A speaker- PRACTICABILITY  3N speaker-NON PRACTICABILITY
42. 42. FALLACIES IN DEBATE Fallacy refers to an incorrect argument which results in invalid
or unsound statements. There are different kinds of fallacies but below are the commonly
encountered fallacies in any argumentation.
43. 43. FALLACIES IN DEBATE AD HOMINEM- is the fallacy committed when one party
attacks the character of the other party for the purpose of making the argument of that other
party weak. EXAMPLE: I cannot accept the argument of Capt. Juan Dela Cruz to implement
zero alcohol policy on board since he himself is an alcoholic.
44. 44. POST HOC  Is the fallacy committed when one party considers the fact or situation that
occurred before as the cause of the occurence of another situation without significant basis.
EXAMPLE: I believe that this technical problem occured due to our newly-embarked master.
I am certain, for this problem only occured two days after his embarkmention. He is probably
a bad luck.
45. 45. AD POPULUM  is the fallacy committed when one party attempts to win an argument by
citing that most or a lot of people believe in a certain position, as in bandwagon fallacy.
EXAMPLE: Everybody is drinking on board. I should join them.
46. 46. AD MISERICORDIAM • is the fallacy committed when one party uses an argument that
appeals to pity or related emotion in order to convince and thus influence the other party to
give into will of the former.
47. 47. AD MISERICORDIAM EXAMPLE: I believe we should give him a chance. I know the
problem occurred out of negligence. Yet we need to consider his goodness. He has been
with us for several months and he has been so good to us. He has been helpful to us
somehow. What will happen to him if we will recommend him for repatriation? Anyway,
nobody was hurt in that incident.
48. 48. AD BACULUM • is the fallacy committed when one party uses threat to invoke fear in the
other party and thus persuade the other party to accept the will of the former. However, the
threatening argument used is not directly related to the main issue at hand.
49. 49. AD BACULUM • I know I violated our code of ethics. Yet you need to give me a chance.
Otherwise, I will inform the company about your anomalous activities here onboard.