KT. L4960 2.5A POWER SWITCHING REGULATOR = 2.5A OUTPUT CURRENT = 5.1V TO 40V OPUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE, = PRECISE (+ 2%) ON-CHIP REFERENCE = HIGH SWITCHING FREQUENCY = VERY HIGH EFFICIENCY (UP TO 90%) = VERY FEW EXTERNAL COMPONENTS: = SOFT START = INTERNAL LIMITING CURRENT = THERMAL SHUTDOWN DESCRIPTION The 4960 is a monolithic power switching regulae tor delivering 2.5 ata voltage variable from 5V to 40V in step down configuration. Features of the device include currentlimiting, soft start, thermal protection and 0 to 100% duty cycle for continuous operation mode BLOCK DIAGRAM HEPTAWATT ORDERING NUMBERS. [4960 (Vertical) 1L4Q60H (Horizontal) ‘TheL4960is mounted ina Heptawattplastic power package and requires very few external compo- nents. Efficient operation at switching frequencies up to 4150KHz allows a reduction n the size and cost of external iter components. June 2000L4960 PIN CONNECTION (Top view) ® Ls enced ts pn oureur SOFT siaat OSCILLATOR KD FREQ. COMP. FEEDBACK INPUT input ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol vi__[inputvorage Vi-Vi | Input o output votane afferents ‘Vz__| Negative output DC voltage Parameter Nogative output poak voltage alt= 0 ts; f= 100KHE. Va Ve_[ Vottage at pin 3nd 6 Vp | Votage at pin 2 | Pind sink ourent 1g | Pin 5 source current Por _[ Power dissipation al Ta iT] Junction and storage: PIN FUNCTIONS. 20 is 4010 150 COMPENSATION Ne NAME FUNCTION 1 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Unregulated voltage input. An internal regulator powers th internal logic. 2 FEEDBACK INPUT The feedback terminal of the regulation loop. The output is connected directly to this terminal for 5.1V operation, it connected via a divider for higher voltages. 3 FREQUENCY A sotias RC network connected betwaon this terminal and fround determines the regulation loop gain characteristics 4 GROUND Common ground termina 5 OSCILLATOR parallel RC network connected to ths terminal determines th ssmiching frequency 6 SOFT START Soft start time constant. A capacitor is connected between ths terminal and ground to define the soft start time constent. Ths capacitor also determines the avarage short circuit oulpul current 7 ouTPuT Regulator output 216 oTL4960 ‘THERMAL DATA Symbol Parameter Value | Unit Rosse _| Thermal resistance junction-case max 4 ‘cM Rinjana | Thermal resistance junction ambient max 50 | cw ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Refer to the test circuit, T) = 25 °C, Vi = 35V, unless otherwise specified) symbol Parameter Test Conditions min. | typ. | Max. | unit DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Ve _ | Output voltage range y= aay Vest a |v vi | Inputvotlage range Vo = Vie to 90 9 a fv Ve _| Line regulation OV to 40V_Vo=Vit k= 1A 15 | 50 | mv AV | Load reguiation Vo = Veer 1, =05At0 20 so | a0 | mv Vrei_ | Intomal reference voltage A 5 | si] s2]v (nz) Vist | Average temperature 0°C to 125°C oa mvre ZT | coothcentotreter voltage | y= 1A, Ve _| Dropout vottage b= 28 vaftaltyv lon | Maximum operaingload | v= BV to46y_ os A Ine | current limiting threshoia V to. 48v a as | a nn ra 0 38V tow | Inputaverage current | Vi=40V;_outputshort-crcult 30 | oo | ma | Eftcioncy f= 100KH2 Vo 78 % bo=2A Vo=12V 85 % svR_ | Supply voltage ripple 50 | 90 8 rejection loctn £ | Suitching frequency as | too | 115 | KHz Af | vortage stabity of Wiz av to4ev 05 * Vi | switching froquoncy At | Temperature staiity of | T)= 0° to 125°C, 1 % 27 | switching frequency nex | Maximum operating 120 | 150 Kee, sstching frequency Tea} Thermal shutdown 150 Junction temperature 36L4960 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions min. | Typ. | Max. | Unit DC CHARACTERISTICS ho | Quiescent drain current 100% duty cycle 30 | 40 | ma pins Sand 7 open vis 4ey 0% duty eyote 1 | 2 | ma shu | Output leakage current (0% duty eycle 1 | oma SOFTSTART leso | Source current roo | sao | tao | on leo | Sink current so | 70 | 120 | oa ERROR AMPLIFIER Vou | High level outputvottege 1 = 10028 35 v Va, | Low toveloutputvotiags | ve y= 10088 os | v a | Sink output current too | 150 oA bso | Source output current 100 | 150 oA lz | Inputbies current 2 | wo | a G_] DC open oop gain as | 55 8 OSCILLATOR 15 _| Oscitator soures current 5 mA 416 oTL4960 CIRCUIT OPERATION (roforto the block diagram) The L4960is a monolithicstepdownswitching regu- lator providing outputvoltagesfrom 5.1V to 40V and delivering 2.54. The regulation loop consists of a sawtooth oscilla- tor, error amplifier, comparator and the output stage. An errorsignal is produced by comparing the output voltage with a precise 5.1V on-chip refer- ence (zener zap trimmed to = 2%). This errorsignalis thencompared with thesawtooth signal to generate the fixed frequency pulse width ‘modulated pulses which drive the output stage. The gain and frequency stabil of the loop can be adjusted by an extemal RC network connected to in 3. Closing the loop directly gives an output voltage of 5.1V. Higher voltages are obtained by insertinga voltage divider Output overcurrents at switch on are prevented by the soft start function. The error amplifier output is initially clamped by the extemal capacitor C.s and Figure 1. Soft start waveforms allowed to rise, linearly, as this capacitoris charged by a constant current source. Output overioad pro- tection is provided in the form of a current limiter. The load current is sensed by an internal metal resistor connected to a comparator. When the load ‘current exceeds a preset thresholdthis comparator sets a flip flop which disables the output stage and discharges the soft start capacitor. A second com. parator resets the flip flop when the voltage across the soft start capacitor has fallen to 0.4V. The output stage is thus re-enabled and the output, voltage rises under controlof the soft startnetwork. If the overload condition is stil present the limiter will trigger again when the threshold current is, reached. The average short circuit currentis limited toa safe value by the dead time introduced by the soft start network. The thermal overload circuit dis- ables circuit operation when the junction tempera- ture reaches about 150°C and has hysteresis to prevent unstable conditions. Figure 2. Current limiter waveforms meso Show cvacur eta ee 4L4960 Figure 3. Test and application circuit 66, C7. EKR (ROE), S0zH at 5A(COGEMA 048042) CORE TYPE. MAGNETICS 58206-A2 MPP NP TURNS 45, Wi ‘GAUGE: 0.8mm (20 AWG) Figure 4. Quiescent drain currentvs. supply voltage (0% duty cycle) Figure 5. Quiescent drain Figure 6. Quiescent drain current vs. supply voltage current vs. junction tem- (100% duty cycle) perature (0% duty cycle) T-| — eal | sl TTT Tey ait6 aFigure 7. Quiescent drain current vs. junction tem- Figure 10. Open loop fre- quency and phase responde of error amplifier Figure 13. Switching fre- quency vs. R2(see test circuit) wel oT Figure 8. Reference voltage (pin 2) vs. Vi L4960 Figure 9. Reference voltage versus junction temperature (pin 2) a LEEEE EET] oy Te ePCREREEeT SCT TSS oy Hy | t [ coo oo Pi tTtit ty Figure 11. Switching fre- quency vs, input voltage Figure 14. Line transient response fer soe [en Figure 12. Switching fre- quency vs. junction tem- perature - ae Figure 15. Load transient response 76L4960 Figure 16. Supply voltage ripple rejection vs. frequency Figure 17. Dropout voltage between pi currentat pin 7 1 and pin 7 vs. Figure 18. Dropout between pin 1 an junction temperature voltage d 7 vs. “ vant . ea sos — : | & wo Lt * abt iS “ oo oe f a ott oA " Figure 19. Power dissipation derating curve Figure 20. Efficiency vs. Figure 21. Efficie ney vs. Sutput current utput current Ty] y Sooo t | Prati ans Figure 22. Efficiency vs. output current Figure 23. Efficiency ‘output voltage vs. 4 T aL4960 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 24. Typical application circuit iD) C1, Ce, Gr EKR (ROE) D;. BYW80 OR SA SCHOTTKY DIODE SLIGGESTED INDUCTOR L; = 150cH at 5A CORE TYPE. MAGNETICS 99206 - A2 - MPP. Ne TURNS. 45, WIRE GAUGE: 0 &mm (20 AWG), oho CoGEMA 946042 U1SIGUP1S N° TURNS. 60, WIRE GAUGE 0 8mm (20 AWG), AIR GAP. fmm, COGEMA309051 Figure 25. P.C. board and component layout of the Fig. 24 (1:4 scale) Resistor values for standard output voltages Ve RS Ra 2V, a7K0_| 62K tv 4760 | 9.1Ka 1 47K0 12Ka 2av 4760 18Ka.L4960 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 26. A minimal 5.1V fixed regulator; Very few component are required ag A Hl COGEMAS46042 (TOROID CORE) 1969051 (U15 CORE) J EkR (ROE) Figure 27. Programmable power supply oJ Vp =5.1V to 15V Io= 2.5Amax Load regulation (1Ato 2A) = 10mV (Vo =5.1V) 10116 4L4960 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Figure 28. Microcomputer supply with + 5.1V,-8V, #12V and -12V outputs vieL4960 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Figure 29. DC-DC converter 5.1V/4A, + 12V/2.5A;a suggestion howto synchronizea negative output ri a i now: OGEMA 946042 (969051) wi 946044 (946045) BYWa0 Figure 30. - In multiple supplies several L4960s can be synchronized as shown L496 I = 126 aL4960 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Figure 31. Regulator for distributed supplies Svn1sA rr 01pF HF MOUNTING INSTRUCTION The powerdissipatedin the circuitmustbe removed _and the packageit is betterto inserta layerof silicon by adding an external heatsink. grease, to optimize the thermal contact, no electri- Thanks to the Heptawatt package attaching the cal isolation is needed between the two surfaces. hetsink is very simple, a screw or a compression spring (clip) being sufficient. Between the heatsink Figure 32. Mounting example 4 saeL4960 om inch DIM Tain [ rye. [ Wax. [Min | TYP. [WAX OUTLINE AND x 48 0.189 MECHANICAL DATA c 17 0054 O34 28 [oooe a0 ors 125 Toor 53 Pos ass [ood a0 = [or 097 [0028 0038 = [os 08 [oo 0.031 Fi oe 0.035 [934 | 250 [274 [0005 [0100 fo 105 ei_[aoe [soa 520 [010310700 [0205 ea [742 [752 [7.62 [0205 [0.300 | 0.307 HD 104 0.4097 Hs [1005 10.4 [0396 0.409) Lf 187 [169 [171 | oes? [ones [067s Lt 74.02 0.587 (2_[oiza [ors4 [ores [ose [ose | OweD La] 2297 [9952 [2277 [oer [o.a9i | o.w0e la 129) 0.057 is [26 [28 [ 3 [oi forofors is [ast [iss [798 [oso [oe | o622 tr [6 [63s [66 [0236 [0250 | 0.260 19 02 0008 poss Poe aos Pome for form hit |-483 5.08 15.23 1019010200 Pozo Heptawatt V vi 40° yp De | ses] [aes Lore] Taree L i E i ui F i ro ! s Ue wf cP ierr p i or 2 He Us us E -[E \ n — x3} 41] at | 62 ie - 7 ua He Ls ePranee a 1416L4960 om, m7 Taek MIN. | TYP. [ MAX. | MIN. | TYP. | MAX. OUTLINE AND a 28 0189 MECHANICAL DATA ¢ iar 058 oa 28 [oes] [oro orp 135 fos | [oss = 036 a6 [oor] [ous 06 08 [ooo] fost FA 08 1.036 G_] aa [ase | 207 [oes [orwo] 0105 Gr] aor 508 [521 Yo t63 0200 0705 cz [rae [rer | 16 [0285] 0000307 Ae 704 ato aa [oes ‘oa [oswe| ——[owoo C 7a ca a aa 0473 @ 750 0622 iB at 0201 is [26 sfome> fons test 755 [oxse| [owe as Ge [020 | —]o200 ie Te ons Heptawatt H de | 365 se fom] ore L 4 18116L4960 Information funisheds believed to be accurate andreable. However, STMicroelectroncs assumes noresponsitliy fe the consequences of Use of such informaten ner for any nitegemert of pales cr er ngs cf rd pales which may resul rom fs Use, No leenee fs granted bByimpieaton or atherase under any patentar patent rights of STMitoelecronic, Specfieston mentionedn this publeaion are subject 2 Change witout notoe. Tis pubicalen supersedes and repaces al inoratn prevousiy suppled. STHMIroelecronics products ae Not Suhorzed for use as ciel ompanentsn Me suppol devices or systems wihoul express vten approval of STMcroelecronics “The ST logois a registered trademark of STMicroeleconcs 2000 STWieroelectrones Protein tly ~All Rights Reserved ‘STWroelectronce GROUP OF COMPANIES ‘Ausala- Braz - China Finland. France Germany- Hong Kong - India aly - Japan - Malaysia Malia- Morocco ‘Singapore Span Sweden Swrtzeriand Unted Kingdom USA httpszww.stcom a 16116