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    14 views15 pages

    Oliveira CCS Challenges FCT UNL 2020

    Uploaded by

    yang wang

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Challenges to Carbon Capture and Storage: a B24 Portuguese case-study SRD cacti meceano UN Gisela Marta Oliveira Invited lecturer on the subject ‘Tépicos Avangados em Energia e Bioenergia I’ — taught by Professor Margarida Gongalves - Master course in ‘Energia e Bioenergia’ Departamento de Ciéncias e Tecnologia da Biomassa Faculdade de Ciéncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa May 28", 2020 iP Fundagao Ensino e Cultura "Fernando Pessoa" CCS and CCU are integrated chains of technological processes Utilization Capture Transport of CO, in other of CO, at the of purified CO, to fae eee pete ee Creseasetigey Peace ais Ce) Marcon Regulation: Decree-Law 60/2012 CCS Directive 2009/31/EC See ell on CO, geological storage (CoM serene i] (amended in 24.12.2018) Recoil ey Pee eacaucueus 1x 10° ton CO,/ year Gisela Oliveira International Standards - in force ISO/TR 27912:2016 CO, capture - CO, capture systems, technologies and processes ISO 27913:2016 CO, capture, transportation and geological storage - Pipeline transportation systems ISO 27914:2017 co, capture, transportation and geological storage - Geological storage ISO/TR 27915:2017 CO, capture, transportation and geological storage - Quantification and verification ISO 27916:2019 CO, capture, transportation and geological storage - CO, storage using enhanced oil recovery (CO,-EOR) ISO 27917:2017 CO, capture, transportation and geological storage - Vocabulary - Cross cutting terms ISO/TR 27918:2018 Lifecycle risk management for integrated CCS projects ISO 27919-1:2018 CO, capture - Part 1: Performance evaluation methods for post-combustion CO, capture integrated with a power plant Giselaoliveira 2 International Standards - under development ISOICD 27919-2 Co, capture - Part 2: Evaluation procedure to assure and maintain stable performance of post-combustion CO, capture plant integrated with a power plant ISOIDIS 27920 co, capture, transportation and geological storage (CCS) - Quantification and Verification ISO/TR 27921:2020 Co, capture, transportation, and geological storage - Cross Cutting Issues - CO, stream composition ISO/CD TR 27922 co, capture — Overview of carbon dioxide capture technologies in the cement industry ISO/AWI TS 27924 Risk management for integrated CCS projects Gisela Oliveira 4 Life cycle of a CO, Storage Unit Stored CO, . Unit Operation g 2 2 CO, Injection 3 Project || 35 6 Design 5 Z § 5 CO, sequestration 8 £ It Jt JLIL infinity 3-5 1-3 1 years 20 - 40 years year 1st challenge: concept of = Public perception & permanent storage stakeholders' reactions ay Gisela Oliveira 5 What is CO, sequestration? - Injection of a pure CO, stream, in super critical state, deep underground where it will remain forever CO, pipeline from Dakota Gasification Snohvit — Barents sea to Weyburn - Midale https:ieaghg.org/2-uncategorisedi59-greenhouse-issues- (2400 m depth bellow sea floor) tare 2006 number 81 Giselaoliveira 6 2"4 challenge: Project Design 2"4 challenge: Project Design Stage 1 Rotnendacueirs (CoN eer aul) Geological Reservoir is “a subsurface of body rock with sufficient porosity Sealed and permeability to ‘* High density population store and transmit ‘* Protected Areas i fluids” (Kerr, T. M. 2007) Risks Identification Bele) Peat Canes EIA—Environmental Impact Assessment Giselaoliveira 7 Pre-selection of geological sites Exclusion of classified, populated or hazard geographical zones Stage 2 Target sedimentary basins to screen and study | Gather information: previous studies, surveys, samples Use source-to-sink match criterion 100 km Calculate, analyse and evaluate Gisela Oliveira @ 3" challenge: Source-to-sink match 3majoremission — @ pulp and paper Ccrunea oc power plant (as LPS) Clinquer and cement ~46 % TOTAL national CO, — CH,pipeline emissions 20x10® ton CO, Y Emission source — Transport match 2"4 challenge: Project Design Porto Basin Off-shore North & Centre of Lusitanian Basin Off-shore and on-shore @v ev ew ew e« Algarve Basin ex South of Lusitanian Basin Stage 1 Exclusion criterion Seismic risk Gisela Oliveira 10 2" challenge: Project Design Stage 2 Geological formations with potential for CO, geological storage are normally associated with hydrocarbons or water reservoirs * Depleted oil and gas reservoirs * Deep saline aquifers * Non-explorable coal layers * Shales rich in organic matter Collect relevant geologic information: drilling campaigns, seismic, magnetic and gravimetric surveys data, geothermal and hydrological features, stratigraphy, tectonics, including other seismic particularities of the basin Gisela Oliveira a2 2"4 challenge: Project Design J Search for adequate geological reservoirs Igneous rocks Basalts a | Gisela Oliveira 12 2"4 challenge: Project Design Formation Characteristics Grés de Silves lay sandstones (saline reservoir) Porosity: 15-25% - Upper Triassic Permeability very low cap rock Margas Depth: 3000 m de Dagorda Thickness: 80 to 590 m Torres Vedras Sandstones and (saline reservoir) Conglomerates Porosity: 20-40% Depth: 887-1472m off- shore Thickness: 182 to 472 m — Lower Cretacic cap rock Cacém 95% Off-shore 24 challenge: Project Design Formation -age Lithology Montejunto —_Limestones with sandy mar! - Oxfordian alternations Betuminous maris with Cabacos interbedded carbonaceous shales oaordian| and lignite layers Vale das Fontes Mets, arlstnnestorie and are Pliensbachian to. '@minated maris - Black shales - lowTorcian — (MCNB) Brenha Group Saline Aquifer Formations (Cameiro et al. 2011; Kullberg et al. 2006; Kullberg 2000; Machado et al. 2011; Pereira et al. 2014; Uphoff 2005) (Beicip-Franlab 1996; Cardoso et al. 201: Location Drilling Well References Cat All sectors of i SM-1 Lusitanian Fa-1 Basin, Porto Aj-1 Basin Algarve A-2 Basin Alc-1. Off-shore: BA-1 Porto Basin (Porto) Central sector of 16A-1 Lusitanian Basin Do-1C (Lusitanian) Cavaco 2013; Kullberg 2000; Pereira et al. 2014; Susano 2015) = 32 aquifers (Central Lusitanian Basin) = Capacity 845x106 ton CO, Gisela Oliveira 13 Clea aM Rolat-1e) Characteristics TOC: 0,7 %-4% Thickness: 200-600 m Porosity: 10 - 22 % Permeability 1D Max. depth to 25600 m (Campelos-1) TOC: 0.7 %-5% Thickness: 20 - 400 m Porosity: 10 - 10 % Max. depth to 2500 m (Campelos-1) TOC: 4% - 15 % Thickness: 80 - 260 m ‘Average porosity: 7% Permeability 0,1 mD Formation depth at specific drilling bores AG-2: 1200 - 1400 Bf-1: 1136 - 1399 m; Fee: 1412 ~ 1885 m; NM-1: 1104 ~ 1313 m AG-2: 1400 - 1600 m; ‘Ab-2: 1050 ~ 1350 m; Bf-t; 1999 ~ 1505 m; Fed: 1885 ~ 2184 m Off-shore: 14A-1, 2185 ~ 2260 1m, 17C-1: 900 ~ 1058 m (2); ‘On-shore: ‘Alj-2° 2555m — 2615m Gisela Oliveira 14 2"4 challenge: Project Design Organic Rich Formations Formation depth at Formation - Lithol Characteristic re cil rn aed eristiog specific drilling bores Off-shore! TOC: 2,5 % - 10% 130-1; 1082 ~ 1394 m; Limestones (80 9%) Z Brenha Group dolomites a %) ° ‘Thickness: 44-1500 m (140-190m Mo-1: 1350 — 1790 m; Pliensbachian- North zone) ‘On-shore: oaleuton alterations of betuminous rosy 19 9 eer shales Max. depth to 3850 m(Campelos-1) V1: 1850 ~ 2176 m; MR-WS: 1067 — 1358 m; Off-shore: f Mari-limestone alternations with Agua de froquont and dark laminated pees Madeirs TOC: 2% -22% 14A-2: 1200 ~ 1362 m (2); ee a Thickness: 75-160 17C-1: 900 ~ 1058 m (2) + Sinemurian Black shales . (Polvocira rekness: 75-460 m nae ‘ Coimbra Grou eee) ‘Al-2: 2720 - 2770 m Oft-shore: - : 0,2 % - 3, Coimbra Group Thick limestone beds ae eimeee os ve rr 13E-1; 1060 - 1175 m; ~ Sinemurian alternations with clays z 14C-1A: 1145 — 1248 m; Max. depth to 4000 m (Campelos-1) 456.4. 1959 - 1230 m: Gisela Oliveira 15: 2"¢ challenge: Project Design Search for Adequate geological reservoirs Conclusions from Stage 2 Saline aquifers off-shore: Torres Vedras Group Organic matter rich formations: Montejunto > Cabacos > Vale das Fontes | Proceed to Stage 3 Collection of rock & fluid samples at adequate depths to complete geological characterization and to perform CO, injection tests at laboratory Gisela Oliveira 16 2" challenge: Project Design Characteristics of Adequate geological reservoirs Capacity Injectivity Retention porosity permeability geologic sequestration dimension , devi mechanisms 2] Concept of geological reservoir for CO, storage Gisela Oliveira 17 2r¢ challenge: Project Design Storage CAPACITY evaluation Space available to store depends on: = Reservoir dimensions: rock layer thickness and extension * Available void spaces (filled with rock fluids) for CO, storage Rock porosity ®: # (%) = von void . 199 Vtotal Injection of CO, into underground formations will displace rock fluids in place Hs.sal M(coglsa)* "(loa)" eo, M(Cop|s.sal) ~ COs MUbily factor retatve 1 tne sare Sol in de reservoir K(pjco,) ~ Relative CO, permeability to saline solution in the reservoir (0

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