Maharashtra Bridge Course Day 2: India before Shivaji Maharaj

Government of Maharashtra
Bridge Course
Class-8
Subject: History and Civics
Academic Year: 2022-23
State Council of Education Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune

Credentials
Promoter - School Education and Sports Department, Government of Maharashtra, Mantralaya, Mumbai
Publisher - State Council of Educational Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune- 30
Motivation - Hon’ble Ranjit Singh Deol (I.A.S.),
Secretary, School Education department, Govt. of Maharashtra
Guidance- Hon’ble Suraj Mandhare (I.A.S.),
Commissioner (Education), Maharashtra, Pune
Hon’ble Kailas Pagare (I.A.S.),
State Project Director, Maharashtra Prathmik Shikshan Parishad, Mumbai
Editor - Hon’ble Devender Singh,
Director, State Council of Educational Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune -30
Co-editor - Hon’ble, Ramakant Kathmore
Jnt. Director, State Council of Educational Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune- 30
Executive Editor – Dr. Neha Belsare,
Principal, State Council of Educational Research & Training, Maharashtra, Pune- 30
Mr. Sachin Chavhan
Senior Lecturer cum Dy. Head, Department of Social Science, State Council of
Educational Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune -30
Editing Assistance - Dr.Jyoti Rajput
Lecturer, Department of Social Science, State Council of Educational Research and
Training, Maharashtra, Pune -30
Balasaheb Gaikwad
Subject Assistant, Department of Social Science, State Council of Educational Research &
Training, Maharashtra, Pune 30
Annasaheb Kute
Subject Assistant, DIET, Hingoli.
Creating Assistance -
1. Shivprasad Narayan Mathpati,Primary Teacher,Shri Saraswati Vidyalaya
Prashala,Gangakhed.
2. Sachin Parshuram Aher,Primary Teacher,Mo.Va.Sevasadhan Adhyapika
Vidyalaya,pune.
State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

pg. 1
Instructions for Teachers/Parents/Facilitators
Namaskar!
As we all are very well aware about the fact that due to pandemic situation, the schools were formally
closed during the last academic year and the actual classroom teaching and learning could not take place. There
is certainty that schools will restart in the coming academic year. On this background various efforts have been
made by the government in the last academic year to impart education to the students through online mode.
Accordingly, the Bridge Course has been prepared with the dual objective of reviewing the studies done by
the students in the previous academic year and helping them to learn the curriculum of the present class in this
academic year. This bridge course has been prepared for the purpose of pre-preparation for the academic year
2022-23 as well as a revision of the basic and important concepts of previous year's syllabus.
1. The bridge course lasts for a total of 30 days and consists of 30 templates to be completed in a certain
period of time.
2. The bridge course is based on the syllabus of previous class and is a link between the syllabi of previous
and the current class.
3. It is related to the learning outcomes and basic competencies of the previous class’ textbook and is based
on its components.
4. The bridge course includes component and sub-component wise worksheets. These worksheets are
generally based on learning outcomes and basic competencies.
5. This bridge course will be very important from the point of view to revise and reinforce the learning of
the students from the previous class and pave the way to make their learning happen in the next class.
6. Teachers/parents and facilitators should help their children to complete and solve each worksheet on
his/her own, help them wherever necessary.
7. The research department of SCERT, Maharashtra will undertake pre-test and post test for the same.
Teacher should conduct the tests and keep a record of the same.
8. This revised compact bridge course will help students to prepare themselves for the new academic year
2022-23 with confidence.
Best wishes to all the children for the successful completion of this Bridge Course.

pg. 2
Instructions for Students
Dear Students,
Due to pandemic situation in the last academic year you continued your learning and education
through online and in various digital modes. This Bridge Course has been prepared for you with the
objective of reviewing the previous year's syllabus at the beginning of the present academic year and
helping you to prepare for this year's syllabus.
1. The bridge course lasts for a total of 30 days and consists of 30 templates to be completed in a
certain period of time.
2. The bridge course will help you to understand exactly what you have learned in the previous
academic year and to understand the syllabus for the next class.
3. This bridge course should be studied on a day-to-day basis.
4. It consists of day-to-day worksheets. You are expected to solve the worksheet on your own as per
the given plan.
5. Seek the help of a teacher, parent or siblings if you have difficulty solving the worksheet.
6. The video links are provided to better understand the text and activities given in each worksheet for
reference, try to understand the concept using them.
7. Get each worksheet checked with the teacher after completion.
8. Seek the help of teachers, parents or siblings to understand the part that is not understood or seems
difficult.
Best wishes to you all for the successful completion of this Bridge Course!

pg. 3
INDEX
DAY Text / component Number

page
DAY-01 1) Sources of History 03

DAY-02 2) India before Shivaji Maharaj 04
DAY-03 3) Religious Synthesis 06
DAY-04 4) Maharashtra beforethe times of Shivaji 08
Maharaj
DAY-05 6. Conflict with the Mughals 10

DAY-06 5)Foundation Of Swaraj and 7) The 11
Administration of the Swaraj
DAY-07 8) An Ideal Ruler 13

DAY-08 9) The Maratha war of Independence 14
DAY-09 10) The Expansion of the Maratha Power 15
DAY-10 11) The protectors of the nation 17
DAY-11 12) Progression of the Em pire 19
DAY-12 13) Life of the people in Maharashtra 20
DAY-13 CIV.-1) Introduction to our Constitution 22
DAY-14 2) Preamble to the constitution 24
DAY-15 4) Fundamental Rights - 1 26

pg. 4
(Bridge Course) : Academic year 2022-23
Std: Eighth Subject : History Day : 01
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 1)

Sources of History
Learning Outcomes :-
Identify different sources of history and interpret these to understand the time.
Let's recall: - 1) What is History? 2) What was the period of Medieval History?
3) What are the material sources of History? Write down their names.
4) Gathas, folk song, powadas, folk tales, legends and myths. What
type of sourc es are these?
Do this : (How will you collect the pictures of different coins ?)
Required material – ( Internet, books )
Activity – 1) Since ancient times, coins like kavadi,damdi, dhela, pai, paisa, an and rupee were used. Find out
some local idioms
or proverbs based on coins.
2) Do you think it is necessary to evaluate the sources of history ? Give your opinion.
3) Collect the information about historical places in your city/village from Google or ask your elders and
write in your
own words.
What we learnt ? – What have you understood after studying the Sources of History Write in short.
Find the names of the sources of history hidden in the box below.
Let's practice more- Scan the QR CODE and get more information.

pg. 5

Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 2) India before
Shivaji Maharaj
Learning outcomes :- Analyzes socio-political and economic changes in the Middle Ages.
Let's recall - 1) What do you mean by India before Shivaji Maharaj ?
2) Which foreign powers ruled India before the times of Shivaji Maharaj ?
3) Match the dynasties with their capitals given in the box below.
Pal Rajput Chol Holkar Rashtakutas Shilaharas Yadav
Tamilnadu Bengal NorthIndia Karnataka Maharashtra W. Maharashtra Aurangabad
Let's Try – 1) Identify the following dutiful personalities .
1)---------------------- 2) ------------------- 3) ----------

------- 4)------------------
2) Name the followings –
1) The Queen of Gondvana ---------------------- 2) The son of Uday Singh -----------------------

---
3) The founder of Mughal dynasty -------------- 4) The first Sultan of the Bahmani kingdom -------
-----------
5) The fighting force established by Guru Gobind Singh ----------------
Required materials – ( Internet, Books, Textbooks)
Activity – 1) Find the odd one out.
1. SultanMohammed Qutubuddin Aibak, Muhammad Ghuri, Babar
2. Adilshahi, Nizamshahi, Sultanshahi, Baridshahi

pg. 6
3.Akbar, Humayun, Shershah, Aurangzeb.
2) Write an account of a conflict of Mughal and Ahom and Sikhs .
3) Read the passage and answer the following questions.
Local dynasties like the Yadavas and the Rashtrakutas ruled in Maharashtra. But invaders
from the north - west conquered the local dynasties there and established their own rule.
In the meanwhile, the Arab power had emerged in the Middle East. Arab rulers turned
towards India to expand their empire. The Arab General Muhammad-bin-Qasim, attacked the Sindh
province in eighth century. Notwithstanding, the resistance of the king Dahir, he conquered the
province of Sindh. Due to this campaign, the Arabs came into political contact with India for the
first time. In the period that followed, Turks, Afghans and Mughals from Central Asia came to India
and established their power here.
In the eleventh century, the Turks began to invade India. Expanding their territories, they
reached the north western frontier of India. Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India many times.
He plundered the rich temples at Mathura , Vrindavan, Kanauj and Somnath and carried away
enormous wealth with him. The world famous enriched library of Nalanda University was burnt
down by Bakhtyar Khalji.
A) Which local dynasties ruled in Maharashtra? B) Who invaded Sindh province?
C) In which century did the Turks invade India? D) Write the correct conclusion.
What we understood ? -
After doing the above activity what did you understand about the
lesson ‘India before the Times of Shivaji Maharaj'. Write it down.
Let's find the answers -1)Explain how politics happened in the medieval period ?
2) Write down how Maharana Pratap struggled with Akbar till the end ?
Let's practice more - Find out more by scanning the QR CODE.

pg. 7

Religious Synthesis
Learning outcomes :- Draws inferences from poetry and abhangas of bhakti and sufi saints
about existing social orders.
Let's recall 1) Name the religions you know.
1)------------------------- 2)------------------------- 3)-------------------

4)--------------------
3) ’शेख महं मद अव िं ध l
त्याचे ह्रदयी गोव िं द ll
Which saint has said this famous verse ?
Let's try 1) Write the related words.
a) Mahatma Basaveshwar : Karnataka, Saint Meerabai:-----------------
b) Ramanand : North India , Chaitanya Maha Prabhu:--------------------
c) Chakradhar : -------------- , Shankaradeva: ----------------------
2) Read the following passage and draw a proper conclusion on the current social situation.
The Sufi sect is a sect in Islam. The Sufi saints believed that God is full of love
and the only way to reach him is through love and devotion. Their main
teachings are love for all living beings, meditation and simple living.Khwaja
Moinuddin Chisti, Shaikh Nizamuddin Avaliya were great Sufi Saints. The
teachings of Sufi Saints led to unity in the Hindu and Muslim communities. Sufi
music has made valuable contributions to Indian music .

pg. 8
* Conclusion ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
3) Ask the meanings of the following sentences to your elders .
A) No place for idol worship.-------------------------------------------

B) Truth is God.-------------------------------------------
C) Not to believe in any differences based on
caste, creed, sect and religion.-------------------------------
 Required materials – ( Internet , books , textbooks )

 Activity – 1) Complete the following names of saints.
1. G_ _ _G_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. S_ _ _ _S_
3. G_ _ _N_ _ _ _
4. M_ _ m _ _ _ _ _ _m_
5. M_ _ _ _ _ _ _i
6. R_ _ _ n_n_
7. K_ __
8. P_ _p
2] Read the chapter no. 3 of std 7th History textbook and complete the following sentences.
1) ................... strengthened the bhakti movement in North India
2) In Bengal ............... underlined the importance of Krishna Bhakti.
3) Saint Meerabai stressed the importance of devotion to ............
4) In Karnataka ------------------------ spread the Lingayat stream of thought.
5) In the thirteenth century ----------------- founded the 'Mahanubhau Panth' in Maharashtra.
What did you understand ? –
After completing this activity,what do you understand from the lesson 'Religious Synthesis' ?
Let us find the Answers of the following questions –
1) Write in brief about The Naynar and Alawar bhakti movements
2) Write about the work of Sant Ramanand to strengthen the Bhakti movement in North India.

pg. 9
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 4) Maharashtra beforethe times
of Shivaji Maharaj
Learning outcomes :- Identifies the similarities amongst the teachings of different saints.
Let's recall 1) Which foreign powers ruled Maharashtra before the times of Shivaji Maharaj ?
2) Write the meaning of the following terms.
Mauja -------------- Kasba ----------------- Pargana --------------------
3) Write the names of the following saints.
1)------------------------- 2)-------------------- 3)-------------------------

4)----------------------
Let's try – 1) Which saint has composed the following Abhang.
अ ) ‘तुका म्हणे तोचि संत l सोशी जगािे आघात’ ll ----------------
आ) ‘कांदा मुळा भाजी l अवघी ववठाई माझी ll’ --------------------
इ) ‘ मराठा वततुका मेळवावा l महाराष्ट्र धमम वाढवावा l’ ---------
2) Write similar teachings of Saint Dyaneshwar, Saint Eknath and Saint Namdeo in the following bracket.
3) Complete the following table.
Name of the Sant Information Work
1) Sant Namdeo
2)Sant Dnyaneshwar
3) Sant Eknath

pg. 10
4) Sant Ramdas
Required materials – ( Internet , books , textbooks )
Activity – 1) How superstition and rituals had a huge impact on the society.
Write in your own words (100 words.)
2) Complete the following activity
The same result
Of saintly work
After completing the above activity, what have you understood from the teachings of the saints? Describe
briefly.
1) What are the compositions of Saint Dyaneshwar ?

2) How the words 'Budruk' and 'Khurd' are used to show that the two villages are different? Explain.

pg. 11
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 6. Conflict
with the Mughals
Learning outcomes :- Critically examine the Maratha Mughal conflict .
Let's recall 1)Why did Shivaji Maharaj have to make a pact with Adilshah?
2)In accordance with the pact which Fort Shivaji Maharaj had to return to Adilshah?
Torana Sinhgad Panhala Sindhudurg
3) What crisis arose for Swarajya as soon as it started expanding ?
Let's try – 1) Shaistakhan's invasion........................till he lost his fingers .
Complete this event with the help of following words.
Shaistakhan left Ahmednagar.............he ravaged the territory of the Swaraj .............captured

the fort of Chakan..................he set up his camp at Lal Mahal.....................two years passed ...... This
had an adverse effect on the people's moral ..........Maharaj drew up a bold plan .....................decided to
raid Lal Mahal secretly ..............on 5 April1663 Maharaj raided Lal Mahal.................... In this raid
Shaistakhan lost his fingers .
2) Write in your own words both, the invasion of Surat and the invasion of Jaysingh by seeing the
link.
3) Find out how Shivaji Maharaj escaped from Aurangzeb's captivity at Agra.
Activity – 1) How the following Sardars contributed in the campaign against the Mughals.
1. Tanaji ........................
2. Moropant ........................
3. Prataprao ......................
2)Write the following events in a chronological order.
1) Southern campaign of Shivaji Maharaj 2) Raid on Lal Mahal

3) Escape from Agra 4) Coronation
5) Treaty of Purandar
 What did you understand ? – After doing the above activity, what have you understood from the lesson
‘Conflicts with the Mughals ' Write in short.

pg. 12
1) Write about the preparation for the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj with help of the following
picture.
2) Write about the conflict between Marathas and Mughals in your own words.
. Let's practice more - Find out more by scanning the QR CODE.

pg. 13
Std: Eighth Subject : History

Day : 06
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 5)Foundation Of Swaraj and 7) The
Administration of the Swaraj
Learning outcomes :- Analyzes the administrative route and strategies used for military assistance by Shivaji
Maharaj.
Let's recall 1) Which of the following districts did Shivaji Maharaj expand his swaraj? Underline the district.
Parbhani Nashik Latur Pune Satara Solapur Nanded Sangli Wardha Yavatmal
Kolhapur Sindhudurg Ratnagiri Mumbai Nagpur Dhule Osmanabad Raigad Thane Palghar
2) For the Convenience of the Administration of the State, how many departments were
there in the Ashtapradhan Mandal of Shivaji Maharaj?
3) State the names of the three Armed Forces of India?
Let us do :– 1) Complete the Concept pictures.
Shivaji Maharaj's
agricultural policy
2) There were two main divisions of the army of Shivaji Maharaj : Infantry and Cavalry. Write information about
these two divisions .
Infantry --
Cavalry –
Activity – 1) There were about 300 forts in the Swaraj of Shivaji Maharaj. Identify the forts given below and Write
their
name in front of the pictures.

pg. 14
1) ------------------------ 2) ------------------------ 3)---------------------- 4) -
--------------------------
2) Given below are the two types of Forts. Write information about them and mention the name of the forts.
1) Sea Forts --------------------------------------------------
2) Hill Forts ---------------------------------------------------
3) Find the Odd man out
Pune, Supe, Chakan, Bengaluru - --------------------------
Jadhavs of phaltan, Mores of Javali, Ghorpades of Mudhol, Sawants of Sawantwadi -------
Torana, Murumbdev, Sinhgad, Sindhudurg - -------------------------
What did you understand ? – What did you understand?- After completing the above activities Describe what
you
learn from the chapters The Foundation of the Swaraj and The Administration
of the Swaraj
Find out the Answers :-
1) Complete the table. Ashtapradhan Mandal of Shivaji Maharaj
Name of the Work

Minister Designation
1 Moro Trimbak ---------- Running the Administration and making
Pingale arrangements for the conquered
territories
2 ------------------- Amatya ----------------------------
3 Annaji Datto ------------ Preparing royal edicts
4 Dattaji Trimbak Mantri -------------------------------------
Waknis --
5 ------------------- Senapati Organisation if the Army and protection
--------- of the kingdom

pg. 15
6 Ramchamdra ------------- Foreign relations
Trimbak Dabir
7 ------------------- Nyayadhish ----------------------------
8 Moreshwar Panditrao ------------- Looking after religious matter.
1) Why did Shivaji Maharaj pay attention to building a Navy ?
Activities :- 1) Obtain information about the wars hips in the Indian Navy and make a collection of the pictures
of ships.
 More Practice :- Scan the QR code given below and get more information.

pg. 16

Day : 07
An Ideal Ruler
Learning outcomes :- Analyses administrative measures and strategies adopted by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
for military control.
Let's recall
1) Describe the occasion of the meeting between Shivaji Maharaj and Afzal Khan that you know.
2) What warning did Shivaji Maharaj issue to his soldiers to avoid any loss to the mass?
3) Describe the great work of Shivaji Maharaj that you remember.
Let us do :– 1) Answer in one word :-
* An important Officer in the Navy of Swaraj * The Tamil poet who composed a poem on
Shivaji Maharaj.
* He created an independent kingdom in Bundelkhand.* He composed a Powada on the greatness

of Shivaji Maharaj.
4) Read the passage given below and write it in your own words :-
“If you harass and trouble the subjects belonging to different castes by robbing them of their grains,
fodder, grass, vegetables, etc. Those subjects would leave their houses and migrate elsewhere. Many of
them would starve to death. It would be as if you are more atrocious than the Mughals. There would be a
great uproar.”

Activity – A) What did the following people do to reflect the greatness of Shivaji Maharaj.
1) Lokmanya Tilak -------------------------------------------------------------

------------
2) Lala Lajpatrai ----------------------------------------------------------------
------------
3) Subramanyam Bharati -------------------------------------------------------
-----------

pg. 17
4) Rabindranath Tagore ---------------------------------------------------------
----------
5) Sir Jadunaath Sarkar ---------------------------------------------------------
------------
B) Write a Powada on Shivaji Maharaj by using google or texts
What did you understand ? – After completing the above activity what did you understand from the lesson ‘An
Ideal Ruler’?
Find out the Answers :-
1)Find out from the textbook, the view of Shivaji Maharaj regarding the Safety of women and
environment.
Activity – Make a list of the names of villages and cities based on the name of person.

pg. 18

Day : 08
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 9) The Maratha war
of Independence
Learning outcomes :- Study the conflict between Maratha and the Mughals with clinically.
.
Let's recall 1) After the death of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj who fought intensely with the Mughals.
2 .What do you mean by the War of Independence ?
3)After adopting aggressive policy against the Mughals, which forts were captured by Shivaji
Maharaj ?
2) Find out from the lesson. A ) Why did Sambhaji Maharaj return halfway from the Janjira Campaign ?
B )Why did Sambhaji Maharaj decide to teach a lesson to the Portuguese?
Activity – 1) Write the meaning of the given words.
Emergency------------- Jahangiri------------Guerillawarfare------- Intense attack - --------------

Diplomacy ----------- Dutiful --------
2) Arrange the personalities in the pictures in order.
From the above activity what did you learn from the Lesson ‘The Maratha War of Independence’? Write
in brief.
Find out the Answers :- 1) How did Maharani Tarabai keep up the legacy of valour inherited from Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj ?
Activity – 2) Show Goa, Bijapur, Golconda, Jinji, Ahmedabad and Ahmednagar

pg. 19

pg. 20

Day :09
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 10) The Expansion of the
Maratha Power
Learning outcomes :- Explains with the historical events of that time that the Maratha power became a dominant
power at all India
level.
Let's recall 1) Who started the expansion of the Maratha Empire?

2)Which are the three main events during the expansion of the Maratha empire ?
3)In which century did the Marathas subdue the Mughals and extended the Maratha power in India
?
Answer in one word 1 ) He ruled Bundelkhand .................2 ) He defeated the Portuguese ...............
3 ) Capital of the Maratha Rule ..............4) He was appointed as the

Peshwa................
B) Study the map of India and find out Bundelkhand mpresently day which region ?
C)Find out from the textbook and Write the meaning of Chauthai and Sardeshmukhi.
Required Material ( Internet , books , textbooks )
Activity – 1) Read the passage and answer the questions
A)Who was appointed as the Subhedar of Deccan ? ---------------------------

pg. 21
B)When did the Nizam establish his separate existence in Hyderabad ?-----------------
--------
C) Who was given the rights to recover ? -----------------------------------
D) Where did Bajirao defeat the Nizam ? ----------------------------------
2) Read the textbook and Write information about Balaji Vishwanath.
After completing the above activities,describe What have you learnt from the Lesson, “ The
Expansion of
the Maratha Power.”Find out the Answers
1 ) Explain in your own words about the defeat of the Portuguese.
Activity – 2. Show the regions of Malwa, Bundelkhand and Bhopal on the map of India.
 Let's practice more - Find out more by scanning the QR CODE.

pg. 22

Day : 10
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 11) The protectors
of the nation
Learning outcomes :- Analyses the reasons behind the battle of Panipat
Let's recall
1) Who created the Maratha Dominance in north India?
2) Who defeated the Marathas in the battle of Panipat?
3) Which area of the Konkan Coastline was under the control of the Portuguese?
Let’s try –
1. These lines are related to the battle of Panipat. Find out the meaning and write.
2) Identify the kings and write their names.
---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------
3) Write in brief about raising the Maratha standard at Attock.
Required Material – ( Internet , books , textbooks )
Activity - 1) arrange chronologically.
The battle of Rakshabhuvan 1) -------------------------

------------

pg. 23
The death of Tipu sultan 2) ------------------------
-------------
The death of Madhavrao 3) ------------------------

-------------
The battle of Panipat 4) ------------------------

-------------
The battle of Buradi Ghat 5) ------------------------

-------------
2) Find more information about the battle of Panipat on the internet and prepare a presentation about it.
 What did you understand ? –

Write down what you have understood from the chapter “The protectors of the Nation”
Let’s find out the Answers
1) Write down the effects of the battle of Panipat.
2) Name the following.
They came from Afghanistan...........................
They settled at the foothills of the Himalayas. ........................
The brother of Nanasaheb Peshwa ......................................
The chief of Jats at Mathura. ....................................
 Let’s do more practice – For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 24

Day : 11
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 12) Progression
of the Em pire
Learning outcomes :- Relating historical affairs in the medieval period.
Let's recall 1) Write the name of the son of Balaji Vishwanath ?

2) How much area was under the control of the Maratha empire?
3) Write the name of the First Bajirao ?
Let’s try –
1) Arrange Chronologically.
The battle of Ashti 1) ....................................
The Maratha dominance 2) ....................................

over Odisha
The British flew the Union 3) ....................................

Jack in Pune
1) Explain the main affairs in the battle of Panipat.
2) What was the contribution of Punyashlok Ahilyabai Holkar ?
Activity –
1) How did Mahadji Shinde overcome the great defeat at Panipat? Explain with the help of the following
points.
Trained army forces
Badshah ascended the throne by Mahadji Shinde
Kadir defeated by Mahadji
Reunite Maratha Soldiers.
2 ) Write down the following concept with the help of the lesson.

pg. 25
Maratha ditch ------------------------------------------------
3) How were Marathas benefited from the fleet made by Shivaji Maharaj ?
What do you understand from the lesson ‘Progression of the Empire’ ?
1) Explain information about the Maratha empire in Gujrat.

2) How did Nana Fadnavis manage the issues in the South ?.
Let’s do more practice – For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 26

Day :12
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 13) Life of the people
in Maharashtra
Learning outcomes :- Explains with examples the style and architecture of construction of the temple,
tomb, mosque etc.
Let's recall
1) Write different religions and their places of worship
2) Name the places in Maharashtra where the Hemadpanthi Temples are located.
3)Write down names of different games which you play.
Let’s try – 1) Write the information on how you celebrate the following festivals.
1) Gudi Padwa -------------------------------------------------------------

2) Nag Panchami ------------------------------------------------------------
3) Pola ----------------------------------------------------------------------
4) Dussehra ----------------------------------------------------------------
5) Eid ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) Complete the following table.
One who works in the fields ---------------------------

-------------
One who manages the revenue of the ---------------------------
town -------------
One who holds the vatan ---------------------------
-------------
One who protects the town ---------------------------
-------------
Activity – 1) Match the pairs. Group “A” Group “B”
1) Kolhapur a) Shambhu Mahadev

2) Ellora b) Bhavani Devi

pg. 27
3) Shikhar shingnapur c) Ambabai Temple
4) Pratapgad d) Ghrishneshwar Temple
2 ) Name the location of the following place?

1) Shaniwar Wada --------------------------- 2) Sarkar Wada ---------------------
-----------
3) Wadas of Peshwa -------------------------- 4)Wadas of Chhatrapati ---------------
-----------------
3) Write information about sculptures of Shivaji Maharaj Period.
What did you understand from the lesson ‘Life of the people in Maharashtra ? ’
1) Write information about the following games.
Wrestling and Martial arts.
Mallakhamb
Atya Patya
Ganjipha
1) Use the following points to compare life in the era of Shivaji Maharaj and today.
Sr. Point At the time of Shivaji Maharaj Today
No.
1. Transaction ----------------------------- ------------------------------
------ ------------

pg. 28
2. Houses ----------------------------- Permanent, well constructed
------ cement-concrete multi- storeyed
houses
3. Transportation ----------------------------- Bus, railway, aeroplanes
------
4. Entertainment ----------------------------- ------------------------------ Let’s
------ ------------ do
5. Script ----------------------------- ------------------------------ more
------ ------------
practice – For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 29
Std: Eighth Subject : Civics

Day :13
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : Civics Chapter : 1) Introduction to
our Constitution
Learning outcomes :- Describes the features of democratic form of government.
Let's recall
1) What do you mean by the constitution?
2)What do you mean by the Preamble of the constitution?
3)Name three values in Preamble?
Let’s try –
1) Read Preamble in constitution make a list of keywords in the preamble
2) Make a collection of photos of the members of the constituent Assembly.
Required Material – ( Internet , books , textbooks ) Discuss the History and

Civics textbook with your family members.
Activity –

pg. 30
Activity 1) Observe the above picture from your textbook and understand the keywords with
the help of the teacher.
Activity 2) Celebrate Constitution Day in School.
What did you understand from the above activity?
Q.1: How do the provisions made in constitutions help to run the government ?
Q.2: Name the well-known members of the Constitution Committee.
Q.3: Find the following words in the grid.

pg. 31
1. A sense of ‘we feeling and empathy’ towards fellow citizens.
2. A system in which Sovereign power is in the hands of the people.
3. Introduction to the Constitution.
4. A system in which all religions are considered equal.
Let’s do more practice –
1) Solve the activity and exercise given in the 7 th standard civics textbook
2) Read the preamble given in the Textbook.
For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 32
Day :14
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : Civics Chapter : 2) Preamble to
the constitution
Learning outcomes :-
Shows the importance of Equality in democracy.
Understands the difference between political equality, Economical equality and Social equality.
Draw inferences about the Political, Social and Economical challenges around him in the light of Right to
Equality.
Let's recall
1) What do you mean by Preamble ?
2) Write the words with which the Preamble begins.
Write names of different Religions in India.
Let’s try –
1 ) Name the three types of justice mentioned in the Preamble.
1)------------------------------- 2)----------------------------------- 3) -------------

------------------
Equality Equity
1) Write the difference between two words in the above pictures.

pg. 33
Discuss with your friend about the 7th standard of History and Civics.
Activity –
1) How do your parents work in the house ? How do you contribute to the
work ? Do your parents discuss with elders ? Do they respect each other’s
decisions ? How does your family deal/ tackle petty quarrels ? Anuja wants
to research agriculture, whether her decision is welcome ?
After observation, try to understand the importance of words and their meanings with
the help of the teacher.
Activity 2) How would you elect the class representatives in democratic way after
school reopening?
What do you understand by doing this activity ?

Also read the chapters in the textbook of class 7th civics.
Q.1: What is meant by the adult voting method?
Q.2: What right does economic justice ensure?
Q.3:What important points are discussed in the Preamble?
1) Solve the activity and exercise in the 7th Std Civics textbook.
2) Try to understand the electoral procedure with the help of teachers.
For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 34

Day : 15
Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : Civics Chapter : 4)
Fundamental Rights - 1
Learning outcomes :- Explains fundamental rights and basic duties with appropriate examples.
Let's recall
1. You must be aware of children’s rights. Can you name two important rights of children ?
2. If the rights are infringed, who should we contact for redressal ?
2. Where are the rights of Indian citizens included ?
Need Help ?
Dear friends, if you don’t remember anything, follow the below link -
https://tinyurl.com/y2xddrkd
Let’s Do it –
1. Let us find the rights of Indian citizens included in the Constitution.
2. What other things are included in the right to equality ?

pg. 35
Discuss among your friends about the History and Civics textbook of standard 7.
Activity –
1) Collect the information about the Right to Information and Right to Education from the News
Paper.
2) Observe the Notice Boards of Hotels and Shops about servants.
What did you understand ? – What did you understand from this Activity?
For more information – Read the Civics Chapter Fundamental Rights Part – I from the
textbook of standard 7.
1) Why has the Constitution given equal rights to all Indian citizens ?
s
2) No one gets rights at birth.
3) What do you mean by ‘Fundamental Rights ?’
State the types of exploitation.
1. Solve the Exercise and Activity from the Civics textbook of standard 7.
2. Read the placards in the hands of citizens of the various rallies and marches.
3. Collect more information about Minimum Wages Act
4. For more information scan the following QR CODE

pg. 36
pg. 37

Maharashtra Bridge Course Day 2: India before Shivaji Maharaj

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Maharashtra Bridge Course Day 2: India before Shivaji Maharaj

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Government of Maharashtra

Academic Year: 2022-23

State Council of Education Research and Training, Maharashtra, Pune

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

DAY Text / component Number

DAY-01 1) Sources of History 03

DAY-05 6. Conflict with the Mughals 10

DAY-07 8) An Ideal Ruler 13

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

Std: Eighth Subject : History Day : 01

Reference :- Std : Seven Subject : History Chapter : 1)

Do this : (How will you collect the pictures of different coins ?)

Required material – ( Internet, books )

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

Std: Eighth Subject : History Day : 02

Let's recall - 1) What do you mean by India before Shivaji Maharaj ?

Pal Rajput Chol Holkar Rashtakutas Shilaharas Yadav

Tamilnadu Bengal NorthIndia Karnataka Maharashtra W. Maharashtra Aurangabad

Let's Try – 1) Identify the following dutiful personalities .

1)---------------------- 2) ------------------- 3) ----------

2) Name the followings –

1) The Queen of Gondvana ---------------------- 2) The son of Uday Singh -----------------------

5) The fighting force established by Guru Gobind Singh ----------------

Required materials – ( Internet, Books, Textbooks)

Activity – 1) Find the odd one out.

1. SultanMohammed Qutubuddin Aibak, Muhammad Ghuri, Babar

2. Adilshahi, Nizamshahi, Sultanshahi, Baridshahi

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

2) Write an account of a conflict of Mughal and Ahom and Sikhs .

3) Read the passage and answer the following questions.

A) Which local dynasties ruled in Maharashtra? B) Who invaded Sindh province?

Let's practice more - Find out more by scanning the QR CODE.

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

Std: Eighth Subject : History Day : 03

Let's recall 1) Name the religions you know.

1)------------------------- 2)------------------------- 3)-------------------

त्याचे ह्रदयी गोव िं द ll

Which saint has said this famous verse ?

Let's try 1) Write the related words.

a) Mahatma Basaveshwar : Karnataka, Saint Meerabai:-----------------

b) Ramanand : North India , Chaitanya Maha Prabhu:--------------------

c) Chakradhar : -------------- , Shankaradeva: ----------------------

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

3) Ask the meanings of the following sentences to your elders .

A) No place for idol worship.-------------------------------------------

 Required materials – ( Internet , books , textbooks )

What did you understand ? –

Let us find the Answers of the following questions –

1) Write in brief about The Naynar and Alawar bhakti movements

Let's practice more - Find out more by scanning the QR CODE.

State Council of Educational Research and Training Pune, Maharashtra

2) Write the meaning of the following terms.

Mauja -------------- Kasba ----------------- Pargana --------------------

3) Write the names of the following saints.

1)------------------------- 2)-------------------- 3)-------------------------

Let's try – 1) Which saint has composed the following Abhang.

अ ) ‘तुका म्हणे तोचि संत l सोशी जगािे आघात’ ll ----------------

आ) ‘कांदा मुळा भाजी l अवघी ववठाई माझी ll’ --------------------

इ) ‘ मराठा वततुका मेळवावा l महाराष्ट्र धमम वाढवावा l’ ---------

3) Complete the following table.