2020 Year 11 Examination

Physics
Marking Guidelines

Part A

Question Answer
1 D
2 A
3 C
4 C
5 B
6 D
7 B
8 C
9 D
10 B
11 D
12 B
13 A
14 B
15 C
16 A
17 A
18 A
19 B
20 D

Disclaimer:
Every effort has been made to prepare this Examination in accordance with the NSW Education Standards Authority documents. No
guarantee or warranty is made or implied that the Examination paper mirrors in every respect the actual HSC Examination question paper in
this course. This paper does not constitute ‘advice’ nor can it be construed as an authoritative interpretation of NSW Education Standards
Authority intentions. No liability for any reliance, use or purpose related to this paper is taken. Advice on HSC examination issues is only to
be obtained from the NSW Education Standards Authority. The publisher does not accept any responsibility for accuracy of papers which
have been modified.
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Part B – 55 marks

Question 21
21 (a)
Criteria Marks
● Correctly shows the result vector from the correct addition of 5 displacement 4
vectors as 3km slightly north of NE
● Correctly adds 5 displacement vectors head to tail 3
● Adds vectors head to tail 2
● Uses arrow to depict displacement vectors 1

Sample answer

Scale 1cm = 0.5km

Total displacement = 3km about 5o N of NE.

21 (b)

Criteria Mark
● Calculates correct average velocity in km/h or m/s 1

Sample answer

vav = displacement / time = 3km/5hrs = 0.6 km/h = 600m/3600s = 0.17ms-1

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Question 22
22 (a)

Criteria Mark
● Determines the correct magnitude of the acceleration 1

Sample answer
A = F/m = 300/1200 = 0.25 ms -2

22 (b)

Criteria Marks
● Determines the magnitude and direction of the car’s velocity 2
● Calculates the magnitude of the car’s velocity 1

Sample answer
v = u + at = 0 + 0.25 x 10 = 2.5 ms-1 to the left.

22 (c)

Criteria Marks
● Evaluates the correct distance travelled 2
● Selects an appropriate formula 1

Sample answer
S = ut + ½ at2 = 0 + 0.5 x 0.25 x 100 = 12.5 m

Question 23
23 (a)

Criteria Marks
● Correctly calculates average velocity for each time interval 3
● Attempts to make calculations of velocity 2
● Transfers data from the photo to the table 1
Sample answer

Time (s) Displacement (m) Velocity

(av) (ms-1)
0.05 0.095 1.9

0.05 0.115 2.3

0.05 0.145 2.9

0.05 0.170 3.4

0.05 0.195 3.9

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23 (b)

Criteria Marks
● Plots the average velocity data halfway through each time interval and draws a 3-4
line of best fit through the points
● Plots points consistent with the scales on the axes and draws a line of best fit 2
through the points
● Adds appropriate scales and labels to each axis 1

Sample answer

Velocity ms1

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 (t x 0.05s)

23 (c)

Criteria Marks
● Calculates an accurate gradient for the line of best fit for the data and provides 2
appropriate units
● Calculates a gradient for the line of best fit 1

Sample answer

Gradient of the line of best fit = 2/(3.7 x .05) = 10.8 ms-2

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Question 24
24 (a)

Criteria Marks
● Uses the total momentum to correctly determine the velocity of the combined
4
carriages
● Correctly determines the total momentum of the combined carriages 3
● Correctly determines the initial momentum of both train carriages 2
● Correctly determines the initial momentum of a train carriage 1
Sample answer
P = mv
PA = 35000 x 0.7 = 24500 kgms-1 🡪 PB = 23000 x 0.5 = 11500 kgms-1 🡨
PT = 24500-11500 = 13000 🡪
P = mv, hence v = p T/m = 13000/ (35000 + 23000) = 0.224 ms-1 in the same direction as the
initial velocity of carriage A.

24 (b)

Criteria Marks
● Uses a correct calculation of the impulse to determine the correct magnitude of
2
the force
● Determines the change in momentum (impulse) for one of the carriages 1
Sample answer

ΔP = F Δt
Force on carriage A
FA = ΔP/ Δt = (35000 x 0.224137931) - (35000 x 0.7)/ 0.25
= (7845 -24500)/0.25
= 66620 N
Approximately 6.7 x 104 N

OR

Force on Carriage B
FB = ΔP/ Δt = (23000 x 0.224137931) - (23000 x -0.5)/ 0.25
= (5155 + 11500)/0.25
= 66620 N
Approximately 6.7 x 104 N

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Question 25
25 (a)

Criteria Mark
● Inelastic 1
Sample answer
Inelastic.

25 (b)

Criteria Marks
● Provides correct magnitude and direction of the velocity 2
● Determines the magnitude or direction of the velocity 1
Sample answer
v2 = u2 + 2 as = 0 + 2 x 9.8 x 2 = 39.2

v = 6.26 ms-1 downwards.

25 (c)

Criteria Marks
● Provides correct magnitude and direction of the velocity 2
● Determines the magnitude or direction of the velocity 1
Sample answer
u2= 2 as = 2 x 9.8 x 1.4 = 27.44
u = 5.24 ms-1 upwards.

25 (d)

Criteria Marks
● Correctly determines the magnitude and direction of the change in momentum 2
● Correctly determines the change in velocity 1
Sample answer
ΔP = mΔv
= 0.74 (5.24 + 6.26) = 8.51 kgms-1 upwards.

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Question 26
26 (a)

Criteria Mark
● Correct answer 1
Sample answer
Dispersion.

26 (b)

Criteria Mark
● Provides an appropriate physics explanation for dispersion 1
Sample answers
- Different wavelengths (frequencies) of light have different speeds in the glass.
- The refractive index of the glass is different for different frequencies (wavelengths) of
light.
- The angle of refraction is different for different wavelengths (frequencies) of light.

26 (c)

Criteria Marks
● Provides a clear explanation with an appropriately annotated diagram and
3-4
identifies that the critical angle occurs at different angles for different colours
● Provides a labelled diagram that shows total internal reflection 2
● Identifies total internal reflection as the “phenomenon” 1
Sample answer
At a certain critical angle light will be totally internally reflected from the internal glass air
interface. This prevents the light from escaping on the side where the colours are initially seen
coming out. When the prism is rotated the angle of incidence of the light striking the internal
surface will be increased. At the point when the blue light stops coming out with the other
colours, the angle of incidence has reached the critical angle for the blue light. The blue light
will then be reflected into the prism and emerge from the prism at a different location (see
diagram 1 below). On further rotation the angle for the other colours will become “critical”
and they will disappear one at a time from the emerging spectrum (see diagram 2 below) – the
red will be the last colour to be totally internally reflected.

white light

c (Critical angle)

Diagram 1 Diagram 2
Critical angle for blue light Critical angle for green light

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Question 27

Criteria Marks
● Provides clear descriptions of all three processes and coherent distinctions
5-6
through relevant examples
● Correctly describes two processes with appropriate examples 3-4
● Correctly describes one process with an appropriate example 2
● Provides any relevant piece of information not already presented in the question 1
Sample answer
Conduction
The atoms/molecules of an object vibrate faster when the object is hot. These fast vibrating
atoms/molecules will cause nearby atoms that it contacts in its surroundings that are not
vibrating as fast, to vibrate faster. In this process called conduction the hot object loses
energy to the atoms in its surroundings. An example is when a person places some ice into a
warm soft drink. The relatively fast movement of the water molecules in the soft drink causes
molecules in the ice to vibrate faster. The ice gets warmer and melts while the warm soft drink
loses heat and cools down.
Convection
Convection is the movement of fluids due to changes in density. When a pot of water is
heated from below, the water at the bottom is heated by conduction with the hot metal surface.
The hot water is less dense than the cooler water above it and so the hot water rises
transferring heat to the cooler air above. Cooler water at the top sinks and is heated by
conduction when it reaches the hot base of the pot. The circular movement of water, called
convection transfers heat from the bottom to the top of the pot and then some heat is lost by
conduction to the air molecules above.
Radiation
All objects with a temperature above absolute zero radiate energy in the form of
electromagnetic radiation. The frequency of this thermal radiation is temperature dependent,
hence it is related to the oscillations of the atoms and molecules of the substance.
Electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light and needs no medium to travel through.
Hence, loss of energy through radiation is not dependent upon contact with other matter. This
is the reason we can feel the heat from a hot object, such as a hot plate on a stove, without
having to touch it.

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Question 28
28 (a)

Criteria Marks
● Determines the correct answer using V = 60 Volts 2
● Uses W=qV to determine a work value in joules 1

Sample answer
W = qV = 5.5 x 10 -2 x 60 = 3.3 joules.

28 (b)

Criteria Mark
● Answer implies that the particle will move directly upwards towards the top 1
plate
Sample answer
The particle will accelerate vertically towards the top plate.

28 (c)

Criteria Marks
● Correctly determines the mass of the object 3
● Determines E = V/d and Equates F = ma with F = Eq 2
● Determines E = V/d or Equates F = ma with F = Eq 1
Sample answer

F = Eq
E = V/d
F = ma
F = Vq/d = ma

m = Vq/da = (100 x 5.5 x 10-2)/ (0.05 x 2.75 x 107 ) = 4 x 10-6 kg

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Question 29

Criteria Marks
● Clearly identifies similarities in the fields and differences in the formation 5
of magnetic fields for a bar magnet and a solenoid with the use of clearly
labelled diagrams
● Correctly describes the formation of magnetic fields in both a bar magnet 3-4
and a solenoid with the use of diagrams
● Correctly describes the formation of a magnetic field in a bar magnet OR a 2
solenoid
● Provides any relevant piece of information not already presented in the 1
question

Sample answer
Both a bar magnet and a solenoid produce magnetic fields with a similar shape.
A bar magnet is composed of ferromagnetic material which contains many tiny magnetic
domains (groups of atoms that behave as tiny dipoles). Ordinarily these tiny domains are
aligned in a random format such that there will be no net field. When these domains are
aligned in the same direction using a strong magnetic field, their combined magnetic fields
produce a net field such that there is a permanent north end and south end. The more aligned
the domains are, the stronger the net field. While this field is permanent – if the magnet is
hammered or heated to high temperature the domains will randomly reassemble and the
material will again have no net magnetic field.

Bar magnet with domains aligned. Key: Tiny magnetic domain

Magnetic field
direction

North South

When an electric current passes through a solenoid, there is a small magnetic field
surrounding each of the solenoid coils. These small fields add together to produce a magnetic
field with a shape that is similar to that of a permanent magnet. When the current is turned
off, the solenoid ceases to have a magnetic field. In addition, if the current is increased, the
field will be stronger and if the direction of the current is reversed the direction of the
magnetic field will be reversed. Thus, the field of a solenoid is only temporary, and its
strength and direction can be easily manipulated.

Solenoid with current direction shown.

Magnetic field
direction

South North

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Part A – 20 marks

Question Marks Content Syllabus Outcomes

1 1 Uniform acceleration 11-8/9
2 1 Vectors and scalars 11-8
3 1 v=u+at calculation 11-6, 11-8
4 1 Vector addition-relative velocity 11-6, 11-8
5 1 Velocity time graph for constant acceleration 11-5, 11-8
6 1 Weight - Acceleration in a lift 11-6, 11-9
7 1 Gravitation potential energy and work – 11-9
estimation - working scientifically:
(W=Fs W =mgh)
8 1 Gravity force on an inclined plane 11-9
9 1 Conservation laws 11-9
10 1 Impulse 11-6, 11.9
11 1 Longitudinal wavelength 11-10
12 1 Beats/speed of sound/ wave formula 11-6,11-10
13 1 Refraction Snell’s Law 11-6, 11-10
14 1 Frequency - wavelength 11-6, 11-10
15 1 Thermal equilibrium 11-10
16 1 Electric fields 11-11
17 1 Force between point charges 11-6, 11-11
18 1 Resistors in circuits - calculation 11-6, 11-11
19 1 Magnetic field direction in a solenoid and 11-6, 11-11
alignment of a bar magnet
20 1 Strength of magnetic field in a solenoid – 11 -6, 11-11
understanding of formulae

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Part B – 55 marks

Question Marks Content Syllabus Outcomes

21 5 Displacement vector addition and average 11-4, 11-6, 11-8
velocity
22 5 Rectilinear Acceleration – due to a constant 11-6, 11-8, 11-9
force
23 9 Working scientifically Acceleration due to 11-4, 11-5, 11-6, 11-9
gravity
24 6 Momentum and impulse 11-6, 11-9
25 7 Kinetic energy and change in momentum 11-6, 11-9
during a collision
26 6 Dispersion and total internal reflection 11-7, 11-10
27 7 Conduction convection and radiation of 11-7, 11-10
energy
28 6 Movement of charged particles in an 11-6, 11-9 and 11-11
electric field
29 4 Magnetic field formation 11-7, 11-11

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