ARTUR YUSUPOV Bae EUMDAMENAALSFirst English edition 2008 by Qualicy Chess UK LLP Translated from the German edition Tigersprung auf DWZ 1500 1 Copyright © 2007, 2008 Artur Yusupov All rights reserved. No pare of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without priot permission of the publisher. ISBN 978-1-906552-01-5 All sales or enquities should be directed to Quality Chess UK LLB, 20 Balvie Road, Milngavie, Glasgow G62 7TA, United Kingdom e-mail: info@qualitychessbooks.com website: www.qualitychessbooks.com Distributed in US and Canada by SCB Distributors, Gardena, California, US www.schdistributors.com Distributed in Rest of the World by Quality Chess UK LLP through Sunrise Handicrafts, Smyczkowa 4/98, 20-844 Lublin, Poland Cover Photo: Nadja Jussupow Photos on page 63 reprinted with the kind permission of Nadja fussupow Photo of Judit Polgar on page 2L1 reprinted with kind permission of the organizers of the World Championship rournament in San Luis Argentina 2005. Photos of Viktor Korchnoi and Parimarjan Negi on page 211 reprineed with kind permission of the organisers of Corus Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee, The Netherlands Translated by lan Adams Typeset and editing by Colin McNab Additional editing: Jacob Aagaard and John Shaw Cover design and generic typeset: Augusto Caruso of Caissa Tralia Printed in Estonia by Tallinna Raamatutrikikoja LLCBuild Up Your Chess with Artur Yusupov The Fundamentals Artur Yusupov Quality Chess www.qualitychessbooks.comCONTENTS Key to symbols used Preface Introduction Mating motifs Mating motifs 2 Basic opening principles Simple pawn endings Double check The value of the pieces The discovered attack Centralizing the pieces Mate in two moves The opposition ‘The pin The double attack Realizing a material advantage Open files and Ourposts Combinations Queen against pawn Sealemate motifs Forced variations Combinations involving promotion Weak points Pawn combinations The wrong bishop Smothered mate Gambits Final test Appendices Index of composers and analysts Index of games Recommended books 244 252 254 262Key to symbols used Lp Hee xooD Bhs, > eRe SRO White to move Black to move key square Move to any square White is slightly better Biack is slightly berrer White is better Black is better White has a decisive advantage Black has a decisive advantage equality with the initiative with an areack, with compensation with counterplay unclear better is imending only move cugewang weak point a weak move a blunder a good move an excellent move a move worth considering a move of doubrhyl value matePreface It was a pleasure to have Arcur Yusupov working as my second, both personally and professionally. Ic is therefore an honour for me to write the preface to the new manual Build Up Your Chess with Arrur Yusupov. This new book was created by expanding and improving the original online lessons from the Chess Tigers University. As an honorary member of the Chess Tigers, it has given me great pleasure to see this logical follow-up take concrete form and meet the twin challenges of being both a valuable textbook and a bedside book. It was in 1994 that I met Artur Yusupov in the semi-finals of the Candidates’ cycle in Wijk aan Zee. | managed to come out ahead by 4.5~2.5, but I recognized that Arcur harboured great porential, both in his chess knowledge and extensive match experience Artur’s systematic and professional approach to analysing games was che decisive factor in having him as my second in the World Championship Finals in New York 1995 and Lausanne 1998. His mastery of the methods of the Russian chess school was very helpful in the preparation for the matches, as well as during the matches themselves. It was his idea that I should play the Trompovsky in the last game in Lausanne. I was 3-2 down, but was able to level the match at 3-3 and thus force a play-off. Lam still very grateful for everything that Artur did for me. Artur’ vast experience as a trainer convinced him that there is a considerable need for better tuition for amateurs. Marching the level to the needs of the student is perhaps not too difficult, but the masterstroke is structuring the information in such a way that makes it immediately useful for amateurs. I am naturally enthusiastic about the rich variety of material in this series, which can help beginners become top amateurs. I wish Arcur Yusupov all the best with the publication of the frst book in the seties Build Up Your Chess with Arvur Yusupov. Making this work available in English means that even more people who are keen to learn can enjoy it to the full. World Champion, Viswanathan AnandIntroduction During my many years of work as a chess trainer, I have noticed that there are only a few books which are really suitable for most amateur players. Some good books creat individual aspects of the game (middlegame or endgame, tactics or positional play) without paying any reat heed to the reader's playing level. This brought about the idea of working out a teaching programme aimed specifically at a cerrain playing strength. Such teaching programmes, in a brief form and intended as systematic help for trainers, are common only in Russia, where they are very popular. One very well known and much valued example is 2 publication by Golenischey, which inspired some aspects of my methodology. In 2003 I began a 3-year training programme in my chess academy. Three groups were sct up according to playing strength: under Elo 1500, under Elo 1800 and under Elo 2100. Bach annual stage consisted of 24 teaching modules and 24 tests, plus a final test at the end of the course. ‘This programme was later taken over, in a different form, by the Chess Tigers University and is still being used there. The overwhelmingly positive comments of my students encouraged me to rework chis programme in the form of a series of books, In doing so, E was able co make use of many evaluations, corrections and suggestions from my students. While [ was redrafting, especially the explanations in the solutions, chat feedback from my students was very valuable. This book is che firse volume in a series of manuals designed for players who are building the foundations of their chess knowledge. The reader will receive the necessary basic knowledge in six arcas of the game — tactics, positional play, strategy, the calculation of variations, che opening and che endgame. ‘The reader will benefit from the methodical build-up in this book, even if some of the material is familiar, as it will close any possible gaps in his chess knowledge and thus construct solid foundations for future success, To make the book enrertaining and varied, | have mixed up these different areas, but you can always sce from the header to which area any particular chapter belongs. At this point | must emphasize that just working with chis book does not guarantee a rise in your rating. It simply gives you a solid basis for a leap forward in chess ability. You should also play in tournaments, analyse your own games, play through well-annocated games of stronger players and read books on chess (1 have included some suggestions at the end of this book). T have also been concerned with another problem area since | moved to Germany: the role of trainers in chess education. In Germany there are unfortunately too few qualified trainers. ‘There is also a widespread opinion that a talented chess player does not need a trainer. I do not share that opinion. 1 believe that many talented chess players could develop much further, if they had support at the correct time and if they had not left gaps in their learning. Chess is a complicated sport, which has to be studied for many years. It is hard co imagine any other sport without coaches. {Is there a single athletics club or football club that does not have a trainer?) This manual is intended for the many club players who unforcunately receive no support in attempting to master our complicated sport. In this way it is intended as a substirute for a trainer for those that have none (and a support for trainers), but not an equal replacement for a trainer. I further believe that many chess lovers, who show great commitment to working with young players in chess clubs, will gain with this seties of books (as well as with the programme of cheChess Tigets University) imporcant methodological support and high qualicy craining material for their chess lessons. The students will certainly profic from the supplementary explanations given by teainers and from lively discussions about the themes in the books. How to work with this book First read through the lessons. You absolutely must play through all the examples and all the variations on a chessboard, First chink about every diagram position (for at least 5 minutes) and try to find the solutions on your own. On average, you will need 1 10 2 hours per lesson. However, there is no time limit; some students may need more time for specific lessons, Ic is imporrant to have a good understanding of the subject. ‘The second pare of the lesson is a cest with 12 positions. The stars near the number of each exercise indicate the level of difficulty and, at the same time, the maximum number of points which you can earn for the correct solution wih all necessary variations (# = 1 point). Try ro solve the positions without moving the pieces! If you cannot solve the position straight away, you must try for a second time for approximately 10 minutes. This time you may move the pieces. You muse look for new ideas. ‘On absolutely no account may you get help from a computer! Normally you will also need 1 to 2 hours for each test. Try to solve all the exercises. Consider each position as though it were appearing in one of your own games and look for the best possible continuation. You do not always have to mate or win quickly. Ir is sometimes enough to suggest a good move. Especially in the lessons on che opening, it is more important for you to reflect on the position, take a decision and then carefully play through the solutions. This will help you better understand the ideas of the opening, Mistakes are part of the learning process! It is very important to write dawn all the necessary variations. If you do this you will be able to compare your solution with che one given in the book and you can also see how well you have understood the particular subject. If your score is too low, we recommend that you ‘work through the chapter again, We also recommend that you play through the solutions, including all the variations, on a chessboard. You will find an explanation of the standard chess symbols used in this book on page 4 Ac this point I should like to express my gratitude to a large number of people who have supported my work in various ways. There is firstly my wife Nadja for the design of the German edition book and her help in working through the solutions, my daugh:er Katja for many corrections to my German, my chess trainer Mark Dvoretsky, from whose training methods Thave learned so much, the Chess Tigers and Hans-Walter Schmitt for thit constructive and productive cooperation, Mike Rosa for correcting some mistakes, Reinhold ftom Schwerin for his proofreading, and finally to Semen Oxman and Oleg Aizman, who gave valuable advice concerning the design of the book Lwould also like to thank Augusco Caruso for his elaboration of Nadja’ design for che English edivion and Jan Adams for translating the book. GM Areur YusuporCHAPTER 1] Contents Y Mate along open lines ¥ Anastasia’s mate Y The Arabian mave ¥ The queen-bishop battery ¥ The queen-rook battery Y Boden’s mate Xe RU Aa ow Mating motifs In this lesson we shall study various typical mating motifs. This should enable you to exploit any such opportunity in practical play. Mate along open lines This is a very well-known and important mocif, It invalves two major pieces (rook + queen or nvo cooks) operating along open files or tanks and forcing. the opposing king co the edge of the board. Since ic has no way out, the king is mated there. Prague Simultaneous game 1900 White finds a forced mace. 1.Bd8+ bg7 2.81474 bt6 Or 2...8h6 3.8h8#. 3.B68t eS 4.8e8t bE IF 4._.SBf6, chen 5 Reb. 5.Bd4t tgs 6. Beat This theme is still relevant in modern chess, as can be seen in one of my own games, Diagram 1-2 Bundesliga 1997 LB e5+— ‘Threatening 8g5t and mate in a few moves. Black resigned, on accounc of the following variations: a) 1.847 2.8 g5t h7 3.864 (there is an even quicker win by 3.2h5¢ @g8 4.8h8#) 3...0h8 4.8h5+ Bh7 5.Bxh7# b) 1.218 2.4g6t hs 3.8h5# Typical for mate along open lines. ©) 1..We7 2.8¢5t Hh7 3.W 6 (or 3.BhSt thes 4.2h8#) 3..bh8 4.2h5¢ Wh7 $.8xh7#Mating Motifs Anastasia’s mate This is a spectacular combination, in which the attacking side uses the combined power of queen, rook and knight. Diagram 1-3 Berne 1987 1.De2tt For this mating motif it is importance that the knight should occupy the ¢2-squate. 22h1 Weh2it! White resigned, in view of 3.d@xh2 Bh4#, Next we havea somewhat more complicated example, a variation on the Anastasia theme. Leningrad 1936 1...Qe2t 22h Bxg4tt 3.hxgd White also loses after 3.3 Dgit 4.@gl, duc co 4..Dxf1 5.8xfl 6.0xf] WE +) 5...Bd4, 3..8h3t! 4.gxh5 Bhat The Arabian mate This is a very old motif in which rook and knighe deliver the mate. Diagram 1-5 Bundesliga 1999 1x63 This exchange sacrifice prepares the discovered check. Nothing is achieved by 1...xgl, due to 2.Bxd2. 2gxf3 Bd4t 3.2h1 Or 3.8 g? Oxf3t 4.PhI Sd t 5.Bgl Bxg Benda KH Re OD We RR we eRUD aw HE Nw RU aw=H Re U DA Tactics 1 Diagram 1-6 Here we can see the rypical situation for che Arabian mate, White has no satisfactory defence to the threat of Bh2¥. After 4.8g2 there comes simply 4...8d]*+ 5.8g1 Englé. 0-1 The same mare occured in a game by che firse world champion. Diagram 1-7 W.Steinitz. Vienna 1860 1... h4tt White is left without a defence after this spectacular move 28g? After 2.8xh4 comes 2...Eig1# while 2.02¢2 loses co 2...Hygdt 3.dex63 Wh3t 4.Be2 d3t 5.bd2 kxf2—+ 2... Wxh2tt A deflecting sacrifice. 3.8ixh2 Belt The queen-bishop battery Ifthe queen is placed in front ofa bishop on a diagonal (eg. b1-h7), the defender needs eo be doubly careful! The following simple example illustrates the strength of this bateery. Stockholm 1897 Let The knight is attacked and cannot move, in view of the mate on h2. However, White played on until the bister end. 2.Dd4e What toMating Motifs The piece which is defending against the queen- bishop bactery can also be eliminated or deflecced. Bad Lauterberg 1977 1... @xd4t Thanks to the queen-bishop batcecy, this simple move wins a piece! 2exd4 Our theme occurs in the variation 2.xd4 Dd?! 3.81 (GF 3.Dxd2, then 3... Yxh2#) 3,..DxBt 48x63 Weh2#. 2..Bcc3 3.Bxc3 Bxe2 1 The queen + rook battery The queen + rook bartery is of course no. less dangerous than the one with queen + bishop. London 1818 14h2 Black has no defence againse Wh8¥. 10 Tn the following position White carries out a standard attack. Diagram 1-11 Variation from the game A. )_ JR Toluca Enterzonal Tournament 1982 1Bxg7! LBxg7t Bxg7 2.8xg7 is also good. 1...Bxg7 2.Hxg7t dexg7 3.Bg1t Dh8 4.Bgae— And Black cannot protect both the g7- and the g8- squares, (But not 4,8h6, because of 4.,.2f7.) HE Rw kU Dw & ee ae Bw wauUannraeEye RUD HERO Raa Diagram 1-12 Tactics 1 Boden’s mate ‘The queen and the bishop pair are responsible for this spectacular attack, typically against a queenside castled position. London 1860 Lend 4 ‘This move wins at lease a piece, bur White allowed his opponent co mate him Binds Wc tt The mose important clement of Boden’s mate is the cooperation of the bishops. After the queen sacrifice, the second bishop also comes into the attack. B.bxc3 Sadi Another example, from modern times. Diagram 1-13 Deeszer Open, Gdynia 1989 ‘The white bishop on the F4-b8 diagonal is very dangerous. White uses Boder's idea in order co bring the queen into the attack. 1 Hac cs, The only way to protect the a-pawn. L...bxa6? 2.BxaG# would be bad. Nor would L...2e5 2.Bxd8t chxd8 (or 2..Wrdd 3.Dxe5 bxa6 4.2xa6t dec7 5.8)x174) be any better, due to 3.Ma5t. 2.Bad! Best 2.42 leads to Boden’s mate: 3.BxcGH! bxc6 4.Ba6a. 3.xe3 bxa6 4.2xa6t LS 4..Ge7 5.R ft 5.Be5 c7 6.xh7! And Black resigned, on account of 6..8ixf7 7204+ De5 8 LxeSt Bd6 (8...2d6 9.Bxd6 Bxd6 10 Hdl +) 9.Bxd6 Bxd6 10.Bxg7+—.Exercises abedefgh * Ex. 12¢ 13Exercises Ex. L-7< * a DEX 10K kK Vv YD ‘yan ae 6 5 4 3 2 1 He Nw RU aa Oy abcdef gh Ex.112<€ 0 A HK Rove Unar)]e ySolutions : Cacrnowirz 1929 Anastasia’ mate 1.2e7t! 1.xh74? Sxh7 2Bh1t hyo! 3.He7t AG ABS i= 1,..2h8 2.8xh74!! Sxh7 3.Bh14 (1 point) Ex. 1-2 feat aa meena England — USA 1896 The queen + rook battery 1.Bh8t! hxhs 2.Me8¢ (1 poind) E. eT rieaNaNn Simultaneous game 1934 Bodents mate 1. BxcGt!! bob 2.8268 (1 poine} Ex. 1-4 Siegen Olympiad 1970 The Arabian mate 18 xetlt Black resigned, in view of 1...<8xf8 2.28} shg7 3.Bga#. (1 poiny) Minsk 1976 The queen + bishop bastery 1... Qn3tt And White resigned, on accoune of 2.h3 Or 2.gsh3 Bixh2#, 2.,.8ch3—+ (1 poind er ea is era Rotterdam 1990 Mate along open lines LEixhG#! gxh6 1... hg8 2.Bxg7# 2.2hxh6# (1 point) The queen + rook battery 1. BA8t! Gxf8 2.8ich7e (1 poine) Ex. 1-8 PL See Sette rted Hanover 1983 Mate along open tines 1 Bxhott 1.8xh672! is not so good, due to 1...eg8. 1.Bach6 Or 1...g8 2.ixg7#. 2.Exh6# (1 point) Ex. 1-9 [-Loewenthal — A. London 1851 The Arabian mate 1.Ag6t! hxgo? 1... g7 is better, but after 2,0xi8+ (1 point)Solutions 2...80x68 3.2xh7+ Whice is also winning, 2.8h1t ‘And Black resigned, in view of 2.87 3.Bh7#. 1 poinr) New Orleans 1857 Anastasia’s mate A difficult one which contains various mating motifs. 2 g3l! 2.xd4 If 2.8xh7, then 2...Ade2#. (1 point) 2uuDe2t 3,Lh1 Wxh2Ht! ‘This is stronger than taking the queen. If you chose 3...4ixd4, you only get | point. 4.Soxh2 Lhst (2 points) 5.Qh6 Exh6t 6.Wh4 Bxhdt Prague 1977 The queen + bishop battery 1.2xd5! exd§ 2.8xe7+— (2 points) ‘White has climinated the most important defensive piece and Black has no good defence against the threat of Wh7#. ‘After 2..f White can simply take the bishop on d? with a winning position. 10 Sweden 1978 Boden’s mate 1. Bxc6t!t bxc6 2.2067 (1 point) Scoring Maximum number of points is 16 5 14 points and abov 12. points and above- oon Dass mark 9 points--—- »Excellent --» Good Jf you scored less than 9 points, we recommend that you read the chapter again and repeat the exercises which you got wrong.CHAPTER 2 Contents Y Legal’ mate ~ Damiano’s maze Y Greco's mate ~ Lolli’s mate Y Blackbusne’s mate ¥ Pillsbury's mate eRe ROD @ Mating motifs 2 In this lesson we will study some more important mating motifs. First of all, lees look ar an old opening wap. Legal’s mate Led €5 2. AB Deb 3.2.04 d6 4.23 Bg 4?! 5.h3 5.Bxe5? is premature here, due to 5...2ixe5! and Whice loses a piece 5..h5? Better is 5.,.2806. Diagram 2-1 6AxeSit This famous combination was first discovered by Legal and now bears his name. Perhaps it is more typically the defender who sactifices material by moving a pinned piece. Such moves are very effective and easy to overlook. After all, who is expecting his opponent to give away his strongest piece! 6..Laxdl? Better is 6..2xe5 7.WxhS @xcd 8.MbSt!, bur Black still loses a pawn. Now comes a nice finish. 7dexl7t Le7 8.Dd5# A rare example of the cooperation between three minor pieces. The lesson ro learn from chis variation is that even a pinned piece can still move, as long as it is not protecting the king! ‘The following example by a Correspondence World Champion illustrates another typical dynamic unpinning sacrifice. Canadian Open, Monueal 1956 1.Oxe5! Bxd1 2.8b5+ 6 2.87 3.8xd7} Wxd?7 4.xd74— 3.dxc6 Black is powerless againse che threats of c7t and exb7t. 3.7Mating Motifs 2 3.6 4.c7# axb5 5.cxd8 Wt Bxd8 6.Axd1+— 4oxb7? sheds 4... Bd? 5.bxady +— 3 axt7# Damiano’s mate For this mating motif ic is importane to control the h7-squate (h2-squate), often by a pawn on g6 (or 3), or by a knight or a bishop. The startling sactifice of a cook (or even two rooks) serves to speed up the attack, Let us study che following brilliant games. Liechtenstein 1993 1. DhSt Black wants to open the hefile forcibly for his pieces, 2.Be3 Diagram 2-4 2...Dg3t! 3.hxgs heg3t 4.8g1 be7 White cannot prevent the combination which follows. The rook on fl and the queen on e2 block the escape route of their own king. 5.Yel 5 Hfel Bh1 4! 6.dexh] Bh8t 7.bgl Eh lf! 8.exh1 Ghost 9.sbg) Wh2t 10.f1 Wh1t 118g) Wage Diagram 2-5 SeeHhi tlt White resigned, in view of 6.exh1 Bh8t 7.hg1 Bhi tt! 8.bxhi Whst 9.bg1 hae.Tactics 2 Leningrad 1932 1..g3 2.Hafl Bhity Black must speed up his attack. 2...Yh6? 3.Hixf7# sb g8 is coo slow, on account of 4.2/8 ExfB 5.5xi8? Dxf8 6. Wd8t DI7 7. Wd7 t=. 3.xh1 Whos 4.cbg) hae Greco’s mate This is another old motif, The combined. power of the three pieces - c5-bishop, g4-knight and h4- queen — should never be underestimated! urope 1620 Led €5 2.063 Deb 3.Bc4 Ac5 40-0 DfG 5.Bel 5.d3 is safer. 5.1040 6.3 We72t A stronger choice is 6...A\xed! 7 Bxed d5. 7.44 7h3? Qxf2+ 8.dhxf2 WeSt 9.44 Wacd 10.2955 Joven B.c5? Better is 8.cxd4 &b4 9.Ac3+. 8... Dg4 9.cxd4 Or 9.h3 Agnes, with the idea of meeting 10.4xe5 DxeS 11 cxd4 with 11.Bxdé 12. xd DBT Now comes a lovely deflecting sactifice. 9nDrd dt 10,Bxd4 Bhd Greco has achieved the position he wanted. 11.2637? After the more resilient 11.2e3 Wxh2t 12.f1 Whit 13.che? Wxg?, Black still has a strong attack, Diagram 2-7 11... Wof2} 12.bh1 gi ttt 13g] Ae Europe 1620 Led e5 2.Df3 De6 3.804 Rc5 4.03 d6 Becter is 4.266. 5.d4 exdd 6.cxd4 Bb4t 7.De3 Dl6 8.0-0 20Mating Motifs 2 8.2251? is stronger. 8...2xc3 9.bxe3 Axed 10.Be1 d5 Diagram 2-8 A Diagram 2-8 ; 11. Bxedf i? 8 A tisky sacrifice which led to immediate success in 7 i, the game, Fortune favoured the brave! CS, tH 11.63 0-0 (11..8a5 12Beedt ceed 13.07) on ‘yy 12.gixd5 DaS= Sa, ya Lik Laudxed 12.Dg5! 0-02 4| Yoriay g The comect move war 12..De5b after which White 5 YY ‘ES YEG would still have to demonstrate the soundness of the Fy ALN ya] exchange sacrifice. ay ey 13.8h5 1 Be Be ey Black has no sensible defence left. The £7- and h?- squares cannot both be protected at the same time. Diagram 2-9 13..:h6 14,0xf7 14.Oxf77 Bxt7= 14.266 14..Exf7 15.8xf7} and now either 15...eh8 16.8xh6+— or 15...268 16.203 Be? 17.2b3 He8 18.8d5, and the threar Wg8# decides. 15.2xch6t Ohs 16.074 dogs 17.hsae abedefg Lolli’s mate A pawn on £6 (3) should put the defender on ‘red alert’. Things heat up even more if our queen is in the neighbourhood as well, Although mate on g7 can possibly be prevented, the defence often collapses if wwe can bring a rook or a knight into the attack. HER RAAD & Diagram 2-10 MA Petiereries ores 1.Wh6 Bg8 2.063! 2.83 (ABh3) would not be good, due to 2...e5!. 2...WhS Nor is Black saved by 2...25 3.b4! e5 (3..g6 4.WBt Hp8 5.Whf7+—) 4lhxp5 BG 5.g6 Sxg6 6.095 Wd3 7. Wxh7t!! Bxh7 8.Adxk7#, Now comes a typical sacrifice. 3.Ddg5! Uah6 4. xt ie Hew RAAT ow 21Tactics 2 Diagram 2-11 Eas: German Women’s Ch, Frankturs/Oder 1977 LSxg7tt 1 .dxe4 is also good, but not 1,2h3??, on account of 1,..Bel f! 2.Bxel Wxg2#, 1...Eixg? 2.f6! 8g8 3.Wxh7 #1! Followed by 8h3} and &xh4#. Blackburne’s mate In Blackburne’s mate the attacking side uses the power of the bishop pair and the knight on 5 for a startling queen sacrifice! European Team Ch, Plovdiv 1983 1.Sxh5u Bxgs Black cannot accept the queen sacrifice: 1...gxb5 2.8xh7#. Nor can he play 1...8xg5 2.Wh8# 2.SixgGt ‘This second offer of a sacrifice, which Black cannat accept due to a rapid mate, opens up che king position even mare. 2a 3-£4+— We7 4.fegs Dag ‘White has won the piece back and is still attacking. Black's position falls apart. 5h4 Ded If 5...h7, then 6.8d4! (ABe4) 6... 7.2xh7F Wrh7 8. Bed tt fred 9. St. 6.Sixed dxe4 7.8F4 (ARe/) And Black resigned, in view of the variation 7...Wb7 B.Wxh7t thxh7 9.Rd7t. Let's see another variation on the Blackburne theme. US Open 1992 1.Bg4'e- OhSMating Motifs 2 2.,.Sxgs 3.WxgSe— 3.Dh6t! Black resigned, since 3...Qxh6 is followed by 4.Bxh7#, Pillsbury’s mare In this motif, which exploits the combined force of bishop and rook, an open g-file is decisive. Diagram 2-14 Variation from che game London 1899 1.831! 1.sed2 Wxf2t 2.c3, cheeatening Wg4t or Bgit, is also good. 1..8xf3. 1...g6 2.2xf8 BxfS 3.0-0-0+— 2.Hglt Dhs 3.Lg7t kgs 4ixfot Wed 5.Hxgde Sometimes, the combinations do noc lead to mate, but only to a gain of material, since the opponent may be in a position to avoid the worst. Diagram 2-15 Variation from che game 1... DB 2gxfs Bg5t 3.2g2 3.2b1 BxBt-+ 3 4.8xg7 1D Wxg7 5.Sxg7 hxg?-+ ite loses a piece. If 6.8xf8, then 6...gxfl 8+ 7.Oxfl SoxtB+, Now you can do the second test. Look for active moves, Be aware that in the first position the white king has previously moved, and therefore White may not castle, 23 AD we RADY &Exercises ok Ex 24¢ abedefgh * Ex 254 abedefgh > Ex. 2-6€ ak ec def gh A * aobedefgh > Ex. 2-1¢€ abedefgh 24Exercises DEK 210€ A EN ew RAD a ow Ex. 21d oe wR okUaAIH x x HMw ekunis®sy a bcdefgh 25Solutions USSR 1962 Pillsbury’ mate Lee Not 1.31? due to 1...8a6F. 1... Bxf3, A more stubborn try is 1... 96 2.bd2 Wh6t 3.83 Bes 4.Bhgl t HB 5.2275 Yxg7 6.Bxg7 xg? 7.Wxcb—, 2.Bglt (1 poing) Mare follows io Ex. 2-2 Scotland 1994 Grecoi mate 1.2)g51 h6 2.28961 (1 point) Black resigned, he loses in all lines: 2...hxg5 3.8hS# or 2...1Wxc4t 3.Bxc4 bxgS 4.4. 2.0474? would noe be so. convincing, 2.1887 3X7 DeGE ‘Fx. 2-3 R.Atlas aretetiene Roslavl 1989 Dariano’s mate 1..8h8¢ 2.01 BAIT (1 poind) White resigned, in view of 3.%¢xh1 Sh8t 4.bg) Bhit 5.xh1 Wh8t 6.kg1 Wh2e. Ex, 2-4 Budapest 1950 Lolli’ mate 1.34! (1 poi) 26 Tf you chose 1.86 you only get 1 point. After 1..fig8 2.8F4 g5! Black wards off White's threats. He? “The best defence. If 1..%g8, then White has 2.8h4!, threatening 3.£xh7t followed by 4Gh4a, (1 point) 2.406! (1 poind) And Keres resigned, in view of 2..Wxb1} 3.2h2 Bg8 4.Wxh7t dxh7 5.Bb44. Other moves would not be so good, for example 2.Bg1 allows 2...!d2! and the black queen can disrupt Whice's attack on che c1-h6 diagonal. Zehaleaja 1982 Blackburne’s mate L8hSH (AWxh7#) 1...gch5S 1... Df6 2.8xf6+— or 1.6 2.8 xh6-—. 2xh7# (1 poine) Eppingen 1988 Damiano mate 1.Bh8t!t L.g6 (you only get 1 point if you chose chis mave) is less precise, in view of 1...H65 2. g4 ‘Was? 3.Wh3 (or 3.Bh8} Pxh8 4.Yh3+ Bhd 5.Wxh4t bys 6Wh7t wei) 3.Wacdtt 4.8xc3 Bb44, Another sub-optimal move is 1.4hS (also only 1 pained. This gives Black time for councerplay, eg. 1...WaS 2.26 Yxc3t 3.001 Sxf2t 4texf2 Wadd} 5.fe3 Wb2t 6.cbf3. (or 6sbg1 Yxalt 7.12 Yb2t=) 6..Qxe5t 7.93 DagbetSolutions After LEh8{!! White has a forced mate: 1.@2xh8 (or 1...2f7 2.Bh5t 26 3.Wh7t Ges 4 WgG¥) 2Wh5t Des 3.96 BES 4.474 die 5.Whse. (2 points) Ex. 2-7 Bavaria 1989 Greco’ mate 1.Ags!+ (1 poine) 1...0-07 Leads to the immediate loss of the game. Black would da better to sactifice a pawn: Liud5 2exd5, 2.WhS+—h6 3.Dxf7 BxPt Or 3..8xf7 48x74 Gh7 5.0-01- 4.ed1 ‘This is even stronger than raking the bishop. 4ukght If 4...Bxf7, then 5.Wal7t @h8 6.4xf2—. After 4..We& there comes $.Axh6+ &h7 O.DE7t 298 7.888. 5 Wixg4 Buf? 6.Ox07¢ bxf7 7.Pl+- White is clearly winning, Next came: 7..Bd4 8.24 bg8 9.8xh6 g6 10.045 We8 11. Dxe7t Black resigned. Correspondence Olympiad 1979 Pillsbury’ mate 1.465 (A g2#) 1xg2 is mot so good, due to 2.file (bu not 2.dexg? HySt 3.83 WO 4.dh4 West) After 1...2g5? comes 2.634. 2gxfd Big5t 3.Ph1 Sf" (2 points) Norway 1992 Blackburnes mate 1 MixhStte— (AWh7#) Black resigned. If 1...8xe5 then 2.8xh7#, or if 1,..h6 then 2.Yxg6+-. And if 1...gxh3 then 2.2xh7} PhS 3.Dg6#, but of course not 3.Det7t Bxf7 4.8\xh7¢ Dxh7 5.Dxd8, (2 points} If you chose the less incisive 1.xh7!2, you only get | poine. Black can uy 1...2xf4, although after 2.Axg6 White is still winning. 27 Equally good is LBxd4! Sxd1 2.hbst @ points) 2..Wd7 (2.1 i B.xd8+— or 3.Bxc6 Wxg5 4Dxc5t bd S.Bxt7t-) 3.Bxd7} xd? 48x07 Bxe7 S. D+. 1..Rxd 1? 1...dxe5 2.xg4 is more stubborn, wich the following variations: a) 2...Wa5t 3.b4 exb4 4.bx07 Bxe7 5.8xg7 HIB 6. xeS+— b) 2...Bxc2t 38d] Beal 4.8b5F+— c) 2...£6 3.Bxf6! Dxc2t (if 3..Wa5t, then 4.b4!, After 3...gxf6 there follows 4.8xf6#.) 4Df1 Dxal 5.2xg7+— ZDEGH gxf6 3.Bxf72 2 points) Ex. 2-11 Mlada Boleslay 1992 Lolli mate LAB! (1 poing)Solutions Lat B ‘A somewhac tougher response is 1.g5 Berlin 1637 2.2ixps Bxgs 3.xpsi—. “= If 1..8%2f6, then 2.25 We7 3.Dxf7i+-. Legal mate 2.Bg5t 1... Dest! And Black resigned, due to 2..Wxh6 But not 1..ukxf24? due to 2xf2i+—. 3.Gbxf7#. 2.Gixe7 Axf2t 3.cf1 Dy3# (1 poind) (2 points) Scoring Maximum number of points is 20 17 points and above Excellent 14 points and above- ---® Good. LL points~---------~---- Pass mark Ifyou scared less than 11 points, we recommend that you read the chapter again and repeat the exercises which you got wrong. 28CHAPTER 3 Contents Y Rapid development of all the pieces ¥ The struggle for the centre ¥ ‘The seruggle against the opponent’ ideas Y Goals in the opening Basic opening principles In this lesson we will examine the most important principles in playing the opening. Whenever we study the games of strong players, we notice how they, above all, aim to mobilize their forces quickly. This is quite logical: the more pieces we have in play, the more attacking chances we obtain. In addition, we must also prepare to castle, in order co get our own king to safety and bring the rook into the game. The first principle of opening play is rapid development of all the pieces. ‘We also sce how experienced players try to seize the centre with pawns, or at least exert strong pressure on ic with their pieces. In the chess struggle the centre is a strategically important commanding height. Whoever controls the centre determines the course of the game The second principle of opening play is to struggle for the centre. A lead in development is the ideal which we set as our goal in the opening, Sometimes one move can put the brakes on our opponcnt’s development — any loss of time we incur in such an operation is frequently rewarded in che fsture course of the game, A move which develops one of our own pieces and at the same time slows down our opponent's development is of course ideal, when possible, The third principle of opening play is to struggle against our opponent's ideas, in order to make his development more difficult and to prevent him from achieving control over the centre. Laced 5 2.063 Deb 3.d4 exdd 4.84 ‘Whiee is playing a gambit line. 4.2xd4 leads co the Scotch Game, 4,c3 is also a gambit in which White tries to develop his pieces rapidly.Basic Opening Principles func 4...2f6 is also good. If $.c5, then comes 5...d5! with the idea 6.exf6 dxc4=. 5.Bgst Diagram 3-1 “This is a mistake for ewo reasons: In the firse place White moves a second time with an already developed piece, thus losing a tempo and giving Black che advantage in development. In the second place Whire forgets the fact that the opening is a fight for domination in the centre and through the above move relinquishes the superiority in the centre to his opponent. * ~ R.Reti A better move is 5.c3 &\%6, transposing to the Giuoco Piano, (Instead 5...dxc3_is dangerous for Black, due to 6.&xf7t! xf? 7.8d5t and then Wsc5,) 5...Dh6! ‘Black defends himself with a developing move. If instead he had made the more obvious move ...c6- 5, simultaneously attacking and covering, he would only be repeating White's error of moving an already developed piece again.’— R.Reti After 5,,.2e5? there comes 6.Dxf7! Dxf7 7.dixf?t Sx? 8.8hSt 26 9.HxcSt, Diagram 3-2 Please compare this position with the one after move 9 in the game, which is shown in diagram 3-3. G.Dxf7? 6.WhS would be a detter alternative. The attack on the sensitive £7-square is unpleasant, but Black can bring another piece into the game — the queen, Lec us consider the various possibilities for Black: a) 6...De8? is not good, on account of 7, Deb! (if 7.2b3, then 7...46 with the threat of 8...dig4) Fawdxe6 8.xe5 and after 8.88 chere follows 9.8xh6.— b) 6...0-0 leads ro complicated play after 7.2567 Bxt7 8.Bxf7 Ebdt 9.03%, © 6.BHGRE is beer. 7.Qxf7 is met by the intermediate check 7....2b47. ) 6...8e7!? is also good, with the same idea of answering 7.Axf7 with 7...2b4¥. And if 7.0-0 then simply 7... 31 Hew hua ©BE Rw Re Opening 1 6... Dxl7 7.2x874 Dxf7 8.8hS§ 26 9.Wxcs Diagram 3-3 ‘Compared te the position in diagram 3-2, the black night has already been developed to ¢6 and is much more actively posted than on g8. This difference allows Black to take the initiative. 9.6 ‘With his attacks on the white queen Black gains time for che development of his awn pieces. Another very good move would be 9...d5!? (.Shumov}, co open the game. The following variations show the dangers of being behind in development: a) 10,exd5? Be8+ L121 b6l and if 12.8062, then 12... Ba6f 13.c4 duc3t 14.1 Bel#. b) 10e5? He8! 11.f4? (C11.0-0) 11...Bxe5! 12.fke5 Wh4f 13.hf1 BxeS 14 re7t Web! (14..Be7 15.Wf4t+-) 15.8d2 BA7 (che check on {5 would also be good, but Black wants to bring more pieces into the arrack) 16.85 &b5tt (16.8684 also wins: 17.Wxf8 Lb5¢ 18.hg1 Bel f 19. Bxet Yxelt 20.461 Wxfl#) and in che game Chernov — Oplackin, USSR 1972, White resigned, in view of 17.8xb5 2f8+ 18.bg1 WEDS. ‘White's best chances of survival are in the endgame after 10.Wxd5+ Wxd5 11exdS Ab4 12.0a3 Axd5 (or 12.,He87 13.021 2d77) with only a slight advantage for Black. 10.45 An even worse continuation is 10.4d5t? &e6 11LMbs Be5 12.f42, due co 12...Rc4! 13.84 (after 13.Wxb7 there also comes £3.,.Wh4t) 13...Wh4t 14.g3 Wed 15.Wd2 (15.chf2 Wedt 16.cbg1 WAl#) 15...29t 0-1 Greville - D.Harrwitz, Paris 1845. 10...e8! Black develops his pieces very quickly and exerts pressure on the centre. 11.8 b34? Diagram 3-4 ‘In moving about with the queen Whice is losing some more time. White should certainly have castled.” - RReti 11.45, Black fights for the centre. A good alternative is 11...2068 12.xb7 Wd7 with the initiative, a2Basic Opening Principles 12.8 Here White would be berrer getting his king into safety with 12.0-0 Bxc4¥. 12.45 Diagram 3-5 13.84d3? Better is 13.3, which is the only possibility of pucting up some resistance. Black obtains a dangerous attack, but he has to sacrifice a piece for it If 13..dxe4, then 14.0-0! (but nor 14,¥xa5? due to 14...exf3t 15,012 What 16.3 Bert 17.Sg1 Ot 18.241 Bh3t 19.chxe2 Wedt 20.dxf2 Hg2t 21.tiel HeBt—+) 14..2)c6 15.fxedt De7=, Nor is 13...c4 14.8d3 Wh4t 15.g3F quite so clear. Black should keep the white king in che centre: 13..8h47? 14.¢3 Wh3 15.Wixa5 deed gives Black a decisive attack. For example: a) 16.Wee7t Sigh 17. Wcdt Be6 18S exf3! 19.Gd1 (or 19.Wxh3 Axh3t 20,02 Se2 21.Bdl Re2t 22.eg1 Bh3 23-Ad2 Pt 24.2h1 Belt) 19...f2 20,8x22 Bed? 21,hd2 Bedt—+ b) After 16.fred!? Bxe4f 17.02 there comes 17 8tf5! (intending 18..Hae8 followed by He2t). Black brings all his pieces into play. After 18,8d2 (if 18.éxc?} deg8 19.8F4, then 19...Bae8 20.8e4t eG 21.4d3 245 and White has no defence against 22...Re2+ and then 23..Mg2t) there follows 18...Be24! 19.dexe2 Wg? 20.she! Bet with a rapid mate, 13...dxe4 14.fxe4 Bhat Black tries to hinder his opponent's casting and hence his development, 15.¢3 Hxest 15,..lWxe4? feads to a won endgame, buc Morphy prefers to attack. 16.282 After this move the king is still in danger, The only chance would be 16,2¢3!! Wed (16..Hxe3t 17.Wxe3 dxe3 18.gxh4) 17.0-0f B15 18.2d2 Deo 19.834, although after 19..3e6 20.Wxb7 Hac8 Black would have good attacking chances. 16...We7 17.422! Better, but still losing, is t7 2d2 f5 18.8xa5 Bet 19.gxf4 Sxd3 20.cxd3 We3f 21 hig? Wert. 33 = Pek UA a &HR we RU Daa & HD eR UD ao Diagram 3-6 v Li IL i Ami Ze Opening 1 17..He3t ‘The white queen must protect the ¢2-square. 18.8b5, If 18.Wxd4, then 18..2e2t 19.2g1 Bh3-+. 18...061 19.8 FL 19.¥4xa5 loses to 19...e2t: 20.043 Wes, 20.hg1 West 21.chf1 WA and 20.81 Helt 21.chg? ers. Diagram 3-6 19...2h3! Black ends the game with a combination. Morphy plays very energetically. Almost all the whice pieces, on the other hand, are still in cheie starting positions. 20.41 20.M4xh3 loses co 20...Be2t 21.bfl (21-2g1 Wedt_15 21.13 Wedt 22.che4 h5t 23.chh4 We7#) 2)...Belf 22.dog2 Wert, £8 sginnets who, in the heac of the fight only play with pieces that are already engaged in battle and often forget to call on theic reserves, can leacn a lesson from this move.” R.Reti 21.063 tes Alittle joke. White can do nothing about the threat of 22...29f3t, bur 21.,.88g8 would lead to the same resulc. Ol Bundesliga 1993 1.f4 d5 2.b321 Better is 2.463. 2nd Black hinders the natural move D3. Then Black can take on £3, and his opponent gets doubled pawns, 3.3? This just leads to weaknesses on the kingside. 3.33 or 3.8b2 is better. 3th 4g Diagram 3-7 4.05! Black grabs the chance and seizes the centee. 4...06 5213 B62! would not be se good, due 10 6.d4=. 34Basic Opening Principles 5.O03 5.gxh5?? is followed by 5...Wh4#. Sed! White loses even more time, because he will have to move for a second time a piece which is already developed. 6.3 &p6 The alternative 6...exf3 7.YxL3 Bg6 8.65 Yf6 9.23 is nat sa cleat. 7.Be5 Bd6 Instead of this, 7..Wh4t 8.02e2 B46 9.¢Mel docs not achieve much. 8.Dxg6 hxg6 9. Ye? g5! Black attacks the weaknesses on the kingside. 10.8 bSt2! Diagram 3-8 White is already badly placed, bur this attempt to win a pawn gives his opponent a decisive lead in development. 10... e611. Bid 11.Wxb7 Age7 12,.8b5 0-0 13.hxc6 Bb8 14. a6 #b6 gives Black a grear lead in development. Ll gafé 12.862 fre3 13.Bxedt 28 ‘The black king is safe here. 14.243 What Black develops his pieces with tempo! 15,01 Be8 16.42 16.8g74 Bxg7 17.Wxe8 Oge7 18.87 Bas loses the queen. 16...De5 17.202 BA6—+ Diagram 3-9 Black has now brought all his pieces into play, whilst the white rooks are undeveloped and the king is in the centre ~ even the knight still has co be developed. Furthermore, there is the threat of 18.,.Sxg4. 18.2c3 Dexgi 19.Bg1 Dt 20.ke1 exd2t 21.2b1 21 Sond? BFAF 22.chel BIg4t 23.cbd1 De3t wins the quech. 21...Bh7! 22.0d5 Such an unprepared atcack is easily repulsed. 22--Dsdst 23.Rxg7t Hxg7 24.tixg7t he7 25.861 ds White resigned, in view of 26.Wxf7 Bc3t 27,hb2 WH4, followed by a discovered check, and mate. 35 He ha ee ae)Opening 1 ‘The best that can be achieved in the opening is: In as short a time as possible, we must bring the maximum umber of pieces into play, seize control of the central squares (e4, d4, e5, d5) and, at the same time, hinder our opponent’s attempts to achieve the same goals, ‘The absolute minimum is: ‘We must develop the pieces rapidly and castle to get our king to safety, aim our pieces at the central squares and, at the same time, hinder our opponent from achieving either a clear lead in development or complete control of the centre. ‘The players, especially White, should try ta dictate events tight {rom the start of che game, also called seizing she initiative. The initiative is an advantage! In the following difficult test you do nor always have to win at once {chough sometimes you can!). ry to punish your opponent for his mistakes in the opening, or at least make the best move for your side. 36Exercises Jk aobedefgoh we a abedefgh ak > Ex. 3-4¢ > Ex. 3-5< Ex. 3-6< aobcdefegh aobedefgah Ex. 3-3<¢ ak abedefgh abedefehExercises > Ex. 3-10¢ kkk abedefgh tow abedef gh a kkk abedefgh Ex 3-11¢ DEX S12<€ kk a bedefgh abedefgh > Ex. 3-7¢ abedefeh 38Solutions 1.4 e5 2.fxeS (2.e412) 2...d6 (2.847? 3.93 Hed 4063+) 3.0rd6 B.DGL) 3.udkxd6 4.32? (04. BP) White has ignored the safety of his king, The punishment comes ar once. Diagram Ex. 3-1 4oucHhAT 5.93 Wixgat! Or S.nkxe3t! 6.hxg3 Bags 6.hxgs Qxg3e (1 point) Ex. 3-2 Amsterdam 1927 Lied €5 2.D63 Be6 3.84 Be5 4.c3 DE 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Qh6? (6...8b4}) Diagram Ex. 3-2 White has a lot of good moves here. For the developing moves 7.23, 7.0-0 or 7.285, you get 1 point. Buc it is much better co take the opportunity to extend your position in the centre with tempo. 7.d5! G points} Another good move is 7.¢5!? (2 points}, and Black still has to find the typical move 7...d5!? and then 8.exf6 duced 9.d5 Db4 10.Wadt 6! 11.0-94, (Not 11, Wxb4? because of 11...8a54) 27 Other moves are no better: a) 7...Axed? 8.dxe6 Sxf2t 9.Fl+— b) 7..2)a5? 8.2d3 (Abd) 8...c6 9.b4 gd 10.0-0 Bxf2 11Bxf2 Bxft 12.dxf2 Wor 13.8f1 Wxb4 14,¥¥c2+— (AGa3, 2d2) ©) 7...8a5¢ 8.Bd2> 8.e5! Dea?! The knight will be attacked here, costing Black even more time. The correct move is 8...Dg4! 9.0-0 déz. 39 90-014 0-0 If 9.06. then 10.We2 Bc5 11Bel 0-0 12.b4 4d? 13.cxd6+-. 10.He2 Ac5 11.bé+— Da Or 11...Bad 12.8b34-. 12.d6! cxedG 13.exd6 DgG 14.025 Wes 15.867 15.87b2!24— is also good. 15...2h8 Better is 15...2)xb4, bur £6.3e1 still wins. 16.Bc3 Dxb4 17.Bael Acé 18.hxf8 Wxe2 19.8xe2 QxfB 20.He8 chek 21.245 96 22.De7t 10 New York 1857 Lcd £6 2.d4 c5 3.d5 €5? 4.f4 do 5.013 Byd?! 6.fxe5 Bxf3? 7.3 dueS 8.Rb5} Ad? 9.213 Delo? (O9...a6) 10.254 Be7? (210...Rd6) Diagram Ex. 3-3 Only 1 point for castling either short or long. Black can reply; for example, 11...a6 to free himself from che pin. White must exploit the pins at once and attack quickly, Whar he has co do is open the d-file and bring his rooks into the attack. 1L.d6t (3 points) Li. fxd6 12.0-0-04— White is already winning, as the following variations will prover a} 12.7 13.2xf6 Bxf6 14,Bxd7+— b) 12..We? 13.8246 gxfé 14.0d5 Wee 15.Bxfore— ¢) 12..se7 13.8xd7 and now 13...2xd7 14.2b5+— or 13..8xd7 14.08d5¢ FB 15.Dxf6 gxf6 16.Yxi6+—-. d) 12.26 13.xd7+ Wxd7 14. Bxf6 gxfo 15. Wxf6+— 10Solutions Ex 3-4 [EAU eer a New Orleans match 1849 Here 100, White has to act quickly in order ro exploit the exposed position of the black king. If 1.Bel (1 poing, then Black can answer with 1...0-0-0. Somewhat better is 1.8b51? (2 points) 1...06 2.d5! exb5 3,Be5t with an attack, The correct move is: 1.d5! (3 points} 1...8xd5 1. Bg4 2.el t Be7 3.De5+— 1...0-0-0 2.BeS eB 3.dxe6 WxeG 4. Bel + 2,.Bxd5 Gxd5 3.8 elt Black resigned, on account of the following variation: 3..@d8 (or 3...ed7 4.8b5t+-) 4.204 Wxdl SHaxdlt dc8 625t Sb8 7.BdB#. Ex. 3-5 Birmingham simultaneous 1858 Led 5 2.f4 exf4 3.083 g5 4hd gd 5.05 d6 6.Bxg4 Re? 7.d4 Bxhdt 8.AP2 Axf2t 9.doxf? DFG 10.&c3 We7 1LAxfd Dred 12.8xe4 Hed Diagram Ex, 3-5 Here too, White can exploit the unsafe position of the black king in the centre for a quick artack. 13.2b5T! 13.28 13...c6 14.Bel+ or 13...d8 14. 2g5t+-. 14.8h6t gs 15.2h5! 265 16.8d2t 26 17.Belle— 10 (2 points) 40 Ex, 3-6 La aera irrennes World Junior Ch, Innsbruck 1977 1... Beat (2 points) ‘This combination gives Black a strong, initiative, 2Ac7t Take 1 extra point if you took this ceply into consideration. 2Dfot be7 3.Dd5t Heol 2...Wxe7 3.8xa8t Be7 Black now has a lead in development, and is energetically attacking his opponent. Also possible is 3...8.c8!2, 4.8d12t 4.03 bl 5.cxb4 Wb6> 4...xe2t! Less good is 4.b42! 5.Bxd4! exd4 6.24 2g7 7.WxaG2 A Ingram — B.Cafferty, England 1977. Bur Black could consider 4...2g72. 5.Dxc2 Bxc2 6.45 6.2d2 Qh6! 7 WxhB Was 6...8xdl 7 Bxdd 2h6 8.81 BB! 8... Yast 9.b4 9.fe2 Wa5t 10.b4 Belt U2d1 Bxbl 12.bxaS Hal-+ 13.24 brad 14.0-0 d5 15.82 Bxflt 16.@xfl a3 17.8b3 d4 18.He2 e4 19.63 d3t 20.0282 34 21.del &g7 ot ‘Telechess Olympiad 1978 1.517 3 points) With this strong move Black prevents his opponent castling, strengchens his position in the centre and prepares an attack OF course 1...8xf3? 2.gxf3 Wh4t would be wrong, due to 3.82 e4 4.2c6+— If 1...e4 (1 point), then 2.0-0 enf3 3.dhc6,Solutions 2Re2 2.Bxd5? loses to 2..Sxd5 3.Wxd5 Bal t+. Tf 2.0-02, then 2...YeSt—-+, 2...He5 3.Wd2 edt 4 fred Afcer 4.(4 chere follows 4...d: 4...dxe4d 5.41 3 6.Hd3 If 6.¥e2 Bd8 7.0-0, chen 7...Rd2—+. 6...g5 7.Dc2 Oxg? BHgi What 9.the2 Wee Ex. 3-8 iacion from the game evar oer Leiprig Olympiad 1960 White should prevent his opponent from castling. The c4-pawn is not important, 1.Gh6t (2 points) White is berrer, since the black king is left in the middle. Only 1 point is given for 1_Sxed, since after 1..,0-02 Black brings his king to safety. Ex. 3-9 Paris Opera 1858 1.2xb5! (3 points) White rakes che chance to mount an attack against the opposing king with a piece sactifice. 1.8d5 would be wrong, due to 1...bxe4. Only 1 point for the modest retreac 1.2e2 Wh4e. 1...cxb5 2.8xb5t Abd? Or 2...bed8 3000+ BB 4.8d3 Wh4 5.Bc3+ 7 6.WsE7t Be? 7. Hed, 3.0-0-0 2d8 4.Bixd7! ‘This is how to attack! White gives his opponent no test. 4nd? 5.Bd1 + Web 6.8xd7t Also good were 6,8xeGt fxe6 7.2xf6+— and 6.OxFor-. xd? Now comes a pretty finish, 7Mb8t! Dxbs 8.2dRt Ex, 3-10 Tunis (1) 1979 L.d4 £5 2.63 AKG 3.3 06 4.2p2 Le7 5.0-0 5 6.4 6 7. Dbd2 0-0 8.2e5 Bbd7 9.243 Bd6 10.83 eb 11. We2 b6?? Diagram Ex. 3-10 Only 1 point for the positional move 12.8f4, since instead Whire can win a pawn! Always check out the active moves first! 12.exd5! points) 12...b7 After 12...cxd5 chere comes 13.8 c6+-. 13.dxc6 We8 14.2g5 Be8 15.Wade- Bxc6 16.2xc6 Hb8 17.24 We7 18.Back Gxfs 19.Dxké Bd6 20,803 Lo Tunis (6) 1979 LAMB AFG 2.04 06 3.44 Sb4t 4.Dc3 c5 5.03 D6 6.03 Sxc3t 7.bxc3 d6 $.8d3 €5 9.42 We7 10.45 Diagram Ex, 3-11 10... (2 points) Black fights for the initiative. 10...8a5? is bad, due to 11.Wa4}. Bue retreating is too passive: 10...b8 1 1.4d2+ or 10...d8 11.424. 11 Bxed?t L1.dxe6 is necessary, continuing 11.,exd3 (1Bexf3? 12.gxf3 bxoG=) 12.cxb7! Bxb7 13.fxd3. Although White has an extra pawn, Black is well placed, since the c4-pawn is a hopeless weakness.Solutions 11. Wxed 12.8xe4t Dxed 13.dxc6 bxoGF (Xc4) 14.0 g1? Sa6 15.63 Zxc3 16.o2f2 Dats 17.4 Bxcd 18.264 Ye7 19.Hh3 Babs 20.2hdi Bhd8 21.2d2 Db2 22.1 f6 23.03 Hb3 24.8b1 Aad 25.Rel ds 26.exd5 cxd5 27.04 g5 28.Dh5 &d3 29.Belt G7 30.862 d4 31-493 Bxad 32.De4 cd 33.Sg3 Axed 34.Bxe4 Balt 0-1 Ex. 3-12 Wroclaw 1972 Led 5 2.83 Df 3.203 B64 4.Oxc5 We7 (4...0-0) 5.Bd3 Bxc3 6.dxc3 Brett 7.02 Wrxg2? (7...0-0 8.0-04) 8.46 Wh3 (8...¥6 9Me2} dbf8 [9..ded8? 10.DeS4) 10.8f47) 9.Bf4 Wha? (09...WES} 10,Wert BB Diagram Ex. 3-12 White has a lead in development and must attack. One good solution is the rapid mobilization of all his forces by 11.83 {2 points} then 12.0-0-0, But there is the even more energetic: 11. Bed! Threatening Se6t. (3 points) 1g A better defence would be 11...2g4. bur White has 12.dxg4 Wxpd 13.Wxc7 Deo 14. Wdot gs 15.hed+. 12.8xe7 Another very strong move is 12.Wd4! exf4 13. Sxf4e— Wh3 140-001 (14 Yxtés Ye6FS) 14, x63 15.Uxf6+-, 12...Da6 13.8d6t Hg? 14.2c3 Be8 Or L4,.gxfé IS. Bg] te, 15.0-0-04— Black resigned, on account of the variation 15..gxf4 168hglt GhS 17.hd4 Be6 18. 4B. Scoring Maximum number of points is 31 25 points and above 20 points and above 15 points >Excellent » Good »Pass mark Af you scored less than 15 points, we recommend that you read the chapter again and repeat the exercises which you got wrong.CHAPTER 4 Contents Y Promoting the pawn, Y Key squares Y The opposition ¥ Rook pawns ¥ The rule of the square Example 1 White to play - Black to play e Simple pawn endings In this lesson we will look at some important clements of pawn endings: key squares, the opposition and the cule of the square. Promoting the pawn The best way for the king to fight against a pawn is by occupying a square in its path. In this case the stronger side must try to position his own king in front of his pawn. Diagram 4-1 Key squares are those which, when controlled by she king make che win possible. In the position in the diagram the key squares are 6, d6, e6. The kings will do battle for these squares. This is an example of the opposition, ie. she kings ave face 0 face. Whoever has the move will have to leave the opposition. For Black, his survival depends on having this opposition! It is the only way for the black king to defend che key squares. For the evaluation of such positions, it is very important for the white pawn to be on the 4th rank, and not to have gone beyond the centre line as yet. (Please compare this position with chae in che next diagram!) If Black's to move, White wins. If White's to move, he cannot win. Having the move is 2 disadvantage here! This is called mutual zugewang. White seizes the key square c6 and wins. 2.848 3.066 hoe8 4.be7 Flanking. 4. BC7 3.d54— White to move: 1.he5 Se7! 2.bd5 d71 3.25 Bert Opposition. 4.45 7 5.46 28! But not 5...d2c8?? due co 6.6 tds 7.d70. ‘We can see why it was important for Black chatSimple Pawn Endings che white pawn had not yer ctossed the centre line: it means chat the black king still has a square on the 8th rank to which it can retteat! 6.206 Gc8 7.d7t BABO= Diagram 4-2 Monte Carlo 1903 Promoting the knight pawn is somewhat more complicated due to various stalemating possibilities. 1g Opposition. 1.gA?? 2.00h2 934 3.cbg? gd 4cbgt! GE 5.11 g2t 6g! dip3- 2.9h2 2.9f2 @h3-+ Flanking. 2D, Flanking, 3.h3 gét 4.deh2 heat 4...g34?% Sah! BED stalemate. (5...g2+ 6.cagl=) 5th bys 5...g32? stalemate. The black king is in the ideal position in front of the pawn. It doesn’t matter whose move it is, With the black pawn on the 4th rank (or the white one on the 5th), such positions are won. The one exception is positions wich a rook pawn, 6.hg1 Hh3t White resigned in view of 7.&h1 g3 8.sg1 g20 Diagram 4-3 A 9.tef2 Bh2-+. HERO RUA In order to seize the key square you often have 0 push che opposing king out of the way. Diagram 4-3 1.431 White has a tempo in reserve and gains che opposition! 1... Be6 2.51 Planking, and the key c5-square has been seized! 2..8d7 2.8205 3.d4t teeG 4.06 Wee? 5.d3+— 3.d5 he? 4.2e61 Example 3 +- Flanking. 45ERD e RU aa @ BE Ree RUA HE Re kU aa © Ww . Sy YS Saf ag a” abedefgh Example 4 = Diagram 4-5 A LY. Dy i Wl, Uh, fo Af Ye LG. a Pf JD UU VEY Endgame 1 4.44? 2d7© Opposition! 4,..S2d8 5.4 He8 6.45 dB 7.26 7.062? Be8 8.474 ASO Juche 8.5807 Le7 9.464 +— Rook pawa Diageam 4-4 The key squares for the h-pawn are g? and g1. White achieves a draw if he can get his king in front of the pawn. If Black’s king is in front of the pawn, White can still draw by blocking in the opponent's Jing with his own king from fl or £2. To win in such positions, Black must seize full concrol of the g2- o gl-squares. No matter whose to move, the position in the diagram is drawn: 1ebr= Or, with Black to play, L...dig3 2.€g1= h2t 3.Gh1 £h3 sealemace. Diagram 4-5 A petal drawing position. 28 h6 #f7 2.22h8 £8 3.h7 sbF7 stalemace. by The key squares are g7 and g8. Black to move can achieve a draw: 1.5 2.94 bdo 3.th 95 the7 4.chg6 b= Intending g8=. 5.2h7 Sh4 g8 6.h5 Dh 7.2hG6 Les 8.hg6 whee White cannot entice the black king out of the corner, 9.h6 Seg8 10,h7t Gh8 11.DhG scalemare, 5.247 6.h4 B68 7.5 BEF 8.h6 bts 9.bhs 9.296 hg8= 9.247 10.h7 £6 scalemate. 46Simple Pawn Endings White to move can win: 1.dag4 be5 2.095 bd6 3.296 3.88f6 is also good, 3.07 If 3...2e6, then only 4.h4! be7 $.g7!—. Bur nor 4.50g7? due to 4...4/65 and the black king will attack the h-pawn. Whire must also keep the opposing king away from his pawn, 4.2297! dhe6 5.h4 hf 6.h5 ches 7.h6+— “These elementary endings must be thoroughly understood. Then you will be able to find the solution in mote complicated situations. Diagram 4-7 You should be able to evaluate such positions quickly! 1.8a6! hd? 2.thb7 he7 3.cb07 White wins the d-pawn. 3.Be8 4.826 dB The white pawn is already on the 5th rank. ‘The opposition is not important here. White wins no matter whose move it is! 5.he6 he8 6.d6 bd8 7.d70— Di: 48 1bb4e “em Thete are other logical moves which do not lose! Libb2= beds 1the3= 1.83! Black spots the teap! If 1...cbe422, then 2.250. 2a Bur nor 2.22¢5?? Bed—+. White loses the d-pawn. But he can keep the opposition and defend the key squares c3, d3, 3. 3.cbc2! 3.shd2?2 xdd—+ 3..Sexdd 4bd2= het 5.the2 hd4 6.bd2 hed 7202. dd Black has ne other way. Now White can easily draw. B.cbd2 d3 9.841 9.01? be3 10.241 d20 9.83 10.Hel d2} 11.1 3 scalemace. a7Endgame 1 The rule of the square For situations in which both kings are far away from the pawn, the rule of che square is 2 useful concept. Diagram 4-9 1. Sefa= ‘The rule goes as follows: Uf the king is within the pawn’ square, or if the king can enter it, then it can catch the pawn; otherwise it cannot, The square for a pawn on bd is b4-F4-f8-b8 When a pawn is on the 2nd rank and still has the option of its initial double advance, the square begins one rank ahead of the pawn. 2.b5 eS 3.b6 2d6 4.b7 Se7 Diagram 4-10 1925 The black king is inside the square of the a-pawn (a3-F8), but White has a trick! 1.45! Lad? eds Lwexd5 2.04 hed 2...d4 3.25 d3 4.@elte— 305+ ‘The black pawn blocks the path into the square of the a5-pawn. Now you are ready to start the test, [t should help co assimilate what you have learned in the lesson. Studying these simple pawn endings lays the foundations for understanding more complicated endgames. 48Exercises v P de & A * > BR we RUD a ow Sse Pras < ak a 8 4y Y),, Js 7 PPgha 6 of a ag 5 Ee Potta? sheer Q 2 aoe 1 oe Whee > Ex. 4.34 oe Aa > Ex 4.64 tow Aa : ee Pate a a 7 Uh 7 Ze ? so ; ba, of, Ho Ys 5 Yi, Ye 5 4 a‘ o Yj 4 3, Ye, 3 LUBY 2 DY “a ho “9 2 wt e if 1 a 49 abedefghExercises *k > Ex, 4-10€ Ae . a8 “Sas ees oe oes ah we ko wes wi abedefgh ae * A « * ~ Ww ne 8 Ex. 49< 3S 50Solutions Ex. 4-1 1925 Lbat (1 poiny) Bur nor 1.%222? b4—+ and Black wins, since the b-pawn has already crossed the centre line and the black king is in front of the pawn. 1,..dexb4 2,2b2= Opposition. Ex. 4-2 1.el! @ points) ‘White muse fight for the key squares d3, €3, £3 (see Example 1). If the black king gets in front of rhe pawn, White must be able to seize the opposition by occupying the appropriace square. For example, 142d? would be wrong, due to 1...sed4, when Black gains che opposi- tion: 2.2 ded 3.cbf2 ted3! 4.shel he3-4, 1n@e4 Or 1...bd4 2.hd2!=, while if L...We4 then 2.dre2! hdd 3.chd2=. 2ert= Opposition. Ex. 4-3 The key squares for the b4-pawn are a6, b6 and c6. White can get his king in frone of the pawn and gain the opposition! 1,2! be7 2.ctrb3t ded6 3.cead! (1 point) The only way! If 3.82c42, then 3.86. 3a. Geb 4.805 b7 Or 4...Be7 5,ha6+— and White has seized the key square. 5.bb54— (1 point) White gains the opposition (see Example 2). Ex 44 1.f61 1 point) St White wants 10 win the h7-pawn, while at the same time barring the way of che black king to the saving squate £7 (see Example 4). 1sb£7? does not win: 1,.,e5 2g7 Leb 3cbxh7 t7=. 1...Bed 2.0097 265 3.hxh7 B66 4.22g8+— Ex. 4-5 1.db3! (1 point) The kings are already bateing for che opposition. 1.g4? is wrong due to t...eeds. 1,,.e5 2.823 thds 3.203 es 4.be3 bts, 5,6 hes 6.2231 (1 point) Icis important to gain che opposition on the grfile, in onder to decide the struggle for che key squares f4, 94 and h4, 6.265 7.04 Planking, White occupies the key square. 7uBKG 8.Lh5 hg7 9.chg5 bF7 10.eh6 sbgs 11.bg6+- Ex. 4-6 1925 1.b5t (1 poind) Ic is important chat the whire pawn crosses the cenere line. If 1.the4?, then 1...b5! and Black draws as in Bx. 4-1. 1...b7 2.de4 che7 3.Le5! (1 poinr) Bur not 3.5? G7 4.Be5 te7=, 3u.Sd7 4.85! Opposition, shor 5.806 Flanking. 5..82b7 6.246 Lbs 7.tho6 ha7 8.870 G8 9.xb6 Lbs 10.ha61— And continues as in Example 2.Solutions Ex. 4-7 Lhot (2 points) White wins with a breakthrough. Nothing would be achieved by 1 Ex 53-< abedefgh 58Exercises > Ex. 5-10€ *” HN we AWAD yw YE.S-12K kk VvSolutions USSR 1960 1.Bgs ttt Drawing the king co the g-file. 1...dexg8 2.864 Double check. 2.28 3.Bg8# (1 peine) USSR 1965 1. ALG Enticing the king to the F-file, 2.dxfl Bd3+ Double check. 3.Rel 3.sbgl meets the same fare. 3...Bfl# (1 point) ‘Wolfiberg 1986 1.Bxe6tts— Opening up the c4-g8 diagonal. 1b, L...BE7 2Sip6t hg6 3.8xt7# 1, Dxe6 2.Bxc6te~ 2Bg6# Mare by double check? (1 point) Poland 1953 1.bxest!! L.2d7!(1 point) 1...Hgf8 (1...Fxd7 2. Wad 7+ WE7 3.8h6+-) 2.263 is also very good. 1..Axe5 1.928? 2.2d8# or 1...8F6 2.8xf6Fe—. 2F6H! (1 poine) Double check. But not 22h64?, due to 2...2h8. the 2...99f8 3.8d84 ag7tt Another double check. 3..@h5 4 Eh6t (another I poind) Moscow 1965 1.4 D6 2.3 d5 3.05 d4 dxf duc3 5.feg7 exd2} 6.Sxd2 Sxg7 7.WhS Wd4 8.DF3 Bxb2 9.8d1 Wxc2 10.19d5 66 Diagram Ex. 5-5 LLWasttt A brilliant decoy. Black resigned in view of 11...8xd8 12.225 (double check) 12.8 13,Bds9. (1 point) USSR 1989) 1... D3 ttt 2.geh3 De2t Double check. 3.2ht git (1 point) Ex. 5-7, “Mabs ~ Alexander London 1961 1.Bg7Htt doxg7 2.Ac8t Double check, (1 point) 2B 2...dag8 3.Hg7#Solutions 3B gS 3.dh5 4.0668 4.Btet dhs 5.2 ¢7t Black resigned. After 5.. Ex 63€ abedefgh abedefgh 69Exercises * A PEL 67< abedefgh * PEL 6 < * abedefgh kk abedefgh ae * > Ex. 6-8<¢ >» Ex. 6-9€ abcdefgh abedef sgh 70Solutions Ex. 6-1 Variation from the game Stee Bundesliga 1996 Black has a material advantage and White must fight for a draw. LYxf5 ttl Bxf5= stalemace. (2 points) Ex. 6-2 Madrid 1973 1.Dxh6! An equally good way to play is 1.b4 Dc6 2.Axh6l, 1.,.hG 2.xg5 (2 poines) 2.0897 2.8A8 3.Dxe6t+— or 2...fkg5 3.xg5 he. 3. Dxk7 Whice has won a rook and two pawns for owo knights. 3.Wad7 4.b4 Db7 5.2f4+— a5 C.bxaS BaB 7.04 bxad 8.8xad Bxa5 9.2b4 Ba8 10.86 ds 11.8b1 a7 12.292 Bb7 13.8xb7 Dxb7 14.86 Wd7 15.8 c71+— The exchange of queens leaves the knight marooned on b7. 1-0 Ex. 6-3 EW etstt nee Hascings 1996 1 Dest (2 points} 1ie7 28—2 Bd5 3Hagh2 is nor convincing. The text move is more precise than L...8a5 {1 point), since White has fewer options. After 1...de5! White resigned. On 2.dxe5 (2.Bagl loses co 2...Dxf3t 3.d1 Dxgk+, whereas if 2.8xf6 chen 2...Dxf3t 3.bdt ‘xc3-+) there follows 2...2d7+ 3.he1 Wxc3t 4A Hd2t $.cbg3 Wrest 6.4 Bxfat 7.exfd hxeg6—+. 1Bext7 4! (1 poine) Black tesigned. He loses in all variations: a) L..Bxf? 2.Bxe6t+— b) L...deg8 2.Axe6+— 2) 3...thg4 4. Ge24 BB (or 4...Pg3 5, Ded) S.Bxf3t ES 6.BE7t WG 7.248 3) 3.0065 4 BFLY bed Short HG 62x34 EFS G...og3 7 Neds) 7.Re2e 1.82! (1 poins) 1...h3 1. g3 2.Bigat 2.2h20+— 1.847! (1 point) The threat is matef 1...2xd3! 1...e8 2.34 23H (1 point) White cannot take the bishop due co stalemate, bue he can win the piece in another way! 7 9coaster & Solutions 2.04 Or 2...ied 3.DeSt+-. 3.Desi+— Fx, 6-7 pane i 1935 LWb2t (1 point) 1...ha6t 2.8b8t (1 poins) This is stronger than 2.8xh8?! @xa7 3.8ixh5 Bxd3 4.Ma5+ Bb7 5.Wb4t bad 6.Wxfd cS=, QauEExb8 3.axb8D ft And White wins the queen, 10 1.0d2t 2 points) IF 1. Bc3t Be2 2.Be3t, then 2...db28, ‘Only a draw can be obtained after 1.WxbIt xb1 2Ad2 Bc2 3.Axb3 texb3, since Black quickly brings his king to f7: 4.02 hed 5.813 thds 6. gd eG 7.oxh4 OE7= (see Chapter 4). The move 1.4d2! wins some valuable tempi compared to this variation, 1.Wxal 2.4xb3t bl 3.Axal Pxal 4 bogs Another good move is 4.2F2+-. 4..b2 5.0 bc3 6.bgd hdd 7x4 shed B.g5 heb 9.chg6! he7 10.2971 dees 11.h4 265 12.h5 gs 13.h6 1-0 Leedl+ {1 poind) Black brings his knight into the attack via the eS-square. 1...Wh1t 2.8F1F would not be so strong. 2.be2 T£2.8c5, then 2. Ne5t 3.WxeS Whi t+. 2..bS$ 3.hel Des 4.87 Bast o-1 Ex, 6-10 Tilburg 1987 1... WeSt—+ (2 points) Black intends 2...c5 to exploic che pin on the d4-knight and win a piece. White resigned in view of 2.043 c5 3.4)2f3 Wd6—+ pinning the knight. Ex. 6-11 Vatiation from the game PTT re Dos Hermanas 1999 1.7 2g7 Or 1.Dd5t 2.8d6 dg? 3.dexd5 bxh7 (1 poine) World Open, Philadelphia 2002 ‘The far advanced pawns decide the game. Le6t (1 poing) Lndxe6 1..RaG loses after 2.b4 Ba5 3.cxd74+— PushesSolutions 2.d7+— cxd5 3.084 Bett 4.23 Bed 1f4. Bxf4, then 5 He7 ten, S5.b5t This is even better than 5.Wxd5 h5 6.Yb7t h6 7.Bxa7i—. Black cannot construct a fortcss. S.ngnh5 6.8xd5 Now the fS-pawn is weak. 6...2g6 7st tote 8.g3 a5 Or B..b4 9.gxhd Ex 10.MBt hes 11Mixh6ts-, 9.87 Both of Black's h-pawns drop. 1 Scoring Maximum number of points is 19 16 points and above-.-..-»Excellent 13. points and above-----------» Good 9 points-------------~ »Pass mark Af you scored less than 9 points, we recommend that you read the chapter again and repeat the exercises which you got wrong. 73CHAPTER 7 Contents ¥ The discovered attack ¥ Discovered check, Y ‘The discovered attack threatens mate The discovered attack If, by moving away, a piece opens up a line of attack (file, rank or diagonal) for a piece lying behind ie, this is called a discovered attack, Led 06 2.d4 d5 5.05 5 4.c3 Dc 5.Ab5 Bd7 6.AB? Diagram 7-1 Ganfdxe5! ‘This cypical discovered acrack can easily be overlooked. Black wins an pawn. Por example: 7 Bxd7} 7.Dxe5 Bxb5F oud 7F Moscow 1955 1.d4 d5 2.04 &6 3.De3 D6 4.225 06 5.A03 Dbd7 6.03 Was 7.We22t Either 7.cxd5 or 7.82 is better. FuulDed 8.2d32? R.od5 Rb4l-> 8...Dxgs 9,Dxg5 Diagram 7-2 D.ucbxed This discovered attack opens the Sth rank for the queen. 10.8xc4 Wxgs—+ ‘White has losta piece. A particularly effective form of this attack is the discovered aitack with check. The piece which maves away frequently wins material on the next move, because the opponent must first react co the check,‘The Discovered Attack a araaerini saa led 06 2.d4 dS 3.05 5 4c3 Dcé 5.013 Bho 6.203 cxdd 7.cxd Diagram 7-3 Panel 42? A gypical mistake. Black overlooks a discovered attack with check. 7...2d7 is correct, after which wfDxd4 is threarened. 8.0-0 leads 10 the exciting Milner-Barry Gambit. 8.Dxdé Wxd4? 9.2.b57+— ‘And White wins the queen. Leipzig Olympiad 1960 1.d4 Df6 2.c4 06 3.Dc3 Qb4 4.€3 0-0 5.Ld3 d5 6D Dc6 7.0-0 duct 8.thixct Bd6 9.Rb5 5 10.8xc6 exd4! I1exd4 brc6 12.2g5 Be8 13.4d3 o5t Diagram 7-4 L4.dxe5?? Even an experienced player can sometimes commit a beginner's mistake! 14... Sch24! Another typical discovered attack with check. 0-1 1.fg7t! This discovered attack wins White the queen and the game. 1.8 1... Wxg7 2.We8# is an important point. 2ixe7+— 1-0 75Hee aaa mw = Rw RAs ow Y 5 HR we RUD > Tactics 4 1... Wxg2tt Black is preparing a discovered attack! 1...2xe54? would be bad, on account of 2.8xe5t (check!) 2...8g7 3.8g3—. 2.bxg? Bxest-+ Black regains che queen with interest! o1 A discovered attack is particularly effective if it is linked to a threat of mate, or if a very valuable piece is attacked. Pan American Ch, Cascavel 1996 Led cS 2.063 dé 3.8b5t Sd7 4.8xd74 Wxd7 5.0-0 Af6 6.5 dre5 7.Axc5 We7 8.441? xd LE 06? Better is the theoretical 9...8b6. Diagram 7-7 10.Dg6te— ‘A yppical discovered attack. White simultaneously attacks the queen and the rook on h8. 1-0 1973 Le4 65 2.D03 DG 3.d4 cxd4 4, Dxd4 96 5.04 DEG 6.3 Budd 7Wxdd dé 8.895 Bg7 9.262 0-0 10.842 a5 11.0-0 Hasz! Both players missed the strong 12.b4! with the idea of 12.,.Wxb4 13.€5! and Whice atracks. 12.2h6 Bh82? Diagram 7-8 13.Dd5t+— With the double threat of mate by Be? and winning the queen by Wxa5, Black cannot meet both threats at the same time. You should always bear this typical discovered attack in mind when the queens are developed as they are in this game. 76