2.1 ® “unit Reading Test claw Incomplete Sentences (RESCH 1. Language building: Know what you are looking for Fist decide what par of speech is needed Recognizing the part ‘of speeah (noun, vert, adjective, et) that is needed to fi the blank can help you to choose the Correct answer. Find the answer choices of the correct type Once you know what you are looking for, skim the answer choices to find it This ean help you ta eliminate wrong answers ruc note Use suffixes (word endings) to help Ider the part of speech. eg. “ed / ing / fal 4 (adjective) ty adverb) -ment (coun) (main parts of speech) A Read sentences 1-6 and note the part of speech of the word that is missing (noun, verb, adjective or adverb). Compare your ideas with a partner and think of a word that would fit. The guests wore amazed by the Ms, Watkins was . While Jane was at college, she .. Pee rejection. o cost... 6. The delegates seemed to find the presentation very statues in the garden. pleased with her retirement present. to her sister every week. |. The project team found it very difficult to hide their . The report suggested there was an immediate need to improve over the EF = B The complete questions are shown below. Quickly skim the answers to find the part of speech you noted above. 1. The guests were amazed by the statues in the garden, (A) coor (8) colorful (©) colors (0) colorfully 2. The rise ina costs. (A) considerably (B) consideration (C) considerable (0) considers 3. While Jane was at college, she .... to her sister every week. (A) writing (B) written (©) write (0) wrote steel prices has resulted increase in our production 4. The project team found it very aifficuit to hide their... over the rejection. {A) disappoint (8) disappointing (©) diseppointedly (0) disappointment 5. | heard that the board gave our ‘project proposal @ very... fevieW. (A) favor (6) favorable (©) favoring (0) favorably 6, The delegates seemed to find the presentation very. (A) interests, (6) interest (©) interesting (0) interestingly[Testtip 2 test tactic: The 2-pass method Manage your time wisely Answer the easy questions fist, very auickly. After you hhave answered al the easy ones come back end spend 2 maximum of 20 seconds each on the rest Try to predict answers On the first poss, try totink of possibie answere before you took at the answer choices. Don't waste time on (questions you don't know Spending more than 30 eecondson a Part 5 question probably won't help you find the answer. Ifyou dontt know the answer, guess ‘and move on. ced checklist Determine the part of speech that fits the blank. D Look for answer choices witn the ‘correct part of speech. DThink of words that might ft before you look at the answer choices, ZUse the 2pass ‘method to answer quickly. Ifyou aren't sure, guess ‘and move on ‘The 2:pass method is a way to help you use your time more effectively. Go through te questions twice. On the first pass, quickly answer the easy questions. On the second pass, go back and spend a bit more time on the more challenging questions. In total, spend no more than about 30 seconds on a question. The exercise below helps you practice the 2-pass method. First pass: Answer the easy questions ~ 1:00 minute (maximum 10 seconds per question) ‘Take one minute to read the six sentences below. Choose the best answer to each cone. If you don’t know the answer within 10 seconds, move on to the nest question. 4. Ms. Jennings suggests we x our sales profits by simplifying our distribution system, (A) to increase (8) increase (©) increases (©) increasing ..an outside call, please ‘then the number you wish to (A) ring (8) telephone (C) reach (©) place 3. What time does the courier come the office in the evenings? (A) with (8) on oy (©) for 4. If shipping costs are not fully covered, for delivery will be the responsibilty of the recipient. (A) pay (6) payment (© pata (D) to pay ‘an emergency, press the red alarm button. {A) In case of (8) When or (0) Due to 6. The director was very... in the quality of his accommodations. (A) disappointed (8) disappointment (©) disappointing (0) disappoints ‘Second pass: Answer the challenging questions - maximum 20 seconds er question Go back and answer the questions you didn’t answer on the first pass. If you don't know the answer within 20 seconds, guess and move on, Answer as quickly aS possible, but don’t leave any questions unanswered. Tactic practice A Read sentences 1-4, decide the part of speech of the missing word, and think of 4 word that would fit. Compare your ideas with your partner. 1. Ithas tong been ......... that small downturns in the US economy can have a global impact. 2. The sales clerk. charged me twice for the light bulbs | bought. 3. Due to disappointing sales, the money for new computers was unavailable. 4, The city welfare fund collects donations to aid the local ... including underprivileged citizans.B_ Choose the correct answer for sentences 4-4 on page 25. 1. (A) know: 3. (A) require (known (8) reais (C) knowing. (C) requiring (©) knows (0) required 2. (A) mistake 4. (A) needing (®) mistook (6) needful (C) mistaken (C) need (D) mistakenly (D) needy © Mini-test Now apply what you have learnt at the actual test speed with questions 1~12, Recommended Time: 6 minutes (or less) Try using the 2-pess method to help you make the most of the time available. Try to ‘spend no more than about 30 seconds on each item. If you don't know the answer, guess and move an, ti Young adults who are ..... with their use of credit may find themselves in ‘trouble sooner than they expect. (A) careless, (8) uncaring (C) carelessly (0) uncared The attomey was warned against ‘ying to... the young witness. (A) influential (8) influence (©) Influentiany (©) influencing. Inoxperienced investors are .n.. tO ‘enter this new market with caution (A) advice (8) advisory (©) advised (©) advising ‘The journalist refused ..... the federal investigator the names of his sources. (A) tell ©) told (©) telling (0) to tot 5. z All the components for Hanson scooters are .... right here in this, state. (&) to manufacture (8) manufactures (©) manufacturing (0) manufactures The «ni likely to have serious repercussions in future negotiations. (@) incident (8) incidence (©) incidentally (0) incidentat Doan Trang was selected to... the company at the annual conference, (A) repcesent (8) representing (©) representative (©) representational Customers requesting a refund must bbe prepared to wait .... 4-6 weoks for the request to be processed. (A) rough (8) roughly (©) rougher (0) roughest9. The plot of the movie is too .. 44. Mr, Yamada is ..... that the conflicts are either forced or consultant's recommendation will simplistic. help the situation, (A) predict (A) convince (8) predictable (8) convinced (©) predicting (©) conviction ©) predictabinity (0) convincing 20. Adam Antonictti is generally 42. To enter information on the considered to be one of the most spreadsheet you will a cell by designers in the fashion industry _clicking on it and then type your today. data, (A) impression (A) select (©) impressively (8) selecting (© impressive (© to select (©) impressing (0) selection oe Vocabulary practice A Read sentences 1-10 and note the part of speech of the word that is missing. Use the abbreviations: noun (n), verb (x), adjective (adj), adverb (adv). 4, The owner of the largest factory in town Was a Very sno ( ad} ) member of the town council 2. John’s skill in quickly and (solving the problem saved his company thousands of dollars and avoided weeks of lost production. ( }tohelp 3. The rich businessman made thousands of dollars of, medical research each year. 4. The salesman made many promises to try 10 purchase his company’s product. 5. The inspector stared 6. An ) the manager to ) at the components on the moving belt. (_) person always sees the good side of any situation, 7. The fact that Mary graduated from a famous university wes a advantage when she started job hunting. 8. Regular exercise and a good diet can 9. We hired 2 motorcycle 20. CaNyOU evewn-( —) Ways in which we can improve the work-life balance in our department? a) (}your heaith and fitness. (to deliver the package by hand, B Note the pert of speech for each of the following words. I you aren't sure, confirm the meaning with a classmate or look in the word list on page 172. efficiently intently improve. Suggest courier influential optiniistic donations ‘convince: significant © Now put each word into the sentence above that it best fits. Go to word list and quiz page 172.Reading Test Ta ao) Incomplete Sentences (esttip= L Test tactic: Noun and verb suffixes ‘Leaming common suffixes ean help you to identity nouns and verbs: Questions that require you to select ‘an aporopriate noun lor verb form are ‘common in the TOUIC tes. Learning torecognize noun ‘and vero suffixes wil helo you to choose the right one. [A The words below feature some of the most common suffixes used with nouns and verbs. For each word decide whether it is @ noun or a verb. cooperation []N simplify []N C]V— security [inflv cite = ON quickness [JN Clv widen = Cin Liv partnership (N activate = CIN CIV assistance C)N Civ department Cn celebration [IN lv wealze = CN Llv B_ Now look at the list of suffixes and mark whether each is a noun or verb suffix, tion/-sion [noun “| verb ise/ize Cinoun (vers en [) noun) verb “ity Cinoun “vero ness | noun “verb ate [noun “| verb ify [oneun (verb -ment ‘Inoun | verb “ship. Chnoun [| verb cance/-ence | noun [| verb, © For each sentence below, first decide if it requires a noun or verb, then choose the best word of the correct type to fill n the blank. elevate renovate Investigation document repetitiveness —_erticize dependence soften The stockholders have called for a(n Newspapers are starting to... the prime minister's actions, Doing ain) Miller Manufacturing’s .... on one supplier caused serious problems when ‘that company went bankrupt. 5. Acconsuitant was hired to... the company’s main weaknesses and suggest solutions. .10 find out where the money went. is a good way for students to get work experience. aeReE 6. Bill realized he had forgotten to bring a key ..... to the meeting, 7. The company spent millions to . customers. 8. The sculptor intended to ...... the statue by placing it on 4 pedestal so that people could coo it moro easily. Many people dislike the ..... of working on @ factory assembyy line. 10. Cyclists often use special pads to its main office in order to impress its © the seat for longdistance rides.Testtip 2 Test tactic: Use prefixes to help decide the best answer ‘Being able to guess the meaning of ‘A Look at the list of some of the most common prefixes below. Match the prefix linknown words is to the meaning on the right. The fist one is dane for you. important forall Parts of the test AL. dis- discomfort (n), discontinue (v) [Ja badly or wrongly Learning common un unable (adj), unfesten (v) prefixes can heip non- nonfiction (adj), non-political (adj), you guess the im/in/ir/ie inconvenient (ad), illegal (ad) [ip not meaning of words yeu don't know. Reo cofounder (n), cooperate (v] [ie between 3. sub ‘submarine (9), subsection (n) Cla jentoroganer 4 inter Interaction (7), international (ad) Tle egein or back 5.10 ro-erganization (n), review (v/n) - overwork (overpriced ax) ae mislead (vj, misunderstanding (n) 1g too much B Now use your understanding of prefixes to help you choose the best word to complete each sentence. L. The company's bid was rejected because the quality of their work was a misheard 2. Jake Thomson and Phil Greene the Project, each looking after one team. bp Gesorent 3. There is a(n) .~ iM each room to allow all the staff to communicate eesily, even between different unwrap floors. 4. A plumber was called to - the blockage impatient from the pipe. 5. After |retumed from the shop, | realized | had © cosupervise for my new radio. 6. The woman thought she had... the clerk overpaid ‘when he told her the price of the room. 7, He cidn't pay his phone bill so they came to & remove : his tine. ‘8, The glass wes so fragile that it broke even before Dy posenundenie. we had a chance to .. it 9. Loften get very... if there is heavy traffic Lvieteeormn when | am in a hurry. 10. Since the gift had been bought on sale j itwas sub standard3 Tactic practice Use the tactics you have practiced to answer the following questions. common 4. The two presidents maintained a 4, The machine could become jrotiae cai close... despite ther rival dangerous i iis help you guess businesses. (A) circumscribed the meening of (A) frienaly @ restrung eae (8) frena (©) dismantled Wenn (© frendship (0) mishandled common Mey Menge 5. He transferred from the parent auttnes 2. forts wore Made 0 nnn rain company to one of ts small help you to track width across Europe in the (A) partnerships inert novi Jate twentieth century. Giamuieee ‘and verbs. (A) standard (C) conglomerates (0) multinationals 6. To resolve their differences, they (8) standards (©) standardization {Dy etanae rice employed af mn. tO deal with the 3. The program seems easy to use, but two sides. the Interface needs t0 be... (A) investigation (A) simpiitied (8) intermediary (B) simply (C) assistance (© simprest (0) advice (0) simpification eo Mini-test Now apply what you have learnt 2t the actual test speed with questions 1~12. Recommended Time: 6 minutes (or less) Try using the 2-pass method to help you make the most of the time available. Try to spend no more than about 30 seconds on each item. If yau dor't know the answer, guess and move on. 4. The addition of steel girders was 3. Its essential to... fully on the eSigNED 10 eannonu the roof support operation of the machinery in order beams. to avoid accidents. (A) strong (A) coneentration (8) strongly (8) concentrating (©) strength (C) concentrate (0) strengthen (0) concentrates 2, Disegreements OVEr the senoun OF 4, He was known in the business for the design eventually led to a court tis... attitude and astute case. ‘business sense. (a) own (A) positive (8) ownership (8) internal (©) owning (©) preventative (0) owned (0) artificialThe public's sensu to the advertising campaign was very encouraging, (8) reaction (8) suggestion {C) interjection (0) submission Visitors to this part of the facilities, must show proper... (A) identity () identify (©) identification (0) identifying Plans t0 weve the highway from four to six lanes were biocked by ‘the local government. (a) wide (6) width (C) widely (0) widen ‘The meeting will have to be . toa later date. (A) arranged (B) rescheduled (C| planned (©) prepared 9. Your free sixmonth 42. Tax to Word OF The Day includes online definitions and pronunciation dues. {A) prescription (8) subscription (©) designation (0) participation ‘Smart travelers research the prices of local hotels to ensure that they do not a.m. when traveling abroad. (A) pay (8) repay (C) underpay (0) overpay . Gift giving is considered standard amongst hosts, and guests should FE NO sn tO return the favor, (A) oblige (8) obliged (C) obliges (0) obligation is available for those earning less than the statutory minimum who have depenents. (A) refund (8) reliet (C) identification (0) awareness,o Vocabulary practice Use the following words to complete the crossword puzzle below. Two have been done for you. devastate interaction overstocked ‘tteracy impatient iclead uncompromising ciscontinue certicie obligation renovate intermediary Actoss Down 4. Showing no willingness to reduce their 2, To cause somebody to have 2 demands or back down false opinion or bellet 3. Having too much of a product or item 4, To stop doing something 6. An inability to read and write 5. Something that must be done 7. Somebody who carries messages to ty Derelict lea ot cea cts, to bring about agreement 6. Activity taking place between 8. To seriously damage or destroy two or more people or things 9. Upset or annoyed at having to wait 40. To complain about something you think is wrong, 4. To make something like new again Pulau |elo vl>lmlelo aunit ‘Some questions en the TOEIC test require you to select ‘en appropriate adiectve or adver. Learning common suites will help you to identiy these types of words eines ‘Adjectives often, follow the verb 9 be or other verbs rated to senses (ook, smell, etc). Examples ‘Th food is terrible. tastes delicious. Reading Test Part 6 Text Completion The sentences below use some common adjective and adverb endings found in the TOEIC test. Choose the correct adjective or adverb to complete each sentence. 4. We selected this hotel because the rooms are (comfortable/ comfortably) 2. We have problems in our Tokyo office. (serious/seriously) 3. New recruits are expected to listen during training, (attentive/attentively) .. 00d in the last three months. 4, Our sales have been .. (consistent/consistently) 8. The response to the new commercial has been .. 6. The contract .. = (wonderful/ wonderfully) .. Stated that delivery would be free. (specifie/spocifically) Follow up: With a partner think of two or three other words for each of the adjective and adverb endings below. Adjectives -able (ible) “ous ent (ant) -ful ic Adverbs y Now choose two of the words from the chart above and make sentences (either true ‘or false) about someone or something in the room. Read your sentence to your partner and see if they agree or not. Bample ‘A: Min Joon always studies English very carefully. B: | don’t really think so.[TESEHBI-««- 2 Test tactic: Be aware of correct comparative and superlative Understand the use ‘of comparative and superlative forms of adjectives Knowing how these are formed can he'p you choose the right forms A. Look at some examples of common comparative and superlative forms. «8 high as the market will support. + more difficult than we first expected. «» faster than the competition. the cheapest product. .« his/their/my greatest problem. +» the most important thing, Use the examples above to help you choose the best word to complete the sentences. 4. The (good/better/best) thing about the offer is the price. 2. This system uses the (advanced/more advanced/most advanced) technology on the market 3, This department may not be as others, but its budget is much (big/ bigger biggest) es some of the largo/larger/the largest). 4, They are our important/more important/most important) customers by fer. 5. The old distributor's delivery was MUCH ...... (faSi/faster fastest) than the now one. 6, Most attendees felt the fist presenter was .......(informative/most informative/more informative) than the second one. Follow up: Compare your answers with a partner. If you have any different answers, tell your partner why you chose your answer. With your partner, make comparative and superlative sentences about the means of transportation below. Example Atrain isn’t as fast as an airplane. Buses are cheaper than trains. car tein ship airplane motorcycle (fast, cheap/expensive, convenient, ete.)3 Tactic practice Use the tactics you have practiced to answer the following questions, Zidentity adjectives and Questions 1-3 refer to the following article. adverbs ty eager High among the mary triumphs of man’s courage and spirit is Walter Drake's calls and Olivier Vogel's climb to the summit of Mount Everest without beeen 1. (A) amazement familiar with Sermes te (©) amazingly comparatives eee ‘and nit) supertatives are ‘oxygen tanks in 1987. E formed: ‘Although several attempts to climb Everest without addtional oxygen had been ‘made in the past, none had been successful. Drake and Vogel began moving ‘cautiously up the south ridge towards the summit, which they reached after a grueling climb at 10:30. They lingered .. ‘on the summit and then began 2. A) highly (8) shortly (©) brieny (0) auickly the tiring climb down the mountain. They said it was the 3. (A) great (8) greater (C) greatest (0) greatly test of endurance they had ever experienced.© Mini-test Now apply the Test tactics at the actual test speed with questions 1-12. Recommended Time: 9 minutes (oF less) Try using the 2-pass mothod to help you make the most of the time available. Try to spend no more than about 30-45 seconds on each item. if you don't know the: answer, guess and move on. Questions 1-3 refer to the following article. Classic Film Archive Coming Soon National Pictures has recently announced the re-release of some of the most famous films of the 1930s and 1940s, including Corsini’s Rome Viva oma, the ‘original 1937 version of The Angry Man, and the classic Drums Along Tho Zambezi, These are some of the most respected and talked-about tims of the. days of talking pictures. 1. (A) early ) final (©) happy (0) tong "National Pictures reported that the oricinal prints have been re-mastered and restored to modern digital standards by experienced fim 2. (A) care (8) careful (©) carefully (©) caring technicians to maintain the charm and flavor of the original prints. More information on these, and other films from National Pictures, can be found on their Web site, along with screen shots and ordering details. To access the ‘complete ... . of restored films, and order your own set, log on to 3. (A) costs (8) sample (©) movie (0) catalog www.nationalclassics.com today.Questions 4-6 refer to the following letter. Dear Mr. Phanom, Thank you very much for your interest in becoming a dealer for our “Iron Duke" mountain bike. As you are probably aware, ths is our latest model, and ie by far the... .- We have ever bull. 4. (A) strong (@) stronger (©) strongest (0) strongly We believe it is this proven durabilty, along with its styish dosign, that has ellowod it to quickly gain such popularity . . the cycling community 5. (A) within ©) into (©) about (0) of In answer to your question regarding how the Iron Duke has done in Asia, | can tell you that all of our retail partners there have reported that this year’s sales of the model have been .. «In fact, some of our dealers managed to sel their 6. (A) impres (8) wonying (C) disappointing (0) encouraged entire stock in the first month after delivery. |/am including a full dealer reference package. Ploaso don't hesitate to contact me if you have any further questions or would like to place an order. Yours sincerely, Wowace Minky Wallace Minkly Asia Sales Representative Avenger CycleQuestions 7-9 refer to the following letter. Dear Olag, am writing to let you know that on July 17 we are going be having @ party to celebrate the launch of our new GX99 line of mobile phones. This held 7 Wis (@) had been (©) was (0) will be. in the Ambassador Room in the Delton Grand hotel. I you are free on this evening | would be very happy if you could join us. Your help in promoting the GX50 series was invaluable and we expect that with your input, the new line will be even .. .. Successful than last year. 8. (A) oxtra (8) very (©) more (D) most | really hope you will be able to make the party as | expect that it will be an improssive one. In ase, | will givo you a call next week to set up 9. (A) no ®) any (©) every (0) some ‘a meeting to finalize the designs for the January campaign. Best regards and talk to you soon, MalesQuestions 10-42 refer to the following letter. Dear Bamaby, | have just returned from my visit to the Taiwan office and I must say | am impressed, with the local marketing team. They are all very motivated and about the 40. (A) enthusiasm enthusiast ©) enthusiestic () enthusasticaly new line of evening wear from our Pavis collection. One issue did arise regarding the details of sales plan. | think we may want to move MOF avnsnne OM the introduction than we had originally planned. (8) quickly (©) quicker (0) quickness We have: information that our largest competitor has also gone with a darker and more conservative pattern this year. | am worried that this will meke both product lines seem very .. 412. (A) modern (8) expensive (©) innovative (0) simitar We know they generally debut their line in May. As our image is based upon setting trends and being unique, | think we should push our release date up to March, Please consider this option and let's discuss it more fully when we meet on Monday. Mikakooe Grammar practice Adjectives and adverbs ‘A Look at the gaps in the sentences below and decide whether they require an adjective or adverb. Then select the best word of the correct type from the list, fon the right. A, John has «nu: had the best sales record for the last 5 years. a specifically 2. The print shop downstairs is quite expersive, but it Is certainty : b precise 3. Swiss watches are famous for their. timekeeping ee 4, The manager .. displayed the trophy his 4 \provaty branch had won for having the best sales record, 5. That company is famous for finding innovative solutions to difficult problems. 6. All new Staff fe eunnenn told not to make personal 1 convenient phone calls using the company line. B Choose four adjectives or adverts from the list in activity A and use them to write new sentences. Then test your classmates to see if they can choose the right words. ‘Comparative and Superlative forms ‘A Change the words to the correct form (if necessary) in order to complete the sentences, 4. Diamonds are much . than rubies. (expensive) 2. Many countries would like to have the ... building in the world. (tall) 3. The new apartment wasn't as had claimed. (big) 4. The summit of Mt Everest is the . place on earth. (high) 5. That company was {or its low prices than for the quality of its products. (famous) 6. Many people believe that a pound of lead IS conannune than @ pound of feathers. (heavy) B_ Write four more sentences about yourself, your family, or your country. Compare your sentences with your classmates. Go to word list and quiz page 179. a8 the advertisement.Reading Test Part 6 Text Completion (RSH 1 Language bu : Present/Past tense verb forms Beste onet Present tense verb forms Some aveleis Read the information about verb forms below. Then complete sentences 4-4 by using prod tour qs the correct present tense form of the verb. that feature dfterent tenses of the seme Present simple Present continuous pelea base form (he/shesit + 8) am/is/are + verb + Ing peotamengl (Happens regularly or always true) (Happening right now and not finished yet) necessery) then ee ee decide what terse is (Our summer interns work very hard, | am wating to seo the doctor eae ss EN ‘She works in the main office. He is waiting till her birthday to buy the choose the correct option PRE 1. They often play) golf with their customers on Saturday. 2. | wes just informed that the parts .......- (Stil/sit) on the ship waiting to be unloaded. 3. The customer (sign) his name on the insurance form as we speck. A, Maty sons (Work) a8 a cashier in the benk on Wilkins Street, Past tense verb forms Read the information about the verb forms below. Then complete sentences 5-8 by using the correct past tense form of the verb, Past simple ‘An action or actions completed in the past Eat oor iobe ®) @ was/were “base form + ng pase form +edorireauar | cls not + base orm | (pastacton hat continuec past S fora period oftime when 6 nother action interupted eg. The repair person aig | *MO*Per ation interupedt) Vinstated the softwere, | not ixtie protiem, | 2 They brought the package He was dein slowly. yesterey. They were working inthe office when the power went of 5, The Workers rns (Stand) round wafting forthe maragerto ave for overan hour 6. | snow (WOFR) the back When the customer arrived, 1 (drop) Saly off atthe bus stop more than an hour ago. 8. They . (not/go)to the conference.‘Sometimes the Sentence may not ‘lve enough intormation to ‘choose the correct In this case took at the restof the text 0 find the correct option. These ‘uestions can test eth grammatical and vocabulary knowledge. Folfow up: With your partner, compare your answers to questions 18, and pick out the word(s) in the sentence that told you what the verb form should be. 2 Test tactic: Use clues to choose the correct word A. Read the text and decide if the missing verb should be in present or past form, Circle the words of the text that helped you identify the correct tense. ‘Then with a partner guess the words that could go in each blank. All first-year engineering students (1) ......... the story of, Herbert Mansfield when they enter unlversty. 112) Present [1 Past Before his invention of the steam converter in 1903, Herbert (2) 85 a design engineer for a 207 Present [7 Past ‘manufacturing company. He (3) seonesu IM @ Small, tidy, Very average house ‘outside Billington. at the National Institute before receiving 31) Present [1] Past 40 Present (7 Past wasn’t until several years later that he (5) the invention that. would change the world, 5] Present [7] Past Many of the most influential scientists stil (6) to be the greatest breakthrough of the century. it 6(] Present [] Past Currently the city (7) important indivicual, a@monumenttothisvery | 7) present Past 8 Complete the text using the verbs in the box. Did you guess correctly? made believe lived studied isbuliding worked learn © Look at the sentences below. Look for clues in the sentences around each blank to hnelp you decide which word is correct. 4. Inthe winter the mountain trails aro icy and dangerous. Travelers are ‘encouraged to move along the marked paths. (A) rapidly (B) cheerfully (©) carefully (0) peritousty 2. The reports werent distributed were made available at the end. (A) atter(B) while (©) during (0) until 3. After several hours of discussion the deal was sill not signed. The main problem was the postponed, ) quality (@) price (©) sze (0) weignt 4, Iewasn't the largest company. It wos, one of the mest highly respected in te field, (A) furthermore (B) therefore (C) additionally (0) however D Follow up: Compare your answers with your partner and explain which ‘words gave you clues to the answers. the first part of the presentation. They Due to the budget, the purchase would need to be:% Choose the correct verb form. Zitthere are no clues in the sentence, lock to the rest of the tert. 3 Tactic practice Read the sentences for questions 1-3, decide which tense is needed and think of a word that would fit. Compare your ideas with a partner, Then quickly choose the correct answer. Questions 4-3 refer to the following letter. ‘Re: Diesel generator — Order No. 890008 Dear Mr. Johnson, 1am writing 10 compiain about the laige diesel generator that we from you. 41. (A) receive (6) received (©) are receiving (0) to recaive Upon unpacking the equipment, we found the width of the mounting brackets to be almost 8 inches longer than we had in our design specifications, 2. (A) noted informed (© talked (D) spoken ‘These will have to be replaced immediately as the generator must be installed by the end of the week. Furthermore, the unit was sent without an instruction manual for the main control unit. Please Send this out in the same shipment as the correct mounting bracket, Itis vital that we receive these parts by Tuesday. Late delivery .. our own Installation schedule. 3. (A) affects (©) affected (©) will affect (0) has affected Yours sincerely, thomas dardengs ‘Thomas Hardings Director© Mini-test Now apply the Test tactics at the actual test speed with questions 1-12. Recommended Time: 9 minutes (or 'ess) Try using the 2-pess method to help you make the most of the time available. Try to spend no more than about 30-45 seconds on each item. If you don't know the answer, guess and move on, Questions 1~3 refer to the following letter. Mr, Robert Cheung Sea Dragon Shipping 372 Clementi Ave 2403-149, SINGAPORE 120356 March 23 Dear Mr. Cheung, We have been 1. (A) vritten (©) reported (©) informed (©) said possible shipping problem. Specifically, the SS Liberty Star, due to arrive in Jakarta on March 22, a 2. (A) failed (8) fais (C) faling (0) fail by one of our clients, Mikra Electronics, Jakarta, of a to arrive as scheduled. This vessel was carrying a consignment (B/L 8674) for our client; we would lke to know why the vessel has been and when it is expected to arrive, 3. (A) delayed (B) replaced (C) done ©) rep: AA prompt reply wouid be appreciated inthis matter. Yours sincerely, rmersen Filhe Emerson FilhoQuestions 4-6 refer to the following memo. Memorandum To: Alvin Kurosawa, Vancouver Branch Manager From: Melville Bromurich, Accounting Section AWvin, am lust 4. (A) @) writing (©) written (2 to write in Vancouver at the end of next week for the annual expenses audit. Could you please ask one of your employees to arrange our accommodation? We are planning to arrive on the 14th and... On the 19th, 5. (A) left 8) leaving (C) had left (0) leave With the changes in deadlines, we are likely to be extremely busy. So don't think we will be able to find time to take in a hockey game 6. (A) whereas (8) tneretore (©) however (0) moreover to confirm that my colleague Tom Brooks and | will be as you had previously suggested. ‘Thanks in advance for any assistance with the hotels. We are looking forward to seeing you next week. Yours truly, Mel‘Questions 7-9 refer to the following letter. Mr. Nials Kirstein Olaf and Bohr Furnishings Kristianiagade 19 2100 Copenhagen Denmark, Dear Mr. Kirstain, ‘Your delivery of 150 hardwood table and chair sets (order# DH4589) 7. (A) arrives (8) arrived (©) wil arrive (0) arrive this morning, but unfortunately, when we opened them we discovered that there is ‘one leg missing from table, 8. (A) each © al (© some (D) any Obviously we will nead this problem corrected as soon as possible. We would ‘appreciate it if you could the missing 150 legs to our warehouse by this 9. (A) to send (®) sending (©) send (0) have been Friday, August 16, at the latest. | look forward to hearing from you in the next day or 90. ‘Yours sincerely, Difred hiely Alfred Axely Purchasing DirectorQuestions 10-42 refer to the following letter. = Or, Barbara Nauyen Family Medical Group 2825 Quebec St., Ste. 41 Denver, CO 60207 RE: Repair order #2089—P20 micro-video camera Dear Ms Nguyen, | am writing to you regarding the micro-video camera YOU .sxr..une With US 10. (A) left (8) were leaving (©) leave () will leave: {or repairs. After thoroughly inspecting it, | must inform you that it wil take approximately one Week longer fo repair than we originally thought. Whon we the inner 11. (A) cleaning (8) were cleaning (©) clean (0) have cleaned Workings as part of the maintenance procedure, we found that the shutter was slightly bent and the lens was damaged. We do have the I6NS on... Stock, but 12. (A) in (®) for (on Oa the shutter will need to be ordered from the manufacturer in Germany. | Would appreciate if you could call me to confirm that you wich us to proceed with the repairs, Yours sincerely, Cohn Bowie Colin Bowie Ed| Grammar practice Read three short texts and put the verbs in the correct tense. 1. Business letter Dear Mr. Jones, 1am writing in connection with the article you (4) .. this month's American Engineer. Our company (2) . ‘erospace industry and we think that your invention mets our specifications. Would you be able to meet with one of our design engineers next month? Currently we ei -(work) on a project related to your research and we might be interested in licensing your design. (write) that appeared in (make) parts for the 2. Complaint letter Last month your company (1) ....... (put) in new automatic doors on our ‘warchouse. Since then we have twice had problems with the motors. In the first ‘case, they didn’t (2) .......« (Open) when the operator (3) ......... (press) the button and we had to call in a mechanic to fix thera. In the Second ease, the ‘doors suddenly closed when a truck (4) .......» (Come) into the garage. This (8) «sss» (delay) the delivery ofan important consignment of goods. 3. Email Sally, Have you been told that Jack Benson (4) (work) on the Dorfin Project? As you know, he previously (2)q.ueun. (manage) our Texas outtit, DUE Ne (3) .eueuen JUS (arrive) this morning from Dallas and (4) (need) accommodation near the office. Go to word list and quiz page 173.Reading Test Liza ae) Incomplete Sentences [SERIO Language building: Gerunds and infinitives Lsdeavine wenehr Gerunds are verbs in their base form + -ing, e.g. doing. Infinitives are verbs in their Seventh bose form + to, eg todo. tthe answer ‘Verbs commonly followed by a gerund oeenicesenon All the verbs below can be followed by gerunds, but some do not fit into the fru and sentences. Choase the verbs from each Ist that do NOT fk the sentence, The fist one the verb in the poe tention bo help 6 A. | cannot eeunun meeting him before, J recall (Z] admit (1 remember — 2. He -snnee Smoking after his doctor ‘contemplated [] gave up [) quit wamed him of the dangers. 3. Increased sales indicate that customers [| appreciate [_] value [_] avoid etting the larger discount. ‘Testtip 4. Iestarts at 5 AM, But | noone getting — C] can't help ] don't ming up early. ‘am used 10 fetends.ond 5. The report infiitives systems in Fenieds joursey Follow up: Now write one sentence about yourself using a verb followed by @ gerund phrase tat rele and compare with a partner. sgerunds and Infinitives, As you recommends [] advises sks _ reviewing the security @ new building. Verbs commonly followed by infinitives take the test, say All the verbs below can be followed by infnitves, but some do not ft the meaning of the phases slerty the sentences. Choose the verbs from each ist that do NOT ft the sentence. The frst leyouet, andy one is dane for you. Sound woe nd 6. Although it was a reasonable offer, we] pretended [] persuaded [] forced these choices. them to increase it by 10%. T. Did you ........ 10 meet Mr. Yamamoto ["] intend ["] expect ["] hesitate when you were in Tokyo? 8. It was a successful sales meeting 1 oecidea [7 threatened [) agreed 8 they ~-..n.x 10 purchase fifty units. 9. Because he hada lot of experience, [| expected ["] prepared [] deserved Ne .......» tO be promoted. 10. Although he wasn't very fit, he still (1 managed [7 decided [7] reserved to complete @ full marethon, Follow up: Now write one sentence about yourself using a verb followed by an infinitive and compare with your partner.[TeStGPII) «2 Test tactic: Familiarize yourself with phrasal verbs Learn as mary phrasal verbs as Dossible Phrasal verbs are sometimes tested in the TOEIC tes. Familiarze yourself with as many common phrasal verbs as passive, ‘The term phrasal verb refers to a verb + patticle (le. adverb or preposition), which have a special meaning when used together. ‘A. Choose the correct phrasal verb on the right to match the meaning given. 1. to arrange (e.g. a meeting) OO set up. C1 call up 2, to complete a blank area ina form CO fitout C1 bring about 3. to support (eg. a colleague) © fallthrough [7] back up 4. to review or check something C1 g0 over 1 take over 5. to stop using something gradually () buy out (J phase out 6. to fail to stay on schedule C fall behind =) back out (of) 7. to investigate 1 00k into C1 fit in tor 8. to continue Co keep on CJ go through 9. to delay or reschedule something (shut off 1 put off 10. to consider carefully (1 runout of} think over 8 Choose the correct phrasal verb to complete the following sentences. 4. Despite working overtime every 5. Visitors to the United States are day for two weeks, he still TeqUIFEd 10 «evo. an immigration mane With his. Work. ‘questionnaire. (A) went through {A) bring about (8) backed up (8) think over (©) fell behing (0) fil out 2. The customer called three 6. The pianned merger between the times this morning to. Companies wn... because they meeting, ‘couldn't agree on the price, (A) set up (A) took over (8) call up (@) fell through (0) take over (©) backed out of 3. Iwas decided t0 nun. buying 7. When color televisions became the new equipment until next popular, black and white sets were year. gradually (A) put off (A) phased out (8) fill out (8) bought out (©) take over (©) setup 4, The judge promised to 8. A temporary worker was hired to ‘any new evidence as soon as oom Mary While she was on possible. vacation. (A) look out of (A) take over (8) 100k into (8) fin infor (©) look after (©) fall behingics. checklist Z Look at the verb in the ‘question to help you decide whether 2 gerund or an infinitive is neoded in the answer. Z Say phrases silent to yourself and try ‘to hear if they sound wrong. Familiarize yourself with as meny phrasal verbs as possible. 3 Tactic practice Use the toctics you have precticed to answer the following questions. 1. Although | advised her to go by train, she dk (A) drive (B) to drive (©) driving (0) drove 2. He was out when | called, but the receptionist Kindly OFFEFEM soon @ message for me. (A) to take (8) taken {©} took (0) taking 3. Itappears that our competitors are CONSIDETINE, -nmaen Our takEOVER proposal. (A) to accept (B) accept (©) accepting (0) accepted oe Mini-test 4. The president's limousine should be here soon, as we are expecting Hi sane BY 7 PM (A) arrival (8) toorrive (©) arrive (©) arriving Recommended Time: 6 minutes (or less) Try using the 2-pass method to help you make the most of the time available. Try to spend no more than about 30 seconds on each item. If you don't know the answer, guess and move on, 4. When buying a now car, itis QVISADIE 10 ene the DESt Beal you can fing. (A) go through (B) look for (©) getinto (©) fit out 5. We are . on you to make a ood impression at the conference next month. (A) taking (8) counting (©) putting (©) pioking ‘After waiting for more than thirty minutes for my entrée to arrive, | ‘asked ....... to the manager. (A) speak (8) speaking (C) spoken (0) to speak 6. ‘Now apply what you have learnt at the actual test speed with questions 1-12. 2, The feeling ...... the judges was ‘that the submission had not been researched thoroughly enough. (A) along (8) among (0) after (0) around3, During the winter months many 8. Mr Tan usu t0:368 the people enjoy .....@ variety of presentation before he made the indoor sports. decision, (*) play () tikes (8) toplay (6) wouta tke (©) to be playing (©) would have tikes (0) playing (0) haa tiked 9. The general manager has been 4, Although | was pleased when | a el a es Bie Raugie ths coirete | ete) issue for several months, regretted not . advanced model. (A) putting out (A) waiting (©) putting off (8) wait (©) fing out (©) towait (0) fing in fo: Dye eened 10. Mast workplace errors... 8. She WS omnen Up by her careless practices amongst grandparents from the age of ‘employees. seven, (A) ster from (A) brought (@) teave out (8) raised eat (©) taken (0) get into oes A. sons VISIOFS 10 the region visit Employees currently vein the unique Al Hesqua mosque. overseas postings are eligible for ‘ay Met an additional nousing allowance. oe (8) work oder (8) worked Hee (6) towork - wit . Union leaders agreed to meet with management in order to talk sosnuse aN alternative proposal. 7. The first applicant seemed to enjoy asked about his previous: A) with (A) tobe (C) to (B) be (D) over {C) being (0) had been 1€ABOD 72800 2 BO@OQ 8 aOQ g 2 DOOD 9X BOO HEE 6 ®®OO ROBO 8© Vocabulary practice ‘A. Most phrasal verbs are made ftom very simple and common words. The articles below can be completed using phrasal verbs that stert with take or look. Choose the correct particle to complete the phrasal verbs below. (More than one answer may be possible.) Advertisement IF you are 10Oking (4)..0u..2s00- 8 fOlaxing vacation, then perheps you should consider the Hotel du RhOne. Our highly-rained staft will take (2). all your needs. We guarentee that you'll have wonderful memories that you'll ook @. for years to come. Company statement AAs you know, we were in a three-way bate for ownership of Mediacom. We tried our best to take (4) this company, but unfortunately our attempt was unsuccessful. However, it may not be all bad news, as we are currently looking ©. some very interesting partnerships in Asia and our initial discussions have been very promising, Phrasal verbs with take and look Yew Meaning vero meaning ‘ake over assume conrolof Tne | look afer care fr, nurture (My sinaler frm was taken mother looked afte me cover by its larger when | was sick.) competitor.) look for ‘search (I've been looking len learn (There R so muah for my car keys take in nen starting everywhere ut | can’t new job.) seem to find them.) take up ‘Start a new activity look up to admire, resect (! really: (Idecided to take up golf look up to my father. He's after ining the company) achieved so mucin his iakeeareor beresponsibiefor(i@ne |__e) care of the arrangements | look into ‘investigate [I'l look into for tomorrow's meeting.) the best way of getting to take off remove (He took off his ‘the airport.) jacket when he came look back on consider the past (When home from work.) ‘he looked back on his life, ‘Bleak dspose of (ake out he he was glad he had dane garbage when you ea, | __smany ferent ngs) would you?) look forward Anticipate eagerly (| am tale beck rete Im sorrylealed |‘ realy looking forward to you a fool. take it back.) | ___the holidays this year.) B Now write four sentences about your life using phrasal verbs with take and look. Tell them to your partner in the next lesson. Check a dictionary for other examples of phrasal verbs and note how they are used. Go to Word list and quiz page 178.Reading Test Ta a) Text Completion (RSP 1. Language building: Ways of talking about the future amy Teetence sven ‘A Look at some common ways of tlking about the future forms shown in the Renee examples below. rari ani ‘ll/be goIng to- plus base verb form _—Present continuous ~ am/is/are tomorrow, Examples plus verb + ing limes ‘Ate you going 10 work on Saturday? Exemples fur form ray be ‘They are going to buy the parts in ‘Ym meeting the chairman at 3:00. requires. Australia: Mr. Bells not coming to Paris next Do you think they will accept the offer? peeks “They will not attend the presentation Ave they bringing the documents? tomoriow. B Complete the sentences usirig the correct form of the verb 1. Will they... (send) us the agenda? 2. | am ....... (discuss) the contract with them at the upcoming meeting. 3. lam going to . (see) him at next May's sales meating, 4. | promise that | will. 5. He isnot... (Send) the invoices to you by the end of the week, .. taka) the samples to the customer. 6. Why aren't they going to. (meet) the schedule? Follow up: Now write two sentences about yourself: one sentence using will/going to ‘and one sentence using the present continuous. You could write about a job, studies, holidays, travel, or other plans. Compare your sentences with a partner,[ESCH 2 Test tactic: Look for clues to help you choose the correct ‘The sentence gives. cues tothe correct perfect form (perfect form A Look at the forms shown in the examples below. Look for time woe Perfect simple (present/past) Perfect continuous (present/past) etc. to indicate that = has/have/had + pest participle ~ has/have/nad been + verb + ‘ng a perfect frm may amples Examples Parent, Have you ever worked in Asia? ‘hey have been discussing the plans for ‘She hasn’t seen the new outlines yet. ‘more than three hours. He had already solved the problem He had not been paying the sales staff (epee "Yor several months prior othe closure. B_ Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentences. aL. How long have you ........ By your present {@) been employed ‘company? (b) being empioyed (employed (0) be employed 2. Bill has been ....... in Belgium since 1994. (2) worked (b) works, () working. (6) work 3. The interviewer had already been for (@) wait an hour when she arrived, (b) warts (©) waited (@) waiting, 4, We Niad not ..... a chance to meet the new (@) having director before the conference, (b) have (nad (@) been having Follow up: Now write two sentences about yourself: one sentence using the perfect simple and one sentence using the perfect continuous. Compare your sentences with a partner.Lee ieee Watch for word clues of future forms, Z Wate for word clues of perfect forns. Read the other sentences in the text to help you tofind out ‘when the action happens. 3 Tactic practice Use the tactics you have practiced to complete the following, For each answer ‘underline the words that helped you and compare your answer with a partner. Questions 4-3 refer to the following letter. Dear Mr. Blackburn, | am writing about the position in the accounting department that we spoke about last month. As you know | .. «to work for a year before returning to school 1. (A) was planned (8) had been planning (©) will plan (0) had been planned to finish my masters course, Since we spoke, my situation has changed. | am now -.. to start my course 2 (A) intend (8) intendod (C) have intended (0) intending this coming September, which means that unfortunately | will have to refuse your offer of a job for the coming year hope this will not cause you any inconvenience. | would like to take this opportunity ‘0 thank you for your support in the past two years. Without your help | would not . able to gain such valuable experiance in accounting, 3. (A) be (8) been (C) have been (0) being Thank you again for your offer and all your help. Sincerely, Brad berkistseo Mini-test Now apply what you have learnt at the actual test speed with questions 1-12. Recommended Time: 9 minutes (or less) Try using the 2-pass method to help you make the most of the time available. Try to spend no more than about 30-45 seconds on each item. if you dont know the ‘answer, guess and move on. Questions 4-3 refer to the following article. Problems at Beeton Steel Beeton Steel Company announced today that they vill Be s....-un. thelt 1. A) close ® closed (©) have closed © closing \Miltown plant at the end of this year. John Leighton, a spokesman for Beston, reported that costs at the facility had been rising for some time and that atlempts to increase profitablity and reduce costs 2. (A) had failed (©) will fail ©) fais (0) could have failed Union officials have expressed concen for the workers employed at the facility. Up to 2,000 employees could lose thelr JObS .....nn the company changes 8. (A) after (8) when (©) unless Oi