II.

Pre – Colonial Philippines

A. Government
>Barangay – composed of 30 to 100
families. Decentralized government
>Datu or Rajah – chieftain rules of the
barangays or Muslim community >exercise
>executive, legislative, and judicial
powers.
 >Trial by Ordeal – torture Filipinos who
disobey the government.
B. Economics
>Barter system – gold, salt, and rice.
C. Social Class
>Social class ranks:
>1 Datu Class or the ruling
st

class. Boxer codex – only men were

qualified for the title.
 nd
>2 Maharlika or aristocracy.
Believed to be descendants of mixed
marriages between a ruling dynasty and
one out of power.
rd
>3 Timagua or the common class.
Enjoyed their rights to a portion of
barangay land.
th
>4 Alipin (ulipon) the dependent
class. Was an indebted to another.
 Two Types of Alipin:
1. Aliping namamahay (on call)
2. Aliping sagigilid (stay in)
D. Education
>Writing System – Baybayin
>Informal education – apprenticeship.
>Education Aimed for:
>survival and conformity
>enculturation