Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Informatika dan Bisnis Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: ratih.hadiantini@unibi.ac.id
ABSTRACT
E-commerce is a business model that performs transactions using the internet and is implemented digitally to
facilitate transactions between organizations and individuals. E-commerce covers the process from
distribution, sale, purchase, marketing and service of a product which is carried out in an electronic system,
namely the internet. E-commerce competition in Indonesia is very fierce because many e-commerce from
abroad also compete and become the prima donna in Indonesia. In this study, the value of the influence of
customer value, customer experience, user experience, brand image, price, productivity, service quality and
trust in customer satisfaction will be sorted. The research conducted is descriptive analytic which will explain
what factors affect consumer satisfaction in shopping on e-commerce. The approach used in this research is
the cross section approach, in which the measurement of the variable is only done with momentary
observations or in a certain period and each study is only carried out once. The research was conducted on
respondents who had purchased online via e-commerce, either directly from the website or via the mobile
application. The results of data analysis show that there are variables that significantly affect customer
satisfaction. The amount of influence obtained includes user experience, customer experience, promotion,
service quality, brand image, customer value, trust and price. The amount of influence for user experience is
15.3%, customer experience 13.9%, promotion 7.5%, service quality 27.6%, brand image 27.4%, customer
value 18, 4%, trust 10.15 and price 1.2%.
Keywords: E-commerce, consumer satisfaction, Consumer Behavior
1. INTRODUCTION
The development of technology at this time cannot be The role of technology is very important and influences
denied that it is also supported by the industrial revolution every business activist in running a business. By utilizing
which has shifted to the digital area increasingly for the role of technology in carrying out business processes,
consumers and business people to make more use of companies in providing services to their customers will be
technology in their daily lives. Business models that are faster. Because basically every company has a goal that to
increasingly developing by utilizing existing technology create optimal customer satisfaction. One of the factors
and shifting consumer behavior lead entrepreneurs to be that affect customer satisfaction is service quality, the
better at making innovations so as not to be defeated by aspect that is measured in the quality of service for a
their competitors. To increase business and sales, many service is whether the user is satisfied or not when using
company used electronic commerce (e-commerce). E- the service so that from this aspect it can be seen whether
commerce is a business model that conducts transactions the quality of the service provided is good or not [2].
using the internet and is implemented digitally to facilitate Service quality is not the only factor that determines
transactions between organizations and individuals. E- customer satisfaction. Consumers also often viewed in
commerce covers the process from distribution, sale, terms of prices, a lack of compatibility between price and
purchase, marketing and service of a product which is quality of products or services obtained is one factor that
carried out in an electronic system called internet [1]. can determine customer satisfaction [3]. There are also
other factors that can affect customer satisfaction, consumed [7]. According to Kotller and Keller (2012)
including brand image, promotion and trust [4]. satisfaction is a feeling of pleasure or disappointment in
Consumer trust in online shopping is a difficult obstacle someone who appears after comparing the performance or
for dealing with the attitude of consumer behavior. The results of a product that is thought to the performance or
number of cyber crimes is one that affects consumer trust expected results. If the performance feels below, the
in e-commerce. consumer is not satisfied. If the performance exceeds
Competition in Indonesia is very fierce because many e- expectations, the consumer will be very happy or satisfied.
commerce from aboard compete and become in the first Consumer satisfaction is the perception of a product or
rank on market share in Indonesia. The following is a map service that has met expectations. Therefore, consumers
of e-commerce in Indonesia based on the average website will not be satisfied, if consumers have the perception that
visitors in each quarter, ranking of applications and met their expectations [8]. Consumer satisfaction is a
followers on social media. response or assessment of the performance of the product
or service. Following are the dimensions of customer
Table 1 Rank E-commerce in Indonesia satisfaction according to Tjiptono (2011): (1) Overall
Satisfaction; (2) Confirmation of Expectation and (3)
Order Q4 2018 Q4 2019 Q2 2020 Comparison to Ideal And indicators of customer
1 Tokopedia Shopee Shopee satisfaction are (a) desire or expectation of consumers to
2 Bukalapak Tokopedia Tokopedia continue using the services; (b) consumers' willingness to
3 Shopee Bukalapak Bukalapak recommend to others and (c) satisfied with the quality of
4 Lazada Lazada Lazada services provided.
5 Blibli Blibli Blibli
From Table 1 shows that currently e-commerce in the first 2.2 Customer Value
rank is Shopee, where we know that Shopee is an e-
Zenithal give a definition or understanding of customer
commerce merchant that does not come from Indonesia.
value as an overall assessment of consumer to the utility of
Increase rapidly from rank 3 to rank 1 has shifted the e- a product based on perceptions of what is acceptable and
commerce which comes from Indonesia, namely what is given [7]. Customer value is the consumer
Tokopedia. This sequence is based on the number of visits perception of the value of top quality offered relatively
a website, app downloaders car and followers on social higher than competitors will affect the level of consumer
media. The consumer experience in shopping on a website loyalty, the higher the value perceived by the customer by
or e-commerce application is the most important thing to customer, the greater the likelihood of a relationship
form consumer satisfaction. The user experience is (transaction) [9]. Dimensions of customer value according
generated from the product itself used in real life. User to Tjiptono (2005:298), among them are: (a) emotional
experience is often overlooked even though it is one of the value; (b) social value; (c) quality / performance value; (d)
assessment of whether the product can be considered a
price / value of money.
success or not [5]. To retain customer loyalty we need a
strategy that not only focus on quality but also on
customer experience that can increase consumer’s
satisfaction. Customer experience is the internal and 2.3 Customer Experience
subjective response of consumers as a result of direct or
Customer experience is the customer feedback internally
indirect interactions with the company [6]. Consumer
and subjectively as a result of interaction directly or
value is also very important as a consumers overall utility
indirectly with the company. This direct relationship is
assessment of the product based on their perception [7].
usually due to the initiative of the consumer. This usually
When a product can meet customer value, the customer
occurs in the purchasing and service department. While the
will feel happy and satisfied because of what he hoped for
indirect relationships often involve unplanned encounters,
in accordance with what they have earned.
such as the appearance of the product and the brand,
Based on the phenomenon that has been described in this
advertising, and other promotional events [10]. Customer
study will be sorted the influence of customer value,
experience is as stimulating cognitive recognition or
customer experience, user experience, brand image, price,
perception of customer motivation. This recognition or
promotion, service quality and trust to customer
perception can increase the value of products and services.
satisfaction.
Customer experience is the result of consumer interactions
with companies physically and emotionally [11].
2. LITERATURE REVIEW Successful businesses are influenced by consumer interest
in the product, service or the company itself, authentic
2.1 Consumer Satisfaction experiences that create personal value. In this case,
consumer experience is a growing priority in marketing
Consumer satisfaction is an emotional response that is felt research, because consumer experience determines the
by consumers on the evaluation of product that their quality perceived by consumers in competitive
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competition. Consumer experience has a different concept exchanged in order to obtain ownership or user rights for
with the quality of service because it requires the goods and services [7]. The Price isdimentions are :
appropriate measurement [12]. Here is an indicator of
customer experience : (a) Sense, which is owned by the Cost oriented pricing, is pricing that is solely to
human senses as a means to taste the products and services take into account costs and is not market
offered; (B) Feel, the flavor is displayed through ideas, oriented. It consists of two types: a. Mark up
pleasures, and reputation for customer service; (C) Think, pricing and b. Target pricing,
that intelligence requires experience with the aim of
creating cognitive and problem-solving experience with Demand oriented pricing, determining the price
creatively engaging consumers; (D) Act, which is designed by considering the state of demand, market
to create a consumer experience that relates to the physical conditions and consumer desires, consists of: a.
body; (D) Relate, the relationship with other people, other Perceived value pricing, and b. Demand
social groups (such as employment, lifestyle) or a wider differential pricing
social identity.
Competition oriented pricing, set a selling price
oriented to competitors, consisting of: a. Going
2.4 User Experience rate pricing, and b. Sealed bid pricing,
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dimensions: physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, certain period and each study is only carried out once [9].
assurance, and empathy. The research was conducted on respondents who have
purchased online via e-commerce, either directly from the
2.9 Trust website or via the mobile application. The variables in this
study are divided into two, namely the graphical variable
Trust is a characteristic that is determined by factors of and the independent variable. The independent variables
uncertainty, volatility and dependence. Trust is defined as used in this study are customer satisfaction and the
the dimension of a relationship that determines the degree independent variables used are customer value, customer
to which a party feels that they can trust the integrity of the experience, user experience, brand image, price,
promises offered by the other party . Trust (trust) in this promotion, service quality and trust. Figure 1 below is a
case is a feeling to be able to trust the other party for all distinguishing framework in this study:
the promises that have been given. explained that the
relationship between companies and consumers is largely
determined by trust and commitment [18]. Trust is related
to emotional bonding, namely the ability of a person to
entrust a company or brand to carry out a function, so that
it can be estimated that trust will have a positive
relationship with repurchase interest and loyalty. The
successful business is influenced by consumer interest in
products, services or the company itself, authentic
experiences that create personal value. In this case,
consumer experience is a growing priority in marketing
research, because consumer experience determines the
quality perceived by consumers in competitive
competition. The consumer experience has a different
concept from service quality because it requires
appropriate measurement. Dimensions of trust;
a. Trusting Belief
Trusting belief is the extent to which a person
believes and feels confident about other people
in a situation. Trusting belief is the perception of
the believer (consumers) to trusted parties where
the company has characteristics that will benefit Figure 1. Research Framework
consumers. In ref [19], states that there are three
elements that build trusting belief, namely The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire,
trusting belief, namely benevolence, integrity, where the questionnaire was distributed to 150
competence. respondents, but only 116 respondents returned the
b. Trusting intention questionnaire. So the sample used in this study were 116
Trusting intention is a deliberate thing where a respondents. The hypothesis in this study is:
person is ready to depend on others in a
situation. This happens privately and leads H0 : There is no significant influence between variables
directly to other people. Trusting intention is User Experience (X1), Customer Experience (X2),
based on a person's cognitive trust in others. Promotion (X3), Service Quality (X4), Brand
state that there are two elements that build Image (X5), Customer Value (X6), Trust (X7), and
trusting intention, namely the willingness of Price (X8) to Customer Satisfaction (Y).
consumers to depend on the company and the H1 : There is a significant influence between variables
willingness of consumers subjectively. 1) User Experience (X1), Customer Experience (X2),
Willingness to depend, 2) Subjective probability Promotion (X3), Service Quality (X4), Brand
of depending [19]. Image (X5), Customer Value (X6), Trust (X7), and
Price (X8) to Customer Satisfaction (Y).
3. METHODOLOGY
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The research conducted is descriptive analytic which will
explain what factors affect consumer satisfaction in Following are the results of the analysis of data that have
shopping on e-commerce. The approach used in this study been processed using SPSS:
is the cross sectional approach, where the measurement of
the variable is only done by observing a moment or in a
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4.1 Multicollinearity Test multicollinearity is the tolerance value < 0.1 or equal to
value of VIF > 10. otherwise if VIF < 10 then
Multicollinearity test aims to test whether the regression multicollinearity does not occur.
model found a correlation between independent variables. Table 2 shows that the value of VIF (variance inflation
A good regression model should be independent, there is factor) < 10 then multicollinearity does not occur (non-
no correlation between the independent variables. If there multikolinearitas).
is a correlation, then there is a multicollinearity problem.
The value that is commonly used to indicate
Unstandardized Collinearity
Model T Sig.
coefficients Statistics
Std. Toler
B Beta VIF
Error ance
(Constant) 4.672 2.090 2.235 .027
X1 .153 .088 .147 1.730 .087 .873 1.146
X2 .139 .121 .102 1.145 .255 .805 1.242
X3 .075 .143 .045 .529 .598 .871 1.148
X4 .276 .101 .250 2.721 .008 .754 1.326
X5 .274 .131 .201 2.088 .039 .687 1.456
X6 .184 .121 .138 1.525 .130 .776 1.289
X7 .101 .176 .050 .573 .568 .830 1.204
X8 .012 .102 .011 .122 .903 .739 1.353
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Table 4 shows that the dew value is 1,923 then this value Figure 2 shows the Normal P-P Plot Graph, it can be seen
is compared to 2. Because this value is very close to 2, the that the points spread around the line and follow the
assumption of no autocorrelation is fulfilled. diagonal line, then the residual value has a normal
distribution.
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Unstandardized Collinearity
Model T Sig.
coefficients Statistics
Std.
B Beta Tolerance VIF
Error
(Constant) 4.672 2.090 2.235 .027 4.672 2.090
X1 .153 .088 .147 1.730 .087 .153 .088
X2 .139 .121 .102 1.145 .255 .139 .121
X3 .075 .143 .045 .529 .598 .075 .143
X4 .276 .101 .250 2.721 .008 .276 .101
X5 .274 .131 .201 2.088 .039 .274 .131
X6 .184 .121 .138 1.525 .130 .184 .121
X7 .101 .176 .050 .573 .568 .101 .176
X8 .012 .102 .011 .122 .903 .012 .102
R 567
R Square 321
Adjusted R Square 271
Fhitung 6.336
Ftabel 2.02
Sig F 0
Ttabel 1.98
N 166
8. Each contribution made by price will affect customer individual independent variables have a significant effect
satisfaction (Y) by 1.2% with the assumption that price on the dependent variable and to prove the variable which
compatibility and price competitiveness can increase one is the most dominant then the standardized t test and
customer satisfaction by 1.2%. Beta Coefficient are used. Based on the results of SPSS ver
9. The value of Adjusted R Square (Coefficient of 26.0, the following results were obtained.
Determination) shows a value of 0.271 or 27.1% The F test is used to test whether all the independent
indicating that the ability to explain the independent variables are jointly or simultaneously, namely User
variables is User Experience (X1), Customer Experience (X1), Customer Experience (X2), Promotion
Experience (X2), Promotion (X3), Service Quality (X3), Service Quality (X4), Brand Image (X5), Customer
(X4), Brand Image (X5). ), Customer Value (X6), Value (X6), Trust (X7), and Price (X8) on Customer
Trust (X7), and Price (X8) to Customer Satisfaction Satisfaction (Y).
(Y) of 27.1%, while the remaining 72.9% is explained The analysis above has 9 variables, namely Y, X1, X2, X3,
by other variables outside the 8 independent variables X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8, then you will get the value of k =
which are not included in the model. 9 and the number of samples is 116. So you will get the
10. Standard Error of Estimates is 2.64005 in this case the degree of numerator k-1 = 9- 1 = 8, for the denominator the
smaller the SEE makes the regression model more value (nK) will be obtained 116-9 = 107 with a real level of
precise in predicting the dependent variable. 5%. Then it will be found the value of the F table with the
numerator degree 8 and the denominator degree 107 is
2.02. Shows that the calculated F value is greater than the F
table (F count ≥ F table).
4.6 Hypothesis Testing
Based on Table 7, it shows that the simultaneous
There are two hypotheses to be tested by using multiple hypothesis test results (F test) from the calculation results
linear regression analysis. The aim is to test and find out obtained the calculated F value of 6.336 (significance F =
about the influence of User Experience (X1), Customer 0.000). So F count> F table (6.336> 2.02) or sig F <5%
Experience (X2), Promotion (X3), Service Quality (X4), (0.000 <0.05). This means that together the independent
Brand Image (X5), Customer Value (X6), Trust (X7), and variables consisting of User Experience (X1), Customer
Price ( X8) on Customer Satisfaction (Y) to show whether Experience (X2), Promotion (X3), Service Quality (X4),
all the independent variables included in the model have a Brand Image (X5), Customer Value (X6), Trust (X7) ), and
significant effect together (Simultaneously) on the Price (X8) has a significant effect on Customer Satisfaction
dependent variable, the F test is used to determine whether (Y).
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5. CONCLUSION
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