APPH2_Notes2key Page | of 6 ered Notes: Third Law to Friction #17, 1%, 2023 4.4 Newton's Third Law + object 1 and object 2 interact, the force exerted by object I on object 2is equal in magnitude but ‘opposite indirection to the force exerted by object 2.on object | ‘©. Equivalent to saying e single isolated force cannot exis, + FI2 may be called the action force and F21 the reaction force © Actually either force can be the action or the reaction force + ThélKction and reaction forces act on different objects Some Action- Reaction Pairs + Randa’ (© fi isthe normal force, the force the table exerts on the TV © A isabways perpendicular tothe surface fi" isthe reaction the TV om the table o Aa + Bande, oF isthe force the Earth exerts on the object © & isthe force the object exerts on the Forces Acting on an Object + _ Newton's Law uses the forces acting on an object 1 and Fre asing onthe objetAPPHD. Notes2key Page 20f6 + i and Fare acting on other objects @ wick Quis 45 A smal spon car cles hea on with a massive truck. The greater impact force Gn “ magnitude) acts on a thecar ® thetruck neither, the for is the same on both Which vehicle undergoes the greater magnitude acceleration? the car the truck ¢the accelerations are the same 4.5 Applications of Newton's Laws a + Assumptions + Objects behave as paricles © can ignore rotational motion (for now) + Masses of strings o ropes are negligible Interested only inthe flores ating onthe object, e © can neglect eatin forces Free Body Diagram x + Mast identity all he forces acting on the objec of intrest + Choose an appropriate cordate system F 5 + Fike fee body diagram is incoret, the solution wll tikelybe incorrect + The force Fis the tension acing onthe box ‘The tension isthe same at all points along the rope + hand P, are the forces exerted by the earth andthe ground + Only forces acting directly on the abject are included inthe free body diagram Reaction forces act on other objects and so are not included ‘The reaction forces do not directly influence the object's motion ‘Solving Newton's Second Law Problems Read the problem atleast once Draw a picture ofthe system[APPH2_Notes2key Page 3 of 6 + Identify the object of primary interest Indicate forces with arrows + Label each force + Use labels that bring to mind the physical quantity involved + Draw a fiee body diagram + Tfadditional objects are involved, draw separate free body diagrams foreach object Choose « convenient coordinate system foreach object ‘Apply Newton's Second Law +The x-and y-components shouldbe taken from the vector equation and written separately + Solve forthe unknown(s) Equilibrium + An object either at rest or moving with a constant velocity is sid tobe in equilibrium ‘The net force acting on the object is zero (since the acceleration i zero) YF=0 «Etro work with he equion interns of component DF, =O and SF, =0 + Thiscould be extended tore dimensions ‘Quick Quiz 4.6: Consider the two situations shown in Figure 4.11, in 3 whic thre io acceleration. In both cae, the men pl with fre iS A of magitde. sth eadig onthe sale in prof the gre a. greater than the reading in part ii . esha the reading in parti : 6. eu tthe eding np i AAPPH2_Notes2key Page 4 0f6 Example 45 A traffic light weighing 1.00 x 10? N hangs from a vertical cable tied to two other cables that ae fastened to support, asin the diagram. The upper cables make angles of 37.0° and $3.0 ° with @ the horizontal, Find the tension in each of the three cables, Light Fed te rack FD thw SF oMazo ik NLA “+0 7] Ts oF; teow Mar d T, 8:03 20° (7, S:aS3.0% 10 i ; : Q ob TSin320" + 13537 lean 7, = Cou Tes b337, = 249” (@ Example 4.6:_A child holds a sled at rest on a frictionless, snow-covered hill, as shown in the diagram. "Ifthe sled weighs 77.0 N, find the force exerted by the rope on the sled and the magnitude of the force 7 exerted by the ill on the sled eho. 2F>Max =o "3 SheO % THO -mysne-0 ; ova -us fest 1-72. 0W5:830°=0) n= (7.00 Yeosse9 T233.5¥ ; ee ne 6L2NAPPH2_Notes2key Page 5 of 6 Example 4.7 The combined weight of the crate and dolly inthe diagram is 3.00 x 102 N. Ifthe man @ aitsonthe rope wih a constant force of 20.0N, wha is the acceleration of ther system (rate plus dolly), and how far wilt move in 200 s? Assume thatthe system starts from rest and that there are no fietion fores opposing the motion, * a ab wy ai we m= We Zoe 3, 6% 9 Fhe Aye 22.2) ah Boek EOE Ax: Voks bat™ =O + doasepylrery® sample ih Stor mas is onan cy riven icine at an ane 0= 2007 asnthe gam 2 Determine he carton ofthe ca, suing tha the nln sone @ _& iret orth rveway is 250m andthe car stat fom et ate op how long desi take orl othe baton? ‘Whats te car's spend tthe ton? 6) SFeme, Reema Fa ttys Ma, By y> Ma, = © fa Seo Oi falar TMG beso NAO m m nary bes & y= 9 Sine = (4 54a) brn 20.0) "3 35's 8) px- Dat rbad asu- 0 dbase) $= 3.5650 Omir: ® +at ® 0 + (335% )(3.%s) = 12.9%APPHD.Notesthey Page 60f6 Example 49 A man wighs fish wih spring sale attached to the ceiling ofan elevator, as shown in the diagram. While the eevatoris at re, he measures a weight of 40.0 N @ ‘What weight does the scale read ifthe elevator accelerates upward at 2.00 mis! ? 8 What does the scale ead ifthe clovatr accelerates downward at 2.00 mi?” 6. Ifthe elevator cable breaks, what does the sale ead? ey a Ga; a) Fema Tomy = mon To Mgrma emg 2 +4) we Ww mgro) 5 1 T+ 40% G58 420). goo > YBIN 4a b) Te mgs ma Tem(sr4) = 4.01, (9.5% —2.00 tt) T= 3I5N ) a ales) = 4089 9.9%9 ~9 =O