RIGHT TO DEFEND SELF OF AN INDIVIDUAL AND A NATION

INTRODUCTION

The origin of the concept Self-defense dates back to centuries, there was a time when any killing,
even in self-defense would amount to crime, irrespective of the circumstances, the remedy was
either monetary compensation or forfeiture of the accused’s land. The advent of the statute of
Gloucester in 1278, allowed the accused to plead pardon if he had did something in self-defense or
accident.

Balbir Singh v. State, ILR (1959) 2 P&H 1473 (P&H)

https://www.jstor.org/stable/4505858?seq=7#metadata_info_tab_contents

international statue #51 AND  Nicaragua Case  & Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
The Caroline affair has been used to establish the principle of "anticipatory self-defense"