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314 BOUNDATION DESIGN MANU laboratory triaxial tests, fan equation for the I=modulus of inertia of footing. modulus of subgrade reaction. According to ye Vesic, »=Poisson’s ratio for soil. Although Vesic did not say so, it is obvie Ee ( E.B* yn that confining cell pressure (34) should be 1 Bol presentative of the depth of average stn w.(A-4.4.1) Influence zone (about 0°5 B to B), A-4.5, Empirical Values of ke keep =0°65- where ky=modulus of fsubgrade reaction of footing of width B. _ In absence of relevant tests, values giv By, Es=respectively modulus of elasticity in Table A-4,5,1 may be used asa guide of footing and soil selecting modulus of subgrade reaction. TABLE A-4.5,1. Values of Modulus of Subgrade Reaction ku, in kg/em?® (KN/m?), for 30 cm x30 em Plate* Granular Sotle Precompreased Olaye Desorption Relative Density Consistency Loose | Medium | Dense Shift | Very sug] Haw 9.5—32 |Range of | 1.6—3.2 | 3.2—6.4 | 6.4— Dry or moist Soe At ee it (93200— | values | (15700— | (31400— | (6280 sand (limiting | (5880—| (i9600— values) 19600) | 93200) ] 313800) 31400) | 62800) | 1256¢ Dry or moist | 1.3 42 16.0 Proposed | 2.4 48 96 sand (12750) | (41200) | (1,57,000)| values | (23500) | (47000) | (940 (proposed) Submerged sand| 0.8 2.5 96 (proposed) | (7850) | (24500) | (94100) *From Terzaghi (1955). Values in () are in KN/m®. (+) For normally consolid clays the values of ke are so small that structures resting on this material should be treate rigid members. (t+) The rigidity of footings or any members resting on soil may be defined by following : The member is rigid if Lay (ASS ‘The member is intermediate if, 7

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