972H Hydraulic Control System Operation

972H Wheel Loader A7G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C13 Engine(SEBP...
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Shutdown SIS
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Product: WHEEL LOADER
Model: 972H WHEEL LOADER A7G00045
Configuration: 972H Wheel Loader A7G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C13 Engine
Systems Operation
966H Wheel Loader and 972H
Wheel Loader Electrohydraulic System
Media Number -RENR8857-05 Publication Date -01/10/2011 Date Updated -27/10/2011
i04224371
Main Control Valve

SMCS - 5051-MV
Illustration 1 g01195261
261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic
(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)
(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)
(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve
(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)
https://127.0.0.1/sisweb/sisweb/techdoc/techdoc_print_page.jsp?returnurl=/sisweb/sis... 11/01/2022
972H Wheel Loader A7G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C13 Engine(SEBP... Page 2 of 18
(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)
(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)
(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction) (Ride Control Accumulator)
(8) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line)
(9) 313-7668 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)
(10) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control, Lift Cylinder)
(11) 325-7145 Ride Control Accumulator
(12) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line)
(13) 225-0300 Solenoid Valve (Hydraulic Lockout)
(14) 245-2975 Pilot Oil Accumulator (Dead Engine Lower)
(15) 112-1817 Manual Valve (Dead Engine Lower)
(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve
(17) 4T-7581 Relief Valve (Ride Control)
(18) 282-4349 Pressure Reducing Valve
(19) 193-1665 Pressure Reducing Valve (Signal Duplication)
(20) 235-6160 Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)
(21) 260-6734 Valve Stem (Tilt)
(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver
(23) 260-6735 Valve Stem (Lift)
(24) 235-6157 Shuttle Valve
(25) 194-1723 Check Valve
(26) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control On, Off)
(27) 260-6736 Valve Stem (Auxiliary)
(28) 254-5789 Relief Valve (Pump Margin Pressure)
(A) Hydraulic Tank
(B) Pump Port
(C) Tank Port
(D) Tank Port
(E) Signal oil to pump
(F) Drain for load sensing relief
261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control)
261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function) Schematic
261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function)
(28) 247-7601 Control Valve (Hydraulic Block)
261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic
261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control)
261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function) Schematic
261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function)
(28) 247-7601 Control Valve (Hydraulic Block)
Note: The following description of the main control valve references Illustrations 1 through 8.
The supply oil flows from the implement piston pump to the main control valve at point (B) . The
main control valve controls the flow of hydraulic oil to the cylinders and to the ride control system.
Most of the supply oil flows to control valves for the implement circuits. Oil returns from the control
valve and flows to the tank at point (A) .
The supply oil flows to the following components: tilt control valve (1) , lift control valve (2) , ride
control valve (3) and auxiliary valve (4) .
The supply oil flows to pressure reducing valve (18) . Pressure reducing valve (18) reduces the oil
pressure to pilot pressure. The pressure reducing valve provides oil to the pilot system.
The oil that flows to pilot oil accumulator (14) charges the pilot oil accumulator. This allows the
bucket to be lowered if the engine stops. Then, the oil flows through the main control valve as pilot
oil. The pilot oil flows through the solenoid valves in order to move the spools to the correct position.
The key start switch must be in the ON position for this function to work. Manual valve (15) can be
used to lower the bucket if no power can be supplied to the solenoids.
The oil that flows to the load sensing circuit enters signal duplicating reducing valve (19) . Normally,
the oil flows through the signal duplicating reducing valve.
Signal duplicating reducing valve (19) and load sensing relief valve (20) operate for all of the control
valves in the main control valve. Load sensing relief valve (20) limits the maximum signal pressure
to the pump at point (E) by draining excess signal oil to the tank at point (F) . Signal duplicating
reducing valve (19) sends signal oil back to the implement piston pump at point (E) .
The control valves are proportional priority and pressure compensated. If a circuit is active, or if more
than one circuit is active, signal duplicating reducing valve (19) duplicates the highest signal oil
pressure. The highest signal oil pressure is applied to all of the control valves.
Oil flow enters the control valve and flows through a parallel feeder passage to all circuits. All four
circuits on the machine can be operated independently.
Both tilt control valve (1) and auxiliary control valve (4) have two line relief valves. One relief valve
is for each end of the cylinders. Also, the tilt control valve, the lift control valve, and the ride control
valve have an identical solenoid valve. The solenoids for the tilt control valve and the lift control
valve are for drift reduction (7) .
ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the line relief valves, refer to Systems Operation,
"Relief Valve (Line)".
ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems Operation,
"Solenoid Valve (Implement)".
ReferenceFor more information on the operation of the Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal), refer to
Systems Operation, "Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)".
ReferenceThe operation of the ride control valve is explained in Systems Operation, "Ride Control
System".
Tilt Control Valve
Tilt Control Valve (1) in the HOLD position with the tilt valve stem centered.
(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction)
(8A) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line) Rod End
(8B) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line) Head End
(21) 260-6734 Valve Stem (Tilt)
972H Wheel Loader A7G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C13 Engine(SE... Page 10 of 18
(29A) Work Port to Head End of lift cylinder for Tilt Back position
(29B) Work Port for Rod End of lift cylinder for Dump Function
(36) Bridge Passage
(B) Pump Port
(C) Tank Port
(D) Tank Port
Oil from the implement piston pump flows to tilt control valve (1) at port (B) . Tilt valve stem (21) is
controlled by solenoids (9) . Implement pump oil flows through tilt control valve (1) to lift control
valve (2) at pump port (B) . Tilt valve stem (21) is spring centered with a closed center. Tilt valve
stem (21) has three positions: TILT BACK, HOLD and DUMP.
HOLD Position
Springs keep tilt valve stem (21) in the HOLD position when solenoids (9) have not been actuated.
Stem movement is controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that allow oil to flow
to either end of tilt valve stem (21) .
Tilt valve stem (21) in the hold position blocks the oil in both ends of the tilt cylinder. This keeps the
tilt cylinder from moving. Solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction in tilt control valve (1) further limits
cylinder movement toward the DUMP position if leakage occurs between valve stem (21) and the
valve body.
TILT BACK Operation
When the tilt control lever or the joystick control is moved to the TILT BACK position, pilot oil is
sent to the left end of tilt valve stem (21) and tilt valve stem (21) moves to the right. Implement pump
oil is sent through the tilt control valve from pump port (B) around tilt valve stem (21) to the bottom
of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load check valve (16) is pushed up
and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to bridge passage (36) . Oil flows around
tilt valve stem (21) and through solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction to work port (29A) .
Oil flows to work port (29A) to the head end of the tilt cylinder. This causes the bucket to tilt back.
Solenoid valves (9) and tilt valve stem (21) respond in proportion to the signal that is received from
the operator controls.
Oil from the rod end of the tilt cylinder enters through work port (29B) and exits to the hydraulic tank
through passage (C) .
DUMP Operation
When the tilt control lever or the joystick control is moved to the DUMP position, pilot oil is sent to
the right end of tilt valve stem (21) and tilt valve stem (21) moves to the left. Implement oil is sent
from pump port (B) around tilt valve stem (21) to the bottom of compensation and check valve (16) .
Compensation and check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the openings in load check
valve (16) to bridge passage (36) . Oil flows around tilt valve stem (21) to work port (29B) .
Oil flows through work port (29B) to the rod end of the tilt cylinder. This causes the bucket to dump.
Solenoid valves (9) and tilt valve stem (21) respond in proportion to the movement of the operator
controls.
Oil from the head end of the tilt cylinder comes through work port (29A) , flows through energized
solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction and exits through tank port (D) to the hydraulic tank.
Lift Control Valve
Lift Control Valve in HOLD position
(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction)
(23) 260-6735 Valve Stem (Lift)
(30) 234-4869 Makeup Valve
(31A) Work Port for lower function to rod end of lift cylinder
(31B) Work Port for lift function to head end of lift cylinder
(32) 234-4870 Plug
(37) Bridge Passage
(B) Pump Port
(C) Tank Port
(D) Tank Port
Oil from the implement piston pump flows to lift control valve (2) at pump port (B) . Pump oil flows
from pump port (B) through lift control valve (2) to ride control valve (3) and auxiliary control valve
(4) . Lift valve stem (23) is controlled by solenoids (9) . The lift valve stem is spring centered with a
closed center. The lift valve stem has four positions: RAISE, HOLD, LOWER and FLOAT.
HOLD Position
Springs keep lift valve stem (23) in the HOLD position when solenoid valves (9) have not been
actuated. Lift valve stem (23) in the HOLD position blocks the oil in both ends of the lift cylinders.
This keeps the lift cylinders from moving.
Solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction in lift control valve (2) further limits lift cylinder drift toward
the lower position if leakage occurs between lift valve stem (23) and the valve body.
Stem movement is controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that allow oil to flow
to either end of lift valve stem (23) .
RAISE Operation
When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the RAISE position, pilot oil is sent to
the right end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves to the left. Implement pump oil is
sent from pump port (B) around lift valve stem (23) to the bottom of compensation and check valve
(16) . Compensation and check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the openings in load
check valve (16) to bridge passage (37) . Oil flows around lift valve stem (23) and through solenoid
valve (7) for drift reduction to work port (31B) .
Oil is allowed to flow to the head end of the lift cylinders. This causes the bucket to rise. Solenoid
valves (9) and lift valve stem (23) respond in proportion to the movement of the operator controls.
Oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders enters through work port (31A) and exits through tank port
(D) to the hydraulic tank.
LOWER Operation
When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the LOWER position, pilot oil is sent to
the left end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves partially to the right. Implement oil
is sent from pump port (B) around lift valve stem (23) to the bottom of compensation and load check
valve (16) . Compensation and load check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the
openings in load check valve (16) to bridge passage (37) . Oil flows around lift valve stem (23) to
work port (31A) .
Oil is allowed to flow to the rod end of the lift cylinders. This causes the bucket to lower. Solenoid
valves (9) and lift valve stem (23) respond in proportion to the movement of the operator controls.
Oil from the head end of the lift cylinders enters through work port (31B) , flows through energized
solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction and exits at tank port (C) to the hydraulic tank.
FLOAT Operation
When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the FLOAT position, pilot oil is sent to
the left end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves completely to the right. The lift
control lever is held in the FLOAT position by a soft detent. The lift valve stem remains in the float
position until the bucket reaches the preset kickout position. The lift control valve will then return to
the HOLD position.
When the operator moves the pilot valve to the FLOAT position, work port (31A) is connected to the
tank at tank port (D) through completely shifted lift valve stem (23) . Complete movement of lift
valve stem (23) to the right closes off the flow of implement pump oil from pump port (B) to bridge
passage (37) . Work port (31B) continues to be connected to the tank through energized solenoid
valve (7) for drift reduction and lift valve stem (23) at port (C) .
Oil from the rod end of the lift cylinder and the oil from the head end of the lift cylinder drains to the
tank. This allows the weight of the lift arm assembly to lower the lift arm assembly to the ground.
The lift arm assembly will follow the contour of the ground. Neither the rod end of the lift cylinder or
the head end of the lift cylinder are under hydraulic pressure. The lift cylinders can move freely in
either direction according to the force on the bucket.
Ride Control Valve
Ride control valve
(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control Accumulator)
(10) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control, Lift Cylinder)
(17) 4T-7581 Relief Valve (Ride Control)
(24) 235-6157 Shuttle Valve
(25) 194-1723 Check Valve
(26) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control On, Off)
(32A) Work Port to rod end of lift cylinder
(32B) Work Port to head end of lift cylinder
(33) 270-1768 Check Valve (Ride Control)
(34) 148-8335 Connector to Ride Control Accumulator
(B) Pump Port
(C) Tank Port
(D) Tank Port
Ride control valve (3) is an optional control valve. This function provides dampening for the forces
that are produced by the bucket as the machine travels over rough terrain. Ride control valve (3) has
three positions: AUTO, OFF and SERVICE. Details about the three positions of the ride control
valve can be found in Systems Operation, "Ride Control System".
Ride control valve (3) contains solenoid valve (26) which is controlled by an On, Off switch.
Solenoid valve (26) works with shuttle valve (24) in order to charge ride control accumulator (14) .
When accumulator (14) is being charged, check valve (25) allows pump oil to enter ride control valve
(3) through shuttle valve (24) . Oil exits the ride control valve through connector (34) in order to
charge ride control accumulator (14) .
When ride control accumulator (14) is not being charged, check valve (25) keeps oil from the ride
control circuit from returning to the main hydraulic system. If oil pressure rises above the setting of
ride control relief valve (17) , the relief valve opens in order to allow excess pressure to drain to the
hydraulic tank through tank port (C) .
Ride control valve (3) also contains solenoid valves (7) and (10) . When the ride control system is
activated, solenoid valve (7) allows oil to enter the ride control valve from the rod end of the lift
cylinder at port (32A) . Oil exits the ride control valve at tank port (D) . Solenoid valve (10) works
with check valve (33) to allow oil from the head end of the lift cylinder to mix with oil from ride
control accumulator (14) at port (32B) . Nitrogen gas in ride control accumulator (14) acts as a shock
absorber for the lift circuit.
ReferenceThe operation of ride control valve (3) is explained in Systems Operation, "Ride Control
System".
Auxiliary Control Valve
Auxiliary Control Valve in the OPEN position
(12A) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line) Head end
(12B) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line) Rod end
(27) 260-6736 Valve Stem (Auxiliary)
(35A) Work port to head end of auxiliary cylinder
(35B) Work port to rod end of auxiliary cylinder
(38) Bridge Passage
(B) Pump Port
(C) Tank Port
(D) Tank Port
Auxiliary control valve (4) is an optional control valve. The auxiliary control valve has all of the
components that are in the tilt control valve minus the solenoid valve for drift reduction (7) . The
auxiliary valve controls auxiliary implements such as a logging fork, a side dump bucket, or a
multipurpose bucket.
Oil from the implement piston pump flows to the auxiliary control valve at port (B) . Auxiliary valve
stem (27) is controlled by solenoids (9) . Auxiliary valve stem (27) is spring centered with a closed
center. Auxiliary valve stem (27) has three positions: CLOSE, HOLD and OPEN.
HOLD Position
Springs keep auxiliary valve stem (27) in the HOLD position when solenoids (9) have not been
actuated. Implement pump oil flows to auxiliary control valve (4) at port (B) . Stem movement is
controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that allow oil to flow to either end of
auxiliary valve stem (27) .
The position of auxiliary valve stem (27) blocks the oil in both ends of the auxiliary cylinder. This
keeps the auxiliary cylinder from moving.
CLOSE Position
When the auxiliary control lever or the thumb lever on the joystick control is moved to the CLOSE
position, pilot oil is sent to the left end of auxiliary valve stem (27) and auxiliary valve stem (27)
moves to the right. Implement oil is sent from pump port (B) around auxiliary valve stem (27) to the
bottom of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load check valve (16) is
pushed up and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to bridge passage (38) . Oil
flows around auxiliary valve stem (27) to work port (35A) .
Oil is allowed to flow to the head end of the auxiliary cylinder. This causes the auxiliary cylinder to
extend. Solenoid valves (9) and auxiliary valve stem (27) respond in proportion to the signal that is
received from the operator controls.
Oil from the rod end of the auxiliary cylinder enters through work port (35B) and exits through tank
port (C) to the hydraulic tank.
OPEN Position Operation
When the auxiliary control lever or the thumb lever on the joystick control is moved to the OPEN
position, pilot oil is sent to the right end of auxiliary valve stem (27) and auxiliary valve stem (27)
moves to the left. Implement oil is sent from pump port (B) around auxiliary valve stem (27) to the
bottom of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load check valve (16) is
pushed up and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to bridge passage (38) . Oil
flows around auxiliary valve stem (27) to work port (35B) .
Oil flows to the rod end of the auxiliary cylinder. This causes the cylinder to retract. Solenoid valves
(9) and auxiliary valve stem (27) respond in proportion to the movement of the operator controls.
Oil from the head end of the auxiliary cylinder enters through work port (35A) and exits through tank
port (D) to the hydraulic tank.
Valve Manifold (Inlet)
Valve manifold (5) contains signal duplicating reducing valve (19) and relief valve (20) for load
sensing. Signal duplicating reducing valve (19) reduces supply oil to signal pressure.
When a circuit is active, signal duplicating reducing valve (19) duplicates the pressure that is received
from load signal resolvers (22) of the active circuit with the highest pressure. This signal pressure is
then sent to the implement piston pump at point (E) . The implement piston pump is upstroked in
proportion to the signal pressure that is received.
Relief valve (20) for load sensing limits the maximum signal pressure by draining oil that is above
maximum signal pressure back to the hydraulic tank at point (F) .
ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the relief valve for load sensing, refer to Systems
Operation, "Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)".
Valve Manifold (End Cover)

Valve manifold (6) contains solenoid valve (13) for hydraulic lockout, pressure reducing valve (18)
for pilot pressure and relief valve (28) for margin pressure .
Pressure reducing valve (18) for pilot pressure receives oil from the implement piston pump through
tank port (B) . The valve reduces the pressure of the system oil to pilot pressure. Pilot pressure oil is
sent to the pilot circuit.
Relief valve (28) for margin pressure receives pump oil from pump port (B) and load sensing oil from
signal duplicating reducing valve (19) . Relief valve (28) allows system oil at pressure above the
margin pressure setting over the signal oil to drain to the hydraulic tank through tank port (C) .
Solenoid valve (13) for hydraulic lockout is controlled by an output of the implement ECM. The
hydraulic lockout switch in the cab provides input to the implement ECM regarding the desired status
of the pilot hydraulic system. When the solenoid valve is energized, the pilot hydraulics are enabled.
The pilot hydraulics are disabled when the solenoid is de-energized.
ReferenceFor more information on the solenoid valve for hydraulic lockout, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valves (Implement)".
ReferenceFor more information on the switch for hydraulic lockout, refer to Systems Operation,
"Switches".
Copyright 1993 - 2022 Caterpillar Inc. Tue Jan 11 14:18:56 UTC+0200 2022
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972H Hydraulic Control System Operation

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972H Wheel Loader A7G00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C13 Engine(SEBP...

Main Control Valve

261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction) (Ride Control Accumulator)

(8) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line)

(9) 313-7668 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)

(10) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control, Lift Cylinder)

(11) 325-7145 Ride Control Accumulator

(12) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line)

(13) 225-0300 Solenoid Valve (Hydraulic Lockout)

(14) 245-2975 Pilot Oil Accumulator (Dead Engine Lower)

(15) 112-1817 Manual Valve (Dead Engine Lower)

(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve

(17) 4T-7581 Relief Valve (Ride Control)

(18) 282-4349 Pressure Reducing Valve

(19) 193-1665 Pressure Reducing Valve (Signal Duplication)

(20) 235-6160 Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)

(21) 260-6734 Valve Stem (Tilt)

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(23) 260-6735 Valve Stem (Lift)

(24) 235-6157 Shuttle Valve

(25) 194-1723 Check Valve

(26) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control On, Off)

(27) 260-6736 Valve Stem (Auxiliary)

(28) 254-5789 Relief Valve (Pump Margin Pressure)

(A) Hydraulic Tank

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

(E) Signal oil to pump

(F) Drain for load sensing relief

261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function) Schematic

261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

(28) 247-7601 Control Valve (Hydraulic Block)

261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic

261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function) Schematic

261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)