PAPER 3 USE OF ENGLISH 1 hour 30 minutes PART 1 For questions 1-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each ‘space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. example: [0] (olt]4]eleT LL T LITTLE CHARLES SCHULZ The cartoonist Charles Schulz created the daily lives of Chartie Brown, Snoopy, Lucy and the (0) other. inhabitants of the Peanuts strip. Schulz, (1) tohis friends as ‘Sparky’, drew the daily strip for almost 50 years. (2)... distinetly American culture (8)... nothing to hamper its universal success. It was said to have 355 million readers in 75 countries, and it (4) sven. Schule very rich, (6) an income eventually of perhaps 20 milion a year. There are Peanuts enthusiasts (6)... over the world, and no American politician (7) dream of saying he did not much like the strip. Schulz insisted he had (8... systemised psychological or philosophical insights, buthe displayed unfiaggingly sharp observation and a fairly gentle, if sometimes downbeat, humour. He was given (9) anxiety and low spirits, and (10)... was an underlying sadness inhis stories, (11)... bitter-sweet quality that clearly fascinated many of his fans. In the 1950s, the strip had a vogue following (12)... intellectuals, but Schulz was happy to Point (19)... that he himself had flunked algebra, Latin, English and physics at school. When someone (14) him an existentialist, he had to ask (15) the word meant. om Test) Paper3. Use of EnglishPART 2 For questions 16-25, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in CAPITAL, LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: olelrlFlolel=[clelsts] [TTL 1 Test Paper3. Use of English BEHIND THE SCENES Watching a successful theatre production is an amazing experience. The performance looks (0) Sho aks about one particular faut wth he car, Saying tal she was eae tort what he problem was and explant tothe mechani at he garage tn Brae place where cara are repared, ls lor that She didn rept horse the mechari topaed I She also ony mentions this one faut and doesnot fay anything about he major of taut, She was able olden the problem and thon tl tne mechanic what was wrong, but she does nt say or Key Test2 Paper 3 Pan'SQUESTION 2 Content Letter should describe the unfair situation and how candidate became aware of it, explain the bad consequences of it and recommend appropriate action by the authorities. Range Language of narration (to give the background) and of description, analysis and recommendation (for expressing and supporting opinions). Appropriacy of Register and Format Register appropriate fora reader writing in to a newspaper about a serious matter fairly formal or neutral. Standard letter format Organization and Cohesion Clear introduction, explaining reason for writing letter. Clear “organization of points with appropriate paragraphing and ‘conclusion Target Reader Would understand writer's reasons for writing, views and recommendations fully and cleary QUESTION 3 Content Report should include: * causes of dissatisfaction in the department * examples of incidents causing dissatisfaction * recommendations for improving the situation that have come from the statt Range Language of describing (the causes), narration (the incidents), analysing, recommending and hypothesizing Appropriacy of Register and Format Register appropriate for an employee writing a report for someone in authority ~ formal or neutral. Report format, with Clearly divided sections under clear subject headings. Organization and Cohesion ‘The report should be well-structured with clear sections, Ideas should be presented in readable prose, although note-form may be appropriate in some parts. There should be appropriate linking between main points and exempliication of them and between main points and recommendations concerning them. Target Reader ‘Would understand fully and clearly the causes of the dissatisfaction and the actions thatthe statf want to be taken. QUESTION 4 Content Article should describe the writer's ambition, explain what is/was involved in achieving it and describe the writers attitude torisk, Range ==——“‘“‘“‘“‘“‘(C “‘(‘Ca(iCO;C;OCOOO Language of description and narration, together with language appropriate for describing feelings and expressing opinions, as wellas perhaps hypothesizing and suggesting. Appropriacy of Register and Format Candidate may opt for formal, informal or neutral register, but, register should be consistent throughout. Format suitable for an article ~ paragraphs may be brief for impact and may have sub- headings. Organization and Cohesion Clear development from description of ambition to narration of how to achieve it, to ‘philosophizing’ about attitudes to life, with appropriate linking between these elements and appropriate paragraphing, Target Reader Would understand precisely the nature of the ambition, what is involved init and the writer's standpoint with regard to taking risks in fe. FOR A SAMPLE ANSWER AND ASSESSMENT OF IT, SEE PAGES 210-211. PAPER 2 MARKS PARTI 20 PART2 20 TOTAL «= 40 PAPERS USE OF ENGLISH PART 1 1 MARK PER QUESTION (TOTAL 15) The Island Where Dreams Came True 1 3 between Between + atime + and + another time = during the period beginning with the first time and ending wit the second time. The writers saying that during the period mentioned, immigrants to America frst arived at Elis Island, into It something is tured into something else, itis changed so that it becomes the second thing, The writer is saying that Elis Island used to be a place where immigrants were dealt with but now thas become a museum. Having ‘The participle clause Having lain derelict is used here to say that one thing happened before another. ‘Lain’ is the past participle of ie" andifa place ‘lies derelict’, it remains tunused and in a very poor state of disrepair for some time. The writers saying that the reception centre was inthis state for some years after it closed as a place for official matters and that since then it has been repaired and brought into use again. become ‘The writers talking about the way the reception centre: hhas changed. It used to be the place where immigrants, ‘went and now ithas become a place where the descendants of those immigrants go so that they can see Key Test3 Paper?10 1" 2 13 Where previous members oftheir family went when they first arived in the country. A ‘pilgrimage’ isa journey to a place in order to show respect for someone at that place. ‘ill you fil a form, ete.. you write the information requested or required in the spaces provided on that form, etc. The writer is saying that immigrants arriving in, ‘America had to fil in forms in the reception centre at Ellis Island, they This refers back to the desperate people mentioned earlier inthe sentence. The writer is saying that the immigrants, were people whose circumstances were terible and that they had to fil n forms in English, even though they were not confident when using the language. In this context, ‘whatever’ means ‘the unknown amount of and “halting ‘means ‘hesitant, lacking in confidence’. ‘As/When/While/Whilst “The writers talking about something that happens during the journey by boat to Ellis Island and during arrival there. ‘The route described in this and the previous sentence is Clearly the one taken by everyone going by ferry to Elis Island and so i" would not ft here. not The writer is saying that when you approach and arive at Elis Island, nobody can avoid thinking deeply about the experience of the immigrants in the same place in the past. how “The phrase how it must have looked could also be ‘what it ‘must have looked like’, The writer is talking about the impression of the place that the immigrants got from its appearance when they arrived there to I someone clings tofonto someone/something, they hold fn tightly to it/them. The writer is describing immigrants getting off the boats to Elis sland, t This structure is it + f0 be + subject + relative clause, and such structures are called ‘cleft sentences’. They are used inorder to emphasize the subject. The writers saying that the poorest people and not anyone else had the experiance of Ells Island already described, with if someone is deaf with in a particular way they are treated inthat way. The writer is saying that richer passengers were treated differently from the poor ones and that the system for processing thern when they arrived was kinder and quicker Considering/Given The meaning here is ‘Taking into consideration that..." or “Since itis true that... The writer is saying that because only the poorest travellers were treated in the way described earlier, itis interesting to note that as many as 40 per cent of Americans today belong to the families of people who were dealt with in that way. The point being ‘made is that this is alarge number and so a large number (of the immigrants arriving in America atthe time must have Key Test Papers Part 4 15 PART 2 ‘been poor people. go/pass, It you go through something, you experience or suffer something unpleasant that lasts for a period of time. If you pass through something, you start and finish a process that lasts for a period, The writers talking about people Who had to endure or complete the procedure that applied {0 poor immigrants. from | someone is descended from someone, they have that person as an ancestor, that person belongs to an earlier {generation of their farnily. The writers talking about the umber of Americans today whose ancestors were poor Immigrants who arrived and were dealt with at Ellis Island. 1 MARK PER QUESTION (TOTAL 10) Book Publicists 16 18 a deceptive If something is deceptive, itis not what it appears to be or itcreates a false impression. The writers saying that some authors are not realy as pleasant and polite as they appear to be when they are signing books for members of the public or being interviewed on television. contender I someone isa contender for something such as a prize, an award or title, they are in competition fori with others but they might win it. The writer is talking about authors who publicists might consider so unpleasant to deal with that they could win the award publicists informally decide ton, the winner being the most unpleasant author they have to deal with, allegedly This means ‘claimed by others to be the case but not actually proved to be the case’. The adverb forrn is, required because the word qualifies the verb phrase "pehaving badly’. The writer is saying that the award is, given to authors who are said to behave badly, traumatized/traumatised This isthe past participle of the verb traumatize andi in the passive form. It means ‘caused to be ina state of ‘enormous shock and unhappiness’. The writer is saying that publicists are sometimes caused to be in this state as ‘a result of the way the authors they are working with behave. babysitters We can see from the context that the writer is saying that Publicists see themselves as people who have to look after authors in every way, asi they were children. A babysitter is someone who looks after children for a short time while the parents are out of the house. unconventional It something is unconventionay, its unusual and not considered normal or typical by people in general, The writer is saying that authors tell publicists to do things for them which the publicists consider strange or unacceptable, ~ saaPART 3. 28 assignments Anassignment isa task that someone has to carry out as, part oftheir job, when they have the sort of job that Involves completing a particular task and then going on to another, separate task. In this context, the ‘assignments’ are particular authors that particular publicists have to deal with. colourful something is colourfu, itis interesting and striking rather than dull or predictable. In this context, we can infer that the writer means that the feminist writer's language when shouting at her publicists includes swear words and insults. survivor I someone isa survivor of something, they have had an unpleasant experience, but they have continued to exist as they did before that, rather than being destroyed by the experience. The writer is talking about someone who worked with the thriller writer on a tour together and who, despite this terrible experience, is still a publicist joy The phrase a joy + infinitive means ‘a very pleasant person cor thing + infinitive’. The writer is saying that some. publicists say that working with the thriler writer on his ‘most recent tour was a thoroughly enjoyable experience because he was so pleasant. 2 MARKS PER QUESTION (TOTAL 12) held If someone is held responsible for something, they are. blamed for it and it is made clear to them that itis considered to be their fault. No other verb can complete a phrase with this precise meaning, although it would be possible to use verbs like ‘considered’ and “thought to {orm a phrase with similar meaning - such phrases would not necessarily mean that its made clear to the person that they are being blamed, If someone holds views, opinions, beliefs, etc, they have ‘those views, opinions, belifs, etc, The gap could be filed by ‘had’ with exactly the same meaning, I someone holds a record, they have achieved something, particularly in sport, that nobody else has done before (the {astest time, the most victories, et.) Ths is the most common collocation with this meaning, although itis. possible that ‘had could fil the gap with the same meaning. short I something is done at short notice, itis done only a short time bafore something is supposed to happen, without ‘much warning forthe people concerned, If someone is short with someone, they are abit rude to them, in the sense that they speak to them with brief statements and replies, rather than ina friendly manner. Words such as ‘abrupt’ ‘curt’, ‘offhand’ and ‘sharp’ could also be used here with the same meaning. Words such as ‘rude’, ‘nasty’, etc. could not fil the gap, because they are followed by ‘to’, not ‘with a1 I someone is short of something, they don't have enough Of it, oF lack it. Ifyou are short of time, you are ina hurry land do nat have much time to do something, 'OF after the ‘gap makes words such as ‘lacking’, which is followed by ‘in’, incorrect. harm I someone comes to no harm, nothing bad, such as physical injury, happens to them when they are in a Situation in which such a consequence is possible. lf there is no harm (in) doing something, doing it will not produce a bad result, although it might also not produce ‘the desired result either. No other word could il the gap to form a phrase with this meaning. The word ‘point’ fits ‘grammatically but does not fit the meaning the use of “put'in the sentence indicates that the gapped phrase expresses a positive point of view and there's no point” would express a negative one, which would only be appropriateif the sentence was linked by ‘so’ or ‘and so’. I something wouldn't do someone any harm, it would not bbe bad for that person, and the strong implication is that it ‘would in fact probably be good for ther. The noun ‘damage could possibly also fillthe gap to create a phrase with the same meaning sank If someone sinks their teeth nfo something, they bite it strongly IW eomething extraordinary or very surprising (ether in a {good ora bad way) sinks in, it becomes fully understood and the realty of it becomes fully appreciated by someone ‘who is personally affected by it, after an inital period of shock and confusion It your heart sinks, you have a sudden feeling of unhappiness, because of something unpleasant that has happened or that you have just Bacome aware of hardly “The adverb haraly can mean ‘not atl’ by no means and in this context itis used fo express the view that it \would be foolish to believe the opposite of whatis stated {inthis sentence, the speaker is saying that t would not be logical to expect people to like Anna) No other adverb Could filthe gap to form a phrase that expresses this idea, although of course ‘not could also fil the gap. lone thing hasihad hardly happened before another thing pappensinappened, the fist thing has ony just happened a short time before the second thing and the second thing in'some way adds tothe situation created by the fist. The adverbs ‘barely, ‘scarcely and ‘ust’ could also fil the gap here with exactly the same meaning, If something hardy ever happens, ithappens rarely or seldom. The adverb scarcely coud also filthe gap here with exactly the same meaning part ‘The phrase for the most part means ‘mainly’, ‘in the majority of eases" or mostly". “The phrase on someone's part, means ‘done by or true of that particular person and not someone els’ It somethin plays a part in something, it contributes tot cris one ofthe reasons for it if something is an integral Key Test3 Paper 3 Part?PART 4 32 part of something, itis an extremely important or essential paar of it, without which it would not happen or exist. The word ‘ole’ could also ft hereto form a phrase with the same meaning. creative (1 mark) takes her mind off (1 mark) To follow ‘being’, the verb ‘creating’ has to be changed to the adjective ‘creative’ lf something takes your mind off something, it stops you from thinking about something unpleasant or worrying because it causes you to direct your thoughts and attention to it instead. 2 MARKS PER QUESTION (TOTAL 16) might not be. In this sentence very + adjective has to be changed to how ++ adjective because the doubts concern the extent to which the plan is realistic. The two structures must be linked by a word or phrase that means ‘on the subject of to express what the reservations concern. The linking phrase as to means with ‘regard to’ or ‘concerning’ and is Used very commonly, both informally and formally. 38 for computing (1 mark) in preference to (1 mark) It you opt for something, you choose ft, especially as a result of careful thought. “The linking phrase in preference to means ‘rather than’ when saying that the subject prefers one thing to another. 9 it that) you (1 mark) haven'Uhave not lost interest in (1 mark) 33 getting (1 mark) a ereounin (tar) you take (hat something isthe case, you assume or , : Suppose talline case aa thastore Goat fol at The verb avoid is flowed byte ng form of another uppoge tha she cas an therfore dono verb. you get mixed up in something, you become invehved in !youiose interest in something, you top being interested tometing thet you dont wich te getinveed ior at Isa bad dea toget mvevedn 34 ontodeny (1 mark PAere (that) he had done/doing/having done anything (1 mark) QUESTIONS 40-43, I someone goes on todo something, they do a second thing after completing a first thing. 2 MARKS PER QUESTION (TOTAL 8) iyoudery sorting, you say hat isnot ru orth Nat: anewere ta re sina n content to thos given ae ‘verb is used with the arpa) structures: Soil below are acceptable as long as they are expressed clearly. Sa gery sina deny shaving“ pastparicpe; 44 We tendency of adults to ool that what they dd as oo Children o better than whet children do these days to seek aavice( The write cay itis human nature that change's avays jm an (1 mark) Geplored(conedered tel) an tet peop rete tothe iyo ae forced todo something, youhavetodoiether «eR Condeed able) anna peopie fee bacause of cteumelances of because somone le hes, ee eer eras given you the obligation to do it. The structure seek + criticize children for their sophistication (preference for uncountable noun means ‘ask for something’ or ‘try to get complex or advanced things rather than simple things) or something’, The verb advise has to be changed to the inertia (laziness, lack of energy and activity) and are self noun advice. righteous (certain they are always right and others are ithe person or pace that ight provide he thing that trong) about what they cid as cidren. The much e- Someone soke's mertioned. the preceded bythe ete ten penta rae tenon hoe pwepontaon teen itusvetes acute beet that ter own childhoods were a0 pataor yon (1 mark) better than those of een today because tne crested thot own games and ways of entrtarng hemeshes, Hound t mark) vtreveas chen nthe present don The phrase trough no fut ofsomeane's own's used tor gg freee thc ag Uae ne a and because baying tht someting bachappened te someone buttat “because sorganized/has strict rules and be thay werent responsi fr bo fact that t happened pessoa lf you find yourself in a particular situation, you become In the second paragraph, the writer says that the revival aware ofthe facta youateinthat atuaon eopecaly oe erate ea rrr {bing back io ester) of cota ses games yourself romantically minded (who tend to have a romantic, 37 have/am having (some) reservations (1 mark trnotlonalattude towards tinge, rather hana practical, abouts to/concering/regarding how (1 mark) neutral one) isnot uch a good thing because t means Ppt ea eel Thal these games n longer have tho iformaty absence Eoratina Caged oe EMRE amea Of strict rules) and spontaneity (being done or created insta ator than aos of eet though ahd Key Test Paperd Panplanning in advance) that they originally had, The writer Uses the Double Dutch Skip Rope Championship as an ‘example of a game that is no longer informal or spontaneous. 42. that they are like games because when they are at their most popular, they are about to lose popularity The writer says in line 17 that customs and institutions that are nearing their zenith (coming close to their highest Point, the point at which they are at their most widespread fr powerfull are about fo decay (decline, lose power and Influence). The use ofthe linking phrase just asin this, sentence means that the writer is saying that the same is true of games, 43, people don't want to spend time on the small details involved in it and bits of other games are absorbed into it In lines 21-25, the writer says that games in decline lose their timmings (tle extra things that go with something to make it special, that people playing them become disdaintul of all but the actual contest (consider everything ‘except the basic winning and losing of the game stupid and pointless), that the fime-taking preliminaries (things done before actualy starting something properly) and poetic formulas (imaginative ways of playing) that used to| make the game distinctive are discarded (ejected as, useless), and that small parts of such games begin to be used in other games which are on the up-grade (being improved and added to} QUESTION 44 SUMMARY 1. MARK EACH UP TO A MAXIMUM OF 4 MARKS FOR THE INCLUSION OF THE FOLLOWING. POINTS: (0. parents give their children too much money Inthe first paragraph ofthe first text, the writer says that pparents prevent their children from making their own amusements by giving them generous pocket-money and buying them expensive toys. His point is that asa result of that, children don't ereate their own games any more or play with home-made toys, as they did when children had litle or no money to spend on toys. They prefer glamorous glass ‘marbles to the cherry stones picked up from the gutter that children used to play with because they didn’t have enough money to buy marbles. In ather words, children no longer play the kind of games children used to play or use the kind Of toys children used to use because their parents give them so much money that they can buy other things. (i) children need role models and the kind of role models, they have change from time to time In the second paragraph of the fist text, the writer says that children need heroes they can copy and that at the ‘moment these heroes are footballers, The implication is that in the past ditferent people were heroes and in the future different people willbe. (ii) itis inevitable that games change because everything in society changes all the time In the ist paragraph of the second text, the writer says that children’s play is ike every other social activity in the ‘sense that it is subject to continual change. (iv) new games replace them or they change radically In the first paragraph ofthe second text, the writer says that new sports emerge, some games become Impracticable (no longer possible to play in practical terms) and some games are overlaid (altered so that only the most basic elements remain) ar replaced by new versions of them which are considered more satisfactory than the original version. (¥) games get too complicated at the time when they are at their most popular Inthe second paragraph of the second text, the writer says that when a game is enjoying absolute favour (is enormously popular it fatally (with terrible consequences that resultin its destruction) attracts additional rules and formalities, it becomes progressively more elaborate (complicated), playing it requires more finesse (sil, clever and subtle tactics) and it takes considerably longer to complete. The result ofthis is that such games, which are at their most popular when this happens, gradually become less popular and disappear because ofthese changes to them, PLUS MARKS OUT OF 10 FOR SUMMARY SKILLS, ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA: relevance « re-phrasing © accuracy @ length ‘© organization SUMMARY TOTAL: 14 MARKS. PART 5 TOTAL: 22 MARKS FOR A SAMPLE OF THIS SUMMARY AND AN ASSESSMENT OF IT, SEE PAGE 214. FOR ASSESSMENT CRITERIA SEE PAGE 122. PAPER 3 MARKS: PARTI 15 PART2 10 PARTS 12, PART4 16 PARTS 40038 4a 4 TOTAL 75 Tobe converted to.a score out of 40 marks. = PART 1 PAPER 4 LISTENING 7 1 MARK PER QUESTION (TOTAL 8) 1 © Sshesays hat they were encouraged to ve at ‘oass- rootlovl rave the same ing conditons as nary poopletn the pice fatter thn ete standard because they were only there temporarily), and that in. Key Test3 Paper3 Pans