ona Reus You can spend time doing something. v We spent the summer at the beach. _XWepessed the summer atthe beach femeenbcontasion anual tne PTerconmttestebeeshoms The concert spat toe hours. ‘An activity can take an amount of time. ¥ Thejourney tookall afternoon. ¥ Ietook us two hours to get home. Wespent two hours to get home. You can have good time / great day, etc. The party was fun. We had a great time! Complete the dialogue below with the correct form of spend, last, ake or have. Luc: What did you do during the summer holidays? 1) on APR. tWO Weeks with my grandparents in the countryside. Lue: Wasnt that a bit boring? ana: No, it was great. My cousins were staying there too, so we (2) great fun together. Luc: Cool! What did you do? Ana: Well, there's @ river nearby, so we (3). alot of time swimming, Lue: Sounds fun, Yeah, and one day there was a music festival in the next village. It (4). us over an hour to walk there, but the festival was great. We (5) the whole day dancing, Luc: That sounds briliant! Anat Yeah! The festival (6). until late, so we called my grandfather to come and pick us up. It ” usages to get back because there was alot of traffic, but we had fun — we sang all the festival songs on the way home! quite Ed Match the beginnings and endings ofthese sentences. 1 On Saturday, we had a more than two hours, 2 Yesterday aftemoon, b alovely holiday. spent € 1S minutes to cook 3 The pasta only takes areally great time atthe 4 The film lasted beach. 5 Helen said she had a couple of hours at the library. Putting it all together EB choose the correct options. Like many big cities, London has a traffic » problem. On average, an eight kilometre car journey (1) (akesy spends 20 minutes. That's no fun for people who have to sit in the traffic to get to work or school (2) at / in the morning, then again to get home in the (3) evening / night. The average Londoner (4) passes / spends 107 hours a year in their car or on a bus: that's four and a half days! Of course, it’s better if you can travel outside busy times, but in London the rush hour (6) lasts / takes between about 6 30 and ten o'clock in the morning and then from about four o'clock in the (6) afternoon / evening to after seven o'clock (7) at/in the evening. That doesn't leave much time when the traffic is quiet! Ei Write short paragraph describing the trafficin your town orcity. + What ae the busiest times of day? + How long does the rush hour last? + How long do people spend travelling to work or school? ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS,TRAVEL Go, get to and arrive Use arrive or get to to talk about the time when you reach a place. After arrive, choose the preposition to go with the type of place: arrive + at a building; arrive + in a city of country. / Ivejust arrived in England. x I'veJust arrived to England. / Wegotto the hotel at midday. Use go/arrive/get + home. / Igot home really late X |arived at home realy late. got to home really late, hoose the correct options. We arrived @) to the altport two hours before our fight. While you'e in Sydney, you have to go/ goto the Opera House. ‘They arrived in / to Paris just three weeks ago. What time does Mila usually arrive / get to work? We often go at /to the cinema on Friday. When he arrived at / got home, he went straight to bed. Vhich preposition? inderline and correct one preposition mistake in each entence. Himeet you to the train station at 9.30. a - What time are you arriving to the hotel? | The museum is quite close from the station. - Cadiz isa port city of the south of Spain. - The next day, we went at the theatre, , Weill arrive at Vienna early in the morning, - Can you recommend a good restaurant of the city centre? > ner re ‘Come and bring describe a movement towards or with the speaker or writer ¥ Why don'tyou come to my house? 'm here all day. X Why don't you ge to my house? 'm here all day. ¥ Silbring some cakes for the party. Go and take describe a movement away from the speaker or waiter 1m going into town. Can | get you anything? Take acoat with you - it's due to rain later. Read each sentence and choose the correct options. 1 Ben: “Zak came to Oxford last weekend’ Ben(ives)/ doesn't lve in Oxford. 2 Anna: ‘My sisterwent to Amsterdam for a few days! ‘Anna lives / doesn't live in Amsterdarn. 3 Andy: ‘Bring your walking shoes for the camping trip’ Andy is also / isn’t going on the camping trip. 4 Lily: ‘Can youtake these flowers with you when you ys visit Grandma?’ Lily is eso visiting / isnt going to visit her grandma. Complete the email below with the correct form of the verbs in the box. arrive bring come get go take Hi, Grace! I'm really looking forward to you (1).....coming.....to London. ll meet you at the airport when you @ What time does your fight 8 to Heathrow Airport? Hlshow you all the sights here in London, but we can @. to the countryside too and ©) a picnic with us. Don't forget to © comfortable shoes 50 that we can go walking, While you're here,t'm (7) tomy cousin's wedding. He's happy for you to (8) with me, 50 9) something nice to wear. Is there anywhere in particular you'd like to visit? Let me know, or we can chat about it when you (10) here. I can't wait to see you! Love, LouiseTrip, journey or travel? You go ona trip when you go toa place and come back again. ¥ We've just come back from a trip to Dublin. We've jst come back from a travel to Dublin ‘Ajourney isthe time you spend getting from one place to another. We had a four-hour bus journey to get to York. Bl Practise saying these phrases. Focus onthe /b/ and W/ sounds. train travel ‘mobile phone bbus driver lovely beach Putting ital together Choose the correct options. ‘The uncountable noun travel is a general word for the activity of going to different places. My dad's job involves a lot of foreign travel. BI choose the correct options. 1 If you're planning a travel /(@ip}to New York, remember to take your cameral 2 We were tired after the long journey / travel, so we went. straight to the campsite. 3. Imet Pedro on a journey / trip to Australia last year. We were staying in the same hotel. 4 We went out on a couple of day travels / trips to visit nearby villages. 5 Winter weather can be bad for air journey / travel because fights are often cancelled. 6 It's 20-minute train journey / travel from the airport to the pairs. EI) tisten and tick (v) the sound you hear. the city centre, Garo cL oueeO U MAR ‘To pronounce the sound /b/, put your lips together. Then let the air out of your mouth quickly. ‘To pronounce the sound /v, touch your top teeth to your, bottom lip. Use your voice. Listen and say the words. Then practise saying berry/very best/vest boat / vote ma mu 1 7 2 3 4 3 \Wite three tips for someone vi INSIDER TIPS: MALTA Visit Mdina, a historic walled city (1) (in) of the centre of the island. To (2) arrive / get to Mdina, take a public bus from Valletta, When you arrive 3) in/ to Mdina, walk across the bridge to get (4) in /to the walled city. Take a (5) travel / trip to Gozo, a smaller, quieter island with beautiful beaches. It's a 25-minute (6) journey / travel by ferry from the main island. Go (7) in / to Marsaxlokk, a pretty fishing village at the south-east end of the island. Have lunch (8) in /to one of the restaurants by the harbour. Don't forget to (9) bring / take your camera to photograph all the brightly coloured fishing boats! Include information about: + places to visit + transport and how to get to places + what to bring. tee ete ing your city or area. ied—— ee 3 CLOTHES AND SHOPPING Lona Reread Clothes (always plural) are the things that people weer: trousers, Tshirts, etc. A cath isa small piece of material Used for cleaning. ¥ Remember to bring some warm clothes. X Remember to bring some warm eloth Adres: and girls Marta was wearing a simple, black dress. usually a piece of clothing worn by women If you dress or get dressed, you put on clothes. You say someone is wearing clothes. ¥ The men are all wearing suits X Themen all get dressed-with suits Ata formal event, men sometimes wear a black suit called a dinner jacket. My uncles all wore a black dinner jacket for the ceremony, X iy uncles wore a black smoking for the ceremony, Complete the description below with words in the box. You will not need all of them. cloth dethes dinnerjacket dress dressed smoking T-shirt wearing shirt I think this couple are wearing smart (1)... claties. because they/te at a special party. He's (2). black (3) valth a white (4) ‘grey te. She's in an elegant lace evening sh with a diamond necklace and diamond earrings. 2 and [EB Find your own photo of people dressed for a special ‘occasion (online or in a magazine). Describe what they are wearing. ede eas Use put on and take off with clothes and make-up. ¥ put on my coat and went outside. X [putmy coat and went outside. ¥ Could you take off your shoes, please? X.Could you putoff/take-out your shoes, please? ‘And at a clothes shop, you can try on clothes or shoes before you buy them, I tried on several pairs of shoes, but none of them was comfortable. Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences. 1 Excuse me, can |try off, he looks really 2 Iwas really cold,sowe (_ Aiferent put b on these shoes nasize 3 When he takes his 38? glasses € on, then Ibe ready. 4 Iiljustputsomemake- 4 offand putit onthe back » of achalr 5 She took her coat © onwoally ats and scarves. Spelling: single and double letters Underline and correct one spelling mistake in each of, these sentences. Two sentences are correct. shopping 1. We went shoping for clothes in the city centre, 2 Do you have these trousers in a different colour? 3 Can you recomend a good bookshop near here? 4 5 hate going round the shops, | preffer to shop online, He's very tall and he finds it difficult to get clothes that fit. 6 I didn’t get an oportunity to visit the shops while | was in Madrid,Punctuation: decimal points In English, a dot (is used to indicate a decimal point in numbers and prices. Notice the currency symbol (€, £, $) is written before the number. 7 Acup of coffee costs around €1.50 (= one euro fifty). XA cup of coffee costs around 4,506. ¥ british people buy 3.3 (three point three) billion litres of bottled water a year. X British people buy 33 billion litres of bottled water a year. TB Underline and correct the numbers and prices in the sentences below. Two sentences are correct. 1 ‘The Dubai Mall, the world’s largest shopping centre, set a new record for overnight visitors in 2016, with 149 million, 149 You have to pay 2,50€ an hour to park in the centre of town. | couldn't believe how expensive the shop was! A pair of shorts cost €50.9. According to this website, it's 4,2 kilometres from the Putting itall together El Correct the underlined mistakes in this email. Hi, Maria How are you? Did you havea good weekend? went shopping hada great weekend here. On Saturday, | went to shopping with my sister. We went to a new shoping centre that's just opened, it’s on the other side of town, but it only cost us 1,50€ each on the bus and there were lots of great cloth shops. | was searching ‘new shoes. | put lots of diferent pairs, but I didn’t find” ‘any that were right. My sister spent lots of money in a new dress. It looks lovely though! Then on Sunday, | went to the pool with some friends. | put my sunglasses because the sun was really bright, but then | forgot to put them off before jumped in the poolt Luckily, they were OK, Just a bit wet. station to the city centre. 5 In one restaurant in Miami, we paid 8,50$ for an ice cream! Love, 6 Atthe moment, one euro is worth 1.17 US dollars. Ihope alls well with you. Sophie Check your answers to Exercise 4a, Then read the corrected sentences aloud. Focus on saying the numbers and prices correctly, Which preposition? Choose the correct options. Choose “ isneeded. if no preposition I hate shopping! Because I'm at college during the week, Ican only go (1) to (3}shopping at the weekend That means the shops are really busy. | particularly hate shopping (2) for /— clothes because I'm quite tall. | spend ages searching (3) for /—clothes to fit me. lead a lot and | probably spend quite a bit of money (@) in / on books. If you shop online, you can sometimes pay less (5) for /— things, but I still prefer to go (6) in / to my local bookshop. | love the atmosphere there ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS4 CELEBRATIONS. eres [Ei choose the correct options. 1 Couples often spend alot of time planning their ‘A wedding is the ceremony when two people get martied, I'm going to my cousin's wedding next weekend, X.'m going to my cousin's marriage next weekend. ‘Marriages a general word to talk about the state of being married. ‘My grandparents have had a long and happy marriage. ‘A woman getting martied is a bride and a manisa groom. \ The bride wore a long dress. The groom wore a smart suit, X The girftiend wore a long dress. The boyfriend wore a smart suit ‘You get married to someone. ¥ Sarah got married to Juan in the summer. x Sarah got marry-with Juan in the summer. marriage | (wedding 2. Some couples get marry / married ina church, then they have a party afterwards. 3 Usually, the boyfriend / groom gets to the church fist, then the girlfriend / bride arrives at the start of the ceremony. 4 Some people choose not to get marriage / married in church. Instead, they have a civil ceremony. 5 Couples usually celebrate their anniversary after each year of marriage / wedding. Which verb? Complete the sentences below with the correct form of the verbs in the box. You will not need all of them. do get give go have make take 1 Lastyeat, my brother.....got..... mattied and my hole family went to the wedding, 2. Recently, my grandparents celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary, so we a huge party 31 lots of photos of everyone atthe party and | posted them on social media 4 like my birthday because my family and friends always, me lovely cards and presents. 5 Next weekend, Jorge and Sofia tothe Caribbean on their honeymoon. Which preposition? Complete these sentences with the correct prepositions. 1. Thank you... ft ...othe flowers you sent for my birthday! 2 The watch was a present. my Teth birthday. 3 Congratulations my parents on your new job. It sounds really exciting! 4 Tom usually goes out fora nice meal in a restaurant his birthday. 5 Lisa met Lucas. her friend's wedding last year. 6 My sisteris married an American man and they live in California,oc eed Remember that some words in Spanish seem similar to English words, but they are not exactly the same. Sometimes the spelling is slightly different ¥ Everyone feels nervous before they get marred. X Everyone feels nerviese before they get married. ¥ Ata typical Spanish wedding, the guests dress up. Ata tipieal Spanish wedding, the guests dress up. Y The restaurant was quite small, ut very comfortable. The estaurant was quite small, but ery confortable. Sometimes the meaning is different. ¥ Over 100 family and friends attended (= went to) the party, X Over 100 family and friends assisted the party. {assist = help) ¥ Her husband seems really nice (= pleasant, friendly). X Her husband seems really sympathetic (sympathetic = caring when someone has a problem) ¥ She wore a beautiful long (= opposite of short) dress. X She wore a beautiful large dress. (large = opposite of small) Find two correct sentences. Then underline and correct, one mistake in the others. comfortable 1 Make sure you wear confortable shoes. We'll be dancing all night! 2 About 800 local schoo! kids attended the music festival 3 Iwas really nervious about giving a speech at my friend's, wedding, 4 These trousers are too long! We have to shorten them, 5 Tipical party food might be nuts, olives, cheese and bread. 6 I didn’t know many people at the party, but everyone was really sympathetic, so | had a great time. BB) Describe fa Putting tal together Choose the corect options. ‘ ‘My sister studied at a university in the USA and when she finished, the whole family went over to (1) assist to/ er graduation ceremony. Before the ceremony, she was quite (2) nervous /nervious. She didn't feel very (3) comfortable / confortable in her hat and she was worried it might fll off! There were hundreds of people (4) at /in the ceremony, including all the students'family and friends. Afterwards, we (5) made / took lots of photos of my sister and her friends. We also gave her lots of cards and gifts (6) from / of family and friends at home to congratulate her (7) for/ on her graduation. Then we went out for a meal at a (8) tipical/ typical American restaurant. ‘celebration you have attended. You could describe: + where it took place + who was there + what people were wearing + what happened } + any gifts people gave. ENGUSH FoR Spanish SpeaKcns 7Use first to show action number one ina sequence, ¥ First, you mix the flour and the milk, then you add the eggs. X Atfirst, you mix the flour and the milk, then you add the eggs. Use at first to mean ‘at the beginning. At first, we felt a bit nervous, but we soon relaxed. Use after before the first action in a sequence, and then before the second action, After lunch, we went to the beach, We went to the beach. Then we had lunch. You can use afterwards or after that before the second action in the sequence, Y We had lunch and afterwards after that we went to the beach. 2X We had lunch and efter we went to the beach, Choose the correct options. Underline and correct one spelling mistake in each sentence. through 1 As we walked throug the forest, the sky suddenly went, black and a cold wind started to bloy 2 Althought the sea looked calm, we didn’t realise how dangerous it could be. 3. We took enought food for three days, even though we were only hiking for a weekend, 4 Everyone thougth Jim was a nice guy, so we all went to his birthday party. 5. The room was very dark, so we turned on the ligth. 6 Our figth was cancelled because of the heavy snow. 7 It wasn’t easy to drive on the rought roads. 2] Look at the corrected words in Exercise 2a, How is the -gh pronounced in each word? Is it silent or is it pronounced /f/? Listen and check. Last year, my friends and | went on a great trip to Switzerland. (1) Af fist / we spent a couple of days in Geneva, exploring the city and visiting the United Nations building. (2) Affer / Then we took a train up into the mountains to go skiing. I'd never been skiing before and (3) af fist / frst | kept falling over. @ After / Afterwards a few lessons though, | started to get better. It was great fun. We spent five days skiing all day! (5) After / Afterwards, | was very tired and a bit sore, but really happy. ~~era ee uur ae Use at the moment to mean now. Y The weather's quite hot at the moment. X The weather's quite hot iathismonent. You can use at that moment in stories, o say that something happened at a specific time. ¥Y Justat that moment, my mobile rang. X.lust iathetmemens, my mobile rang. El] complete these sentences with the or that. 1 Are you busy at... the... moment? Could you come and help me? 2 John is away in London at. bbe back on Friday. 3 At moment, | realised we were in trouble. 4 Julia began to say something, but just at moment the teacher walked in. 5 My grandparents are on holiday at moment. 6 Sorry, Hugo is not here at. moment. moment - he'll Punctuation: direct speech Remember that when you include direct speech in a story, you start what each person says on a new line and put their words inside quotation marks (...). They both jumped as the phone on the desk started to ring. ‘Shall we answer it?” ‘No, of course not! We're not supposed to be here’ A nisibopstinnin 88 Dhaba onctabisiett supposed to-behere, TE Read the texts. Add quotation marks ('..’)for the direct speech, and show where a new line is needed with a A | wae walking along the street on my way to college, when justa few metres away, acyclst was hitby a car. To my surprise the car drove of Soran over othe woman who was ying onthe road 1 ‘re you OK?’ Yes thank you. think so. re you sure? Do you want me oll an ambulance? No, rally Im fine, m not hurt, B When | was waiting fora fight at Barcelona airport, aman came Lup tome and asked for directions. | noticed he was very tall, but at fst, didn't recognise him, Excuse me. Do you know where Gate 10 is? Well thisis Gate 9 here, so thinkit must be the next gate ~just over there. Thanks very much, Then as the man walked away, realised he was a famous runner! [Dl Write a short text describing something surprising, funny or ‘unusual that has happened to you. Try to include: what happened, where and when the sequence of events: what happened first, what happened next some direct speech. Putting tall together EX Correct the underlined mistake the story. At first Twoke up and stared into the darkness. First. wasn't sure why I'd woken up, but after I heard itagain: aloud knock at the front door. {turned to look at the clock by my bed. It said 3.45 Why would someone be at the door at that hour of night? I sat up and listened carefully. Nothing, 1. My parents had gone away and my brother was staying at his friend’s flat, so was alone in the house. After a few minutes, I was sure whoever as must have gone. I started to relax but just in that moment, there was another knock, even it louder this time. I went to the window and looked down, Hey, Jake, open the door. I's me!" “Alex! What are you doing home? I thougth you were staying at Dan's place tonight. “Yeah, well, we had an argument. Now just come and open the door, will you? | NEEL ce)6 COMMUNICATION Describe or explain? When you describe something, you give details aboutit, for example, you say what it looks like. ¥ Idescribed the woman to the police. X l explained the woman to the police. ‘When you explain something, you tell someone the reason forit ‘He explained tome why he couldn't come to the party Or you give details about how to do something. lexplain how to get to my house from the station. Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences. 1 Shewritesa blog where a what the room looks like? she describes b why eating plenty of 2 Can you describe fruit and vegetables is 3 Inthe first chapter, he important. describes € how touse the school 4 The article on food library. explains all the places she visits. 5 Onthe first day, the @ how to gethere. I'l send, teacher explained youamap, 6 It’sdifficult toexplain —fLaraasatall woman with, a smiling face. Which preposition? Complete these sentences with the correct preposition, or'~"if no preposition is needed. 1 I got an email... fram... Natalie last week, 2 Imealling you because I've got some questions about the trip. 3 Imlooking forward seeing you next month, 4 Thope to hear. you again soon, 5 I'll phone. ‘Maria this evening and ask her about her plans for the weekend. 6 We spoke. Felix about the party. Spelling and pronunciation: w, wh and /w/ Underline and correct one spelling mistake in each sentence. 1 Let me know mich day is best for you. which 2 Give my best whishes to your parents. 3 Don't forget to bring some water whith you. 4 Did Wendy tell you wen she's arriving on Friday? 5 He was wearing jeans and a withe T-shirt 6 The cafés near the park were we used to play football. 5 When (iw) they be ready? (3) Listen and say the corrected sentences in Exercise 3a Focus on the sound /w/ in the words starting with w. Put the letters in brackets in order to make the words that ‘complete the sentences. Then read the sentences aloud. Focus on the words with the /w/ sound in them. 1 Letmeknow......here.....(weh re) you're staying. 2 Imgoing (2 yaw) for two weeks in uly 3 Sorry [haven't written fora (hwlen, 4 There (ce wellots of people at the party eens The word fine is used in certain fixed expressions, often in reply toa question. ‘How are you?" Im fine, thanks.’ ‘How are your parents?’ They'e fin Fine is not normally used in other expressions, such as questions. ¥ Ate you OK? X Are you fire? ¥ hope youre wel/OK. Xi hope you'te freThe language of messages B] Choose the correct options. ‘Thanks for your message. | was really (1) pleasant / about your new job. That's (2) great news /a great notice! : How are you? (8) | don't know about / haven't heard from you since January. I hope you're (6) fine / OK. BJ Find three messages on your phone (in Spanish or English) and write a reply in English. Pronunciation: /3:/ B) EB) tisten and tick (7) the word you hear. 1 [Z}heard ~ E]head 2 Glword — LJwould 3 Obia — E]bea 4 (tun — Flten 5 Cofirst [fast 6 Chur — Fyheart a Listen and say the sentences. Focus on the /x: sound in the underlined words. 1 Have you heard from Laura? 2 What's the word in English? 3 Lookat that bird 4 Tum the page. 5 Today isthe fist of August. 6 Was anyone hurt? [Gh Underline and correct ten more mistakes in the email etcud eee Remember to use a comma (): + after the greeting at the start of a letter or email: ¥ Dear Justin, X Dear Justin: + and when closing a letter or email: ¥ Best wishes, Silvia X Best wishes! Silvia Putting it all together Dear Nico, Dear Nico: Thank you for your email last week. I'm really pleasant you're coming to study in Berlin this summer. 'm sure youl really lave the city. 'm looking forward showing you around, You asked to me about events in the city during the summer. tll send you websites whith information about concerts, festivals and other events. It will be good for you to know were to go and what to do. Do you know wich part of the city youll be staying in? | Send to me the address when you have the details. Then I'll describe where | live and we can arrange to meet up. | hope to hear about you again soon. Best wishes! Alex ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS7 FRIENDS Uae edd ocean area ‘When you meet someone, you see and talk to them for the first time. Y [met agit from South Africa at the party. X 1knewa git from South Africa at the party. ‘When you spend time with someone and learn more about them, you get to know them and you might make friends with them, Well spend the summer together, so well get to know each other well X Welll spend the summer together, so welllknow each other wel, ¥ Imoved schoo! last year, but Ive already made new friends X I moved schoo! last year but Ive already known new friends. Ifyou know someone, they may already be your friend. Sara’s known Nick since they started school. J Complete the texts with the correct form of meet, get to know, know or make. 2 1)... anes. ..emy husband, Simon, when we ‘wore at university. L actually (2) his sister, Connie — we wore good friends, I (3) ‘Simon once or twice, but we hadn't spoken much, Then one summer, I went to stay with Connie and her family at their beach house. That's when Treally (4) ‘Simon and by the end of the summer, we were a couple. Tve (6) I first (6). doing a sailing course. There were lots of people con tho course and sho was qquite quiet, s0 I cicin't speak to her much at first. But through the week, 1(7) her and we became good ‘Maria for about five years. ‘hor when we were both friends. 1 (8) lots of new friends on the course, but it's only Maria who I've stayed in touch with, E Describe a friend. Say: + how you met + how you got to know them + how long you've known them, Which preposition? EX Choose the correct options. Choose “ifno preposition isneeded. 1 tm meeting to/(3iny friends tomorrow to plan the trp. 2. We got chatting while we were waiting for /—the bus to 3. When we first moved to the area, our neighbour, Kristen, was really kind with /to us. 4 Imet this really cool guy of / from Argentina called Tomas.eer Use very to make an adjective stronger in a neutral way. 7 My friend Victor was very tired after the race. X My friend Victor was toe tired after the race. Use s0 + adjective to emphasise something, especially when there is a result or consequence. Victor was so tired that he went back home. Im very tired. I's so hot! Use too + adjective to say that there is more of something than is needed. Victor isn't meeting us tonight. He's too tired, EJ Complete these descriptions with very, so or too. My friend Nell is (1)......ery over two metres. Actually, he's @ {all that he has to buy his clothes from a special shop. Most trousers are (3) short for him. tall —just Spelling and pronunciation: easily confused words Choose the correct options. 1 It's two Atog)late to call Paula now - she'll be asleep. 2 What are you going to buy / by David for is birthday? 3. She loves swimming and surfing and things! thinks like that. Do you know / now Syivie's brother, Ed? We'reall exited / excited about the music festival. | though / thought her boyfriend was really nice. Ihad a quite / quiet weekend, ust studying and watching 1. 8 We spent the hole / whole day in the park playing volleyball. . 4 5 6 7 Look at the pairs of words in Exercise 4a. Which words are pronounced the same and which ones differently? Listen and check. Putting itall together Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences. 1 Idon'tknow whether a excited that I called Eva Lucas right away, 2 The film was quite b thingsin common, 3 Angelaisalwaystoo —\\ € funny. aughed a couple 4 can't switch off my of times. phone. 'm waiting d forsomeone to call me. 5 SaraandIhavelotsof | e funat the Halloween 6 Adamisaquiet person; | Party: 7 When | heard the news,/ fhe doesn’t say much in Iwas so dass 8 Weallhad alot of g busy with work to spend ‘time with her friends. fh thinks the same. ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERSDUCATION ich verb? plete the sentences below with the correct form of 2 verbs in the box. You will nat need al of them. arrive do get give make put take gets. top marks in science. a project about local Alma always Recently, we environmental problems, I lots of research and found some interesting information. The teacher me a good mark for my project. At the end of term, we have to. anexam in each subject. Before the exams, our teachers us some advice about study skill, You need a quiet place to, your homework, I make sure! to school early on the day of an exam. ere ‘lass isthe group of students who have lessons together. There orejust 16 students in the lass. class or alessom is the period of time you are being taught something Tomorrow's geography class/lesson is about volcanoes. ‘A classroom is the room where you have lessons. ¥ The schoo! has modem classrooms. X The school has modem easses. SSO ‘complete the text below with the words in the box. classes (<2) class classrooms -lasses.....at a private language school go to English (1) are on Tuesday at 6 p.m. nce a week. The (2) he school is quite small with just four (3)... bove a shop, but the teacher is really nice and I get on well vith the other students in the (4)... Which preposition? Complete these sentences with the correct prepositions. 1 We studied English and French... School. 2 left my homework, my desk at home. 3 Miriam gets really nervous exams, 4 My older brother sometimes helps me. my homework. 5 We're learning how to search for infosmation the internet. 6 Some parents get quite worried. thelr children’s grades. Both these words can mean ‘fora particular purpose’. The magazines are written especially/spectally for students learning English, Especially is also used for emphasis, It can mean ‘in particular. + Irealy enjoy science subjects, especially biology. X Irealy enjoy science subjects, specially biology. Especially can also mean ‘very’ before an adjective. ¥ He finds maths especially interesting. X He finds maths specially interesting, Complete these sentences with especially or both (when both especially and specially are possible). 1 The classrooms get very hot,...especiallg..in the summer. 2 [heard about a language course students. ‘The last question on the exam was. dliffcurt The school hall was decorated concert, ‘We have a recycling bin in the classroom for paper. I spend a lot of time studying, exams, She prefers ta get the bus to college, its raining, Food in the university café isn't for blind for the just before when expensive.Pronunciation: s + consonant at the start of words EE] Complete these sentences with the ‘words from Exercise 5a. Then read the sentences aloud. Focus on the words starting with s + consonant. 1 The... students... made a cake for their teacher's birthday. 2 Do you any foreign languages? 3 Stuart grew up in. - but he went to university in Slovenia. 4 Ourmusic town. 7 5 I think Spanish words are easy to isin the Putting it all together PE) Underline and correct fourmore mistakes in each text (A-C). Describe your own experience of education. Choose one aspect of your time at school or college to talk about. You could mention: + which subjects you enjoy(ed) most + homework and exams + your teachers and your classmates. A NAP AT AAP MOAM MOAIAHKAGHGHGHKGK™GW™WXW™q"W"§qU”_ I'ma maths teacher at a secondary school. Tarrive fo school early in the morning to prepare lesons and mark students’ homeworks. I really enjoy teaching, specially helping students solve problems themselves. Last year, my students took the highest marks in their exams. I was really proud of them! Iteach at a primary school in Togo, in West Africa. The classes have a blackboard and a few wooden desks. The children are really excited with education. Many of them don't have any books at home and they certainly can't just look things up in the internet, but they always make their homework. leanne T'm an engineering student at a technical university. We have to make projects to design things such as cars or robots. The tutor helps us in our designs and tells us advice, but we have to make our own research and work together to solve the engineering problems. ENGUSH For spanish seeavces PT9 FREE TIME [Ed Describe the sports or other free-time activities that you ear enjoy Usetheconeet verbs 5 Use play +a sport, such as football or tennis. / We play football in the park. X Wede football in the park. Use play +a game, such as chess or cards. ike playing chess with my mum. Remember to say do sport, do an activity or do exercise 1 My brothers do a lot of sports. X My brothers practise alot of sorts. Use go + activities which end in ing, He goes running twice a week. Complete the sentences below with the correct form of play, do or go. 1 Inthe summer, we offen ......99. ‘mountains. 2 know I should 3 Atthe camp, you can kayaking or climbing. 4 Sometimes, | 5 Nick gets up early and, hiking in the more exercise, lots of activities, like tennis with my friend. cycling before breakfast. 6 Agroup of us. volleyball on the beach most days. 7 Ifit's warm enough, we could ‘swimming in the sea. 8 When Lucy lived near the coast, she. alot of water sports, eax derasd Use latest to talk about the most recent thing in a series, for example film, book, etc ¥ We're going to see the latest James Bond film. X We're going to see the ast James Bond film. You can use last to talk about the final thing in a series, or with a day of the week, month, season, etc. We hada party on the last day of term. John visited us last Tuesday. X John visited us thedatest Tuesday, choose the correct options inthe dialogues below. 1 A:ls that anew phone? Ves its the(@l last model. i's got lots of realy cool new feature 2. As Have you seen the last /latest Blanca Suérez film? Bz Yes, saw it last /latest Friday. Have you seen it? : | went to see Rihanna the last /last weekend. It was an amazing gig! B: Oh wow, 'm so jealous! I love her atest /last song. {can't stop singing it.Vhich verb? fatch the beginnings and endings of these sentences. Focus n the verbs. Some evenings just a tomusicon my phone watch — b afilmat the cinema on the think its better if you big screen, see atmy fiends’ photos on ifthere’snothing on Tv, {social media sometimes play Ad my favourite series on my - While fm on the train, | laptop. usually listen fora walkin the park with enjoy looking my dog, "Inthe evening,|often go f computer games online. Laci itd hicoab akin cad Rdaobeierusid In English, some vowel sounds are short and others long, The short vowel sounds are pronounced quickly. The long vowel sounds are pronounced for a longer time, Listen and say the words. Words with short vowel sounds: sit pull hop hat Words with long vowel sounds: seat pool hope heart DI) 0 the underlined words contain a short or a long owel sound? Write 5 (short) or L(long).Listen and check. hen read the sentences aloud, focusing on the underlined, jords. Let's goto the pool. One piece or two? Shall we watch TV? Shut the door! 5 Doyou believe me? 6 Push the button, 7 Which one? 8 See you soon! Spelling: common errors with vowels Underline and correct one spelling mistake in each sentence. curtains Let’s open the courtains! Did you recive the email | sent? Iwas late becouse of the traffic. twas a beatiful sunny day. 1 2 3 4 5 I don't belive everything | read online. 6 We're going out for brekfast 7 They meta really nice cupple from Australia. 8 Can we sit outside insted? Putting itall together Choose the correct options. 1. A: What sports do you practise /(GQ? B: I do/play football and basketball. 2 A: What did you do last the latest Sunday? B: We went / whent fora walkin the hills 3 A:Shall we see /look ata film this weekend? B: Sorry, 'm going to fishing! fishing with my dad, Would you ike to come? 4 A: Could you close the curtains /courtains, please? B: Why? Look, it’s beatiful beautiful day! 5A: What will you do on the fest /latest day of term? B: I'llbe packing, becouse / because I'l be going on holiday the next day!ee a ‘PEOPLE AND PLACES Nouns, adjectives and adverbs Bel arte Usea singular noun after: +a:V aman ina black suit amenina black sult severy: 7 He goes to the gym every day. X He goes to the gymeveryrdays Usea plural noun after two, three, etc. two years ago X two year ago Use a plural or uncountable noun after: salotof:v She's gota lot of friends, X She's got alot of fiend. ¥ They earn a lot of money. + some: ¥ We took some photos. X We took some photo. He gave me some advice. | Find two correct sentences, Then underline and correct one mistake in the others. family ‘Adrian comes from a large families. He's got four brother and one sister. They live ina big house in the countryside. He's a sociable man and he's got a lot of hobby. Every evenings, he does some exercise, He then spends some time working on the computer. Sometimes he goes to the kitchen to get some snack He also likes playing a computer games. Renu as Uncountable nouns in English do not have a plural form. Sonia gave me some good advice about dealing with exams. X Sonia gave me agood-adviee /somegeedadvices about dealing with exams, 7 We watched the movie with some popcorn. X We watched the movie with somepepeorns. Choose the correct options. Then write C (countable noun) or U (uncountable noun), 1 Can you give me some Gdvice) advices about the best places to stay in Edinburgh? — 2 It's much cheaper to get around the city using public transport / transports 3 The central market sells all kind / kinds of different food. 4 In the north of the island, there are great beaches and beautiful scenery / sceneries. 5 [need to do some work / works this weekend, 6 There were around 50 person / people in the restaurant. 7 Some magazines are full of celebrity gossip / gossips. 8 All my friend / frends like running,‘Quantifier or determiner +noun El complete the sentences below with the words in the box or ~"if no word is needed. a any some these the this 1 saw 2 documentary about ....-.8---lifein the Himalayas. 2 Imnot very fit.| should do, exercise 3 I've heard you've got new job - that’s great news! 4 José couldn't get a taxi because he didn't have ‘money. 5 Who does all stuff belong to? 6 When are you arriving? rl pick you up at... airport. 7 Areall people queuing for tickets? 8 Ithink people watch too much TV nowadays. Choose the correct options. Choose ~"ifno word is needed. 1 met up with Emily @) one gir from my college. 2. She's got a / photos of her family on her desk. 3 im going to visit my grandparents the / ~ next weekend. 4 We were all wearing one /—jeans and Tshirts forthe picnic. 5 My friend and I went to the cinema the / last Sunday. 6 Anna and | were best friends at the /— school. Singular and plural nouns (2) Remember that some nouns are usually singular, such as holiday and night. ¥ Wewenton holiday to Italy. X We went on holidays to italy. ¥ Atnight (= every night), we sleptin tents. X Atrights, we sept intents ‘And some nouns are usually plural, such as parents and ‘mountains. ¥ Igeton well with my parents. X {get on well with my parent. ¥ They live in the mountains. X They lve in the mountain, Eh choose the correct options. Last year, t want on (4) Golidaiy holidays to costa Rica with my family, Wwe stayed at a hotel iv the urrownded by rain () cabin / cabins 7 (2) mountain / mountains, The resort was made up of thetrees. my (4) parent / parents stayed in one cabin and shaved ancther one with muy brother ©) day / days, we went hiking with a loca (6) guide /gikdles, We saw sone aranzing (9) bird / birts. The hotel had a (@) stoning pool / cwimmingy pools too, where we usually spent the afternoon relaxing. ‘But the vost ineradible port was at (Q) night /néghts reeould near the souls meade by ald as we Lay ined, the jungle (40) animal / animals around us. ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS‘Spelling: regular plural nouns Look at the plural nouns in Exercise 7. Can you remember and complete the rules below? Choose the correct options. 1 Add() es to mos singular nouns in English to make them plural 2 Add -5/-es to nouns ending in-s,-2,-ch,-sh or -x 3 For nouns ending in consonant + y, change the y to /and add-s /-2s. Complete the sentences below with the plural form of the nouns in brackets. 1 We visited a garden that was full of. butterflies, (butterfly). 2 There are now more people living in (city) than in the countryside. 3 Many ..0s..snsm: (Company) have offices around the world. 4 These streets are always busy with (bus) and cars. 5 Amy made three. {wish for her birthday. 6 When you travel, you meet different (kind) of people. 7 ‘love the: (sandwich in that restaurant. '& Which of these (building) is the oldest? Pronunciation: regular plural nouns EX EBS) Are these plural noun endings pronounced /s/, /2/ or /12/? Tick (/) the correct sound. Listen and check. Then say the words, focusing on the endings. Isl fl ‘beaches v 2 parents 3 days 4 churches S businesses 6 boxes 7 countries Bnights Plural noun forms Underline and correct one noun sentence. children 1 twas a hot day and several childrens were playing in the fountains, ‘The square was full of peoples enjoying the sun. ‘The beachs in the south of the island are beautiful In the old town, we saw lots of historic churchs. Check the paper for the latest new about local events. This is a film about the lifes of two girls from my home town. 8 They were filming for a TV serie about modern buildings. 2 3 4 5 We like meeting people from different countrys 6 7Adjectives: position and form Remember that in English, adjectives usually come before the noun. ¥ There was a big swimming pool. X There was a swimming pool-very big. ‘And adjectives stay in the same form with singular and plural nouns. Y Atte festival we watched a traditional dance ¥ The restaurant serves traditional dishes. X The restaurant serves waditionals dishes. EJ) Underline and correct one adjective mistake in each sentence. 1 During the festival, the citys full of amazings sights and sounds. amazing 2 Lots of people visit the square famous in front of the government building. famous square 3 There are lots of interestings buildings in the old town. 4 One of my favourites places is a park just outside the city centre. 5 It'sfun to walk through the streets narrow of the old market area 6 Along the river, youll find lots of restaurants very expensive. 7 Atthe National Museum, you can see paintings in differents styles. Rewrite these sentences, adding the adjective in brackets to the underlined noun, 1 There are floods, so the houses are raised up. (frequent) There. ore frequen. leds 90. Ure houses. ar. aied. Up 2 There are rules about what you must wear to visit the temple. (strict) 3 We listened to some music from India, (traditional) 4 From the hotel, we saw some sunsets, (incredible) 5 We tried all the dishes. local) 6 We went to the site of several temples, dating back to the tenth century. (ancient) Describe places you have visited or would like to visit. Use the adjectives from Exercise 10a. Comparatives, superlatives and adjectives with -ed /-ing Choose the correct options. 1 Ournew home in the country is Gigge)/ more big than our old flat in the city centre. 2 Living in a small village can sometimes be bored / boring - there's nothing to do. 3. The worse / worst thing about living in a city is the noise. 4 The scenery in the countryside is most beautiful / more beautiful than in the city. 5 The castles the older / oldest building in our town. 6 Theairis much cleaner / more clean in a small village than inabig city. 7 Being in the countryside is fine if you'te interested / interesting in outdoor activities. 8 Inacity,it's more easy / easier to get around ~ public transport is much better. Would you prefer to live in a big city or in a village in the country? Explain your reasons. enoust ror spanish speaKens {Ivelling: comparatives and superlatives aderline and correct one spelling mistake in each intence below. cheaper 1 Street food is much cheapper than restaurant food and it’s more fun too! 2 The garden was the pretiest place i've ever visited. 3 These beaches are much cleanner than they were a few years ago. 4 The Royal Palace is huge It's the bigest building in the city 5 t's bestto stay out of the sun during the hotest part of the day. 6 think fee! happyest when I'm out in the countryside. Adverb + adjective Choose the correct options. 1 We stayed in a (all) very awful hotel 2 The rooms were absolutely very small and dark. 3 Ménica looked completely / very pale, but she said she was fine. 4 The local peaple were absolutely / very wonderful. They were kind and helpful 5 When we artived at the restaurant, it was already absolutely / very busy. 6 Josh was really / very great. He called the ambulance and stayed with me. 7 Some of the buildings were absolutely / very amazing. lve never seen anything like it & Ailthe peopie we met were completely / very friendly. a ees Remember that goods an adjective. Use goodaftera linking verb such as be, feel or look ‘ He sald my photographs were very good. X He said my photographs were very we 1 Itfelt good to be back home again. X Itflt well to be back home again. Wellis an adverts, You can use well aftera verb that describes an action. ¥ The team played really well. X The team played really good. Complete these sentences with good or well. 1 My first class went realy...tll......~ eVeryone was very iendly 2 Ididn't sleep very the night before the trip. 3 So far the weather has been quite -it’s only rained a couple of times. 4 He didn't explain the rules very 5 Thenew curtains in the bedroom look - I'm really pleased with them. 6 The teacher told me my project was very Adjectives and nouns: spelling and form Correct the uncdlertined mistakes in this text. biggest Mexico City is one of the bigest cities in the : world and with a population of around 21 million person, it's « pretty busy places. The wiides streets are always full of traffic, even at 5 nights! As a result it became known as one of the world’s most polluted citys. In recent years though, there has been a lot of works to reduce pollution and the city is now much more clean thamn it used to be. What you might not know is that it's also one of the highest capital cities in the world at 2,240 metre above sea level and it's surrounded by mountain.Choose the correct options. 1 Going to university in the USA will be great, but abit el et laa Meo naT ees and er 2 I think it’s better go / to. go away to study, because you meet new people and become more independent 3 | don't really miss my friends. It’s very easy keep / to keep in touch with people via the internet. 4 I thinkit's a good idea studying / to study in your home town because you can live with your parents. 5 'mnot really interested in travelling / to travel abroad. For me, it’s more important focus / to focus on my studies. 6 International students often have problems to ft in / fitting in with a different culture. What do you think about studying in another region or country? Do you agree with the statements in Exercise 16a? ‘Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences. 1 Walking isa good way of a keeping you waiting. 2 The streets are busy and b keeping fit it's difficult © tofind somewhere to 3 Itwas really lovely park. 4 Inhot weather, we all know it's important 5 It’s late. tim very sorry for 6 |'maquite interested in d seeing his latest film. € to drink plenty of water. f tosee you last week. inderline and correct seven more mistakes in the text. Where do you study? to study I think it's easiest for study at home in my bedroom. | can relax in my pyjama and listen music while | work. BD aways do my homeworks in the library. think it's important having 2 quiet place to study. It's too noisy for working at home because my younger brothers and sisters are always around. The library is completely silent. | often meet my friends in a café and we study together. | find it difficult concentrate on my ‘own. | think it’s better discussed your ideas with others. And it's much more fun, too. Where do you study? Say what your favourite places are and why. ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS2 PERSONAL FEELINGS AND OPINIONS Verbs et ixed patterns Some verbs, such as give, can be followed by two objects. ¥ He gave his brother the book. OR He gave the book to his brother. X He gavetohisbrother the book. For some verbs, such as say, the indirect object can only come after a preposition. Lisa said goodbye to her parents. X Lisa said herparents goodbye. ‘Some verbs, such as listen, always need a preposition before the direct object, ¥ ‘enjoy listening to music. X lenjoy Hstening mesic. Find and correct one mistake in each sentence. Focus on the verbs in bold. 1 We attended ée-an interesting lecture by a top scientist. 2 listened all their suggestions. 3 Ican't answer to your question at the moment. 4 My aunt gave some good advice when I started university. 5 She explained the problem the receptionist. 6 It’simportant to look both the advantages and disadvantages. 7 You need to show the photos, then | might believe you. ‘The company didn't reply our email. Ne eC eek rica ‘Some verbs, such as the ones below, can be used in different patterns, depending on what follows. Use ask + somebody + a question thelr name/ the time, etc. Y They asked mea lot of questions. X They asked to me a lot of questions. Use tell + somebody + a story/the truth /the details etc ¥ Ican‘t ell you any details yet X Ican'tsethanedetais yt Use ask/tell + somebody + about something. They told me about their home in the mountains. X They told me theirhome in the mountain. Use ask + somebody + for something. Y She asked me for some advice. X She asked mesomeadvice. Match the comments (1-5) with the descriptions (ae). cnline shopping habits. find out about people's \b She told me her job title habits. € She asked me a question 3 What's your date ofbirth? q She asked me for my 4 How often doyoushop contact detail. online and what kindof @ She told me about her products do you buy? job. 5 Doyou mind giving me your contact details? 2 I carry out surveys to 1 Ima market researcher. r a She asked me about myued Use a to infinitive form of the verb to express the purpose for something, We went to the headteacher to complain about the situation, X We went to the headteacher for complain about the situation, 1 They need money to buy basics like food. X They need money for buying basics like food. ‘Complete the sentences below with the correct form of, the verbs in the box. ‘ask discuss give improve learn pickup reduce start 1 The children sold cakes.....t0.give.....the money to charity 2 We organised a group of students rubbish from the beach. 3 Imuiriting for more information about your environmental policy. 4 Weall need to make changes to our ifestyle waste. 5 They hada meeting how to solve the problem. 6 We visited a nature reserve. more about the local wildlife 7 They're building new houses: people's living conditions. 8 We're moving to the countryside... anew life, Verb +-ing or to infinitive? Complete these texts with the ing orf infinitive form of the verbs in brackets. | really don’t like people (1)....talkieg....(talk) loudly ‘on their phones in public, especially when you're sitting next to them in a café. If my phone rings, | prefer (2) (g0) outside to take the call 0 | don't disturb other people. I'm at university at the moment, but when | finish @) (study), | hope (4)... wove (Gel) ‘ajo with a charity, 1 KE (5). .ensneene(4O) | __ something fo help people who have had fewer opportunities than me, People don’t choose (6) (be) oor, so think is up to society to help them Tm considering (7). oseome) vegstarian. ‘already eat lees mest than I used to and I'd like (give up) altogether. My pavemte t very keen on the dea, but they aay Wa up to me. IF Ido decide (8). (change) my diet, my mum aye we'll ase 8 nutritionist for advice EX} 0 you agree with the comments in Exercise 4a? Explain why / why not. ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERSrregular verbs: past forms and spelling Jnderline and correct one verb mistake in each sentence. | Phil maked some really good points about the cost of recycling, 2 At the match, the fans of each team weared different- coloured tops. S She gived a speech about the causes of poverty. 4 The family choosed to leave their home town fora better lite. 5 Imagine if everyone bough organic vegetables. $ Apparently, the new government building costed +€300 milion. 7 We taked all the plastic bottles we collected from the beach for recycling 3 Candidates should be choosen based on their abilities, not their looks. Spelling: verb -ed and -ing forms Underline and correct one spelling mistake in each sentence. coming 1 Lots of my friends are comming to the protest with me. 2 | tried writting to my local representative, but I didn't get areply. 3 When we arrived atthe protest, it was rainning 4 By the end of the day, the sun was shinning. S We hopped to protest right outside the government offices, 6 The police stoped us from getting close to the offices, though > EB Think abouta problem affecting our planet. What could be done to find solutions? Pronunciation: /n/ and /n/ Listen and say the words. Focus on the difference between the final sounds /n/ and /n/- Final sound /n/: thin win sun ran Final sound /p/: thing wing sung rang Listen and underline the word you hear. 1 thin thing think sun sing sung ran rang rank bin bring bringing win wing winning ban bang bank Look at the corrected verb -ing forms in Exercise 6a. How do you pronounce them? ra Listen and complete these sentences withthe Words you hear Pay attention to spelling! TV Lace ntii ont to keep animals in zoos. 2 Personally, I don't ike things by hand. I'd rather type. 3 Inthe modern world, language skills are more important. 4 Items more women are university than a few years ago. science at 5 One that really annoys meis people rubbish, 6 Some of my friends are. tomove abroad to find work. 7 Nowadays, more people are not to eat meat. 8 Lots of people go before they start universityene Remember that modal verbs (such as can, will, mustor should) are followed by the base form of the main verb (the infinitive without to), 7 Youcan turn off the TV ifyou dont ike the programme. X You can turned off the TV if you don't like the programme. Experts say that temperatures will increase in the future. X Experts say that temperatures willinereasing in the future. Complete the sentences below with the correct form of the verbs in the box, afford ask become borrow do find learn meet read say teach write 1 I believe that electric cars will....become..... cheaper in the future. 2 Youmust. your family 3 Children should eating at school. 4 Wemust better ways to reduce rubbish. 5 Ifyou don't understand something, you can always forhelp. 6 What would you the president? 7 People shouldn't to pay back. 8 Perhaps schools could about managing money. 9 In the past, most ordinary people couldn't and ‘whatever you think is best for more about healthy if you could money they can’t students more Choose the correct options. 1 My mum says not Ghduldworry so much about exams 2. Im sure your manager will /— understand ifyou explain the problem Ifyou speak to the teacher, you might can /be able ro change classes. 4 Instead of watching TVall the time, Ithinkkis ought / should be more active, 5 Inthe past you hadto/ must goto the library for information. Now you can also find it online. 6 Lad a dificult choice to make ani | didn't know what have to / should do Correct the underlined mistakes in the text. can easily misunderstand, When you express an opinion in just a few words, people can easily misunderstood you. Remember, writing online is not the same as explaining your ideas someone face-to-face, You may thinking youre just chatting your friends, but i's very easy for other people to see your comments. Express your opinions clearly and politely, thinking that perhaps your family or future boss could to read them, You might disagreed with other people's views, but don't be unkind to them because of that. If you don't like someone's opinions, don't follow them! If someone is writting really unpleasant comments though, you should to report them, ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERSSS ene eae mea A 3 MAKING ARRANGEMENTS Sentences Questions and negatives: review "Find two correct sentences. Then underline and correct cone mistake in the others. eee eel Remember that when have is the main verb in a sentence, the negative form is don’t/ didn’t have. ¥ Theroom doesn’t have much furniture. X The room fast much furniture. ¥ We didn’t have any problems finding the hotel. X We hadn't any problems finding the hotel Make these sentences negative. 1 The building has lifts for disabled visitors, The building doesn’t have Lifts for disabled visitors 2 They had some problems with the IT equipment. 3 Thad enough money fr the ticket 4 We have some places available on the course now. 5 The guest rooms have private bathrooms. 6 The receptionist has a message for you. 7 The campsite had a swimming pool. 8 Tom and Nick have our home address. Do 1 We should take a picnic with us. Are you agree? 2 I didn’t knew his mobile number, so | couldn't call him, 3. We got lost because we dich’t understand the directions. 4 Why you didn't reply to my message? 5 I didn’t thought it would rain, so didn't take an umbrella, 6 Do you want to sit near the front? 7 You dont need to bring any food. Lunch will be provided. 8 She wants to stay in a hotel or a bed and breakfast?Past simple and present perfect negatives Choose the correct options. 1 I didn't see / Gaven't see))ulsa for six years. 2 Everything's fine. We didn't have / haven't had any problems yet. 3 Sorry | didn't call /haven'tcalled you yesterday. |had a busy day. 4 | didn't speak / haven't spoken to Matt since last week's meeting. 5 We didn’t use / haven't used these tools for ages. Let's g them away. 6 Helen didn't come / hasn't come to class on Tuesday. 7 In the end, Cynthia didn't fly / hasn't lown to Granada last month. 8 (stil didn’t see / haven't seen the photos of your holiday. Look at Exercise 3a again. Which words in each sentence helped you choose the correct option? Re eed Remember to use not + any, anything, anybody, anywhere, etc. in negative sentences. Remember that ‘no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, ete. are used in affirmative sentences, ¥ Unfortunately, didn’t understand anything, X Unfortunately, | didn’t understand nothing. ¥ There wasn’t anybody around to ask. X There wasn't nebedy around to ask. ¥ There was nobody around to ask. Complete these sentences with a pronoun starting with any- or no-. 1 We can't go... anyahers 2 They haven't said 3. When Larrived here, didn’t know didn't take me long to make new friends. 4 We were really hungry because we hadn't eaten 5 told me you were coming, 6 The kids are bored because they have ws...snsnnest® do, 7 Please don't tell 8 The house is empty. until the cars fixed. about the timetable yet, but it about our plans yet. lives there, No, not, any, never, ever or’? Eh Choose the correct options. 1 We went horse riding last weekend, None of us had (@ve)/neverridden a horse. it was great! 2 This village is tiny. can see not / no shops nearby. 3 There weren't-/ any empty tables, so we had to wait. 4 My parents have ever / never been to the USA before. 5 The weather was quite cloudy, but no / not cold. 6 I couldn't get a taxi because I didn’t have any / ~ money. 7 I went into Clara's office, but she was no / not there. 8 Sorry, we have no / not tickets left for tonight's concert. BBB Undertine and correct three more mistakes in this note. Welcome to the apartment. Please remember that smoking is not allowed nowhere in the apartment and not pets are allowed. This is a quiet neighbourhood, so please don’t make some noise after 10 p.m. We hope you don’t have no problems during your stay, but if you need help, our mobile number is below. Enjoy your stay! ENGUSH FOR spanist sPeaKens QPPeee heed Remember that you often need a pronoun (such as he, she, it) to start a sentence after a linking word (such as and, because, but or 50) 7 The weather is quite cold and it rains a lot. X The weather is quite cold and-rains a lot. ¥ You should visit the castle because it's really impressive. X You should vist the castle because‘s realy Impressive. There is one pronoun missing in each sentence. Add the best pronoun (he, she, it, they) in the correct place, ie 1. You'll love the restaurant because 4 serves amazing food. 2 live in a nice flat and is near the office. 3 The streets were very crowded and couldn't find her friends. 4 Our apartment is quite cold in winter because isin an old building, 5 [have to work on Tuesday, so is better to meet in the evening, 6 This café is a good place to study because is quite quiet. 7 | waited for them for 30 minutes, but didn't arrive 8 I'm sure you'll get on with Juan because is a really friendly guy. leak ora eeu Remember the correct word order after the wh- word: (such as why, who, what) in indirect questions and statements, ¥ Tell me what the problem is. X Tell me what isthe problem. ¥ Doyou know where she lives? X Do you know where deesshetive? ¥ Could you tell me when he moved to Ireland? X Could you tell me when did-hemevetortreland? Choose the correct options. 1. What number (Syourhou3} / your house is? 2 I've looked everywhere for my passport. | don't know where can it be /itcan be. 3 Lexplained what was the problem / the problem was. 4 We don't know what arewe / we are going to do at the weekend, 5. Aboy came up and asked us what time was It/itwas. 6 Excuse me, which floor is the café /the café is on? 7 I couldn't guess who was the person in the photo / the person in the photo was, 8 I'm not sure what should you do / you should do next. 9 The police officer asked him why was he crying / he was crying. 10 What time is the concert / the concert is due to start?Adverbs and time expressions: sentence word order EX Put the words below in the correct order to make sentences. 1 Andrea / plays football / usually / on Wednesday /. Andrea. usually plays football on Wednesday. 2. Why don't you come / tomorrow evening / to my house /? 3 very much / hot weather /I don't like /. 4 Welllbe / all the time / together / 5. with my cousins / I'm going to spend / two weeks / 6 as well /some sunscreen / Do we need to buy /? 7 your email about the party /| received / this morning / 8 the pool / every day /Do they clean /? 9 very much / enjoy / visiting my grandparents / 10 onholiday /'m going /in August / with my parents / Pronunciation: contrastive stress in sentences Read these dialogues. Underline the word you ink will be stressed in each sentence B. Then listen and check your answers. 1A: Are you going to Bilbao next Monday? B: No, Im going next Tuesday. 2. A:lflsee you at the bus station at four thirty. B: No, we need to be there at four fifteen. Steve s going to book the hotel, isn't he? : No, | think Cristina is booking the hotel 4 A:Your apartment is on the fist floor, is'tit? B: No, i's on the second floor, 5 AcIllsend you the report on Wednesday. Sorry, but I need it by tomorrow at the latest. Shall we get something to eat after the film? B: I'd rather eat before the film. 6 Practise saying the dialogues in Exercise 10a, Focus on stressing the correct words. Putting it all together Underline and correct seven more mistakes in the email. Dear Alison, received. it yesterday ‘Thanks for your email. | received yesterday afternoon. You asked me what time will | be arriving on Monday. Fm due to artive at the train station at two o'clock and Hltake to the office a taxi, Sol expect to be there at around 2.30. Do you know what time will the meeting finish? There's later in the day another meeting, soneed to leave by around 4.30. | hope that's OK. I'm attaching the plans for the new store, so can have a look before the meeting. m sending also you a copy of the new pricelist Hook forward to seeing you on Monday. Best wishes, Tony ENGLISH FOR SPANISH SPEAKERS.