Civil Society Corruption Prevention Conference Report Volume 2

CIVIL SOCIETY CORRUPTION PREVENTION
CONFERENCE REPORT
GABORONE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION

CENTRE
GABORONE, BOTSWANA
23RDMARCH 2015
Version 2.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 3
Objectives of the Conference ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Conference Participants................................................................................................................................................. 3
OVERVIEW OF CONFERENCE STATEMENTS ............................................................... 4
Welcome Remarks ........................................................................................................................................................... 4
Keynote Address – Overview....................................................................................................................................... 4
SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS FROM PRESENTATIONS ................................................. 6
GROUPSESSIONS .............................................................................................................. 9
Objective of Group Sessions ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Outcome of Group Discussions ................................................................................................................................... 9
Group 1- Increasing transparency and accountability in fighting corruption in Botswana .. 10
Group 2 - A joint action in combating corruption in Botswana: The role of civil society in
advocacy programmes ............................................................................................................................ 12
Group 3- Empowerment of the civil society in combating corruption............................................... 14
Group 4 - Civil society participation in the fight against corruption: Making it a reality ......... 15
Group 5 - Strategies for combating corruption in Botswana and their effectiveness ............. 16
Group 6 - The role of the media in combating corruption ....................................................................... 17
WAYFORWARD ................................................................................................................ 19
CLOSING REMARKS........................................................................................................ 20
APPENDICES .................................................................................................................... 21
Appendix 1 – Conference Programme .................................................................................................................. 21
Appendix 2 - List of Conference Participants..................................................................................................... 23
Appendix 3–Key Note Address ................................................................................................................................ 27
Appendix 4 – The State of Corruption in Commonwealth Africa and Collaborative Efforts in
Fighting Corruption .......................................................................................................................... 30
Appendix 5 – Role of Civil Society in Fighting Corruption ........................................................................... 36
Appendix 6 – Collaboration Efforts in Fighting Corruption ......................................................................... 41
Appendix 7 – Civil Society Organizations' Sources of Data and Usage of “Corruption Trends
Analysis and Evaluation” ................................................................................................................ 43
Appendix 8 – The Role of Civil Society in Reducing Corruption (Case Studies) .................................. 50
Appendix 9 – Closing Remarks ................................................................................................................................ 56
2
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES OF THE CONFERENCE
The Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre (CAACC) hosted a pilot in-
country Civil Society Corruption Prevention Conference in Gaborone, Botswana, on
the 23rd March 2015.The CAACC, in collaboration with the Botswana Council of
Non-Governmental Organizations (BOCONGO) and the Directorate on Corruption
and Economic Crime (DCEC), organised the event under the theme, ‘Civil
Society’s Role in Combating Corruption across Commonwealth Africa’.The
premise for this theme was in recognition of the position of the civil society as an
active agent to fight corruption by demanding social accountability and
transparency, and adherence to societal norms that prohibit corrupt practices. An
active civil society is one of the most crucial factors in fighting corruption.
The conference was aimed at promoting collaboration between anti-corruption
agencies and civil societyorganisations;building the capacity of national anti-
corruption agencies in corruption prevention; making societies aware of the regional
approach to combating corruption through the CAACC; and encouraging
collaboration of the national anti-corruption agencies with the business sector and
civil society in fighting corruption. The focus of the conference was on civil society’s
role in fighting corruption by adhering to professional ethics, implementing key
corruption prevention mechanisms such as, corruption prevention strategies, and
promoting public awareness about corruption. The conference programme is
attached as Appendix 1 to this report.
CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS
The conference participants comprised representatives from diverse organisations
across the private sector and the civil society, primarily members of BOCONGO.
Among the participants were presenters from organizations such as
BOGONGO,DCEC, Commonwealth Secretariat, Media Institute of Southern Africa
(MISA), Policy Analysis and Evaluation Bureau of Zambia, Transparency
International chapter of Zambia, Botswana Public Service College, and participants
of the third training phase of the Public/Community Education training programme
from Botswana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa,
Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia Anti Corruption Agencies.The list of participants is
attached as Appendix 2.
3
OVERVIEW OF CONFERENCE STATEMENTS
WELCOME REMARKS
In her welcome remarks, the Acting Centre Manager in the CAACC, Ms. Lerato
Dube, enumerated the objectives that the civil society corruption
preventionconference was intended to achieve. These included:
• To create a platform that brings together anti-corruption agencies and the civil
society so that they can discuss the roles for combating corruption as well as
to understand each other’s expectations.
• To sensitize the civil society about their role in fighting corruption
• To discuss ways of reducing corruption in Commonwealth Africa
• To promote collaboration between anti-corruption agencies and the different
sectors of society in the fight against corruption.
The Acting Centre Manager informed participants about the CAACC’s intension to
conduct similar conferences in the other Commonwealth African countries. She
implored the participants to ensure that other countries learn from Botswana, based
on the outcome of implementable decisions and actions of the conference.
The Acting Manager thanked BOCONGO and the DCEC for their support in
ensuring the successful outcome of the conference.
KEYNOTE ADDRESS – OVERVIEW

The Director General of the DCEC, Ms. Rose N. Seretse, delivered the keynote
address in which she discussed pertinent issues concerning the cause and effect of
corruption, as well as the means for combating corruption.
The Director General stated that DCEC has two collaborative flagshipsthat involve
the University of Botswanaand the Botswana Confederation of Commerce Industry
and Manpower (BOCCIM). These include the memorandum of understanding signed
with University of Botswana with the objective to enhance cooperation and
partnership to drive the Business Ethics Network of Africa Botswana Chapter
(BENABOTS).The collaboration with BOCCIM is intended to facilitate the
establishment of a fully operational Business Action Against Corruption (BAAC),
which is founded on a view that corruption can only be adequately addressed if
cooperative alliances are built with the business sector.
The DirectorGeneral noted that, whilst theTransparency International Corruption
Perception Index ranks Botswana as being the least corrupt country on the
continent, this neither implies that corruption does not exist, nor that complacency is
called for. Rather, it simply means that concerted efforts are necessary among
African countries toget rid the scourge of corruption.
The Director General confirmed that Botswana ratified the United Nations
Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) in 2011 and subsequently underwent a
Country Review Process to assess the level of implementation of the Convention.
Amongst the challenges identified during the review was the inadequate
engagement or advocacy of the civil society in the fight against corruption.
4
The Commonwealth Secretariat has also developed a guide titled Commonwealth
Strategies to Combat Corruption that implores the participation of civil society, trade
unions, mass media, faith based organisations, and others to fight corruption.
5
SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS FROM PRESENTATIONS
A panel of speakers made presentations on five topics to set the scene for the
conference. The presentations were followed by a session for comments,
discussions, questions and answers based on the presentations. The presentations
were delivered under the following topics:
• The State of Corruption in Commonwealth Africa;
• Role of Civil Society in Fighting Corruption;
• Collaboration Efforts in Fighting Corruption
• Civil Society Organisations’ sources of Data and Usage of “Corruption Trends
Analysis and Evaluation”The Role of Civil Society in Reducing Corruption
(Case Studies)
The presentations are summarized in the following key points whiledetailed
presentations are appended under Appendix 4.
• Corruption was recognized as a pervasive problem in both the developed and
developing world. In Africa, issues around corruption have plagued the
continent andaffected sustained development. There are challenges of weak
governance institutions, lack of tangible investment, and a general attitude of
mistrust towards governance and its institutions.
• Corruption manifests itself in the form of capital flight, poverty and lack of
human development.
• Africa is not devoid of the means to fight corruption. However, corruption
remains a major hurdle to human development due to lack of strong national
policies to tackle corruption. National policies are prone tofalter due to a
seeming lack of political will and poor coordination.
• In the context ofglobal and continental trends in the control of
corruption,countries are clustered in three groups, namely:
− Good governance achievers,
− Borderlines cases,
− Laggards.
In sub-Saharan countries, Africa’s best performers are recognized as
Botswana, Cape Verde and Mauritius.
• Research suggests that improvement in controlling the current levels of
corruption requires strengthening of anti-corruption institutions and oversight
agencies. Strong regional support for strengthening oversight institutions is
critical.
6
• Corruption and poverty are observed to go hand-in-hand and this association
threatens the lives of many people.
• Slow implementation of anti-corruption protocols at national levels has
adverse impact on the credibility of such protocols. A common pitfall of anti-
corruption strategies is the lack of attention to implementation, monitoring and
evaluation.
• It is important to notice thateducation is undoubtedly linked to control of
corruption through causal relationships.
• Civil society organisations should put pressure on governments to adhere to
commitments in order to minimize the risks of corruption.
• Transparency International has numerous strategies to help combat
corruption at the local, national and international level. These tools serve
citizens who demand probity in government services and help identify those
sectors most vulnerable to corruption.
• Civil society can mobilise the greatest pressure for change by calling on
governments to honour their international commitments under various
treaties.
• One of the most far-reaching tools for fighting global corruption is the United
Nations Convention against Corruption. It provides a model for anti-corruption
legislation and framework.
• Poor governance creates greater incentives and opportunities for growth of
corruption. Strengthening the legal structures against corruption and
intensifying punishments for corrupt activities is important. It is critical that
governments tackle the underlying governance problems that may encourage
corruption.
• One critical dimension of economic governance involves transparency,
accountability, and good economic and financial management.
• Governments must play a facilitative role in economic development and
privatized enterprises, and should avoid a conflict of interests, ensure an
efficient and well-paid civil service, create an open budgetary process and
strong expenditure controls, and broadly maintain transparent oversight
operations. Lapses in many of these areas provide a breeding ground for
corruption.
• Corruption is one of the most important forces inhibiting investment and
growth and thus,perpetuating the low living standards in Africa. Pervasive
corruption impairs the effectiveness of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows
and discourages donors from fundingdevelopment programs that merit
financial assistance.
7
• Donor agencies have increasingly included the fight against corruption in their
overall governance agenda.
• Many country assessment tools are designed to gather data on both
corruption and anti-corruption, often with a view to comparing the
effectiveness of anti- corruption interventions with how corruption impacts
people’s daily lives.
• The corruption perception index captures the informed views of analysts,
businesspeople, and experts in countries around the world.
• Anti-corruption interventions by donors in Zambia have been closely aligned
to the country’s civil society organisations’ strategies.
• In Zambia, coalition building and partnerships are essential ingredients for
success in combating corruption. Promoting a genuine participation from key
partners, notably CSOs, media, trade union and private sector associations,
remains part of the solution.
8
GROUPSESSIONS
OBJECTIVE OF GROUP SESSIONS

In order to create an inclusive environment for effective discussion, the conference
participants were divided into groups to discuss issues around identified subthemes
and to explore new ideas, while recognizing and valuing the contributions of
others. The group discussions were managed to promote critical thinking and
encourage problem solving.
The group work provided opportunities for intellectual and personal growth that could
not otherwise be so easily accomplished in the standard conference situation. The
groups were smaller than plenary sessions and they provided opportunities for
effective interaction among group members.The expected outcome was for group
members to objectively discuss issues and make practical recommendations.
Under the guidance of the group facilitator, the groups reviewed and discussed the
assigned subthemes, agreed on the key group decisions or recommendations
arising from discussions, and, where possible, decided what key actions were to be
taken with respect to those decisions or recommendations.
Groups were organized for discussion around sixsubthemes of the main theme, Civil
Society’s Role in Combating Corruption Across Commonwealth Africa.
The subthemesare:
• Increasing transparency and accountability in fighting corruption in Botswana
• A joint action in combating corruption in Botswana: The role of civil society in
advocacy programmes
• Empowerment of the civil society in combating corruption
• Civil society participation in the fight against corruption: Making it a reality
• Strategies for combating corruption in Botswana and their effectiveness
• The role of the media in combating corruption
OUTCOME OF GROUP DISCUSSIONS

Each group had the responsibility to choose a leader, recorder / rapporteur to record
key findings on a flipchart, and a presenter who would lead the group’s presentation
in plenary.Following group discussions, the participants reconvened for
presentations of the groups’ findings and discussion in plenary.
9
Group 1- Increasing transparency and accountability in fighting corruption in Botswana
Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions
Institute proper reporting of corruption by • Develop national programmes and projects for reporting of corruption.
all sectors
• Develop transparent information sharing mechanism among anti-corruption
agencies.
• Develop and implement programmes thatminimize the fear of reporting
corruption.
Use the media as a key collaborative • Encourage public disclosure of corruption.
partner to promote good anti-corruption
• Protect those who report corruption against victimization.
practices
• Expose corruption by naming and shaming those proven to be involved in
corruption.
• The media should act as a responsible watchdog based on principles of
journalism, namely, pursuing the truth in a practical sense through
assembling and verification facts, and conveying a fair and reliable account
of their meaning, subject to further investigation.
• Journalists should present a representative, rather than a slanted picture of
their findings.
Organisational development • Organisations should be verified for their authenticity as civil society entities
that manifest interests and the will of citizens.
• Anti-corruption agencies and offices of the Ombudsman, DCEC, and
Auditor General should be reviewed and strengthened with a view to make
them independent from Executive influence.
10
Reduce the Executive powers of State • Reform the judicial appointment process to ensure independent selection
Presidency and review of key appointments to the bench by independent bodies.
11
Group 2 - A joint action in combating corruption in Botswana: The role of civil society in advocacy programmes

Whistleblowing
• Develop and implement a policy to raise concerns about malpractice or
wrongdoing that affects others.
• Develop and promote the use of appropriate channels.
Support government in reaching areas that
• Mobilize CSOs in areas regarded as inaccessible by government agencies.
are easily accessible to the civil society in
promoting anti-corruption behaviour in the • Create strategic partnerships with government agencies.
society
Lobby and campaign for reforms
• Establish networks and partnerships aimed at developing alternatives and
persistently pursuing policy reform.
Monitor project implementation
• Develop and use monitoring tools that promote accountability, transparency,
and efficient use of resources in projects.
Embrace internationally recognized anti-
• Participate in United Nations anti-corruption events at the local and national
corruption advocacy programs
level.
12
Promote anti-corruption advocacy
• Develop and implement anti-corruption programs for the media to publicize.
• Lobby and maintain pressure on government to take the necessary action
against corrupt practices.
• Create public awareness about the impact of corruption on the society
through training and education of specialized civil society clusters.
• Lobby and campaign for reforms of systems, rules and regulations to
reduce corruption.
• Build a sustained pressure on government to improve governance and
reduce corruption.
Monitor project implementation
• Develop and use monitoring tools that promote accountability, transparency,
and efficient use of resources in projects.
Respect the rule of law
• Adopt the organisation wide approach of integrating integrity in the society
and recognize that corruption negatively affects the nation.
13
Group 3- Empowerment of the civil society in combating corruption

Civil society organisations must improve
• The civil society organisations should organize themselves as
their image
complementary mechanisms of democratic input distinct from government
and business.
• Create effective corruption reporting channels of the civil society.
• Establish internal civil society anti-corruption policies.
• Diversify funding sources for the civil society organisations by preparing
robust proposals for requesting funds from relevant funding organizations,
recognizing the proposed funders’ preference for specific advocacy
programs.
Empower civil societies’ anti-corruption
• Develop rules and regulations under existing anti-corruption legislation for
strategies
implementation of whistle blowing policies and protection of whistleblowers.
• Advocate for the freedom of information law.
• Become active in interrogation of the Auditor General reports concerning
the management of the budget and national resources.
• Intensify the establishment of strategic national, regional, and global
partnerships, networks, and linkages to help fight against corruption.
14
Group 4 - Civil society participation in the fight against corruption: Making it a reality

Implement the provisions of UNCAC BOCONGO should advocate for:
Chapter 2, Article 13
• Enhancement of the transparency and promotion of contribution of the
public to decision-making processes.
• Provision for the public to have access to information.
• Accountability and transparency of the functions of the Directorate of Public
Prosecutions in relation to corruption cases.
BOCONGO should:
• Undertake public information activities that contribute to intolerance of
corruption, as well as public education programmes.
• Establish an alliance with the media.
• Mainstream anti-corruption within the organisation
DCEC should capacitate the civil society on corruption issues based on a

memorandum of understanding.
15
Group 5 - Strategies for combating corruption in Botswana and their effectiveness

Stakeholder mapping and development of
• Youth should participate in debates, sports competitions, arts and drama to
appropriate strategies for different
popularize anti-corruption activities.
stakeholders
• Business community should participate in election or identification of
resource persons to support implementation of anti-corruption strategies.
• BOCONGO should advocate for anti-corruption policies review and
development.
16
Group 6 - The role of the media in combating corruption

Intensify education about and information
• Reporting of corrupt activities.
on corruption
• Reporting on how to avoid corrupt practices.
• Create cadres of goodwill ambassadors.
Investigate and become watchdogs
• Establish strategic partnerships with anti-corruption agencies.
• Conform to the principles of investigative journalism.
• Advocate for evidence-based policies and legislation, such as freedom of
information.
Stimulate debates on issues concerning
• Invest in innovative ways of packaging information.
corruption
• Create forum for debating corruption.
Media capacitating
• DCEC should develop customized programs for use by the media.
• Create platforms for exchange with other non-state actors.
17
Liberalization of the media
• Journalists should aim at improving government accountability.
• Media should avoid playing into the interests of owners / interests groups
and lose objectivity.
• Organize media workshops to educate journalists about ethical reporting
and ensure the maintenance of professional standards.
• Encourage establishment and investment in of private media houses.
• Establish formal institutions for the training of media personnel in the field of
Journalism.
18
WAYFORWARD
The Director of Transparency International Chapter in Zambia, Mr. Goodwell Lungu,
summarized conference presentations and discussions to facilitate the development
of action plans as follows:
The conference recognized that corruption affects all the services that in Botswana
hence;
1. The civil society in Botswana should first identify the need to engage itself in
the fight against corruption.
a) BOCONGO should review its mandate and mobilize itself to undertake
the anti-corruption agenda as its 12th agenda
b) In the long-term, BOCONGO should grow this sector into a standalone
civil society organization entity that focuses on the fight against
corruption
c) In the short-term, BOCONGO should begin to develop and implement
anti-corruption initiatives as part of its programmes.
2. In engaging in anti-corruption work, civil society organisations should develop
capacity to produce evidence of corruption to inform its strategies.
3. CSOs should deliberately seek cooperation with government institutions such
as the DCEC.
4. CSOs should invest in capacity building for resource mobilization.
5. CSOs should create strong partnerships and alliances with the media.
6. CSOs should undertake policy engagements and dialogue with the
government for enactment ofprogressive anti-corruption policies and laws.
7. Relevant research studies and innovative projects should be undertaken with
regard to cause and effect of corruption and the focus should be on
developing effective strategies to combat corruption.
8. Civil society should invest in innovative anti-corruption activities that attract
government and public attention towards reducing corruption.
19
CLOSING REMARKS
The Executive Director of Botswana Public Service College and CAACC Advisory
Board Member, Mr. Ikwatlhaeng Bagopi, delivered the closing remarks. In summary,
the closing remarks accentuated the importance of the conference, particularly in
establishing a platform geared towards establishing collaborative partnerships with
non-governmental organisations.
The Executive Director reiterated that it was only through collaborative efforts among
anti-corruption agencies, civil society, and the private sector that the battle against
corruption could be accomplished.
The CAACC was fully committed to enhancing and strengthening collaborative

efforts with its partners, and as such, the Centre would follow-up with NGOs and
Anti-Corruption Agencies to establish how much progress had been achieved
beyond conference deliberations.
The Closing Remarks are appended to the report as Appendix 9.
20
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1 – CONFERENCE PROGRAMME
TIME ACTIVITY FACILITATOR / PRESENTER

0800 - 0820 Arrival CAACC, BOCONGO and DCEC Staff
0820 - 0825 Prayer VOLUNTEER
0825 - 0835 Welcome Remarks Ms. Lerato Dube Acting Centre Manager, CAAC
0835 - 0855 Key Note Address Ms. Rose N. Seretse, Director General, DCEC
PRESENTATIONS
0855 - 0915 The State Of Corruption in Commonwealth Africa Dr. Roger Koranteng, Adviser, Governance And Anti-
Corruption, Commonwealth Secretariat
0915 - 0935 Role of Civil Society In Fighting Corruption Ms. Bagaise Mabilo, Executive Secretary, BOCONGO
0935 - 1000 Questions and Comments Mr. Kabelo Brown, Conference Moderator
1000 - 1030 TEA BREAK
1030 - 1050 Collaboration Efforts in Fighting Corruption Mr. Buyani Zongwani, Director, MISA
1050 – 1150 Civil Society Organizations' Sources of Data and Usage Mr. Augustine Mkandawire, Executive Director, Policyand
of “CorruptionTrends Analysis and Evaluation” Evaluation Bureau, Zambia
1150 - 1300 The Role Of Civil Society in Reducing Corruption (Case Mr. Goodwell Lungu, Executive Director, Transparency
Studies of The Role Of Civil Society in Fighting International, Zambia
Corruption)
1300 - 1400 LUNCH
1400 - 1530 Group Discussions Conference Group Leaders
1530 - 1545 HEALTH BREAK
1545 - 1640 Presentations and Discussions Mr. Letsema G. Motsemme, Conference Facilitator
1640 - 1715 Way Forward Mr. Goodwell Lungu
1715 - 1730 Closing Remarks Mr. Ikwatlhaeng Bagopi Executive Director, BPSC and CAACC
Advisory Board Member
21
22
APPENDIX 2 - LIST OF CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS
NO NAME SURNAME ORGANISATION DESIGNATION E-MAIL

1. Rose N. Seretse DCEC Director- General rnseretse@gov.bw
2. Roger O. Koranteng Commonwealth Adviser r.koranteng@commonwealth.int
Secretariat Governance and
Anti-Corruption
3. Ikwatlhaeng Bagopi BPSC Executive Director ibagopi@gov.bw
4. Botlhale Makgekgenene DCEC Deputy Director bmakgekgenene@gov.bw
General - Policy
5. Amanda Gore DCEC Deputy Director agore@gov.bw
General - Training
and Development
6. Eugene Wasetso DCEC Ag Deputy Director gwasetso@gov.bw
General-Operations
7. Erica T. Ndlovu DCEC Senior Assistant endlovu@gov.bw
Director –
Corruption
Prevention
8. Anele D. Ncube DCEC Senior Assistant aneleduduncube@gov.bw
Director
9. Edwin Batsalelweng DCEC SAD ebatsalelwang@gov.bw
10. Esther Mokwenaotsile DCEC Ag–Public eomokwenaotsile@gov.bw
Education
11. Bagaise Mabilo BOCONGO Executive communications@bocongo.org.
Secretary bw
12. Buyani Zongwani MISA Director bzongwani@gmail.com
13. Augustine Mkandawire Executive Policy and augustine.mkandawire@gmail.c
Director Evaluation Bureau, om
Zambia
14. Goodwell Lungu Executive Transparency goodwelljn@yahoo.co.uk
Director International,
Zambia
15. Bose Maynard Mosweswe DCEC Performance bmosweswe@gov.bw
Improvement
Coordinator
16. Itumeleng Phuthego DCEC Assistant Director iphuthego@gov.bw
17. Mophuthulodi Molatudi DCEC Chief Anti- momodise@gov.bw

Corruption Officer
18. Boitshoko Pule DCEC Desk Officer bmatlhare@gov.bw
CAACC
19. Kedirile Rati Peloetletse DCEC Protocol Officer kpeloetletse@gov.bw
20. Malebo John Thupeng DCEC Principal Anti mthupeng@gov.bw

Corruption Officer II
21. Lucas J. Matthys DCEC Senior Anti lmatthys@gov.bw
Matthys Corruption Officer
22. Lerato Dube CAACC Acting Centre ldube@gov.bw
Manager
23. Annah Ramatsiri CAACC Training and caacc.training@gmail.com
Development
Coordinator
24. Ketlhaotswe Mapho CAACC Finance and Admin kmapho@gov.bw
Officer
25. Onkokame Godfrey DCEC Anti-Corruption gonkokame@gov.bw
Officer
26. Thebe Itumeleng DCEC Corruption itumeleng@gov.bw
23
Prevention
27. Philane Matoobona DCEC Anti-Corruption pmatoobona@gov.bw
Officer
28. Nlayidzi Gambule DCEC Public Relations ngambule@gov.bw
29. Kenneth Osupile DCEC Principal Anti kpetros@gov.bw
Corruption Officer II
30. Matlhogonolo Busang DCEC Anti-corruption mtlbusang@gov.bw
officer
31. Letsweletse Molosiwa BOCONGO Protocol officer molosiwa@yahoo.com
32. Kabo Motshwari BOCONGO Protocol officer kabomotshwari@gmail.com
33. Lovemore Mose BOCONGO PR officer communications@bocongo.org.
bw
34. Raymond Kwerepe BOCONGO kwerepem@gmail.com
35. Lesego S. Kemothokile BOCONGO Comm Officer
36. M. Setlhake Sector BOCONGO
Coordinator
37. Sibatheni Phakala FNSG Monitoring and psibatheni@gov.bw
Evaluation
38. Naledi Maphisa Botswana Council Marketing maphisa@gov.bw
of Women
39. Boiteko Phalalo BCW Public Relations phalalo@gov.bw
40. M.L. Leshomo Cynthia’s Child Coordinator meryleshomo@yahoo.com

Care
41. M.M. Mbaiwa Double Action General Manager mbaiwa@doubleaction
42. Nelson Phoga Makgabaneng Executive Director phoga@makgabaneng.co.bw

43. Kaone Marothodi Care for the Assistance Future@g.mail.com
future Secretary
44. Fabulous Maenole Botswana Scouts Adult Resource imaenola@gmail.com
Association Commissioner
45. Dr. A. Dane Chebremeskel SADC-CNGU Private Advisor Adaneesade-cnyo.org.bw
46. Keene Sonny Foodbank Director Agency foodbank@gmail.com

Services
47. Kudzani Bazibi Foodbank Program foodbank@gmail.com
Coordinator
48. Reginah Burton Touch A Life Project Coordinator giggieburton@yahoo.com
Wazha
49. Angella Lwiindi Higer Bus Sales Manager lwindi@yahoo.com
50. Mokgosi Orapeleng BSD Executive Director bsb@botsnet.bw

51. Boitumelo Gaboelatse Tshole Trust EE Officer Ascoco88@gmail.com
52. Ngwatshi Enyatsang JCI Botswana Director Botswana@scl.cc
53. Thabang Phiri JCI Botswana Administrator foundation@jicbotswana.org

54. Boikanyo Kgosietsile Botswana Administrator kgosiet@yahoo.co.uk
Counselling
Association
55. Bobani Nkanyezi New Journey Project Officer
Support Group
56. Marumo Omotoye Leadership Rapporteur momotoye@lead.co.bw
Education and
Development
57. Rev. Joseph Tsuaneng Botswana Council Kgollo.tsuaneng@gmail.com
of Churches
58. Bornwell Maphorisa Baptist Church Pastor mophorisa@gmail.com
59. Gao Radikwata WIBA Treasurer gao@aptkgroup.com
24
60. Prince Nthutang BTU Assit Admin Sec boiditswep.gmail.com
61. Obolokile Kopano BORNUS okopano@yahoo.com
62. Sidney Modo Khama Rhino Deputy Manager krst@khamarhinosanatuary.org.

bw
63. Lame Mokoti Care for the Vice Chairperson cforthefuture@gmail.com
Future
64. Clive Maluke FNSG Programs Manager malukeclijeyahoo.com
65. Neo Mokobi The Women Project Officer neo.mokobi@gmail.com
Leadership
Academy
66. Kesego Lemmenyane Diphalana M&E diphalana@gmail
67. Kutlo E. Englishman Coordinator
68. Wu Ming Higer Bus General Manager wuming@higer.com
69. Salang Rapo Motswedi Coordinator salangrapo@yahoo.com
70. M Ntsimanyana BAPR-Lobatse Board Member ntsmnyn@yahoo.com
71. Tebogo Monametsi YWCA Pact Leader ketemo@gmail.com
72. Kabo Moroka BOCAIP Pact Leader Kabomoroka30@gmail
73. Moagi Keabile KB Productions Photographer gtlesego@gov.bw
74. Oabile Othusitse KB Productions Photographer oabileothusitse@yahoo.com

75. Gothusang Lesego BOPA Photographer glesego@gov.bw
76. Thusoyaone Sechele BOPA Reporter sthusoyaone@gmail.com

77. Boikhutso Nzula KB Production Photography uzulaboikhutso@yahoo.com
78. Bontle Moreetsi Radio Botswana Reporter bmoreetsi@gov.bw
79. One Mokgatle eBotswana Journalist one@ebotswana.co.bw
80. Felix Mwanga Top shelf Senior Editor mwashelf@gmail.com
81. Tswelelo Mogotsi Gabetu Journalist tswelelo@gabutu.co.bw
82. Icks Mpulubusi The Patriot press@gmail.com
83. Katlego Mokgwatlhe eBotswana TV Cooperator kmokgwatlhe@gmail.com

84. Utlwanang Gasennelwe Weekend Post Journalist utlwanang@yahoo.com
85. Thato Dipao Weekend Post Photographer juniordipao@yahoo.com

86. Sekgabo Ramsay Botswana Council Executive Director sramsay@gov.bcd.org.bw
for the Disabled
87. Ketshabile Dingake Gantsi Craft Trust Admin officer gantsicraft@gmail.com
88. Kabo Melemo Adilele Theatre Chairperson adileletheatre@gmail.com
89. Lebani S. Setlalekgosi Adile Theatre Treasurer 3ssekgele@gmail.com
90. Action Ben Moloko Higer Look Sharp Director actionmoloko@gmail.com

Motors
91. Thebe Mangadi Mangadi Botswana Scouts International Comm dathebe@yahoo.com
Association
92. Anorld Kabo Kefaletse House of Man Chairperson Keifus79@yahoo.com
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93. Boineelo Ntshole BSD S.L. Interpreter Ntshole22@gmail.com
94. Prisca Mokgadi BOSASNET Acting Director director@bosasnet.com
95. Gilbert Lukhoba Kenya Ethics and Anti- glukhoba@integrity.go.ke

Corruption
Commission
96. Gorai Molu Galgallo Kenya Ethics and Anti- mgalgallo@integrity.go.ke
Corruption
Commission
97. Malimpho Moshoeshoe Lesotho Directorate on moshoeshoemalimpho@yahoo.
Corruption and com
Economic Offences
98. Litelu Ramokhoro Lesotho Directorate on Litelu2ramokhoro@yahoo.com

Corruption and
Economic Offences
99. Charity Mphande Malawi Malawi Anti- cmphande@acbmw.com
Temwachi Corruption Bureau temwachi2@gmail.com
100. Mary Phombeya Malawi Malawi Anti- mphombeya@acbmw.com
Corruption bureau
101. Mauritius Independent ijheengut@icac.mu
Commission
Isswar Jheengut Against corruption
102. Bernardo Junior Bernardo Duce Mozambique Anti-Corruption ducebernardo@yahoo.com.br
Commission
103. Joao Chaua Mozambique Anti-Corruption jofilicha@yahoo.com.br
Commission
104. Namibia Anti-Corruption hiitula@accnamibia.org
Commission hiitual@yahoo.com
Helena n. Iitula
105. Namibia Anti-Corruption christinembala@yahoo.com
Mbala- Commission mbala1@accnamibia.org
Christine Liswaniso
106. Enock Qoma South Africa -SIU Special eqoma@siu.org.za
Investigations Unit
107. Brian Chita South Africa -SIU Special bchitwa@siu.org.za
Investigations Unit
108. Mary Kidima Tanzania Prevention and marykidima@yahoo.com
Combatting of
Corruption Bureau
109. Steven Ndaki Tanzania Prevention and dkapwani1@yahoo.com
Combatting of
Corruption Bureau
110. Rwereeza Jules Uganda Inspectorate of jrwereza@iggi.go.ug
Government
111. Catherine Sekandi Uganda Inspectorate of csekandi@igg.go.ug
Government
112. Never Sakala Zambia Anti-corruption neversakala@yahoo.com
commission
113. Dorothy Cheelo Zambia Anti-Corruption dcheelo@acc.gov.zm
Commission
26
APPENDIX 3–KEY NOTE ADDRESS
Mrs. Rose N. Seretse,

Director- General, Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime
• Director of Ceremonies,
• Mr Ikwatlhaeng Bagopi, the Board Member of the CAACC Advisory Board,
• Dr. Roger Koranteng Adviser to the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre,
who is also the Adviser for Governance and Anti-Corruption in the Governance and
Natural Resources Advisory Services Division at the Commonwealth Secretariat,
• DCEC Senior management here present,
• Heads of Corruption Prevention and Public Education Divisions from
Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Agencies here present,
• Our resource persons from Botswana, Ms Bagaise Mabilo, the Executive Secretary
of BOCONGO, Mr Buyani Zongwane, Director of Media Institute of Southern Africa-
Botswana Chapter
• From Zambia - Mr. Goodwill Lungu, the Executive Director of Transparency
International Zambia and Mr. Augustine Mkandawire, the Executive Director of the
Policy Analysis and Evaluation Bureau,
• The Executive Directors of JCI Botswana,the African Women Leadership Academy
(TAWLA) and BOSASNet,
• The members of the third estate, civil society organizations and the private sector,
distinguished participants good morning.
I wish to thank you for attending today’s conference whose theme is “Civil Society’s
Role in Combating Corruption across Commonwealth Africa.”
Ladies and gentlemen, this is a pilot conference hosted by the Commonwealth Africa
Anti-Corruption Centre and will be rolled out across the 18 member countries of the
Commonwealth in Africa where there are anti-corruption agencies. The main objective
of this conference, and others that will take place in future, is to promote collaboration
between anti-corruption agencies and civil society organizations. This conference is a
platform for dialogue between the DCEC and the civil society organizations of
Botswana to discuss the roles that they can both play to combat corruption as well as
the expectations from both parties. This can only be achieved through collaboration
that ranges from awareness raising to policy formation, and ultimately monitoring of
issues such as the quality and delivery of public goods and services to the nation and
the implementation of the anti-corruption strategies at a national level. Ladies and
gentlemen, I do not want to prescribe the role that you can play in the envisaged
collaboration, but I hope that the actions agreed upon at the end of this conference will
add impetus to the anti corruption discourse.
Any collaborative effort will be in vain if we do not bring to the forefront the negative
consequences of corruption such as diverted funds from health care, education and other
essential services. The Transparency International Corruption Perception Index ranks
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Botswana as being the least corrupt country on the continent. This does not mean that
corruption does not exist, nor does it mean that we should become complacent. It simply
means that concerted efforts should be made to ensure that we rid our countries of the
scourge. Now is the time for all of us to take an active part in the fight against corruption
so that we can create a legacy of a corruption free Botswana for future generations.
There is no better time to make the voice of our civil society heard, especially at the policy
making level.
The conference comes at an opportune time when dialogue and collaborations are being
encouraged between civil society organizations and anti-corruption authorities. These
collaborations and dialogue are backed up by a number of international instruments such
as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) and the Commonwealth
Strategies to Combat Corruption: The Commonwealth Updated Legislative and Technical
Guide.
Distinguished participants you will be aware that Botswana ratified UNCAC in 2011 and
subsequently underwent a Country Review Process to assess the level of implementation
of the Convention. Amongst the challenges identified during the review, was the
inadequate engagement or advocacy of the civil society in the fight against corruption. I
am certain that this malady is not only unique to Botswana but rather a majority of the
countries represented here.
UNCAC addresses a wide range of preventive, detection and enforcement provisions
relating to corruption including those that clearly spell out the obligations of civil society’s
role in fighting corruption. Article 13 of the Convention calls for state parties to ensure
active participation of civil society, non-governmental organizations and community-based
organizations, in preventing and fighting corruption as well as to raise public awareness
regarding the existence, causes and gravity of and the threat posed by corruption. I place
strong emphasis on the word “participation” which according to the article entails:
• Enhancing the transparency of and promoting the contribution of thepublic to
decision-making processes;
• Ensuring that the public has effective access to information;
• Undertaking public information activities that contribute to non toleranceof
corruption, as well as public education programmes, including school and university
curricula, and;
• Respecting, promoting and protecting the freedom to seek, receive, publish and
disseminate information concerning corruption.
The Commonwealth Secretariat has also developed a guide called Commonwealth
Strategies to Combat Corruption: The Commonwealth Updated Legislative and Technical
Guide. Just like UNCAC, the guide calls for the participation of civil society, which
comprises of; NGO’s, trade unions, mass media, faith based organizations and others.
The guide highlights the challenges being faced by anti-corruption agencies in partnering
with the civil society to address corruption related matters.
One of the identified challenges is promoting civil society participation in the prevention of
corruption. The DCEC has tried on numerous occasions to establish collaborations and
28
this has not been easy. I am pleased to let you know that we currently have two flagship
collaborations. A memorandum of understanding has been signed with University of
Botswana to enhance cooperation and partnership to propel the Business Ethics Network
of Africa Botswana Chapter (BENABOTS). BENABOTS was formed to promote and
encourage the interaction of both theoretical knowledge and practical skill in managing
business ethics. This will be through research, writing papers and other areas related to
business ethics. The DCEC is also working with BOCCIM to have a fully operational
Business Action Against Corruption (BAAC), which is founded on a view, that corruption
can only be adequately addressed if cooperative alliances are built with the business
sector.
I wish to commend the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre for having adopted
the stakeholder engagement approach for bringing the DCEC together with the civil
society. It is my desire that consequent to this conference, a mutual plan of action will be
agreed upon by all parties present today. As the DCEC, we pledge our unwavering
support to these collaborative actions. I implore on the DCEC and BOCONGO to come
together to oversee the implementation of the plan. In due course, I would like to see the
development of collaborative strategies between DCEC and BOCONGO which will
eventually be cascaded to the civil society. Implementation of agreed strategies appears
to be the greatest challenge in Botswana and I ask you to come up with strategies that are
easily implementable with realistic performance measures.
I implore you to have constructive and meaningful discussions to explore areas of mutual
interest and collaboration within the sphere of effectively dealing with corruption. This is
the first conference of its kind organized by the Centre and I would like to see the DCEC
BOCONGO collaboration being the most robust out of the 18 Commonwealth African
countries.
Let me take this opportunity to urge the Heads of Corruption Prevention and Education to
share their experiences and to utilise the learning’s from these discussions in developing
robust strategies in their respective countries. We need to be open minded to local and
regional perspectives and replicate what has been working so that we can strengthen our
collaboration.
It is my singular honor and privilege to declare this conference officially opened and I wish
you fruitful deliberations.
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APPENDIX 4 – THE STATE OF CORRUPTION IN COMMONWEALTH AFRICA AND
COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS IN FIGHTING CORRUPTION
Dr. Roger Koranteng,

Adviser Governance and Anti-Corruption, Commonwealth Secretariat
Good morning, greetings from the Commonwealth Secretariat in London, UK.
Research findings on how effectively corruption is fought in Africa shows that results are
sometimes disappointing. Meanwhile, Africa is not devoid of the laws, policies and
institutions to fight anti-corruption, the problem is in the nature of the states, the lack of
political will and the low capacity of officials, oversight mechanisms, and poverty in the
midst of abundance. Many corruption scandals on the continent are partly responsible for
poverty in the face of vast natural resources in Africa with:
- 40% of the world’s potential hydroelectric power supply
- The bulk of the world’s diamonds and chromium
- 50% of the world’s gold, phosphates and palm oil
- 90% of the world’s cobalt
- 64% of the world’s manganese
- 70% of the world’s cocoa
- 60% of the world’s coffee, and
- Others such as petroleum, natural gas, unfarmed land and wildlife
Corruption affects the political, social and economic development of Africa and the ability
of states to meet the aspiration of African peoples. It is a cross-cutting factor that affects
human rights, democratic governance, rule of law, peace and security and development
on the Continent.
The devastating effects of corruption include capital flight, misuse of grants and aid
resources earmarked for development purposes and lack of service delivery, etc, thereby
severely contributing to the development crisis faced by Africa today.
There is also a direct and recognizable nexus between corruption, poverty and lack of
human development. African countries recognized the negative effects of corruption with
impunity on the political, economic, social and cultural stability of African States and its
devastating effects on the economic and social development of the African people.
According to the AU, “many African countries are trapped in this cycle of corruption,
poverty and underdevelopment. Corruption undermines the ability to achieve the
Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s), because resources meant to enhance
education, health, rural roads, electricity and water infrastructures are diverted for
individual use and personal purposes.
While corruption is a global phenomenon, the impact is felt more in poor and
underdeveloped countries, where resources for development are unduly diverted into
private hands, which exacerbates poverty. According to the 2005 African Governance
30
Report (AGR I), corruption is perceived as the most serious national problem next to
poverty and unemployment. In a similar vein, the 2009 African Governance Report
(AGRII) indicates that over 50% of the consulted perceive the executive, the police and
judiciary to be the most corrupt institutions. Sadly enough, the report indicated that even
CSOs are not immune to corruption.
The findings of the African Governance Reports are further supported by Transparency
International’s corruption perception index in Africa. According to TI, between 2007 and
2010 only three countries - Mauritius, Botswana and Cape Verde met the minimum
threshold of five points, which is the cut off point for tolerable level of corruption in any
country. Similarly, the 2007 Global Corruption Barometer showed that Africa as a region is
considered to have suffered most from public corruption. These findings clearly indicate
that corruption is a serious and pervasive problem in Africa and remains a major obstacle
to development and good governance.
The socio-economic and political cost of corruption is myriad in Africa. For instance, it was
estimated that corruption costs the continent over US $ 148 billion per annum. Moreover,
50 % of tax revenue, 25% of the continent’s GDP and US $30 billion dollars in aid for
Africa was eaten up by corruption. In addition, illicit financial flows especially by
Multinational Corporations (MNCs) mostly through corrupt practices continue to deny
African countries the needed financial resources for development. This makes corruption
a serious development challenge in Africa.
According to Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda, “There can be no doubt
that corruption is very costly to both governments and businesses and as such impacts
negatively on our development efforts. It therefore makes economic sense and good
politics to fight corruption. Equally not in doubt is the fact that success of the fight against
corruption depends on good governance.
The international community and African countries, in particular, have attempted to tackle
the problem of corruption in the past decade. A number of international, regional, sub
regional and national instruments have been devised to combat the menace. The
enactment of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), the African
Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AUCPCC), and the Southern
Africa Development Community (SADC), the Economic Community for West African
States (ECOWAS) and the East African Community protocols are examples. Many African
countries have also established national anti-corruption institutions in an effort to tackle
the problem. In spite of all these efforts and measures, the spread of corruption has been
unrelenting and has remained a major obstacle to the attainment of the continent’s
development goals.
Africa has many institutions that were set up to fight corruption but their efforts have been
frustrated by slow implementation of anti-corruption protocols at the national level as many
of the institutions have been struggling with capacity problems and credibility issues.
The Commonwealth whose member countries are spread across every region of the globe
with a combined population of 2.13 billion, representing 31 percent of the world’s
population, and which have a unique association in their collective commitment to the
31
values of democracy, good governance, the rule of law, and respect for human rights is
built upon a shared history and tradition as well as a common language; with informed
common concern to improve poverty reduction, gender equality, and tolerance; respect;
peace and security and economic growth.
A central part of the commonwealth’s endeavors is to help member countries face up to
corruption and tackle its destructive impact. Commonwealth member countries are
generally doing comparatively better than their global counter parts; this is believed to be
largely due to the shared Commonwealth tradition of democracy, rule of law and public
administration.
An assessment of the leadership capabilities of African heads of governments found that
eight of the ten top leaders are Commonwealth countries, and none of the 18
commonwealth leaders were rated in the lowest quartile of the 52 African countries
assessed. Nine of the ten most peaceful were Commonwealth countries headed by
Botswana. Aside from quality leaders, Commonwealth governments are generally more
effective and have a more consistent rule of law compared to non-commonwealth
countries.
At this juncture, let me congratulate another Commonwealth citizenthe Namibia’s
president, H.E. Pohamba, for winning the $5m African leadership prize awarded by the Mo
Ibrahim Foundation for boosting governance, media freedom and human rights in the
southern African country.
There was no candidate for the prize since 2011, when it was given to Cape Verde’s
former president Pedro Verona Pires. The honour is the world’s most valuable individual
prize, giving the winner $5m over 10 years and $200,000 a year for life.
The record of Commonwealth countries with regard to corruption is generally good
because amongst Commonwealth members, there is no room for complacency when it
comes to corruption.
Fighting corruption in Commonwealth Africa will also help in fighting poverty and make an
important contribution for developing and delivering national development goals, in doing
this, the Commonwealth Secretariat helps to make the vision of international development
into reality.
Many developing African countries whose public sectors are hampered by corruption,
poor management and inadequate public services have made little or no progress towards
achievement of the national development goals. This underscores why the
Commonwealth facilitates cooperation and building of an Anti-Corruption Agencies’
Association in Africa that can ensure an effective public administrative, responsive and
efficient corruption-free public service.
The Commonwealth is ideally placed in its strategic efforts to foster genuine partnerships
between all member states. Its effectiveness is built upon the “ownership” by its members,
and the trust and confidence that member countries have in the Commonwealth
Secretariat to work on this important agenda for the Commonwealth countries in Africa.
32
The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) mandate in 2005 obliges
the Commonwealth Secretariat to support member states to develop and adopt measures
and strategies to combat corruption and improve governance (CHOGM mandate, 2005).
To this end, Commonwealth Secretariat prioritized anti-corruption work to strengthen good
governance through reduction in corruption and thereby promoting accountability and
integrity in the Commonwealth.
To achieve this end, the Commonwealth Secretariat supported in-country collaborative
approaches to deal with issues of corruption by mobilizing all key institutions and other
stakeholders involved in monitoring, detecting, responding to corruption related issues.
This in-country anti-corruption project started off in Commonwealth Africa countries
expanded to the Caribbean region and then in Asia.
Recognizing that many anti-corruption agencies and institutions in Africa face major
challenges in spearheading the fight against corruption, the Secretariat decided that it
could add unique value in this area by using its convening power to establish a network
through which these agencies could learn from and support each other.
Accordingly, in 2011, Commonwealth Secretariat established the Association of Anti-
Corruption Agencies (ACAs) in Commonwealth Africa. This Community of Practice seeks
to promote collaboration and learning in the region through the sharing of experiences and
good practices. Since the establishment of the ACA association, members have benefited
from pro-bono inter-agency support and have been able to devise strategies to self-
manage and self-sustain anti-corruption work. Its annual heads of ACAs meeting acts as a
focal point for the network, providing a forum through which heads have peer-reviewed
country anti-corruption reports and shared transferable experiences through south-south
cooperation and peer learning. Meetings have so far been held in Botswana in 2011,
Zambia in 2012, Mauritius in 2013 and Ghana in 2014. This year’s meeting will take place
in Tanzania in May 2015.
The Secretariat again, in 2013, established the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption
Centre in Botswana in partnership with the Government of Botswana and the Association
of Anti-Corruption Agencies (ACAs) in Commonwealth Africa. The Centre delivers
innovative and bespoke capacity building package to aid ACAs the fight against
corruption. All Heads of Anti-Corruption Agencies, its department heads, and officers have
benefitted from the Centre’s innovative professional action learning and capacity
development programmes. This confirms the value-added of Commonwealth Secretariat’s
efforts, clearly targeted and focused on Secretariat’s areas of comparative advantage,
such as South-South learning and networking.
By forming the Association of Anti-Corruption Agencies in Commonwealth Africa and also
establishing the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre here in Gaborone, in
partnership with the Government of Botswana, the Commonwealth Secretariat reaffirms its
commitment to priorities anti-corruption in line with the mandate from the Commonwealth
Heads of Government to root out systemic corruption at both national and international
levels.
33
The operations of the Centre are shared initiatives by the Heads of ACAs, and take place
with the direct involvement and interest of the Heads of the associated Anti-Corruption
Agencies. This personal buy-in from the Heads of Agencies greatly enhances the shared
commitment and a sense of ownership. The Centre provides one-stop-shop for reaching
out to all the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Agencies - as such, doing business
with the Centre means doing business with all the Anti-Corruption Agencies in
Commonwealth Africa at one place.
In efforts against domestic corruption, Commonwealth Secretariat recognizes the
contribution civil society can make will be all the more important if CSOs are well
integrated into society, and not compromised by questionable political allegiances. Civil
society can then fulfill irreplaceable functions such as channeling information from citizens
to the State institutions to design appropriate strategies, enrolling the participation and
support of citizens and enterprises in the implementation of anti-corruption policies,
maintaining pressure for a political commitment against corruption, while ensuring that
anti-corruption drives are really rooted in public interest.
Conclusion
There is a need for an international response to illicit financial flows across borders, in
which embezzled funds are transferred out of Africa and deposited in offshore centres.
This could take the form of an international agreement to enhance monitoring of
suspicious financial transactions. Concerted advocacy from African countries would be
needed to achieve progress towards any such agreement.
Governments in Africa also need to collaborate to close loopholes that allow companies
legally registered in offshore centres, to avoid tax in many continental African countries.
Another option would be for African anti-corruption agencies to blacklist companies found
to be involved in corrupt activities. This option could be used to place limitations on
therightsof these companies’ to invest in other countries or, at least, to allow governments
an informed choice as to whether to permit investment by companies previously
implicated in corruption.
Alternatively, a mechanism to share intelligence on individuals and organisations

implicated in corruption between and among anti-corruption agencies might be a more
politically viable means to achieve this goal.
The most successful collaborative anti-corruption programme in Africa is arguably the
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. The principle of using transparency
mechanisms, monitored by an international organisation such as Commonwealth
Secretariat, could be transferred to other areas, such as:
• Non-extractive investment – can governments demonstrate that payments made by
companies in sectors such as agri-business, tourism, retail, telecommunications,
etc. have actually been deposited in public accounts?
34
• Procurement – can governments demonstrate that services which have been paid
for have actually been delivered?
• Infrastructure – can governments demonstrate that a competitive and transparent
bidding process was used for the award of construction contracts?
• Ghost workers – can governments demonstrate the use of effective payroll systems
to ensure that ghost workers are not being employed?
The Commonwealth Secretariat collaborative effort include creating opportunities for anti-
corruption agencies to share best practice as well as regular meetings and the facilitation
of regular country visits among agencies in order to maximize knowledge sharing. Peer
reviews amonganti-corruption agencies arealso effective form of collaboration under the
auspice of the Heads of ACAs in Commonwealth Africa Peer Review Meeting, specifically
intended for anti-corruption agencies to be more effective in providing detailed and useful
feedback.Thank you
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APPENDIX 5 – ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN FIGHTING CORRUPTION
Ms. Bagaise Mabilo

Executive Secretary, Botswana Council of Non-Governmental Organisations
Activists and Friends of the NGO Community; our role in fighting crime and corruption in
this country begins with our commitment to strengthen our own capacity in understanding
and identifying our role in corruption prevention, building capacity of our institutions, and
creating collaborative partnerships with key stakeholders both nationally, regionally and
internationally. Therefore the collective mission of this Conference is to focus on key
corruption mechanisms such as professional ethics and raising public awareness.
For our benefit this conference will sensitize you on the role of civil society in fighting
crime; we will also reflect and discuss our own Botswana scenario amongst others ways
of reducing corruption in commonwealth Africa.
Having being invited to this Conference; some of you have expressed your
‘EXPECTATIONS’ the desire for this occasion to analyze the root causes of corruption
from the socio-economic, moral, administrative, technical and professional view points
that you may have. You have also aired to us the need to touch on institutional framework
for control, prevention, legislative environment in Botswana and opportunities available to
us to make crime prevention effective and efficient and of course realize and appreciate
the global status of corruption. I am well informed and confirm that the presenters of today
and the plenary will address what you have registered as a need for attention at this
Conference;
1. It is a great honor and a privilege to have this opportunity to address you during this
landmark occasion for civil society in Botswana, being the first DCEC, Commonwealth &
BOCONGO collaboration ON Corruption Prevention Civil Society Conference in
Botswana. The Botswana Council of Non-Governmental Organizations (BOCONGO), in
part, coordinates this event; which is facilitated and hosted by DCEC and Commonwealth
Africa Anti-Corruption Centre (CAACC). It is, indeed, a key turning point for the future of
civil society in corruption prevention in Botswana.
2. As Civil society sector in Botswana, we are fully aware of the critical role that we need
to play in the development of this country, including corruption prevention. Despite the
resource constraints for enabling CSO corruption prevention; BOCONGO is committed to
supporting a healthy and vibrant civil society sector in Botswana, which responds to the
needs of its communities, contributes to the advancement of the nation’s socio-economic
agenda, and ultimately ensures the voices of its people are heard and their rights are
respected; including most importantly Corruption Prevention. For these basic reasons, it is
an honor to be here this morning and to have the opportunity to address you during this
landmark event.
Why does civil society matter?
3.No country in the world is able to function effectively without the support and
participation of its “third” sector – being civil society or non-state actors, NGOs. Therefore
we need to ask ourselves critical questions on – Why does civil society matter in
Corruption Prevention? Why are these organizations at this Conference today so
important?
36
4.Across the globe today, civil society organizations can and do create awareness of
communities on corruption prevention; empower community corruption investigative skills;
question and advocate for the independence of the directorates of economic crime and
prevention agencies; and essentially challenge governments to be transparent and
accountable to the people they are employed to serve.
5.Botswana is no different. Civil society in this country has existed for decades, focusing
amongst other things such as poverty alleviation, the rights of women and children, HIV
and AIDS; recently rights of prisoners or incarcerated inmates and other marginalized
groups. In the realm of Corruption Prevention; CSOs role has mainly been to;
• Monitor Public Services.
• Raising awareness of Prevention.
• Contribute at the national level to implementation of the internationalanti-corruption
instruments such as the UNCAC as already mentioned.
Why is civil society more important now than ever before?
6.Eventhough the world wide ranking of the government’s ability to provide sound policies
and regulations; and though Botswana is commended for having an exemplary policy
framework and good policies; we are concerned as civil society that implementation of
these policies falls well short of our expectations as Batswana; and to site these without
pin pointing the actual case studies – we have delays in implementing law changes; we
have on paper good policies that look like they could work and in practice are
implemented in counterproductive manner. This is also common with civil society and the
private sector.
7.In Botswana we have a project oriented M & E approach to development projects for
example; we have limited periodic documented ministerial monitoring information
published and placed in the public domain. We have challenges with up to date data
availability to enable us to populate performance indicators and inform policy; we do not
have a Freedom of Information Act that allows for ease of access to information. We have
a limited access to public sector/CSO/private sector institutional strategies to mainstream
corruption prevention. Globally we continue to debate that independence of directorates of
corruption should be accountability to Parliament and not Ministries of Justice in
Botswana DCEC is directly accountable to the Office of the President and not
Parliament.We are aware of the Good public awareness of Corruption Prevention the
DCEC does and this is popularly how we have high levels of knowledge of the directorate.
8.But most critically we have a civil society in Botswana that does not have adequate
resources and expertise to play its primary role in Corruption Prevention. We have a CSO
that does not have the capacity to review and contribute to the UNCAC National Reports
due to lack of capacity in this area; and we do not have a CSO that is producing shadow
reports on the UNCAC. Similarly we do not have a civil society that has fully appreciated
the SADC Protocol Against Corruption (SPAC) nor tracking government performance on
implementation of SPAC.
37
9.In a small way CSO through the BOCONGO annual budget analysis forums highlighted
Corruption in Botswana as an issue affecting effective service delivery; and amongst
these cited the delay in completion and handover of development projects, the policy gaps
in the procurement of public assets, the lack of decentralization and strengthening
independence of oversight institutions and the lack of the Freedom of information bill. In
addition the lack of policy enforcement in some quarters, such as delays in local
government audits and lack of involvement of CSO in the national budgeting process were
findings perceived to promote corruption.
10.In 2014; CSOs were asked to make a contribution to the first National Report on the
UNCAC; and I must commend Mrs. Seretse and the entire DCEC Management Team; for
its efforts to involve CSOs through BOCONGO. That initiative marked the realization of the
limited capacity we have as CSOs in this area, and it was a beginning of a partnership
with DCEC whereby BOCONGO was exposed to UNCAC Secretariat in Austria and
through the facilitation of DCEC – BOCONGO and its members were invited to make
applications for training on the UNCAC articles and Shadow reporting for article the
UNCAC articles. So far only one representative was trained from civil society, so we still
have a long way to go.
11.BOCONGO as an affiliate of the of SADC-Council of NGOs has had the privilege to
facilitate member participation at the 2014 NGO Workshop on Corruption where SADC
CNGO launched a research it did on corruption prevention in the region, SADC CNGO
through its annual SADC regional Hot spot tracker reports highlights some of the SADC
challenges the region experiences and continues to face such as conflict, poverty, lack of
infrastructure, poor movement of people regulations; governance issues including
corruption.
At the beginning of 2015 where SADC-CNGO hosted a workshop for experts where NGOs
reflected on where it is with corruption prevention in the region, and what needs to happen
to accelerate and upscale CSO participation on corruption prevention. Some of the
proposed areas of importance include but not limited to;
• Putting in place a comprehensive effective coordination mechanisms and establish
linkages and synergies to combat corruption through coming up with a mapping
exercise and establishing a database of NGOs nationally, regionally and
internationally;
• To promote the development and adoption by member states of the SADC of a
monitoring system on the implementation of the SPAC.
• To conduct research in Southern African Region on corruption for evidence based
advocacy.
• To identify areas for capacity enhancement for both state and non state actors in
the region.
• Cascade the programme to the national NGOs or CSOs through BOCONGO.
12. The reality that we must acknowledge is that given all of the above institutional,
operational/administrative and governance issues, Botswana continues to experience
levels of corruption big and small. While recognizing the significant efforts of the
38
Government of Botswana to diversify Corruption Prevention through DCEC; reporting
administrative inefficiencies through Ombudsman, and project monitoring through NSO;
we must acknowledge and embrace our situation where we have increasing number of
corruption reports, and a general lack of understanding and organized community role and
action against corruption.
What does this mean for BOCONGO?
13. BOCONGO has a long history of supporting NGOs through coordination and capacity
building; in this regards much as we appreciate that there are challenges for NGOs in
corruption prevention for example;
• General lack of common goals and values.
• Limited support to actualize implementation at the national level --participation of
NGOs on the UNCAC or allocation of national resources towards this.
• Limited resources to sponsor NGO training, research and information exchanges
including ease of access to technical information.
• Multiplicity and varying agendas for anti corruption work.
• Weak CSO institutions
• Poor corruption prevention mainstreaming and enforcement - BOCONGO for
example has the NGO Code of conduct that it shares with members - but is poorly
resourced and enforced.
14.Eventhough we have all these challenges, CSOs are expected to play an influential
role in setting agenda and implementing development as well as advocate for anti-
corruption reforms. There are comparative advantages of working with NGOs in
Corruption Prevention and these include and not limited to:
• Combining external and internal pressure for reforms to address corruption; our
external voice should validate the internal DCEC team but at the same time support
international pressures to operate to an acceptable standard - this is important as it
creates an impetus for positive desired change.
• NGOs give information on internal country dialogue using in-country experience by
advocating for tailored attention that resonates with country situation. Hence
therefore by producing national level shadow reports we also give in-depth
knowledge of the country situation.
• With vibrancy of CSOs in the corruption prevention, this promotes vertical
accountability by calling for government own commitment against corruption.
• NGOs have also been able to popularize communities around the treaties example
UNCAC and SPAC.
Closing statements
15.This conference will accord civil society, Government, the private sector, as well as
international cooperating partners, an opportunity to discuss the future of civil society in
Botswana. We all know and make reference to the fact that NGOs make a significant
39
contribution to attaining our national development goals, and achieving Vision 2016 and
Corruption prevention.
16. This conference must empower us to ask and answer some difficult questions about
civil society participation in corruption prevention in Botswana: ‘Is it enough?’, ‘Does it
work well for us?’, ‘Where are the gaps?’, and ‘How do we address them?’ More
importantly, we need to question the fundamental assumption that civil society will always
be here to do what Government, donors and the private sector cannot or will not do. This
conference will showcase the NGO sector as a strategic partner in national development
agenda, including that of Corruption prevention.
17. BOCONGO/DCEC/CACCC all have similar interests of;Being the watchdog of
government actions and policies by measuring progress towards implementation of
UNCAC; exposing corruption cases, fraud and maladministration;Monitoring, through
provision of independent reviews; shadow reporting and most importantly networking and
coalition building especially along common issues.
18. Colleagues ladies and gentlemen - the time is now for you, civil society, to re-invent
yourself as a credible partner in Corruption prevention; and the opportunity offered by this
conference is enormous. I urge all of you to seize this opportunity and continue to make
your presence and voice heard. Share the outcomes of the deliberations of this
conference with those who were not able to attend, and create an excitement for the
future of civil society in this country on Crime Prevention Agenda. I wish you pleasant
deliberations.
40
APPENDIX 6 – COLLABORATION EFFORTS IN FIGHTING CORRUPTION
Mr. Buyane Zongwani

Director, Media Institute of Southern Africa
Introduction
• Corruption is rampant in most African countries with Botswana being regarded as
one of the least corrupt (minimum thresh-hold 5points)
• But, is the corruption ranking that our country is alleged to, match what is on the
ground?
• Most people gathered here today have their own versions.
• Despite what level the country is perceived to have attained the truth is corruption
has to be prevented for developmental projects to reach their intended
beneficiaries.
• I know the DCEC is committed to a zero corruption rate in the country.
• This can be achieved if all sectors of the economy participate on the campaign.
• That is the Public sector, Private sector and the civil society.
The Civil Society Participation

• The civil society compliments the other two sectors by;
Delivering services to marginalized sections of the society
The civil society has on the ground expertise's of the needs of their
constituencies
Can help identify appropriate programmes tailored for each constituent
The civil society can mobilize funds from across borders
• The Civil Society should be engaged on any social ill affecting the society and be
part of the solution finding process.
• An all inclusive approach is likely to yield good results
How can the collaboration be done?
• Most reports and publicized corruption cases in Botswana are around public
procurement
• The civil society should be engaged at the inception of all developmental projects
• During the crafting of the Project Memorandum or the Business case the
representative of the civil society should be part of the process
• Representatives of the appropriate constituent of the civil society should help in
justifying the relevancy of the project
• This representative should be able to identify whether the intended benefits of the
project match the needs of the constituents.This can help reveal projects intended
to benefit individuals at the expense of members of the public.
• The three-tier project structure should be encouraged. See diagram below:
41
Business
(Government
reps)
Suppliers
(contractors)
Users(CSO-rep)
• The civil society representative will seat in all project progress meetings and report
to the civil society coalition body.
• The representative should inspect the adjudication report and his or her approval
sought before award of any public tenders.
• This representative should be able to ascertain that nepotism and conflict of
interest is cleared.
• The civil society representative should be instrumental in the maintenance of the
risk management plan to avoid issues such as those encountered at National
stadium, SSKA, Shakawe Senior secondary school and Morupule just to mention a
few.
• This representative should be active during entire life of a project and ascertain that
the appropriate project product is delivered without cutting corners
Sensitization Campaigns
• Organs of the public/private sector can partner with an appropriate CSO in up

scaling zero corruption tolerance campaigns.
• A broad base can be covered by this approach and relying on the expertise of CSO
and its knowledge of local communities.
• The CSO will be able to guide on the type of message to be packaged and
delivered to appropriate segment of the community.
• The inclusion of local CSO has the potential to generate interest from the local
communities and give the whole project credibility as well as acceptance.
• Governments should learn to view the civil society as a partner in development
rather than an enemy.
• The civil society should always exercise its watchdog role.
42
APPENDIX 7 – CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS' SOURCES OF DATA AND USAGE OF “CORRUPTION
TRENDS ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION”
Mr. Augustine Mkandawire,

Executive Director, Policy Analysis and Evaluation Bureau, Zambia
Outline of Presentation
• Understanding Trend Analysis as a Method
• Why Apply Trend Analysis in Anti-Corruption Work
• When to Apply Trend Analysis
• Key Steps in Using Trend Analysis
• Objectives of Trend Analysis in Anti-Corruption Work
• Sources of Trend Data on Anti-Corruption Work
• Presenting trend data: reflection exercise
Understanding trend analysis as a method
“Building collaboration with civil society is not easy. We have tried several times.”
“Sometimes accessing information from government is not easy we have limited means to
validate the data”
• Trend analysis looks at how a potential driver of change has evolved over time. And
how it is likely to develop in the future.
• It is a rational analysis approach of performance patterns that provides a far more

reliable basis for speculation and prediction than using mere intuition.
NOTE: Trend analysis does not predict what the future will look like; it becomes a
powerful tool for strategic planning by creating plausible, detailed scenarios of what the
future might be look.
http://www.oecd.orghttp://www.oecd.org
• Trend analysis is the process of interrogating and comparing performance data
over time.
• It helps an entity to explore, establish and investigate critical variations in

performance or trends (institutional processes/programmes).
• Provides a basis for an organization to develop a strategy to respond to these

trends in line with its mandates and functions (business goals).
https://www.business.qld.gov.au
Why apply trend analysis in anti-corruption work
43
• “The problem of corruption around the world is daunting, and fighting it is a long-
term challenge. Although there are many examples of successful efforts in
particular institutions, examples of countries making dramatic progress in fighting
corruption over a short period of time are rare.”
Source: World Bank(1999) The Fight Against Corruption A World Bank Perspective
• In many of Commonwealth countries effective and efficient reforms are often
resisted by public officials, politicians and bureaucrats in many cases the very
people whose jobs/performance are meant to benefit from the reforms.
• Reforms remarkably reduces opportunities for benefits from corruption; so they are
resisted
• Lack of evidence often politicize policy engagements and dialogues on the status of
corruption (lack of credibility/integrity)
• Politicization limit prospects effective preventive and reactive strategies to combat

corruption; suspicion; data sharing; information gathering; awareness etc
• Why Civil Society Actors are often treated with Contempt by Governments?
“Building collaboration with civil society is not easy. We have tried several times.”
Sometimes accessing information is not easy we have limited means to validate the
data)
• But, we know that anti-corruption work is more effective when it involves a large
variety of partners and is founded on strong domestic commitment and evidence-
based proposals for reform.
Pillars:
• Strong political will and leadership
• civil society involvement within a transparent and participatory process
• the power of rigorous data
• the use of new toolkits and approaches.
When to apply trend analysis in anti-corruption work
• Public entities use public resources and have to account for how they use the
resources with results = FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY/ RESULTS-BASED
MANAGEMENT
• Organisations and businesses employers always want to know whether or not they
have hired the right chief executive officer;
• Management always wants to know whether their staffs are delivering or not? Staff
members always want to know whether they are contributing to organizational
vision, mandate and goals and whether the strategies employed are working and
44
how these can be improved to achieve maximum impact = PERFORMANCE
MANAGEMENT/ ACCOUNTABILITY/LEARNING AND CHANGE
• The public wants to know whether public resources are being used prudently and
for the intended purpose; who are the winners and losers? MANAGING FOR
DEVELOPMENT RESULTS
Key steps in using trend analysis

• Review your KPIs
• Develop Trend analysis system
• Prepare for analysis – determine what KPIs you want to examine and compare
• Apply a threshold, that is the level at which an a change is worth noting ( apply
discretion based on your experience
• Conduct cause analysis – investigate key factors explaining variations
• Use management information systems:
– Keep accurate records; analyse critical decisions points; maintain data

integrity; store information in usable formats; encourage team participation
• Benchmark your performance
45
Sources of trend data on anti-corruption work
46
a) Global integrity
- Global Integrity produces innovative research and technologies to inform, connect,
and empower civic, private, and public reformers seeking more open societies.
- It, therefore, champions transparent and accountable governments across the

globe. Its work anchors on three programmes:
- Global Integrity Report 2004-2011 (datasets; indicators, key findings)
- Africa Integrity Indicators
- Local Integrity Initiative
b) Global Integrity Index and Data Portal

• The GI Index assesses the availability, effectiveness and use by citizens of key
anti-corruption mechanisms at national level.
• Unlike the Transparency Corruption Perception Index or its sister index, the Bribe
Payers’ Index the GI does not seek to measure corruption
• Evaluates performance: of programmes, state institutions; enforcements of these
programmes; accountability of public officials for their actions
• Provides Interactive datasets

• Provides Interactive maps
• Interactive Reports
47
– AC Programmes; laws
– Anti-corruption agency
– Rule of law
– Law enforcement (emphasize preventive measures)
c) Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance ((IIAG)

• The purpose of the IIAG is to provide annual assessment of governance
performance amongst African countries and establish progress by tracking
changes overtime
• It provides evidence to support programming of ACAs; for monitoring
implementations; for evaluating effectiveness and impact of ACAs; support strategy
for policy dialogues; engagements and reviews.
Cross - Country IIAG Trends: 2006-2011
Country 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Zambia 65 65 65 62 61 64
Kenya 52 53 51 47 49 49
Lesotho 69 69 69 69 69 69
Malawi 66 65 65 65 64 62
Ghana 73 73 72 73 71 72
Tanzania 64 62 63 61 60 62
Botswana 87 88 88 86 88 89
When they have too many variables or figures, statistical tables fail to clearly show what is
happening overtime; it raises more questions than answers; does not summaries data or
evidence;
- What has changed in our ACAs? (monitoring, reviews)
- What has changed in our strategies ( mid-term reviews; monitoring)
- What has been the impact on the state of corruption? Or transparency? (mid-term
evaluations; end of programme evaluations;
- What does the general public and opinion makers feel has changed?
48
Reflections
• Trend Analysis (M&E) is

to find out what works
and what does not work,
CSO
draw lessons and
( Funds; Results; document evidence to
Confidence)
inform future programmes
• They serve accountability
functions/
Government Staff/Board
(Funds; Mandate &
• They serve credibility and
service Functions( F integrity functions
delivery; unds, Vision;
development) Mandate and • Basis for evidence-based
Functions) reviews and proposals for
business re-engineering
• Prepares an entity to
anticipate change
49
APPENDIX 8 – THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN REDUCING CORRUPTION (CASE STUDIES)
Mr. Goodwell Lungu

Executive Director, Transparency International, Zambia
Outline of Presentation
1. Facilitate open reporting of corruption

I paid a bribe
2. Facilitate provision of free advice on anti-corruption
Advocacy and Legal Advice Centres
3. Provide Monitoring and prevention of Procurement Corruption
Public Procurement Monitoring
4. Provide evidence and propose recommendations on financial accountability
Show me the Money
5. Conducting Evidence based research on the extent of corruption
Bribe Payers Index
6. Provision of Citizens tools in monitoring and preventing corruption
Integrity Pacts
Introduction
The key roles of Civil Society’s Role in reducing Corruption is anchored on the basis that
the Civil society as an independent actor representing the interests of the general public is
uniquely positioned to pressurise and bring to light effects of corruption. This is achieved
through various functions as follows:
Creating public awareness about corruption
• Disseminating of information
• Conducting and disseminating country surveys on corruption,
• Awareness on service delivery surveys, and diagnostic assessments
Formulating and promoting action plans and anti-corruption tools to reduce
corruption
• Building coalitions amongst anticorruption champions across sectors and
• Developing action plans
• Formulating Anti-Corruption tools
Influence Legislation on anti-corruption
50
• Research and making submission to parliament to influence new legislation that will
aid corruption control or
• Lobby for new institutional devices to prevent or penalize corruption.
Monitoring governments’ actions and decisions in an effort to reduce corruption
• Procurement reforms and monitoring,
• Public expenditure tracking,
• Election monitoring
• Legal reforms monitoring
Exposing corruption
• Expose levels of corruption
• Uncovering and shedding light on abuses.
• Facilitate citizens opportunities to report corruption
I Paid A Bribe
What is I paid a bribe all about?
• IPaidABribe.com is a citizen
driven mechanism in India for
tracking bribe payment
activity,
• Shares instances of when
people resisted bribe
payments
• or did not have to pay bribes
because of good government
systems
• or good people within the
government systems.
• Citizens' reports on the
nature, number, pattern,
types, locations and frequency of actual corrupt acts and values of bribes
What does it hope to achieve?
• Heighten citizen
awareness about the
nature and spread of
bribe-related
exchanges
• Promote a purposive
public debate that
pressurizes public
officials to eliminate
corruption.
• Help citizens to
recognize, avoid and
tackle bribe-paying
situations.
• Identify and analyse corruption prone public services
51
• To make suggestions on systemic reform directed at entrenching simpler and more
transparent processes
• Promotion of consistent standards of law enforcement and better vigilance and
regulation.
Is it a forum just for the public to speak out/vent or will Janaagraha try & do
something more about it?
• Provides space to people to speak about corruption
• Aim is to use the data to make
detailed recommendations on
how government can eliminate
corruption.
• Makes use of Data to make
recommendations
• Uses people views to pressurize
government to
changeprocedures.
• Works hand in hand with the
government, in order to design
systems, write new regulations and help design similar such reforms.
How do they ensure or check the posts are true or false?
• By not allowing names to be published, they have eliminated any incentive for any
individual to make a false or malicious complaint.
• Since nobody will gain anything by reporting a false complaint on their site because
we do not act on complaints, they expect that the stories on the site are true.
How many users submit bribes reports every day?
• The number varies, but they get a total of about 25 to 50 reports in their 'I paid a
bribe', 'I didn't pay a bribe' and 'I didn't have to pay a bribe' sections every day.
• Apart from these reports, they get about 20 questions
• And comments logged in on the various forums
Advocacy and Legal Advice Centre’s (ALAC)
• Transparency International’s
Advocacy and Legal Advice
Centre’s (ALAC) are
established to give a friendly
and more accessible
platform to citizens to report
corruption.
• The overall objective of the
project is to promote greater
transparency in service
delivery and contribute to
the reduction of
opportunities of corruption
by empowering citizens to take action against corruption.
• Assumption: people become actively involved in the fight against corruption when
they are provided with simple, credible and viable mechanisms to do so.
52
• Citizens seek advice, propose solutions and report corruption as well as customer
service problems encountered in service delivery.
Advocacy and Legal Advice Centre’s (ALAC) Rationale
• Facilitating the work of government complaint mechanisms and services

• Growing awareness
for sustainable reform
and for individuals to
be aware of their
rights, which requires
a strong and dynamic
civil-society, not
merely reliance on
strengthening laws
and institutions
• Help shape
arguments on
controversial topics:
• Monitors progress
complaints referred to
Law Enforcement agencies.
ALAC TOOL KIT
• Toll-Free Hotline: Individuals receive initial advice
• Legal Advice: Individuals are helped articulate, develop, file and pursue their
complaints
• Advocacy: Based on the received complaints
• Capacity Building: Support is

provided to state authorities to
strengthen their capacity to process
complaints
• Countries where ALACs operate in

Africa: Kenya, Rwanda, Zambia,
Ghana, Zimbabwe etc.
What are Integrity Pacts?
• These are agreements where public service providers make commitments promote
integrity in the course of service provision
and other development processes
53
• Although IPs are agreements between signing parties, they have no legal
obligations
• They are merely moral commitments by implementing parties to deliver on the

promises to the service users
• The Pact therefore contains rights and

obligations of the signing parties in the
development and accountability
process.
• Parties further commit that neither will

they pay, offer demand or accept
bribes, collude with suppliers and/or
others; or engage in such abuses while
carrying out their duties.
Importance of Integrity Pacts
IPs introduces a third party monitoring

system which provides for;
• Independent oversight and

accountability
• Local development and

accountability process
monitoring
• Feedback on the development

progress
• Collaboration in identifying and

implementing corrective action
in the development process
Basic Elements of Integrity Pacts
• Government commitment to curb corruption in

public service provision
• Private sector’s commitment to abstain from
bribing
• Government and private sector commitment to
community/third party participation
• Independent monitoring by civil society or other
third party
• Feedback, complaint and monitoring
mechanisms
54
• Provides easy witness protection and Conflict resolutionby mediation
• Civil Society plays a key role in as far as third party monitoring is concerned.
• Coaxing government to accept the Integrity Pact approach
• Community capacity building in engagement processes
Show Me The Money
• This is a study based on actual reports of

Government Auditor Generals reports
• It is also based on financial mismanagement
reported and not reported in the media
• Analyses weak points of financial accountability of
public funds
• Provides trends on how public funds are not
accounted for
• Quantifies how much funds are mismanaged
• In Zambia the first Show Me the Money was
produced in 2007 and provided good evidence of
financial mismanagement and recommended ways in
which such could be prevented. Over 10,000 copies
were produced and sold within 3 months.
• It helps citizens appreciate the importance of safeguarding public funds.
Procurement Watch Monitoring
• Public Procurement Watch Monitoring Coalitions are networks established as a

mass movement of civil society organizations, professional bodies and
associations, the private sector, as well as public sector institutions working to
ensure the emergence of an open, timely and transparent public procurement
system, delivering value for money.
• Most Government Audit Reports demonstrates a lot of public funds are lost through
lack of transparency and accountability.
• Such coalition’s interest to engage in public contract
monitoring and to advocate for fiscal transparency
and accountability to stakeholders through the
publishing of procurement plans and contract
awards.
• The broad objectives of most such Coalitions are:
• To promote accountability, transparency, popular participation and value-for-money
in Public Procurement System.
• To improve the capacity of stakeholders to engage at all levels of public
procurement
55
• To ensure the availability and free flow of procurement information which will
enhance popular participation in the procurement process.
• To promote the conduct of procurement and contract monitoring.
Research Studies – Bribe Payers Index
In engaging government, the Civil Society requireswell-

researched evidence. One such is done through the Bribe
Payers Index.
The main purposes of such research is
• The media To derive empirical anti-corruption data
that will help Civil Society to advocate for
transparency and accountability specifically in
areas that reveals that they are more prone to
corruption.
• To recommend strategies and approaches that can be adopted to reduce
incidences of corruption
Most Bribe Payers Indices are based on 7 Indicators:
• Prevalence: number of people that paid bribe
• Frequency: number of times individual paid bribe
• Severity: implications and consequences of bribe
refusal
• Cost: proportion of bribe to individuals income
• Bribe size – average amount of bribe paid to public
official
• Incidence – number of times official asked for bribe
• Government response to bribe – whether
doing enough to combat bribes
Thank You!
Remember always that the Road to Hell is paved with Good Intentions
Walk the Talk
APPENDIX 9 – CLOSING REMARKS
Mr. Ikwatlhaeng Bagopi

Executive Director, Botswana Public Service College and CAACC Advisory Board
Member
56
“I want to thank all of you for your excellent contributions during this conference. I may
conclude from your enthusiasm, that you had successful deliberations. Let us always
keep in mind that this hard work is for our country, region and our continent.
This conference was opened with a vision and direction to create a platform for the anti-
corruption agencies, civil society, and the private sector to work together in the fight
against corruption. I believe that today’s presentations and discussions will assist us in
realizing that vision, and as it has already been mentioned during the keynote address,
‘this can only be achieved through collaboration that ranges from awareness raising to
policy formation, and ultimately monitoring of issues such as the quality and delivery of
public goods and services to the nation and the implementation of the anti-corruption
strategies at a national level’.
I also believe you were inspired by presentations made by the various speakers on
different topics all with one aim of urging all of us to play a role in combating corruption.
The Centre will be following up the non-government organizations and Anti- Corruption
agencies, in this case the DCEC, to check progress made to establish collaborations, I
urge you to be a part of this initiative with vigour and enthusiasm.
The Centre is committed to both maintaining and fostering strong national and regional
networks which offer a unique focus on action... I believe this conference is also providing
the platform for regional networking which is important to broaden the breadth and depth
of our contacts and to meet other capacity building needs through regional cooperation
and linkage with international partners.
In conclusion I would like to thank the Botswana Council of Non-Governmental
Organizations and the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime for their
overwhelming support in organising this conference. Without their involvement the
conference would not have been successful.
Last but not least, let me congratulate the Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre
for a job well done in ensuring that this conference is a success.
Distinguished guests with these few remarks, I declare this conference officially closed.
Pula!!! Let there be rain”.
57

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CIVIL SOCIETY CORRUPTION PREVENTION

GABORONE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION

KEYNOTE ADDRESS – OVERVIEW

OBJECTIVE OF GROUP SESSIONS

OUTCOME OF GROUP DISCUSSIONS

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

DCEC should capacitate the civil society on corruption issues based on a

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

Key Decisions / Recommendations Required Actions

The CAACC was fully committed to enhancing and strengthening collaborative

The Closing Remarks are appended to the report as Appendix 9.

APPENDIX 1 – CONFERENCE PROGRAMME

TIME ACTIVITY FACILITATOR / PRESENTER

NO NAME SURNAME ORGANISATION DESIGNATION E-MAIL

17. Mophuthulodi Molatudi DCEC Chief Anti- momodise@gov.bw

20. Malebo John Thupeng DCEC Principal Anti mthupeng@gov.bw

40. M.L. Leshomo Cynthia’s Child Coordinator meryleshomo@yahoo.com

42. Nelson Phoga Makgabaneng Executive Director phoga@makgabaneng.co.bw

46. Keene Sonny Foodbank Director Agency foodbank@gmail.com

50. Mokgosi Orapeleng BSD Executive Director bsb@botsnet.bw

52. Ngwatshi Enyatsang JCI Botswana Director Botswana@scl.cc

53. Thabang Phiri JCI Botswana Administrator foundation@jicbotswana.org

59. Gao Radikwata WIBA Treasurer gao@aptkgroup.com

61. Obolokile Kopano BORNUS okopano@yahoo.com

62. Sidney Modo Khama Rhino Deputy Manager krst@khamarhinosanatuary.org.

67. Kutlo E. Englishman Coordinator

68. Wu Ming Higer Bus General Manager wuming@higer.com

69. Salang Rapo Motswedi Coordinator salangrapo@yahoo.com

70. M Ntsimanyana BAPR-Lobatse Board Member ntsmnyn@yahoo.com

71. Tebogo Monametsi YWCA Pact Leader ketemo@gmail.com

72. Kabo Moroka BOCAIP Pact Leader Kabomoroka30@gmail

73. Moagi Keabile KB Productions Photographer gtlesego@gov.bw

74. Oabile Othusitse KB Productions Photographer oabileothusitse@yahoo.com

76. Thusoyaone Sechele BOPA Reporter sthusoyaone@gmail.com

79. One Mokgatle eBotswana Journalist one@ebotswana.co.bw

80. Felix Mwanga Top shelf Senior Editor mwashelf@gmail.com

81. Tswelelo Mogotsi Gabetu Journalist tswelelo@gabutu.co.bw

82. Icks Mpulubusi The Patriot press@gmail.com

83. Katlego Mokgwatlhe eBotswana TV Cooperator kmokgwatlhe@gmail.com

85. Thato Dipao Weekend Post Photographer juniordipao@yahoo.com

90. Action Ben Moloko Higer Look Sharp Director actionmoloko@gmail.com

94. Prisca Mokgadi BOSASNET Acting Director director@bosasnet.com

95. Gilbert Lukhoba Kenya Ethics and Anti- glukhoba@integrity.go.ke

98. Litelu Ramokhoro Lesotho Directorate on Litelu2ramokhoro@yahoo.com

Mrs. Rose N. Seretse,

Dr. Roger Koranteng,

Alternatively, a mechanism to share intelligence on individuals and organisations

Ms. Bagaise Mabilo

Mr. Buyane Zongwani

The Civil Society Participation

How can the collaboration be done?

• Organs of the public/private sector can partner with an appropriate CSO in up

Mr. Augustine Mkandawire,

Understanding trend analysis as a method

• It is a rational analysis approach of performance patterns that provides a far more

• It helps an entity to explore, establish and investigate critical variations in

• Provides a basis for an organization to develop a strategy to respond to these

Why apply trend analysis in anti-corruption work

• Politicization limit prospects effective preventive and reactive strategies to combat

• civil society involvement within a transparent and participatory process

• the power of rigorous data