TCVN TIEU CHUAN VIET NAM TCVN 4398 : 2001 (ISO 377 : 1991) | (Soat xét lan 1) THEP VA SAN PHAM THEP - VI TRI LAY MAU, CHUAN B] PHO! MAU VA THU CO TINH Stee! and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing HA NOI - 2006Léi néi dau ‘TCVN 4398 : 2001 thay thé TCVN 4398 : 1987. TCVN 4398 ; 2001 hoan toan tuong duong véi ISO 377:1997. ‘TCVN 4398 : 2001 do Ban ky thuat tiéu chugn TCVN/TC 164 Thit co ly kim bai bién soan, Téng cuc Tidu chudn Bo luéng Chat lugng d8nghi BO Khoa hoc, Cong nghé va Méi truting ban hanh,TIEU CHUAN VIET NAM TCVN 4398 : 2001 Soat xét lan 1 Thép va san phdm thép - Vi tri ldy mau, chuan bi mau thir co tinh Stee! and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing 4 Pham vi ap dung Tiéu chun nay qui dinh cac yéu céu vé vi tri Idy mau, chudn bi mau va mau thif co tinh cdc san phdm thép hinh, thép thanh, thép tron, thép t4m va thép 6ng theo dinh nghia trong ISO 6929. Néu duge théa thuan trong don dat hang, tiéu chun nay cing dude ap dung cho cac san phém kim loai khdc. Tiéu chudn nay khéng ap dung cho thif khéng pha huy. Cc phdi m&u va mau thir nay ding trong cdc phép thir duge tién hanh theo cdc phugng phap qui dinh trong tiéu chudn san phdm hoac chun vat liéu, trong trudng hgp cdc tiéu chudin 46 khéng 6 thi theo qui dinh trong tiéu chudn thir nghigm nay. Trong truéng hgp cc yéu cu trong dan dt hang hode trong tiéu chudn sn pham khac véi cdc qui dinh trong ‘ti8u chudin nay thi ap dung theo cc yéu cdu cia don dat hang hod theo tiéu chun sin phdim. 2 Tiéu chuan trich dan . ISO 3785 -1) Vat ligu kim logi ~ Ky higu tryc mau thit. Metallic materials ~ Designation of test piece axes. ISO 6929:1987 San phém thép - Dinh nghia va phan loal. Steel products - Definitions and classification. 3. Binh nghia Trong tiéu chun nay sit dung cac dinh nghia theo ISO 6929 va cc dinh nghia sau: 3.1 Lé kiém tra (test unit): $6 Iugng mau thr hod khdi lugng s2n pham cling duge chap nhan hoac loai bd trén oo sd cdc phép thir dugc tién hanh trén san phdm dé ldy mau theo cac yéu cau cia tiéu chudn san phdm hodc don dat hang (xem hinh 1). 3.2. San phdm dé tidy mau (sample product): San phém (vi dy thanh, tm, cugn) lay 48 kiém tra va / hoac thir (xem hinh 4).TCVN 4398 : 2001 ZZ ‘San phdm dé ly mau (3.2) L6 kiém tra (3.1) Phoi mau (3.3) Phoi mau thr (3.4) Mau thir (3.5) Hinh 1 — Vi dy cac thuat ngif dinh nghia trong diéu 3TCVN 4398 : 2001 3.3 Phéi mau (sample): Lugng vat ligu lay ti san phdm dé lay mau dti dé ché tao mot hoae nhiéu mau thit (xem hinh 1). Chu thich — Trong mét 66 trusng hyp, phoi mau c6 thé 1a c& san phdm 4é lay mau, 3.4 Phéi mau thi (rough specimen): Phan cla ph6i mau qua gia cong co dling dé ché tao mau thir (xem hinh 1). 3.5 Mau thir (test piece): Phan cla phdi mau hoac phéi mau thit c6 kich thuéc theo qui dinh dugc hod khong duge gia cong co, dat cae diéu kign theo qui din cda phép thit (xem hinh 1).. Cha thich — Trong mét s6 truéng hgp, mau thi c6 thé [a phdi mau hoac phdi mau thi. 3.6 Diéu kién chudn (reference condition): Biéu kign cia phdi mau, phoi mau tht hoge mau thir qua nhiét luyén dai dign cho diéu kién gia cng oudi olla sin phdm. Chi thich — Trong truding hgp nay, phdi mu, phoi mu thi hoge mau this duge goi fa phdi mau chun, pho! mu thi’ chudn hoe m&u thit chudn. 4 cau chung 4.4 Thit dai dién Phoi mau, phdi mu thir va mdu thit duge !@y theo qui dinh ca phy Iyo A duigc coi la dai dign cho san phdm, Chi thich — Do két qua ca qui trinh ché tao nhu la cén, dc, gia céng néng hoae nguéi, nhiét luyén... sn phém thép kh6ng déng nhat. Co tinh cia mBu Idy ti vi tri khée nhau cé thé khac nhau., 4.2. Nhan nhén biét san phdm mau, phéi mau, phdi miu thi va mau thi, ‘Sn phém mau, phoi mau, phéi mau thir va mu thir phai duge ghi nhain 48 dm bao c6 thé tim ra san phém g6c va v{ try m&u, huéng Idy mau trén san phém. Dé dat duge diéu d6, trong qua trinh chun bj phdi mu, phdi mu thir va / hoe mau tht, khéng duge phép bé nhén, vige di chuyén nhan phai duge thyc hign truéc khi nh&n dang c6 bj loai bé hoac trong trudng hgp thiét bj chudn bj mau la ty Ong, phai duge thyc hign tru6c khi [Sy m&u thir ra khdi thit bi. Trong trudng hop kiém tra va thir dac bigt hoc khi khdch hang yéu cu viée di chuy&n nhan phai duge thyc hign v6i sy 6 mat cia dai dign khach hang. Viée ghi nhan phdi m&u, phi mu thir va mu thir la khéng cén thiét, trong trudng hop hé théng day chuyén chuén bi va thir nghigm [a hoan toan ty dong 06 hé théng kiém tra thich hgp.TCVN 4398 : 2001 5 Chuan bj phéi mau va lay mau thir 5. Lay mau, kich thuéc cia phdi mau va vj tri lay mau thir Phai ldy phdi mu d&m bao duge vi tri cla mau thir phi hgp theo qui dinh ca phy ye A. Phoi mau phai cé kich thuée di 48 ché tao mau thit theo yéu cdu dé tién_hanh céc phép this va thir lai khi can. 5.2 Huéng cia tryc mau thir Quan hé giita huéng ca truc mau thir v6i huéng ca gia céng phi dude qui dinh trong cde tiéu chudn sn phdm hoac dan dat hang. Tén goi cla trye mau thir phai theo qui dinh cita ISO 3785. 5.3 Biéu kign thd va cach lay phoi mau 5.3.4 c4u chung Tiéu chuan vat ligu hoa san phém phai qui dinh rng phép thir dé xac dinh tinh chat, a) 3 diéu kién cung c&p (xem 5.3.2) hoa la b) 8 digu kign chuan (xem 5.3.3). 5.3.2 Thitnhud diéu kign cung cap Mau ding dé thir nhu 6 diéu kién cung c&p phai duge lay tif san phdm, a) sau khi tao hinh va hoan thanh nhiét luyén hoac b)_ truéc khi nhiét luyén, trong truéng hgp nay mau phai durge nhiét luyén trong diéu kién giéng nhu nhigt luyén san pha, Vige ly phéi mau phai khéng duge lam thay déi tinh chat oa phén phdi mau ding dé ché tao mau thit, Khi chudn bj mau thir néu phai lam phang va u6n thang thi phai thyc hién bang gia ong ngudi, tri kt 6 qui dinh khac trong tiéu chun san phaém. 5.3.3 Third diéu kign tigu chuadn 5.3.3.1 Phoi mau Phdi mau ding dé thi trong diéu kién tiéu chudin phai duge ly ti sin ph4m tai giai doan ché tao duge qui dinh trong tiéu chun san phdm hoac dan dat hang. Vige iy phoi mau phai khéng duge lam thay déi tinh chét ca phén phéi mAu ding dé ché tao mau thir sau khi nhiét luyén.TCVN 4398 : 2001 Choi thich — khi cén thiét phai lam phing va u6n thing, phai thyc hién bang gia céng néng hoac ngudi truse ki nhiét luyén. Néu thyc hién bang gia cong néng, phai thyc hién & nhigt 46 thap han nihigt 46 nigt luyén Ken 5.3.3.2 Phoi mau thir Phdi mau thi ding dé thir 6 diéu kién chun phai dude ldy nhu sau: a) Gia cng co truéc khi nhiét luyén: hi phdi m&u duge ché tao nhd han diing cho nhiét luyén, tiéu chudn san phdm phai qui dinh kich thuéc ma phol mu thit phai glam xuéng va phai qui dinh qua trinh gia cong nhu la rén, cn, gia cong co. b) Nhiét luyén: Nhiét luyén phdi mu thi phai duge thyc hign trong mdi truéng dim bao chic chan c6 nhiét do déng déu va nhiét dO nay duge do bang cac thiét bj da duge higu chudn. Nhiét luyén phai dam bdo theo cac yéu céu qui dinh cia tiéu chun san phdm hoac cila don dat hang. 6 Chuan bj mau thir 6.1 Ct mau va gia cong mau Viée ct va gia céng phéi mau va phéi mau thir dé chudn bi mau thir phai duge tién hanh véi sy can than cn thiét dé tranh lam bign cing bé mat lam viée hoe nung néng vat ligu lam thay déi ca tinh. Sau khi gia céng co, phai logi bé tat c& cdc dau vét cila dung cy cé thé lam anh huting dén két qua thir bang mai (dugc lam ngugi t6t) ho&e bang danh béng, seo cho vn dam bao kich thuée va hinh dang cla mau thi nam trong dung sai dugc qui dinh trong tiéu chudin thir thich hgp. Dung sai kich thuée cla mu thir duge qui dinh trong cdc phucng phap tht: thich hgp. 6.2. Nhiét luyén chudn Néu phai nhiét luyén m&u thi thi céc yéu cu vé nhiét luyén cling giéng nhu d6i v6i phéi mau this [(xem 5.3.3.2.b)] BACH KHOA LAS-XD 262 DUGC KIEM SOATTCYN 4398 : 2001 Phy luc A (qui dinh) Vj tri ly phdi mau va mau thir A.1 Qui dinh chung Phu luc nay 4p dung d6i v6i vi tri cla mau thir clia céc dang san phdm sau day: dinh hinh; thanh va thanh tron; san phém tar san phém éng. Vi tri dy mu thir 46 thir kéo va thit d6 dai va dap theo qui din cia hinh A.1 dén A.15. Béi v6i thit udn vj tri ngang céing giéng nhu mau thit kéo. Khi c6 yéu cdu nhiéu mu thit, 6 thé léy lin ké nhau tai vj tri duge qui dinh. A.2 Thép hinh A.2.1 Vi tri lay mau thi é mét ct ngang cia thép hinh Vi tr dy m&u thir theo qui inh trén hinh A.1. Chai thich , 1) Gi v6i thép hinh cé than vat; néu c6 sy Géng y khi dat hang 06 thé ly phdi mau 8 phén than cila thép hinh [xem hinh A.1.b) va d)] hoc gia céng phoi mau lay tt phén chan vat. 2). DSi vai thép géc cin khong déu, 06 thé lay m&u & bat ky chan nao. A.2.2. Vj tri lay mau thir trén chiéu day cua thép hinh A224 Mau thifkéo Vi tri Sy mAu thir k6o theo qui dinh trén hinh A.2. Phai str dung mau thi! toan bd chiéu day [(xem hinh ‘A.2.2)] khi may gia cOng co va thiét bi thir cho phép. A2.2.2 Mau thit do dai va dap Vi tri ldy mau thit d6 dai va dap theo qui dinh trén hinh A.3. A.3. Thép tron va thép thanh AS.i Mau thi kéo 10TCVN 4398 : 2001 Vj tri Idy mAu thit kéo phai duge chon theo qui dinh cia hinh A.4. Phi sit dung mu thi toan b6 tiét dign [xem hinh A.4.a)] khi diéu kign gia céng co va thiét bi thir cho phép. A.3.2 Mau thir dé dai va dap Vi tri lay m&u thir d6 dai va dap theo qui dinh trén hinh A.5. AA Thép hinh sau canh A441 Miu thir k6o Vi tri ldy m&u thit kéo theo qui dinh trén hinh A.6. Phai sir dung mau thit toan bé tiét dién [xem hinh A.6.a)] khi diéu kién gia céng co va thiét bj thir cho phép. AA.2 Mau thir do dai va dap Vi tri ly mau thi 46 dai va dap theo qui dinh trén hinh A.7. AS Thép hinh chirnhat A5.1 Mau thir kéo Vi tri ify m&u thir kéo theo qui dinh trén hinh A.8. Phai sit dung mau thir toan bé tit dién ho&c mau thir thép hinh chir nhat xem hinh A.8.a) , b) va c)) khi diéu kién gia cong cd va thiét bi thir cho phép. A5.2 Mau thit do dai va dap Vi tri lay m&u thit 46 dai va dap theo qui dinh trén hinh A.9, A6 Thép tém A6.1 Mau thir kéo Vi tr l&y mau thit kéo theo qui dinh trén hinh A.10. Phai sir dung mau thi toan bo tiét dign khi diéu kin gia cong cd va thiét bj thir cho phép. Khi c6 qui dinh phai c6é mau thit kéo ngang va chiéu rong cla san pham tam khéng dii dé lay mau thir 5 ide > phil én © 6 vj tei “> thi tam da mau thit phai cang gan “> cang tt. A6.2 Mau thir d@ dai va dap \Vj tri ly mu thi’ 49 dai va dap theo qui dinh cda hinh A.11. D6i véi san phdm c6 chiéu day khong nhd, hon 40 mm, vj tri ly mu [hinh A.11.a), b) hodic ¢)] phai duge qui dinh trong tiéu chudn san phém hoc trong don dat hang.TCVN 4398 : 2001 AT San pham dang 6ng A7.1 Ong va thép hinh [6 tran ATAA Mu thirkéo Vi tri Idy mau this kéo theo qui dinh trén hinh A.12. Phai sit dung mau thir toan b6 tiét dién [hinh A.12.2)] khi gia cong co va thiét bj thir cho phép. ‘Déi véi Sng han khi st dung mau thit dang bang dé thir méi han, mi han phai 6 gidta mau thi. Chai thich 41)_Ding toan bé tiét dign Jam mu thi nhur eh dn trén hinh A.12.2) oOng dug &p vung cho 6ng a6 tht — thir ndn ph’ng: ~ third rong miéng, ~ thir aap mép; ~ thir mé rong vng, — thir kéo vong;— — thir uGi toan b9 tit die. 2). Sit dung miu this tran hinh A.12b) 4 thir uen di. ‘N6u khdng 06 qui dinh trong tiéu chun sn phém ho&e trong don dat hang, vi tri lay mau thse hubng din ola roual sn xuat A712 Mau thitd9 dai va dap Vi tri ly m&u thir 6 dai va dp theo qui dinh trén hinh A.13. Vi tri nay ap dung cho c& Gng thép khong han va 6ng thép han. Néu khéng cé qui dinh trong tiéu chuan san phdm hodc trong don dat hang, vi tri ly mAu theo huéng dan cia ngudi san xuat. Huéng ca mau thir duge xée dinh theo kich thutéc ctia ng. Khi cé qui dinh mau thir nam é vi tri ngang, hai ché tgo kich thuGc rong nhat t6i mic o6 thé gidta 10 mm va § mm. ‘Dusng kinh 6ng (danh nghia) nhé nh&t Drug dé c6 duge mau thir nhu vay dugc xac dinh bang céng thie: 756,25 T-S Dain = (T-5)+ trong 46 T 1a chiéu day thanh éng. Khi kich thuéc nhd nhat cho phép cla m&u thit ngang khéng dat duce, phai ding mu thi doc c6 kich ‘thuéc r6ng lén nat t6i mite 66 thé gilfa 10 mm va 5 mm. 12TCVN 4398 : 2001 A.7.2. Thép hinh 6 chir nhat A721 Mau thir kéo Vi tri ly mu tht k6o theo qui dinh trén hinh A.14, Phai sit dung mu thir toan bé tiét dign (xem hinh ‘A.14a) khi diéu kign gia cOng o¢ va thiét b’ thir cho phép. A7.2.2 Mau thir d6 dai va dap Vj tri ldy mu thé d9 dai va dap theo qui dinh trén hinh A.15. 134208 : 2007 Xem chi thich 1 cia A.2.1 2 2 SS 2a iva) ls 23_| va} Hinh At ~ Thép hinh - trl lay mau thir kéo va thir dO dai va dap trén chiéu réng ciia chan (xem A.2.1). 14TCVN 4398 : 2001 Kich thudc tinh bing milimét a) Mau thir toan bd chiéu day khi t < 50 mm. b) Mau thir tran khi t < 50 mm Than Chan ©) Mau thir tron khi t > 50 mm | Hinh A.2 — Thép hinh - Vi tri ly mau thir kéo trén chiéu day cia chan (xem A.2.2.1) | Kich thu6c tinh béing milimet‘TCVN 4398 : 2004 Kich thuéc tinh bing milimet . b) Méu thi'tron khi d < 25 mm. Les) Lev c) Mau thir tron khi d > 25 mm d) Mau thif tron khi d > 50 mm_ Hinh A.4 ~ Thép trén va thép thanh - Vj tri ly mau thir kéo (xem A.3.1) Kich thuc tinh bing milimét ¢) Khid> 25mm d) Khid> 50mm Hinh A.5 ~ Thép tron va thép thanh - Vi ri lly mau thi d6 dai va dap (xem A.3.2) 46TCVN 4398 : 2001 Kich thu6c tinh baing mitimét a) Mau thir toan bé tiét dign (uu tién, xem A.4.1) b) Mau thittrdn khi s < 25 mm BROW KHOA LAS-X0 258 pudc KIEM soAT c) Mau thir tron khi s > 25 mm d) Mu thir tron khi s > 50 mm. Hinh A.6 ~ Thép thanh sau canh - Vi tri ldy mau thir kéo (xem A.4.1)TCVN 4398 : 2901 Kich thuéc tinh bang mitimet a) Khis < 25mm Khi 25 mm 25mm Khi s > 50 mm Hinh A.7 ~ Thép thanh sau canh - Vi tri lay mau dé thir dé dai va dap (xem A.4.2)TCVN 4398 : 2001 Kich thu6c tinh bang milimét Kich thuéc tinh béing milimét A, a) Mau thi toan bd tiét dién (khi c6 thé, xem A.5.1) b)Mdu thir hinh chi nhat khi w < 50 mm ©) Mau thir hinh chi nhat khi w > 50 mm. rs | & Lt Las 4) Mu thir on khi w <'50 mm va t < 50 mm SJ 44 fe) MAu thirtron khi w > 50 vat < 50 mm. ©) Khiw> 50mm va t> 50 f) Mav thirtron khi w > 50 mm va t> §0 mm Hinh A.9 - Thép thanh hinh chi nhat - Hinh A.8 ~ Thép thanh hinh cha nhat - Vi tri lay mau thir dé dai va dap Vi tri lay mau thi kéo (xem A.5.1) (xem A.5.2) 19TCVN 4398 : 2001 Kich thuée tinh b&ng milimét a) Mau thi toan bd mat ct (uu tién, xem A.5.1) Kich,thuéc tinh bang milimet ws Bé matcan _ b) Khi t 2 30 mm 4) M&u this tron khit 2 50 mm ©) Knits 40 mm Hinh A.10 - San pham tam - Vj tri Hin A.11 ~ San phim tam - Vi tri tay mau lay mau thir kéo (xem A.6.1) thir d6 dai va dap (xem A.6.2) 20TCVN 4398 : 2001 Lin k8t han ota dng han_ @ cach xa mau thir b) Mu thir hinh dha nhat i Lién két han ofa Sng han ~ S cach xa mau thi ©) Mu thir tron L = Mau thirdoc T = Mu thir ngang Hinh A.12 ~ San pha 6ng - Vi tri laiy mau thir kéo Sng va thép hinh 16 tron (xem A.7.1.1) Kich thuéc tinh b&ng milimét —Lién két han cla ng han é cach xa mau this a) Miu thir dé dai va dap b) Mu thir 66 dai va dap khi t > 40mm L= Mau thitdoc T = Mu thit ngang Hinh A.13 — San pham 6ng - Vi tri lay mau thir dé dai va dap dng va thép hinh 16 tron (xem A.7.1.2)TCVN 4398 : 2001 Lién két han cila 6ng han } @ cach xa mu this a) Miu thir toan bé tiét dién b) Mau tht hinh chi nhat L = Mau th?’ doc T = Mau thingang Hinh A.14 ~ San pham 6ng - Vi tri lay mau thir kéo thép rong long (xem A.7.2.1) Kich thuéc tinh bang milimét Lian két han cia 6ng han @ cach xa mu thir L = Mau thi doc T = Méu thirngang Hinh A.15 — San pham 6ng - Vi tri lay mau thir dé dai va dap thép rong léng (xem A.7.2.2)Trung tam Tiéu chun Chat lugng chiu tréch nhigm xuat Cee OC UR Cc (TCVN). Khéng duge in, sao chup TCVN néu chua duge Perr ares PDair ne eee Seite tant SOC ear he ae cae COR een 440004 en ce md eee te ett eta ee ‘or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without Pe ah eae eto) Address: Vietnam Standards Centre (VSC) 8Hoang Quoc Viet str, Cau Giay dist, Ha Noi, ROR omen rr race ae ee Ry