UNIT I

DYNAMICS OF A PARTICLE IN
CONSERVATIVE FIELDS
Prerpared By
Prerna Garg
Faculty
DEI AGRA
LECTURE 1(CONTENT)
 work done by a force acting on a
particle (line integral)

 work-energy principle
 DEFINITION OF WORK
 When a force acting on a particle displace it, it is
said to be do work on the particle.
 The work done by the force is defined as the
scalar product of the force and the displacement.
 W = Fx
 THE UNITS OF WORK
 Work is a SCALAR unit

 The unit of work is JOULES

(note this is the unit of energy)

 Note that more work is done when …

a greater force is used

the force acts over a greater distance

WHAT IS NOT WORK?
 Note that work is not done …
 … by holding an object in the same position

 … when a ball is kicked, (since the force is

 instantaneous)
 Work can only be done while the force continues
 to act on the object over this distance.
WORK DONE BY A FORCE ACTING ON A
PARTICLE (LINE INTEGRAL)
WORK DONE BY A FORCE ACTING ON A
PARTICLE (LINE INTEGRAL)
CONT…
CONT…
LINE INTEGRAL OF WORK DONE
POSITIVE WORK & NEGATIVE WORK
 If the component of the force is in the SAME
direction as the displacement, the work is
POSITIVE

 Then when a force acts in the OPPOSITE

 direction of it’s motion, the work done is

 NEGATIVE
EXAMPLE

When the weight is

When the weight is
RAISED…
LOWERED …
The man’s UPWARD
The man’s UPWARD
force ..
force..
does POSITIVE work,
does NEGATIVE work
Gravity’s DOWNWARD
Gravity’s
force .. DOWNWARD
does NEGATIVE work force..
does POSITIVE work
EXAMPLE WHEN WORK IS ZERO
WORK ENERGY THEOREM
WORK ENERGY THEOREM