REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE/SYSTEMS

Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literatures

An article entitled “Face recognition is a biometric recognition technology” by Tao. L, Yang. B,

Yanan. G., year 2021, that uses pattern matching to recognize individual identities based on
facial feature data. Compared to traditional non-biological recognition and physiological feature
recognition technology, face recognition technology has specific technical advantage. Face
recognition technology has dramatically improved the intelligence level of business systems in
these fields. The human face is rich in features. In the society of acquaintances in the past, the
face was the foundation for us to involve emotional communication and social relations with
others.

An article entitled[title], by The Electrochemical Society, year 2019, Face recognition

technology has been widely applied ranging from small companies to large companies. It has
emerged as an attractive solution to address many contemporary needs for identification and
verification of identity claims. It brings together the promise of other biometric systems, which
attempt to tie identity to individually distinctive features of the body, and the more familiar
functionality of visual surveillance systems.

An article entitled “Implementation of FRT” by Meckel, Miriam, dated August 2021, is ongoing
on an international scale and it is conceivable that public opinion could shift as FRT software
gets more widely adopted. As this study shows, citizens generally trust their government more in
the management and provision of the technology than private companies, although more than
half of all citizens are also very accepting of public–private partnerships. Given the large cross-
country differences in state use of the technology as well as variations in citizens’ acceptance
levels, our results raise questions about the feasibility of finding a global regulatory response.
Local Literatures

An article entitled[title], by Cruz, Francisco, year 2020, The consensus in the industry predicts
facial recognition overtaking fingerprint scanning due to its innate touchless, therefore hygienic
characteristic. Even before the COVID-19 Pandemic, there has been a surge in organizations
opting for facial recognition rather than fingerprint scanners. Mobile companies, most notably,
have been replacing their phones' access control components from fingerprint scanners to facial
recognition.

An article entitled[title], Solomon, Katrina, year 2019, “Face-recognition implemented in other

systems like biometrics and surveillance can be an efficient way to also identify the emotions of
the person. Other modalities such as voice and gestures may be taken into consideration in order
to improve the classification performance. It is considered as an essential factor in emotion
recognition systems. To make this method more effective, particularly in differentiating positive
from negative emotions, a different approach must be applied.”

Related Studies and/or Systems

Foreign Studies

A study entitled[title], by Barnouti, N., Matti, M. and Sinan, S., year 2019. Proposed a Face-
recognition system for smart cards and information security. Global facial information is
fundamentally represented by a small number of features that are directly derived from the
pixel information of face images, these small number of features distinctly capture the
variance among different individual faces and are used to identify unique individuals. In
appearance-based method, the whole face region is considered as an input for face detection
system to perform face recognition. Appearance-based methods can be classified into linear
and non-linear subspaces. Distance is important for recognition process; the Distance
Measurement methods are discussed. Several face recognition databases are available and can
be used to test the system performance.
A study entitled[title], by MOGHEKAR, R. and AHUJA, S., dated June 2019. Conducted a
study about the use of deep learning in face recognition to achieve accuracy at par with humans
in image classification tasks. They also discussed the challenges with Deep learning and the
strategies adopted to overcome them. . As deep learning has results on par with human in image
classification tasks, we have presented researchers contribution towards face recognition using
deep learning. There are many challenges in deep learning like dataset size, computational power
and hyperparameters which affect the performance.

A study entitled[title], by Smitha, P. S. and Hegde, A. year 2019, built a face-recognition based
attendance management system and proposed a model of an automated attendance system. The
system keeps the authentic record of every registered student. The system also keep the data
of every student registered for a particular course in the attendance log and provides
necessary information according to the need. The proposed system will be able to mark the
attendance via face Id. It will detect faces via webcam and then recognize the faces. After
recognition, it will mark the attendance of the recognized student and update the attendance
record.

Synthesis

The following foreign and local literatures encapsulate the idea of how Face-recognition systems
play a vital role in almost every industry. It can be utilized in security, authentication,
identification, and an automated system. It is recommended strongly because of its contactless
and non-invasive features. Furthermore, face recognition system can also be used for attendance
marking in schools, colleges, offices, etc.

The related studies tackle the implementation of face recognition system and also the issues
faced in implementing the system. There can be proxy attendance system and creating models
for the image-recognition can be cumbersome. The type of models like Convoluted Network,
Deep Learning, and Machine learning can be arduous especially when dealing with the datasets.
Nevertheless, the reviewed literatures and studies explicitly states that traditional method of
taking attendance is a tedious task and the biometrics must be contactless to keep up with the
current situations. An effective face recognition system can be integrated with miscellaneous
systems such as payroll for employees.