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ABC analysis is used to determine the frequency and quantities of orders for inventory items.

ABC analysis classifies inventory items by their annual consumption value, which is the amount
spent by the company on an item each year.

Independent demand is the demand for an inventory item that does not depend on the demand
for another inventory item. A retailer’s demand for finished goods is an example of independent
demand.
Dependent demand is the demand for an inventory item that does depend on the demand for
another inventory item. For example, the demand for the components of a finished good
depends on the retailer’s demand for the finished good itself.

The ”Periodic review” and ”Fixed order quantity” methods are used to manage the inventory of
independent demand items.

”Material requirements planning (MRP)” and ” Just-in-time (JIT)” methods are used to manage
the inventory of dependent demand items.
MRP uses a demand forecast for the finished product to order its components, whereas JIT uses
actual production of the finished product to order components.

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