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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    10 views8 pages

    MIPT-Lebedev Cosmology Tasks

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Singh

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 8
    Baan x Kypey "Sutemenrb1 Kocmo:tornu". Bast over YCIOBHO CooTBETETBYIOT CH1OrK- nocrn. Basu 9a 1.2 - 1.8, 3.1 Opuerruponono: 4. 3.4 nocae 1.3 yuenirres 0 3 Gasuz08. Ho navaa Mapta, cxopee ncero, jlellcraytor Gasitbt ga sata 5.10 - 5.14. 3.3,3.5 "crops" » nepayio ovepea. .5, 4.11 getierayior 20 aexuun 3 wn 4 1 Bsegenne. Vepapxuueckasn crpyKrypa, Xa660BcKoe pacuin- penne. Kuaccnseckan (Hpioronopckad) Mogeitb paculmpsi0- metica Beesennoli. 1.1 Ckonaenme Jens Haxoaurrea va paccrosmm 20 Mpe or Hac, ero pasmep nopaka 5 Mpe, » next oxom0 200 rasaxruk (We currrast Kapauxonsix). [LiorHocts raciakTnK » 1eHtpe 500Mpe~®, Onerrr» (euay) ocpementiocrs nonepxnocrit 8 ueNTpe cKorutenHa Henbt. (3 Gansta) 1.2 Onenmrn rpamnges npuncermmocrit XaGGnoweKoll cbopaystbs (Ha Gosrbumrx m Mastbtx Pac- crosmmsx) (1 Gast) 4 Pacumpmonutes oxnopoqun map: Penn» ypasnenat xpuoxent Zu eayast E> 0. (Kasecrsenuyio kaprinxy petenit mbt yee wapuiconaz.) (2 Gaara) 14 Kak uMeHno H3MepHTh paccToaHHe 10 paccesNHOrO 3Be31HONO CKOIIEHHA Tuan? Tlycrs y anyx (xparur su 9roro?) ae3x, 1anecrHist Ay'eRAS Ht yrs1OKAA HHortepestasl CKOPOCTH (4ianeerio yrtonoe pacctommme mexkty nut). necro, #70 onn xbipKyTeA TapasitesbHO APY? APYTY € osMHAKOBO! cKOpocTHIo. Hair paccrommme jo Hux. (3 Gaza) 2 Vsomerpum. Kocmostornueckiit npuniit. 2.1 Hafirn cxanapanie dbynmum, ops peoGpasonartst a)ron, d 6) aay, y 2) a = kr! apnairrHBie OTHOCHTENTHHO x, d=2 , d=3 (3 Gana) (o6cyxxaaem " 1 Hapuconars rparbis sapien Mocrit macurraGuoro ¢baktopa or npestenn. (3 Gastta) A.7 Wcesregosarr sxosiouio miocKoll Beenenmofi ¢ ypapiennem cocromma p = p?. Hapu- conarh rparpitk gannicnsocrn Macurra6noro ¢baxropa or Bpemen. (3 Gasza) 4.8 Mecneqonars svomorinio nocKoit ncexenHolt c ypanuennent cocronuua p = y/p. Hapu- conar rpacbuk SaBucuMocTu Macurra6woro ¢bakropa oT BpeMeHtt, Caeayioume 3agatt ncnompsyror nonsTne 2; = pi/pe, — OTHOMIeHMe TOTHOCTH i-off cbpaxunt (1anpumep, Marepmmt) K KpirtMeckoll naorHocrH pe = ZZ, Bean untexe y Q or- cyrersyer, Hoapasysenaetes CyMMapHast OTHOcHTembHAR NoTHOCTD BEX paxiuit. Lacro Homesyiorest anarpanatolt "coctomitis BeeseHof" , 1a KOTOpO!L MO ocHE AGCIICE OTKLIAABI- BaeTea 2, a 10 ocH opauHaT - Ny. 49 Kax sapien 9(¢) » naocKoit Mavepais1i0-yommuponasnott (p = 0) Beenennoft? (1 Gann) 4.10 Hapuconars Kaprumxy, ax sannear Q(t), Q(t), Qa(t) Bn sagan 4.3. (1 Gaz) jockoit Beenennoii is 4.11 Haiirn reomerpwyeckoe MecTO BCeX NJIOCKHX BCeNeHHLIX Ha Auarpamme % — Qq- Hapucosar» tpaexropitio nocKofl neeseroit 11a sroit sarpanive. (1 60:11) 4.12 Hapucosats rpaexropiio sastknytoit ncesteniolt a guarpanate Qq, — Ma. (5 Gasnt0») 4.13, Haftrn rparmuy o6nact Me My — OQ. (3 Gara) yenopennoro H aamesgisiomerocst pacumpennst Ha AuArpaN- 4.14 Hatirn na anarpamme 2, —Q, o6acrD BcerenMBIx, KOTOpHIe B AaIbHefimeM peKO.- aianenpytor (te. nlepecrany’r pacumpsrtest Hay exuMaTCs). (5 Gaston) 4.15 Kak on (3 anna) Aas H3OXPOII, Ne. NTH oxuMAKOROTO Bospacra, Ha JHArpARALe ya? 4.16 Hapuconars na znarpanme O, — 2 Tpaekropunt BeesrennEtx, (3 Gara) 4.17 Bo exoupxo pas rertepenmtit nospacr Beenenuoil » naiockott ACD M-wosem ¢ A 0.7 Gorm, vem ee woapact B MLAOCKOIL Moses Ge3 TeMHO; sHeprim? (3 Gavia) 5 Pacnpocrpanenue cBeta B pasHbIx MOjesIAX, 5.1 Kona sot eiieppbie yniziest Got keasap, Koropsifl cefitiac BIUIM Tpit 2 on cperist pcera? (B MaTepiatbHo zoMH 0, es mponanioit naocko!t ncexenuoll) (3 Gavtta) 5.2 Mbt naGmoqaem omny u Ty 2Ke raqaKTHKy jlosIroe Bpentst. Kax usMenseres ee Kpac- oe cmemtenne z co npemerem? Hapuconare rpadux. (Bo neerentott ze Cirrrepa; m10cKolt MaTepHacibHo AOMINMNPOBAKLHOM; pazuaLuoNno AoNpoBALHO!.) (3 Gaza) 5.3 Mimeeven na6op rastakTHk ojliHakoBoro pasMepa ta pastibix paccronuusx (2) oF Hac Kak sanner or 2 yruopoft anamerp rasiaxTukn 8 Merpuxe ste Currepa? # i10ckolt mare~ jolt? (3 Gansta) Hoi BCesTeH 7 54 Vwetores 2 raaaxrikin ¢ ofuHaxonbin Kpacubin eaeutetitest 2 0 pasiiiie cropoust oF WN rac. Buzarr sim ont xpyr pyra? Kea a, To ¢ Kaku Kpacuint ememenuten? Paccmorpers ayant nockolt MaTepuactbtio zosummponannoit 1 xe CurreponeKoik Beestennoit. (3 Gavia) g 5.5 Us nymxra A.» nynxr B, sium npn xpactost eweenit 2, 8 sostewr fo ormpasnaica choron. Yepes cxombko npemeni on AocrurHer ne? (a) p ru10¢Ko MD weexennott, (6) 90) peenermott e Currepa (3 Gaszia) 5.6 B samknyToii MarepnasbHo AOMMHMpoRAHHOM Beenennoft nsny4aerca cboron. Moxer > 1nt oH o6sereT» "BOKPyI"H RepHyThes B TY xe TOUKy? Eos a, TO Hepea KaKoe npewa? He = MIPOTHBOpewT AM BOSHMKAIOMee TAaKHM O6pa3zom camogeficrane MpHHIyMy mprMAHOCTH?: (6 6aaxo8) .7 To ®e - » RD scenennoit 1 neexentott, sanoznennott naxyymom. (2 6a.ta) 5.8 Tloxcyerit ucrowukon, Tycrs ace ratakTHKH OANHAKORBI, HeHIMeHHSI RO RpeMeH H oxnopoauo pacupesesienst » npocrpancrne. Hafirn ux pacnpexestente no Kpacnomy ewe emo n(z)(Hapuconars KayecrBenmilt rpacitk): a) B erauuoHapHolt ceneHHol, 6) wo neenentioll ¢ Ro t, 8) no ncexenmioit xe Currrepa, r) » Marepnambuo xoMmmponarmtol. (5 Ganon) 5.9 Tlycrs stat axtnext no Beenenmoit 13 sagan 4.3, 1 nyCTe nce raTAKTHKI B Hell BeSTITBE (co spemenn Borsuioro wapsina) 1 Heirasemmnl, a pacpeslenenne Hx 110 npoerparteray ox noposno, Hapueyfire Kayecrnerno, Kak BAITsLANT pacmpertesterne HaAGmoNAeNMX rasIAK TINK no Kpacnpn cmenennsim. Harmuute acummroruxu mpi 2 > 0, z > 00. (2 6anna) 5.10 Tycrs ceftuac 2 = 0.5. Onemmre, vemy ona Gtiza pasa » sTioxy pexomGmrarant (2 ~ 1500)? » sttoxy nyksteocunresa (z ~ 10!)? (1 Gaz) Topusotrr sacra - rpanita reomerpiieckoro Mecra To4eK, AOCTYMHEIX HamreMy 1a6sHo- eHin0 B JAHEBAT MOMeHT BpeMenn. Te., ect B HOGOrl 13 9THX TOHeK ¢ MoMeHTa Bombu1oro BSpbina HaXOAHTCH HETOUIMK CBeTa, TO *oTOND OT Hero B ZattHOe BpEM MoMANAIOT K HAM. 5.11 Bupaswrs Koopamary ropwaonta r,(t) wepes MacurraGusat cpaxrop R(t). (1 Gann) 5.12 TIpu xaxom ypanienim cocroaus ropysonr wactunt Henogeinxen? (1 Gast) 5.13 Cymecrayer su (xonewnsitt) ropiaour 4acrHl, B MaTepuasbHO-AOMUNEpoBAHHON Bee enHofl; ® pasManHOHNNO-JoMUHMPOBANHO! BCeNEHHOM; BO DCE: eestentoft?(1 Gast) tennoit ae Currepa; 8 nameit 5.14 Cymlecrayior sit TOKE, KOTOPKIX MBI HUKOFsa He yBILIIM? 8 TLIOCKOT MaTepHAISHO- AJOMMIHPOBAHO! HCeTERHOM; B PasHAIHOHHO-jloMMAMPORARKO! HCesEHHOMK; BO BCesIENHOM ne Currrepa; & Hamelt acesienol!?(1 Gav. 6 Temneparypuas ucropua Becenennoit. PesomOunanua 1 pesK- ‘roBoe USJIy4eHHe 6.1 CroGonusstl passer. To pexonOmmaruan cboront Gait 8 ren:tonoM papHonecttt © nemecTHoM, HMesIH TLIANKOBCKOE pactpenereNHe Ho HacroraM. Tocxe pexonGustant ‘TelLIOBOe paBHORECHe COTOHOR H BeUIeCTBA HapynMLIOce, MC Tex HOP coroHL ABIDKYTCH cpoGoano, mt ¢ HeM ne BsaNMoxelicrBy. Kak HaMersuiace Hocsle peKoMOHHAIuN (PyHKIUS pacnpexesrenus doronon? (3 Gaza) 6.2 Hmeerest pactmpsomutiiest ras, cocrosmi 13 (pororion, mporonion H ss1eKrponos. Tpit KAKHX YOTOBNAX cHCTEMA HaXOTUHTEH B TepMomHHaMHecKOM paBHoBecuH? (1 Gas) 6.3 Surponns ropaeli Beenensoit - 910 orHoutenne Konnenrpanunt (poroHOB B Heft K KOH ueHpausnt Gaponios (nporoHos, sstexrponion H r.2.). Oueuure sxrrponmo Hauiel Beesten- ott, (3 Gana) 6.4 Pacemorpuat azmaGarneckoe pacuiupexue cpeabi, cocrosmelt Hs dorouon ¢ eGo lof mpuMecsio BemectBa, yocratouHot jkIs HosyepaKal Ist TepMOsUHANMeCKOrO PaBHIORe- cus. Kars no Mepe pacumpenna Meusieres vestieparypa? (1 Gat) 6.5 Yaecrs » sazaye 6.4 nonpapku, castsannpre © stan pemectna. (3 Bastia) ‘Mit KINETIMecKOM aHepruelt 6.6 Tycre ups pacumperi naxogsmerocs » TUL parnoxecin ¢ovonnoro raga (cst, 30,40 ay 6.4) "onicume enum" noqepanBaior Hocrosmuyi remnepatypy. Kax sane? or Mac- urraGuoro caxropa (itspmnuTe, pasepa cocysla) KouLeHTpaluts 92teKrpoHoB? doronon? (3 Gata) 6.7 Ipeqnonoxunt, 410 reeparypa peamxtonoro iarysenma oxaaasiack » 10 pas meq ue, "est 910 ects na canon texte (a n-toTHOCTS eulecT#a - ra 2«e). OnemmTe KonUYECTHEHHO, Kak OTAMMaAHCb GbI OT AeficTBHTeAbHBIX TeMMEparypa H_KpacHoe cMeUKeHHe peKOMGuHa- umn? A ecau Ger remneparypa pexuucra Gotta Meubite » 104 paa? (3 Gasrta) 6.8 Kak no mepe pacumpenust meriteres renmepatypa p xoroanoMt Beestennoit? (1 Gast) 6.9 Burners rexmeparypy i kpactioe cMemletHe, pH KOTOPEIX HpOMCKONETA peKONGu- nanitt (nanpuMtep, npn KoTopott crerenb wounsanMH =1/2). Cospemennbte temmeparypy PeamKra 1 netorHocTs Gapuonos (1m~) carrer usnecrupinnt. Hicnosb20Rarh dbopayaly Caxa (em, Hanp., Jlasay,JIndpunm 1.V) (3 Garzia) 6.10 Iyer» np uexoropost snayenm macurra6noro ¢akTopa, pmaepio B cepeamte pe- KomGunamm, "BstcmMe exuthI" pesKo YREAIILT CreneHs HOHIGANNE 10 cpaRHeMo ¢ pas Honectoit. OuenuT» ppemst, Yepes KoTopoe noceraniomrea paponecne. A cost cremtettb HOHIGAIUHL He yBeINHLAM, a yMenbuman? - Gyger sm orner TaKHM 2Ke? (5 GasLt0R) 6.11 Ocrarostas nomrsania. est st to Mepe yMexbutienis tenmeparypst mpouee- bi PeKOMGHHALNIH Ht HOHMSALLIH OCTABANHCE B PABHORECH, TO CreHeHL HOHNSALUNH OLCDIBA- sraee 6st cbopurysiolt Caxa it yaa Got 0 nyt. OzttaKo 970 ne Tak. Hovemy mpexpamacrest pmenmiocrn pannonecnolt dbopayaint Caxa? Hanicar oneHostioe yeuopite Ha ‘TeNmepa- ‘TyPY KOHUeHYpaNWO a1eKTPOHOB, IPH KOTOPELX 910 NpoNCXosWE. OueHTD ocrarounyio rsanqunt. (5 Gasit0B) erentents 10H 6.12 Penonnsauns B conpemenuoh Beesentiof! nemecrso 8 ocHosioM HoMusoBaNO. Suaw7, nocre pexomGmanun 6110 nepHo, BTopHHof HoHNaNMH (MpextosORHTETEHO, BaputBaMH epBLIx cBepxnopnix). Oahako cymlecrBenHoro pasabiBaKust dayxryantit CMB HIplt 9TOM He MpoHIOULTO, "Te. peroHNIOHAHKOe BeMIeCTRO y2KE He BIAHNO,LelLETHOBALTO € Pe ainkropsn isaysenies. Koraa (mpi Kakix 2) Morsia mponsofiru penomusanus? (5 6a.1108) 6.13 Pacemorprrre MoMenT BpemeH HerlocpexternenHo Hepes, pexomGunannelt. Ouenre KonnerTpanvim sekrponion, ¢boroHon, dboToHon c sHeprueft Goabime sueprin HoHMaLK aroMa Bogloposta, cbororton ¢ sHeprieli, panolt nonontne sroft sueprumt (2 Gaswia). 7 Annsorporms pesimKTOBOrO M3/IYUeHHs 7.1 Hosxorkenne nepsoro tka. Eco nama Beesrenmast neeraa Guta marepnactbto- AOMIETPORAHMHO}, TO B MOMeHT peKoMGuHAIHH cymecrBoBAT ropHsoHT Yacrun, Ton KaKEM YEON MBI celit1ac BILINM TOYKH, KOTOPHE B MOMeHT pexOMGuHATUM HaXOMWIHCS pyr ¥ apyra "xa ropusonre"’? (k = 0) (3 Gasuta) 7.2 Tonoxkenne nepporo mKa-2. Kak nasemmres orner 8 mpestbiymtelt 3aja4e, ecat currars, vro Beenenast ainiork 20 pexonGunaruin Gsista pastmanurouHo-AoMuMpoBAHHON? A ecait, naoGopor, ocste pexomGunanuut ona cpasy craa ze CurreponcKott? (3 Gast) 7.3 Hatin ckopocrs snyxa 10 pexomGunanut, (Iliornocrito Marepitit 1 (3 Gasta) pexe6perars.) 7.4 Bumwectn coornomennte cy = (l@im|*)m, Rake cy - Koad>cunnenr pasnoxenna (AT()AT(A")) noaumosant JTexKanigpa, dim - Koxdpepuntenre1 pasztorxerst AT (A) no edbepisiecust rap- onmant. (5 Gass108) 7.5 Bansme @. Bo neestennott ¢ 2 =O, > 1B MoMenT t, we TONKH, YaasEHHBe apyr or Apyra Ha co6crnennoe paccroanue L, usay4aior crer. Ha6siogaten BHANT 9TOT cner 8 women ty. Ha KaKom yroonom pacctomumm apyr or zpyra on BIyUIT 9TH TONKH? Hccxexonars sannicumocrs 970ro yraa or 9. (36asz1a) 7.6 Kak wamenmtes orner n satave 7.5, eca Boenennan ne MarepnatHo-joMmemponantiag, 2a > 1? (36azza) a sanonnena baxyymom, 2 = 7.7 Kak uaMenuren co ppemeneat cnexrp ¢baykryauuit remmeparyps pemuxra (I(l + L)ei(t))? Ouenurs xapaxteprioe mpent ero nsMenennst. (3 Gata) 7.8 Cpasy nocie (sroReuoll) pexonGunarin pemkronoe Wa.ty"ieHHe GstsI0 HSOTPOEEEI, Tlowesy? Yepes Kakoe Bpenst nosaaach KBapynonbuas auutsorponus? (5 Gaz08) 7.9 Ecnu Gut pexomGu celttiac pesmtkronoe 1ayueHtte? Mt ecstH 1a, TO KAKYIO TeNMeparypY OHO Obi (3 Gana) Luu HIKOTIA He MpousouNA (HaNpuatep, J = 0), To GoiTo st Oo4 lac uMe10? 8 MayKryauun miornocru 8.1 Hccnenosare passurue cbayKryauni nornocrn Bo Bcexennott ze Currepa (nemectso = Masia 10GapKA K MIOTHOCTH BAKYy>a) MPH AOCTATONNO GombuLX (HO cpaBHeHIO co ckopoersio suyka) jytnax wo:t. 8.2 Hauucars ypannenus Sttumvetina 1 uecstexonar’ 9Bosouso npocrpancrsa 2.8. Ve- crexonars sposnonino

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