8 2.

1 Concrete

2.1 CONCRETE

Plain concrete is a mixture of fine aggregate, water, cement and coarse

aggregate. All the components of the plain concrete are mixed together until
they become a paste, which surrounds the voids in aggregate during its fresh
concrete. The steel bars are placed into forms and a concrete paste is filled
around the steel bars until it changes from a plastic to a solid state in about
24 hours, to become reinforced concrete, as shown in Fig. 2.1.
The expected outcomes of concrete properties are effected by their ingredients
which are expected to give reasonable data as designed in the beginning.
Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio are also expected
to give good agreement at 7, 14 and 28 days tests. As a result, the good
homogeneous material gives a good relation with embedded steel bars in concrete
forms. Therefore, the expected outcome will be more accurate not only for good
homogeneous between the composite materials, but also during the cure cycle.

Workability
The slump is the difference between height measured of the steel cone and
the top of fresh concrete after the cone had lifted. The slump test is used to
control the workability and quality of concrete, as shown in Figure 2.2

Figure 2.1 Composite material.