‘THE NIV APPLICATION COMMENTARY SERIES Consulting Editors (OW Testament in Chil Vey Verb Senioe Eo rere Sj NUMBER THE NIV APPLICATION COMMENTARY From biblical text... to contemporary life ROY GANE ZoneContents ‘Zospenvass Sonar bs nn rt se Author's Preface Abbreviations 23 Introduction to Leviticus a7 Grip pomutan a Zot Mo tc Outline of Leviticus ‘ewe ees vended sro tka cede one 8 sig mais b Select Bibliography on Le 4 Text and Commentary on Levit oo474 Introduction to Numbers 481 Outline of Numbers 487 Select Bibliography on Numbers 494 Text and Commentary on Numbers 807 Seripture Index 830 Subject Index 844 Author Index 846 Ancient Literature Index The NIV Application Commentary Series When complete the NIV Application Commentary welche the following vokames (id Teme Volumes New Tenement Volumes Gees JohnH, Wakon Mt, Neha!) Wikia nt, Perr Es st Dad Galan Lean, Ry Cane lade Dal L. Back | Dean Daniel Black J Cay Marge | SL Dail Hak ‘At eran | Inde K. Lawson Youneee Reno, Doh). Moo | (Soma BUT Arnal hon, Cag Blobes | (2K GusKonke! 2 Gohan Seo Hisemann £2 Gio, Anew il Gatto, Scot McKie Endoh Doug) Green Bae Ke Sodas Be; Kaen H Jaber, Pelgpan Fn Thelman 1s Dens R Sag (Gino Pin, David E Calan Pa Vee Could, Wison 4 Tei Mekal W. Holes Pah Ves Cold. Wison £3 Tauty Tia, Waker. Lele Peels Pal Kop Ha, George H Gath Econ Says in Provan ans David P Nyse Isis Joho N. Ones {Pan Scot eKoigh Semiolamestns , Andrew Dexa 3 Pak Do) Moo Enh an Dag lane in, Cay Mi. Barge Dan, Teper Lon Renn Cg’ Keener aaa Cary W Sth Inaba biaZanh James Bee lilac, Dai W. Baker Hagges Nak} Bod “To sce which titles are avilable, visit ur veh sige se wwe zondersan comNIV Application Commentary Series Introduction “TWeNIV AvucaTON Const SES une, Most commentaries helps ke the any tom cur wok the wr the Be The cable etn com the hare of we, calre,ngtge, and geomapy that ‘rate aor thecal wor Yeh oly ler one-nay ket the fstandasume tht we can sechow make the em oure om ou Ov ‘Goce they have explned se nsdn aa book or pase tesco rmentnes ie ute or ao el exploring scone swine The ‘Boaton they oer valle, ba the jo oly Ral done Recently sew commentaries have nade ome contemporary po atom aot other goals Yet that pplication soe sketchy or morals and sore vlunes sound more like printed eran than commentares “The pemary aa othe NIV Application Conmentay Serer hep sooth edie at lnk bringing en ancient message mo 3 Cin contet The sees nou only fois on application at = Enished prod Uctbutale els you think rug the res of moving fom the ogi ‘pemning of pasge to contemporary dancance. These ae commen {ares nor opuarexpoisons They are works eference, not devotions] “The omatofthe sere designed achieve she goss ofthe sre Each usage seated in thee sections: Orgad Masi Brg Contes and Conger Sif “Tas scnon Hes yosundertand he mening ofthe bbl! wext ns og eortext All of the cement of traditional seges—in concise for—are died here, These inclade the i ‘orc teary and aul ones ofthe pasage. The utr cs tevrelated to rammar and yt and the meaning of iba words They tlsoveck nel the a des ofthe page and how the iba author Aeslops those ens,Series ntrodction Me reading tis section, you will undersand he pablens, guests and concemy ofthe apa vata how the bea author adresed those ues Thisundontanding foundtosl oan legate appiason| ofthese ody ‘Tus secnow sus bridge berween the world the ible and the word of today, besween the agin conet andthe contemporary cont, ‘by focusing on Both the emely and timeless ‘specs f the text Gods Word. The authors of Serpe spake to speci is sions problems and ueston, The suhor floss encouraged he ith tof his nial readers by sarang the desmetion af each, a seemingly Impreanable iy athe hands an angry wear God sh 6). Pal warned {he Caluans abou the consequences of ceumesion and the anges of ‘ing nb sty ow (Cal 32-8, The author of Hebrews to co ‘hc hscales tha Chia petro owes, the Axon pes andthe (Of Teament sctiesJohn urged his readers 0 test he spit ol those ‘who tuts fom of pent Gnostic (1 ohn 6) each ofthese ‘eth nely nature of espe enables us 0 her Gos Word si Shon at were one her than abe "eth nly nate of Serie ao creates problems, Our stanton, ices and euetons re not always cy related to those aed by the peol inthe Be Treefore, Gods mord to them does nt alays Sem relevent tos For example, when was he Ist ce sareone urged Sout Beceumcsed, cling tht wae pecemsry prof seston? How mary people today cre whether Chast superios to the Aon piss? And ow conte denned expose nen Grostesm be of ry value namode culare ornately Scie sot onl tnely binds.) as God spoke te original uence, so he sll speaks ts through he pages of Serpe Beco we sar common hamany with he people ofthe ible, wea cover une dneson in he probes they faced ad the sletions Cod fave them, The eles ature of Sepa enables speak with ower fever tme and in esery cle “Thon fl to rece ta Serpe both ely ad ies tn ast of probes. For example, how who are imemidated by Cely books sch ts Flebrews, Claas e Deeronomy might avid resting them because they seo meningle today Ar he acer exes those ‘hoe convinced ofthe dle natizeo Sepa, bat who fal to dcer Series introduction is mely clement, may "wax elogser about she Mlchizedekin pret hoot slepngconaegnton or wor sil, to apply the aly aso tne Ol Testament ins pin wy to Gods eres tay “The urpoeaf dissection, therefore 0 hep you dcer what tine lesin the inely pages ofthe ible—and what ox Foreampe ow do the holy was of he Old Testament reat to the pal ware ofthe New If Pals primary concer nt ceciston a eels inal 54 what she concemed abou If discussions about the Aaron presthood or ethnek se eeant today, what of abiding vale in hese ses? lipeope yt" test the spit ody with tex devine or sapien conan here, what ther bial test might be mor appropiate? "eth econ ds not merely uncover chat which timeless na pt sagt a lps you to see ow is uncovered. The ators ofthe com ment sek take whats mpi inte tse and make explo ake {proces dat nom sine sped explin na lee], fs von Ho dowe now tha ceameon nat Pals prmary concert What las the esto 5 content hep us elie tat Pauls eal concem 6 3 Aeeperleel ‘OF course, those pastas in which the historical tance Between us tnd the orl renders i geste ese a longer weatmene Convey, thote pager in which theta dances sll or seeing none ‘tent equ ess atenton ‘One final caneation Because this eton repre he way fr di ning the contemporay signfcance of he pstage, there so ays 3 ‘harp dtncton or cer bea beeen ths ection ard he one that a lows. Yet when bath sections are ead rgeter, you should have 2 song seaseof moving om the wold ofthe Bible tothe world of eoday Tits Section ALLOWS the ibis! mestge to speak witha much power day a id when itwas fit writen, How can yovspoy whet you lend sat lenaslem Ephensn of Conn 0 cou prevent. neds in Chicago, Lon Angee, + Landon ow can You takes meege oneal spoken im Cre, Hebe, and Arama and com ‘munate it clear in our own nguage’ How can you tae the eternal tts “nga spoken niet me and cule ands them the ese detent neds four tre Inorderioachice deve pou, this section gives youbels in sever eySores Introduction (1) Iehelpsyou en contemporary sinatons, problems or uestions that indy compare wo thor ced bythe onal dence. Becane tempor stone are seldom ential ta thoe faced by thecal uence you most secksatione thre analogous your appiaonn are tobereloant, (2) Thirsecton explore taney ofcontnts i which he pase might be applied ody You wil look at pesonal applica, but you wil ako be crcouraged to thnk beyond vate cancers the sce and eure at fr (3) Ths section wilalert you wary problens or eles you might encounter in seeking to apply the psiage. Andi there are several et tate ways to apply apap ress in whch Cian dag) the ator ‘sl bong thee 29 your steno and help you thik rough theses Invoked Tnsecking to achieve thse goss, the contbutos others tempt to id wo esremes They od making ch pete appctontha the eminent might icky become ated They aso avon dscasing he si rience ofthe passage in such» general way thai fails o engage con temporary te and calre Aho all cnt to thi sess have made a lige flr not to send marist or preachy The NIV Applicaton Commentary Sen does rococo provide ready made sermon materi utter too, ess, ad niger ha wil ep you communicate Got Word with power we help ‘yout ahve that oul dhe we have filled the puro or this sxc, The Eins General Editor's Preface (Ox cr mie ok WEAN of modem cule curls of mor ‘Wemiundertand the ute of ls andes nd commandment, aling them ain, and then, bed on ts misunderstanding, we res them \Werunkcglon acd moray ae he ame hing We don iether one ube esq when the sujet of morality comes up. cual; many of ws begin o squirm wel when the sbi of she bb tcl books of Levis and Number comes up-and for mach theme reson ourdscomfo wth morality Wed ike reading wha appear to be the outdated cates of grouchy God who seems to have gotten upon theverongside of ed. What the point “This whe kes Roy Ganes commentary so help He tells us the pont One af hs primary emphases that Leta ls ar ot legals nd outdated. By crfly and thoroughly aking os throgh each chapter {el eee discover tht we ea er rm other peoples moray, even ‘hen thei clr adil diferent rom ur. “The posts. yu read Levscus and Numbers atl your ses rane abot morality tel wil ex to dapear.[norder to explain (his emo, et me borate on two wen hat emerge from reading thie tuthortatve materia) The avs f Levies pend forthe efecy on ‘he fc tht they ae crete yan implemented ins commun of poo ple They desenbe he 'dymame wonhip tem of scent ate "hachasthelogeal meaning These ae not ls for nds “These ae [avs that are any secondly about safety and health and ‘orderand good manners Make ro miake thy are about ley and health [tdcrder and pood mannen-—bat only ater they are abaut the wars of God, which the precondition, the sexing, of al the Leica laws Why sree a love our neghbor 179) Boe we cannot worship Couns swelove ox neahtoraoureles. Once this enabied we dncover ht loving our neighbor rats good, se healthy, ntercammuna lator ships ‘We livin tre where we tend to undead nws andres andcom: smandmerts primary a dey relat ous tnd Bocas we vein 2 tniidalsc age, takes deliberate effort to realize that india) ‘mort s rooted in communal morty Inthe Bibl, ths spot made 35 ‘plc ieculdbecnue nbiblalsiresie wn ase chat he vale of EeGevera Edt’ Preface the community src tho othe ial Today the order severed tnd understanding the Levit! ws demands that we inelade i our erence on skoaledamet of he Biles pros 12 The ns of Levit rly ake sense fgeifoweare able espose ther meaning om aca conte three millenia ead hala word inane fom aur en The content of dhe ly of Levies ca sem "ange The questons on mile sn capt’ 13, for example, ean any be Uhdeood bythe who vena srpie couney where ths isla pros lem The soliton to desrctve ilgew'—to have the pre ajste ‘whether ro the aren question tt be desoyed is na something Trost modem church ede would ike to have edt hero ese ton Neve the communi mpliations of ths aw re manes Ay Aestucve fore thts has the pote spread thoughout the body af {Cats something we should all be concerned with coraling Even the most rane of he lw found n Late ave ace oo 3 vinci that we shade sl omake apt oarlves Arwe ae Sit the general emencitl principe to attempt wo seth comma ‘resin hat we remedies sini avs. As Roy Gane Fp tosce in thiscommenan theres reat praca wisdom in hese swobodke Tear wonder gen thee two das, thatthe New Testaments often reer the ave of Levis explain the moray ofthe peopl ofthe Kadam of Gods They ae laws Seto us BY God through Moses. That reas they are imporane Tey re es that ordered the eso holy ‘rb! community ceed inthe dine presence Since that what we Tomato happen nthe char and churches of dy, we oul do wore than ty ine the ese created by hee as ‘God call ons nat call be embraced by hernia ell that aay ved on elton os community, group af people ce ‘ered in he worn of Goda group of people sinated na wider work tf decentre, sometime immera, semetines ama cull grease teen ou that in many ways we are oto ere rr this te wander Ingin the dese of Sn seal ery Mack Author's Preface vis & COMFSSON is an sproprite way to begin a commentary on Lets nd Nebr Before 980 the es of nna t thee Boos oe Inoiton ws foreign co me {am mbarased to aha as an unde ‘ante chology student 1 aid nor ever bother co ell in an excell ure onthe bibl encase, aught by my father sy bec war completly uninterested inthe ton ‘Ny inal nee in pursuing ty ofthe Hebrew ible rose rom fs ination wth prophesy and Paine Having sued must compostin, I bse ost sls to msi fer congregational singing an relied that 2 Ste of Flebrew powty andi shyt would fate creation of emple readies to complement the bial texts. So afte an intensive summer Cine ode Hebrew the Here Unsesty of Jerse, ered invunderate an then graduate study of bibleal Hebrew tthe Uni very of Calor, Bete. “The ples of iblcal Hebrew aha university was Jacob Miro, whos preocupation with Levises and Numbers plged me ito et Fd veanded ar deere elm of blood and gf rom the aesthecs Pains. Overa numberof yeas, ou progres through the Hebrew ext of Less nd Numbers apd hr many interprets was slow ad hoe cgh, gency covering oly a chaps ot pet semester Asan extreme trample, we spent an entre sean of two and half hus on one Hebrew Tener preoston bin Levit 71 ‘As Miltom guided his tants uloing the text, Iprogresively ‘amen grip main pointe The ame worship ystem of scent al neapadates profound theologcl meaning Furthermore, although el Uonsps with the New Testament were not under dscusion, anew word thuderanding opened up tovasyeachand ance my Chitin nde Standing of Gods characte and dhe wae inact wth and etre aly Inaman beng ike me, So ving home ata ght rom Migros sem trai Higheay 90 nm ancient 962 Ford Feo, oud msl poe Ingon the teen whe! and yeling wich excitement “Talacch Nigar, whos unparalled conebutons tomo esearch con Leviticus and Naber ae eerenced throughout the preset comme fap me my lve of hee tering Tah books and my ably to com prohend hem. am sho grate to my paren, Erwin and Wiesome CaneAuthors Preface for passing on thei of God and hs Word and ing mea inal on dhton for ble sy Encouragement silting des nd ep recon have come fom, many other sures inhaling Baruch Schwa (brew Unwesty of Jensen and John Wao Wheaton Cole my Od Feament Depa nent collegues at Andrews Unversity Richard. Davidson, Jacques Dahan, Constance Cane ny me) Jo Most, and Randy Yous ny sealers especly Mose ae, nd Pal Lipp Several have covered by Colecng secondary source materials, ncldg istration Kathy Ekkens ly sera) anda uccevson of gradste stdent research bias ver ‘crcl yearn Siren, Og Zignkew Wann Fane, Alloa Oe trie, Gregory Aruyunvan, Alans Carpenter, Scuan Carpenter nd Times Wibberding. Kay Ekkens an Jn Sivargen comple the author and ancient erie inden, ‘Ny wl nd ought —Consance and Suh Cane—have arid Ing mlonastay at Moun Sins and in the wlderes without undue eu bing or ping. Ther sppor ha ber wu ad const even they he looked forward to compevon of the journey Ulsmate suppor has ane rom God, whose Toa he ssn or his tay and who provides hope of Promised Land a oor inl destin, a seid Ate ‘nb NET aoaT Nok ASORDS ast an ah ATsos ‘usDDs AaUSs BASOR ab Bex a be als aS BAT Abbreviations Anchor ible Ancor Bi Dictoery RIE Harper e, ni nd Babylon ete Beng ibe Keay Calton oft Bos ase abndged W von Soden, Aliaich Hee Analect iblce [.ritcard ed, Ase! Nr ast Ts Rati the OU Ttunna e Alter One und Altes Testament ‘Arnel Ferchenge Amenca Schools of Onenal Research Disertion Seis ‘el of be Soot Talal tas ‘Apes Tio onl ‘ran Thal Ren ‘Advent Theological Socesy Dissertation Series, Andeews University Seminary Doctoral Dsetation Series ‘nde Unity Swary Sai ewan son of abl Ted Beal Achat Walter Bucr WF Ares, FW. Gingrich and EW Darker A Grok Engl exc f be Ne Tet nd ir Ely Cristo Lieatoe Biel Archaay Reo Balin i Amen Ses of Orin Rosa Balto Bie Rance Brown S. Driver and C A Brg, A Hes ad ll econ of te O Berit Olam Bice Bibiece Beersge Bical Ieerpetaton Seis Bows ude Studies Biblacher Kommentar Ales Texarent ee EEEAbbreiations 20 BR BSc SC sem IST ar gz cap cane cic Ga cc che. CHL Grn Come cos o cm cup ARCOM B HC dl. a EM Er edb seal Ba ET Far cKe Har KAT HR Bieta Ota Bi Ress Biotic Sse Pie Stadens Conmentry Bilis Serine Bibl Speaks Today Ti Bie emlatr Balai Zeb The syn Dina of he Orit state Usnesty ‘fheate (Cahier dla Rew ibis Cambridge Bile Commentary Cate Biel Quart Gavin Coren con compre chapers) ‘Gomencasiones Humanarun Lier Giition Catary “The Communicators Commencary The Conf Srp, ed. WW Halo Cistaniy ConrdaTeisial Mow (lige ad Urey Die Dan and Revelation Commitee sves Expositor ile Exot Bb Comma sors) Bap Judai Brylpab Miat Ia abi ites Bao raglce Ths Exes Te Forschangen zum Alen Texament E Rausch el A E Cole, ar, Gn’ Hires Gorener Handbveh zum Ae Testarent Handkonemar aur Alten Testament Haart ao Rees i ame wuica 1B ice 08 EI 7 iw ik ISBE mm AGNES Janes TAOS “ats JETS us este JOR R IRE is sor. JS0TSup KW ot Bs ac ux Abbreiations aad Toga Reis Hira Uno alge anal Teterpetaton A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching Iocernationsl Ceca Commentary Ines tiny oft Bie Ira xplereton Tua Ire Law Ree eet Imus in Religion and Theology Inet! Snr Bie Expl, 4. C. W. Bromiley Incemations|Thelogcal Commentary Insenatonal Theol Libary ean of tc Amer anyon Feamat ft Aci of Grade Ne Esto Serf the ‘Universi of California, Berkley Ieama ft hci Nw Es Sty Tua ft er Onl Sty Soul oft Ae Til Sey Tour of Bibel ive Seo Bil Quart Sra f Cor Sider a of Se Engeie!Thll Sc ao eh Sader Jewish Pbletion Sckty Tok Commentary Sas Our Resi Seal Rees Son of ei Es Sonal Stay of ado i Pes, its od "Roar Ped Sonal fr te Say of be OL Taner Touma for the Study of the Ol Texament ‘Supplement Sees Sosa f Toki! Sais Kiereguards Whines bray of Bical Inerpreaion ary of Biblical Sades LGymans Handy Commentary Library of Liber Ars Sepang, MihabAbbreviations tz Nac 080) op oe ore on os, PAR Peg PRR PRS RA B Reo RIR saps sulsp SBLSyms seLWAWe saonT sce Maks Thy Muchas Zatch New American Commentary New American Sanda ile Uae New American Senda ibe New Cency Bie Nee Ecker Bb Now hr Be, Keck eta New Intraoral Bibical Comment [New Intemational Commentary on the Ol Testament New Itertonal Grek Testnent Commentary [New Ineerstona Vesson NIV Application Conmensary [New fester Bible [New Jewish Pblaton Society Version [New King ames Vergan Nese ond Po Ft, Seis Neve Revised Standard Version Orbs Bhi toe (Orel rst Puestons ‘ong pistion (Oe Testament Cards (Og Testament Library Ondstenaice Sin Proceedings a he American Academy for Jewish Research Palate Eertin Ory Princeton Readings Relgons Psp lau Stade Raney Ree bg reprinted edt Qanrn Red Thal Raine SBL Diseraion Series, Sit of el Lins Sonar Paper SEL Symposum See Soci of Bil Literature Writing from the Ancient ‘World Sere Books af the Ol and New Temes Sais Conran Rlion ae setiee st Sr SR SSN SiioT sme ‘or 1 not Tore mand wor ass ucoP vat E VTSep wae’ WMANT wet wse Wat Yos zw AW Abbreviations Scrip berseyitann Ses in fade in Late Ansouty Serta Ponte Ista Bet Studies in Religion Sls Semtcs Neevandca Staion nu den Bofeeky-Testen Sewn Trial Rose Ta GC) Bowterweck snd H.Ringaren, ede, Th onary of i OU Tt “Te and Inerpreation EJennl and © Westermann, es, Thal Unicon of ie Tate “Tyndsle Old Teament Commentaries easlationtransated by RIL Har. Archer and Walk, ed, Thi Wrobel Tees Unie Bible Societies Handbook Series Unversity of Cambridge Onental Publications vert) Vorderssche Abeiing Tone ables in he cle: "ns ofthe Suatiche Museen, Bein Vor Eom as Tete \Verus Teme, Supplements ‘Weed Bibel Commentary ‘Wisenschiche Monographien2um Aken und Neven Tesament Wordsworth Focty Library Wheonin Sadie in Classes Wl Tali! onal Jew Tea Yale Oriental Seis Zotar be cliente Wise atc fr dente WasecaIntroduction to Leviticus |Wiy SAcRCE Tn edn Levitcu A grunt seat atthe Hebrew Unversity of lesalem joined an eer couple for evening worship Con ‘iuing teil program of ading the ible rom cover to covery yar the Panes apy ead through newer chapters of Leics, When they had finshed ighty-vearod ls Palmer reacted. "You know some tines when I Yad tht book, wonder what the Lard wasup to, Da the [Almighy get upon the rong sd of he be" The ue sponded es tr Levis oes vesome diets but mano thor oon sand panagescanbe explained” Arsh she ied herd ed excised "No, dont star ging ws exlnation, well never get trout” Soy wuld anyone soto rend and understand Levit If the pre sent commentary were on the Pals, the Cospe a Jo, or Pals eer eo the Romans oii were dete primariyt Jews readership, we coud ship tat kindof question and nobody would notice. Levies for Chri tans, however ic rether mater, ‘commentary on Levitas mast expla convincingly why impor. ‘ane hae hv bel book should be rad ody. Unies th esto is bswered leat and compelingly, peopel nba ta parr tie falmeaning for dy “Tha ths ok of ent seven chapter coins more diet pe by God hms than any he book ofthe ie and i lacd athe en of the Toa or Penta the fie book of Moses which for the ound ‘sn fra of Serpe So even hough Levies the short book ofthe Penrateuch, we get the emprenson that it should be important. However, de rom artes in chaps 10 conscsaton sad naugustion of he ‘ancy and ts presthod) and 2410-25 the blasphemer and covenant Bssings sed carn chapter26 Leics cons laws Even the naa tines oman die Is embeded nem (108-11,24 15-22), athe ‘fet described in capers 4-10 ae rl ones closely elated othe ser fecal procedures prescribed sn sof the prec chpter (he (7) ‘What do in adresed oan acien, obsoee culture hve fede (Christians Rial avs, which tse up mach of Lento, are pataIntoduction ctullenging becuse they were desgnedo regulate weship system hats foreign ou Ter eaninge ae nor ovis 1, and explanations pro ‘ied bythe bible ext ae few and cypi. Itucons fr scifces, ‘thick insole sue anes oo apparent pratel pure nae {oto det that can be edo nd gory to reader wh sent butch, ‘erin, o biologi Even we waned to obseve oF pact ‘chal we cannot beause the ae sancryemple and its Aone ‘eestood re gone Te we tke the New Testament serous, fe worthwhile to pase and ‘seconds ou tude tw Levies, Forome thing, 22 Timothy 3.16 ‘he apo Pal res Al Seite Cod eae and use for teach Ing euking comeing and waning righteounes emghaes pte ForPal "ll Spr’ ersinhncladd Levis More specs the ct ‘hat the New Teeanen lest the Od Tesamene rial stem in order te epi whag Chet has complied ad scons to scart Inds that knowledge ofthe nual shoul be helt 2nd may even be indepen, or comprehending the ocx of slvaton trough Chit (eg Lake 2427, Cor 57; 1520 Feb 7-10 Rew 4-8), Linkage beeen the Old and New Testaments inclides he fc hat lnaite tubing and csebrton ofthe Fasover formed the bss for Cristian bape andthe Lrds SupperComaunon. Soy easing the meting ofthe eae: practices, we enhance comprehension of ou wn rina “The fact hat Chr death onthe cos 3 desc in she Gowpl ssasso much mor pan shanhe anal secs 5214 iene ‘hath er were mitigated ed reltvely humane shadows Thee had tobeblood a make the pine He 92) but var obsne with 3 in ium of aerng by tng he Urat ofan arial tat two qu 0 unconscious fon oso lood« Apparently thing short ofthis (of dsurinaly graphic ocd oul adeauatly pre or ancient peo le the eter athand he conseuencs of sn ané of salvation though single erica ransction that had noe yt occa (ef Rom 623) ‘as shadows romtypes, the ancient sacs shat were necesely speed ary tines nd were oct by fay pris cou ot realy ke senysins Heb. 10-4) However because the were performed en eth ‘there people cold experience then by paricptin, they served use burpse ss damaiclasations NosigleKnd of aris could adequately Introduction prefgare the nchnes of Chri sper, fost 26 no snl pct in a Enatomy and shyoloay txook can capture the fl cmplety of ing organ, Although each Kind of acne san dene erton these adequacy benef ox by akg down the comply chat we ‘So why not slp Leviticus an jum to here shig” nthe New Tes ramen An analogous qustionprovies some pespecve: Why shad Ines tient ped ie wih darted, analysed two dimension pic {ur dagems and exptanations nan arom and physiology txbook ‘when el ing horn bodies re avalable or eamtation? The answer's that the extbok eaches he Buda physician hat on earth he ose Jooking at when confronted wih heel hing Silay we eed Levies ss aestbookso that when we encounter Cri acin we ean gate falimpace ‘We wl ind tha he animal seis were God sar cll” symbol sngthe way bescleneslexends mercy with ste to fay people These ‘isk eves hi ving charac ani hs dese fr etration aed a tenance of intimate teraction with chose whom be camed 3 his own Whether wor ad heocrae lstuons of ance nel are long gone. the Go reveal by them remaine he same Hern es he pe ‘hou tne Seance of Levit or went list ccny Cetin The sof Leneus were nor isolted fom patel human expen Rater th deals were ien nthe contex of rand soy that recans Ise formation rom an cppresed group of saves os power ‘kingdom ‘of psests and halysason (Ex 193, among whom the dey del 258) Divine laws aed elie and were intended to she destiny with Gog nth sense each hws and of dled soy “Thro Levies we can earn what Gods ike raion to curses and owe can efecvely nea wth him cos the boundary beeen the sen and urseen spheres. Wile cur modem uation outwardly dit ferent rom ht of he sates in sreane espe, we 09 can parc pute in transactions with God (dvaugh prayer rahe han Sacre) and rots rom the experience bec pale our Own on + epee The Lord eonsnues a diver som slavery (059) and ansors sino ‘achowen people, yal pethood shay ration, = people belonging 1 Got Peer.) 0 thar can Gel with ur and be oar Cod Rev 213) ‘Although ows in Levin dig peecad enhance die hepa and humar-human relations ouside worship ate routinely dismissed as Mosse cv lealston that verve ony the latte henry, they cap sult imei and valabe principles Many of chem exempliy spares plesol the foundational pcp oon, which under the moraleIntroduction Ten Commandment (Ex 20, Des $;ct Mate 2256-40, Rom 138-1 Teste tat the cui ows of Lec (in Lv, 18-20, 24-25), ike those ‘foster Penntchal books eg, n Be 21-25, Num. 38, Dest. 15,1718 535) are dothed in she gah ofan alent clare aed te ud sysem ‘Neverthe, who sueumbing legac “ough, we xn gin the Proce bench of oserving the to se etn het he pence can be Ele in our own fe ssn ‘Ofecuve dacoverng new principles eters cr sansauo, pec whe hey ae node Tash the Lar" We pay aan pyscos ee with cur Mess and coarser to help sad ou elton Ships bur when aur Cretrgves vsprcription en ours eo cha, wetend wo resent hismedlng ado regu our accoenabiy 2 ind of inl rp The us, ur esponsbiye bin saranenisl account bly vo ores, bcnae hi nscons are Based on ense ad fect lke the Sugeon Genes recommendations for god det ad exerci and ‘arnings gsc smoking Ietrance ls bliss undagrosed ance. etass not welcome nan environment of e-gold" teins align, Norte her ato the Bie. George Bara exis why a0 In he ast uatenceay seems that we have earned how 1 ll Fie bar ot how towel wasn the Bile Incesnay people pick tnd choo the ible conten they Ie or el comforable with, bat ignore ie eo Gods coune. This tendency sons expecal pro Iieamone yung dul nd eengers What can we dota eloate the prominence, ceili, and perceived vie of Gods Word the resol aie anddstacted public [Noting st ere abou te healing relevzne of Levticsor the Hef node Chris can compare wh he searing expenence of Minnie Wee Baton» vitmef shar ars chi eh oan caning andro the ines vs of Lvs 18° Nor ae ny wong anythin Me the remarable ‘eporo! Rebel aol the Nas Hil Bible Church in Grandsille ich fan which he planted in Febrary f 198 1 reach unchurched ad is ‘Soved people in rand pd Toemaie that ay success the church eoyed ‘rule dio he power of Grater han mp haan resus, nd {S demoratatehatey par ofthe ible—ven Levees for today, el ‘Sentthe fins year preaching hough Lever ene by vee Hess "he Third Canine Cre Introduction Why sas church wth Leviticus Why no sere an rebiton Ships fing peace? That wuld be ase approach Levies can tbe tured imagery too wi We ventured tsar ane "devour. tht God woul delaras ptr hisSon ‘We dscovered ths the Bible an ngnic wale thee concept bo conec, these images do make sense or the fst me, may 8 ‘ur congregation begun oe, he sary iy sary. These po pearemy peop This Gods my Goa Irsumed out iat Levies was supesingly fice because ste he needs fcomtemporary people or wa agey grappling with ough sutione snd sense of communi, Even ore importa eawakene in chose who Preval do bl in Goda asd for ation trough it Son "The reipamc hasbeen exert Afra high schol Foil gue, 3 rman called ou to Rab, Hey, Pasion Lestes tring ou world upside ‘down, Wererackedothecore" Then ov high chool kde caught pith fhm saying "Weve been lng abou what you said That was sueee! Can wat for Sunday. See ya So what del sare reaching ater he ished Leviicud The Book of Number, of couse? Authorship Wo author of Levies It depends what you sean. you are refer sing to the source ade ies, most of he oak (ee legilason) pe ‘ented aes ere of speeches te Lord Son thissense Gite primary author Whether ornotyoueleeits upto ou, a ous, butts hat Leva ime Ti you ae hiking of he human autor, Levies conse nals thatthe chef eipient and wanes os Une speeches was Mons, itean be regan conthoed: The bibliographic ference cold ad God and Aone, Ln Sina fal Publiations, second miler um Bc. Again, this ca ter of li. Mosse autorsip a this evel goes with «vine authorship. For Christians sizficat a he New Testament Including tect speech of euler legsauon Levis autor ‘siveand ram Maus ® nnIntroduction li you mean the persols who actully wrote doe the word of Lei cas, the book src speaking—snonymows. you blew other Pen fecal pages tht speak of Moses a wing menages ram dhe Lod [re 1714 244 3627, Dee 31.9, youeanallow forthe poli oreten pebabiity that Mose silty recorded the vie speeches tha othe bkof Levies In ews radon sccepted by Christan ncrprte unt ‘modern nes Mores he hum author indading ewer of Levis ‘Contains tothe Pencateuch by persons other han Moses would no way init hs cea, monumental comrbation to the Torah or Aiminsh is esprason: As oseoh be Eliezer Bons Second ha ofthe Founceth century AD sadreguding Ip Ezra commenton Genes 125, “ha diference does emake whether Moses or some ther prophet wrote itsince the wos fl of them are uth nd were recived by prophecy?™= Sima the apostle Paul dat nos dinsrishBerwen the nepaton sr uthoty of pmary and secondary athowedtoxs—AlSrptte Cod breathed (2 Tem, 316s the vine authorship that crac. Wile we ‘an scot what Levies ave abut fst in ems of Se dvine Monic origin, we do aot know how it eached its final frm, wha wet invelved inthe ering cting procs, ot how lng thistook ring Moses ue uo the monarchy completed by Ezra) becuse nha edence reraring thew queens has comet ht Methodology ‘Wie nil methodology fr suing Levit Moder nteptes ese eok to understand te plan ses of Leathe han enn Inthe allegorical sputualzing, nyse or mse modes of expostion traced centres ago Sine the ae tent the ring potter vey Investigation, scholars agree on many aspects Nevertheless, is suprising "tat condaons derved ror the plan sens are as vergent they ae Perhaps hemos power cos bein ack eer mona Le cusschlas we dilzens of pinion earn the authoshp and auence ‘tthe book Wat was the worldview ofthe author (reoup of author), {shaped by hs hstoncal comtexo What andienee and stuns) id he Intend to adres What ihe intend to sccomplhe The mowers sich 1] ben Bons Tt Ph aed in N Sons, Gr TPS: Phos sth fiat Soy 89,38 oN so Hae Diary il seen Introduction Where the meaning n=) The Frsestep to find out how sna wrk, Mos portant, me mut ascerin ‘Stems of aceity Rather han geting into acomplicte, asc ds ‘uso of ral theories th scholr ican mel ave proposed le bein withthecbvius Antal sasitem of ats Tus we cance ‘out sme proper ofa by comparing tem with nonal acv Sgsens, wid wach exeryone salir We do many of these each dy ‘Doge rey forworkon Monday? Whit ace ae neces for ths At heer lest you need to get dese, lore you get creed yu ‘Sean el, Senne Grand ards Ber 1998) 880105 sho tden Cd he aon Oy ft ony onthe ‘Osher Ln Pom 19508 eis, inl rw Con Sd Pion Eso TeLerticus «2-17 rst acts Then you sare the seal proceso resing, Alu some shins must he dane beloe others your route capable of ome Feb cane org tern ete acy tem eens the acoises you rust telude and stapes thet ode. DDresing ay belong Inger acti system such 3 geting oar fay ready forthe dy. Thi hn the ac ha oy tes le al cotter systems (eg. physi socal or conceal ysis ae beri ‘systems consisting of smal systems and making up ger systems, ‘When you fs desing, you ay ned © ay Your room BY Pung sey the deme yo derided no to weat This wld be ose ae Now weare ready o sare reading he fier nstnons in Levins Wins of ou bring an lens othe Los bing a your fer: Ing an anna from ether ehe herd othe dlack [ee olen 8 tart lfeing fo the hed eo offer male without defect. He mat prevent 3 the entrance to the Ten of Mowing otha il be acepable tothe Lox (emphasis ule The wording hee india nay sacefes I hs context a ale can choose when to bring sn anima fering to the Lov, but having made ‘hischoie, the anna! mist be deste, whether om the herd bovis, bull) or fom the flack sheep or gon). The menu af epson con "ies ie 3 Bure offering from she herd certain rues apy (1) The ‘hoe ofthe annul ust be ale and without leah 2) The locaton isupeifed the rane to he Tent of Meeting that she curgardin fron ofthe abenale, where the outer lar ocated. Flowing thee tues enables the oflering fo achieve goal through acceptance by the Tord 3) ‘Sie a ald burt offering an only ake place at the sanctuary leading ‘he animal itm this eatonis prerequste fhe rial ct sate Lesiee213 commands another ctny tat i prereqaite oay sie ingle Lets 14-9 press the umf rial oper, wich ncaes {sees of sce that ae exp mentoned (regular type below) oF sped by pracacl neces (le) rin et cut ofbed and leat the aces yal paton. We caudal he len oe hand on hess of hea Leviticus 13-17 sly cche teat of the anal tar resent loo wo the altar Aas blcd aga sides of ator fey remove the hide of the nial Udsmenberquner the cscs se the aa fire range wood onthe alr realy as bed ad act he tse range the boy pecs head, and sue (ard ft) on the lee Nosh ew and shine Frente on se hae? fr tur nt sake eh entra and shin om the fie Levies 110-13 prescrbes the ae ed ofa bu with sheep oF ant Since vers 4-Shave esd exablahed the proedal ten Pa. ign with reference co herd animals, veses 11-13 abbewat the Ut of tes forlock msl except that vee 13 explcly mentions presen thon ofthe ena and shins to the ala Levis 14-7 aun daha oer fbi which mite om 2 domessted species dove o pigvon-—jt a other service ins be domerceated animal hat con their owners something a hus epee valu thts ranted om he offrer to the Lond 2 Si. eis). While the bird tal contains the essential componens of laad Spolcation and busing onthe altar here are diflerences in procedre [ease ofthe smal size and pysolgial makeup ofthe enesie* Burt allerngs involve some ofthe sre Kinds of factor st can be ‘eur in connection wth your essing for work (1) Prac consis sec the order of acter For ample the hon of ed flack ‘alms be st before sblood can ecole a then pied ode ser (2) Theresa certain amount of ewey win the overall pater pardire setts Hing orquaering can begin os he ont fhe ara 3 ‘otto the back, race vena. (3) External shorty ply 9 ae ftrng cts Porshe burt ofering the ashanti the ord In tea ‘desing for work the authority const of clu norms, wich caa be ‘fluenced by bible principles of deceny (eg Deut 225), ornare ro ew Er. — itews 12-47 While your reine may have Become fay epulatzed 2 outing tay leant enteral author eg, yourcompany sae) sneered tn wih the el and does pot tate the steps of your precede Thee IMesore runes however that are female For example twat ‘money om an ATM‘ ors go online you must lo the procoeal sey ‘hetankor yur ene prwde yu fal too tneugh hese spe. ied epsin ut height nde your reel be invalidated Slr, riser eormnc sent ystems. The Lard concer eth the Ire fering cata wel 255 ol Like non ctiviy yt, burt afeing aces produce chnge inthe marl wold though ume®Barhering an animal makes the bart ‘enna the way wh people obtain meat fo fod eh Cen 187) Renloring his connection the fc that in Levies 19, the pas conning or likey sed by dang—etrals 2nd shins—must be washed ‘efor the are burmedon te Lorde altar» "The meaning of ial found in unusual goa By viewing the buns, cofesing as preparation of mest for fod, we can secon ors ranber cites Homever were a aos 0 explain aningone hand on he hed ‘ofthe anima, manpustion of blood, or burnng the valle mest ashe falar need be cleaned up and umped ouside he saetecamp (Lae {610-19 Froma mundane point of wew he bur ofleng waste nd tsar past achieves rota gl tough olan aise ad eet, ‘rept tha the pest eps thee the ail or hi uation 79) ‘Thin secondary benelit cane be the overall goal of the burt offen becute providing the hie to the pest doesnot rere al of he atte incdedin the atv system, such seaming oe and on the ead of the animal and applying ts lod othe aa "Now we hive an appar contadcton. A burs offering is an actty ‘sem apd an ei te defined ys goal which so accompish pacar kindof change. Bc there oon praia goal tates forall the hurt ofering axis The eal oul nat remy one that enor schesed trough physieal sce by the ind of ee zc efcct ha operates in dhe mundane teal world Here we reach he ‘boundary berween tal and pont ats Lees 19 leur tht he el ao the bart oe to povie _po pling arom othe Lord The word fora here ms, whch s ‘ally undemtood to mean something Ue “a oflerng male Se ( ‘dred am the sar word i) However, hee hth meas Lovtows 12-17 sl feauggeed byt clo ation oa wordin Upc which iso these Semi family oflnguages os Hebrew: tha esas” Mores tantly the meaning gfe brew wage inthe the word spp 0 ‘eta is of fod othe Lod sich burt feng (Nur 252) an wel eg offergs (Lee. 3.1, 16) hut nt pureation ering (so-aledin bferng' even touch sey mere burned onthe aa Picton flings ‘rere tken payment "deb athe tans oe comments om Le The Lord eceiver is ood nthe fam of smoke by sing So she smoke nctions He incense Ia fact the ver infor baring art tering onthe skar Hip of "make smoke fromthe same oot | the word for incest cf 1612-13). ‘Wear compar snd ents the Od Bablonan pc Ass, a which the gx sme asctice flered by Avabass ler theflod lek Cen 821 tanh ie tconsame theese they ave ben sang 83 res ‘ltheanaultin ofthe huran population,” The ual uagein he epic of games spea of the erie of Lap 3 proving sce ev0r ‘hur the gods sled like thse gos, the Lod al does nat eed Jnana food (509-13) TNs 252 the Lord ees to egulr but oflering a Yoke bur he eves hi met in an exraorinay wa, though smoke, What ‘peas to be preci wastelss duet he fact that He receng Pty in th man (arte of etn fai) peta, He doe fetbelong ou otal accessible teal word, Whe Cadean sxe Fale food (Let, 9) he doe not ish tke ules he choose 0 zppear in hun fom (Gea. 181-8) or sends ve to consume a saence te 9.241 Kings 18.38)" ‘On one occson Abraham gave God a it of food lira ther than Seough ata When he Lond speared fin ars eeler with wo om rsnions Abraham asked Sahn make bead cakes, ane grea al oh Serato prepare a meat ne above) Ten eset the fod etre he thee ‘nen slong with curésand ik, ad they ate (en. 181-8) Jas Abakars| showed his tends byefering 2 ea which tuned ot to be asic, the sales demonsated hes se for 2 god elias wih the Lord 1 Mute Di Soper Felner eee Gag Wien (Vp edn 6 12 Mtge tse tlc "2 Rs 3-36 Lambe, nd AR Nii Ala Tein See Waa nd. Errno pe 19a 80) 98-98, tam ok WBA ews Pe jn Pond TS Ge ra Bran Sins eh De, 199) 5rere Leviticus 2-17 byevinghin ses ods. Tae were moran tT tacts pas by dy eats nei Srechman non. Tech i the acl old ey led ct wth Cog. Thy caleonet tes he Ta ci 83 eo {e tothng aghast er, i oda SSrccne npn ihe of etc hy cad eek {hen ond git.) anda aca ego of ep, at ‘tena ofl elton tied wee [MuuNc INTERCTON POSSILE The snc seats contalledersironment sha madeira tion porable in spice ofthe dvie-human ee. ‘ation that ad ended om sin Iwo soma ke the ls (or leis) hue” devised by morn media sence ‘ret people whose bodes lack fupcoral immune sists. A few yen {es thete war bbl boy who would have didi he had ventured ot (ofthe enornment tat hlated him rom gems. Trough fs tlle fe {cul Se people, ako them, and come cstv them But he cul nt touch hem or eve st on i mothe! lp ‘tthe lelte snc, Gad ames lose his pope pose However his oro Presence was behind the ner el the Mow Pace Only the igh pt could ener there ad ony once» year on the Day of Azonement (ch 16) Frente, he ha be shield fo Cad ory by an incense make screen ore wold die (1612-13) atthe Fob boy” had to be late ro dere, God mained pure en ronment separate rom te worlé of sn outside Lilie the condition ‘he bubble bo” Gods ly slory wa lethal o people asi" Rial sabridsing mechani hat spans 2 sp between esos oes thar enna ordinary ineraerth each ther” Ths igen th Inthe exstence of uscen Beings such a God andor eer entes (ach ai) andthe bli of pata sty sem, corectypefomed. imeractwah thier Viewed within the cont of stam of ele «al has power tod things tha other kof ace anna do. How to read arial ext. The seal way to stay rial iby dict. cbseraton However, or only acest ancient uss is though os, ‘ahi only ft sels, without fully eaptring the experience of he ca th Ghat Tay Wit hd Levis 12-17 cio Although Levies des rot prove every detail of a er ‘rete rstandardizs the esenl stpeofleptiate procedure 50 {atthe ral ral coud accomplish hei itended purposes.” ‘Levan prondeytwoknds of narmaton regarding ts nls) po ese ofthe psa actives peromed, and 2) the tereted goalinen gotten. Te actor served ea knd cf eke come load ‘Sreaing that was sachet ther by the authority hind the Sane he Lord Becase bk a is author was sc othe wore fhrinlormed hebisicl alten, tsmpone oedema under (Eid thee nals without aking tis bell no secur “oilusate the wo levels of meaning, we can dingush beracen them i Leics 13-9, indicating physcl scons wth ls and appt of nein wt Bold pe If is offering 3 burt oferng fom the hed he shall fer male witout blamsh Heshall bingo the entrance ofthe Tent at econ: for aceptance on his bbl blore he Lard. He al ox rho on he hed ofthe burt orig hat may be acceptable inti Beha, co exit for hin, The bl sl be sate tore the Lord and Avon sons the pest, al pom thebood and de> the blond sis al sides of ee ako whch tthe ean othe “entof Meeting The bun ofeang shall be fuel and gute. The son af Aaron the pit shal the feo the har nd ay ot wood pon hefie. Then Aor sons the pests, shal ayes the aa, withthe hea and set an the wood thas on the ire upon he aie Tventreand shin halle wee i wate el he pest hal slight lon the tar asa burt offering a fod a of peas tog aroma to the Lord ese tes che vel meaning ofthe har offering in tems of what theofere does for God. Ths ea of food git form seamed ct by cut ingiteanial to ees, wastngsone of then, ad baring em on he Sas Vers 3 and 4 show wha he fee dese fram te Lord so fern othe following paragraphs we wil exploe te ae this Nt cer ao a4 SFr Rec he nay fe ‘ine thc TO Toe ode, uk onde i eo 98Levis 12-47 Acepunce and expan, and within th ramewark we wil ecoun for the remaining conponers of physical act. nd caning blood mani, slaon and locaton ofthe hide that removed by fying Then we wil seehow specs ofthe bunt ofering spy to Ci nthe proces we wl tncove dynamics ad piles dat we cn pare in the Coniemporary Strieance etion, ‘Acceptance and enorment. When a barn ofsing wes done propery inthe right place, "Cod dd not mpyacep the wosiper and their ‘ng—itgave hi lemare™ Thi ds nomen that eke eyed the smell of buning animals My wale, who grew up in Nepal, else oa Hinds animal saris emi an cbnoxons stench What pesed Cowes "hea in in (eb 1-6) that the sees expeed What mates is ot so much wheter the oles can el owen" of Is orker fom of wonfip bu whether the Lord want oan enjoy Cain could elt to hse bees be ge bat Cd ei not ace (Gen, 43-5) since he lacked ft imped in Heb 114) The eles ‘connected with thei golden eal, but God rected te gterng bovine brat they dene hisel Presence among when they whi hs «old ar, metals that cau or even moo, lone see on ade ‘ance epreseniation of deity (Ex 8, ct Kings 12-13), Expiation, The burn offering was a two-way cancion betwen the ‘fer and the Lord The Belt rected by the afer a el of eh ing fod at othe Lord was the tly gene ito expacon (he 1: “Expiaton’ renders hj the Pel form of the veri, iby ensaed ‘make stonement (30). “Atonement an Engish woe thet wer ong tally combsnacn of words toneme The ea the tw pres become “ac one’ with each other hough» proceso eonclation Th, sone mene i econo, However er does not desebe x complete paces of rconliaon a Ima atonement does, so ier doesnot mean "make stoneent In Levit ‘is 4 priestacomplses prom behalf of snes che preset forgiveness ect grated by the Lond (430 2631.35), Clin Forgvenes that rings reconclatontocompleionBocase be sete ths pois, cannot refer to al eeoniation Rather Be rem ‘har expaton of el chat ands in the way’ of ecneiaon [BSS R ve Popion in| Hans A Dt fe Nee Yo 31 On ie eed 24 8 Ls fe ref LA tee: es 55-77 137 8 ame Sealer Babs alge Sf ein Cand Leviticus 1:2—17 The fc tack isremoval exis how he em cn be wen 1453 fecpurastion of house for na impunity ai flere to Gad What sere would rake to say that hp mers atonement = recone Feveen the owe and Gon Reconciliation with God neces inlades removal of in becas tis focign 1 im and therctore obs the denne human elton. Cod ‘stove John 48), busin lish, andthe wo aeacompate Ina fee we can sy tha Coa alee I we veal cre abut hi we ‘Sean ge up wht bother hi. ‘While animal cost the oferes meting (2 Sim. 2424), they could aay eatin because Cd ws ley the alate Onc 30 10- 13) Sscfes wer ony tokens thatexpesed fh nthe Ld et of «atone ba. 551), They were ie the Cstmss presente my ue when wav seven years. Out ay was poor because eh se ove othe Une Sizes so hat my father could pursue grate sty ‘When Chstmas came, [had lmost nahi of ale o gv my paren So Itpped dine they had given me and gave to the va Chstnas pre ser. The gv cost ne something lcs ia the only dime I posses Thelile com expesed vein repona ot love my paren ead tivenme fed nor bys ove Hand ening: denticaion of eanslersng owner. esring"aving one hand once ead af animal dented healer sows wha wes ‘tansfring the ici to God and who woul in tum ec the belie tha scrice nthe sate seta system, the csc wich che bibl ‘alte secs anny oe hand onthe hea of iin coment ‘hose in which dent ofthe fers, 0 whom ownesip a therm as ‘secated and to whom the bene othe arfice were dicted had oe inated Ths per was reaued for offering an sil om ones herd ar flock, whether he oferer ws an individuals rou et the co sunt" rhe communi a3 woe or ot 109-44 N Kueh Te Pot Sry ye ‘econ sen NOTE ss Setels See ke rei 215 Le 18, Ne. 813 pion orig Es 10Leviticus 12-07 The eicaton of owner view of sical hand earns sp. pote by the wording of Lew 1 he oly place whee the rex er pres the gevre with ne ad He lays hand onthe head of te fre offering, and wil be acepe on is chal a make aconerent fo Un lems supe, The wording which ropes eet tea, tncates tat acceptance on behalf of snd rater ha someone th, depended on pevtrmance a rd lesning Even another person {heal othe nena cour he gesure cise any posse ‘due egaing the Mens ofthe oenerleer ‘Whenanolering ac err flockananal bu aera or3 grain item no ening of the Rind speced (eg, 4-15) 22,8) even a puristonofeingtoremedy sin '57—13), Ths colts wih he ct at {yng sal feign the hand 2 then Radin dire othe lst would slow fr no amity ean the deny ofthe flerer™ Solar we have been talking sbou pate ofleings, which wee ee foxmed whenindsdule chore todo them. Thee were als publ oes that Cod eed a pacar times scoring ode calendar Num 18-29) Se thew sci ha appoints with Gog, hee wou be rocneston eznrcng the entity of heroes, The sco ean why theres noendenc even in he dead sractonsof Levies 16 (se LIS) hat hand leaning ma equine in ean aac “Tae denttcaton of owen ntrpretton coves acuenees of han lean al kinds of see, inating wl egies 32,8, 13) whic wee aot reued to xp oper forse ® Bathe was mote fofand leaning than ste entiston of refi. Since the owners the wing payin aman, band kang waied the of owner Ship From hs point on, dhe aimal was diated the Lr fr hs Taston Thor, when fandleaning was cequved, i sented the tlie owner othe vem to whom he benelitso the sarc belonged ‘rth the coment of wanferangofering rater onthe flee tote Ter Whether or aot han leoning was required in partes, ‘asthe aig ne he fring 3 woe tro proper peiomance tthe ul ncn that scompised she tansaton by wanes something of alc ee Lorde, eg, 19,420.26, 31,35)" 530.) epee et de Stee” 24028 (9011818 IM SceF 1 Goman Tiny Rel Spe Ton Sut eal Py sensi St ta eb IAT Su On Saber on er and none FUCA (908 — Leviton 12-07 Amader analogy hadcaing wold he dhe sgnanue thatthe ower cfacar places on the tie a vehicles pr ofthe eansacton by which he tre elt The satire sone does not sccomplish ease, bu by ely tenting the one who ha height to ll the sgnatie com fret the warierby foaning and legen ic For hss sno cesar to prove tht hind ering accor lshes ase fin to hist tat he can ea is pealty 2 dhe at {forthe sine For ne thing and leanings entiation of departing ‘wnenhip complements ater than contradicts the Hee of tans For ‘hotest he book of Flebrews Chit sabsstons sed onthe fsion ioe in in Ae Pest he ks the sn of ther pon imal and ‘im he ies for thse ins (Heb 725-28, 911-14, 23-28, 101-14 0 Brg Cones section of Lv. 1017). ‘Sugher and application of blood nap act aia sarc the ve: simran so shut blood and body col be sed, but saute sl tro areal low poi tems of actin. Involved no contact with ‘hemosthaly aaa therfore couldbe eromed by they oer (ee 111 32,8, 18,426, 2,33) Manpulatng the ood an placing the an ima peceron shear ire, however sheave had abe performed by aon sevmted pct “The presence or absence af suger i not aid een or deter sioing whether an falter we asacriice A strfice dd or nee Sly ince suger ac all For example, n311—13 an offen ofan soe prication olen that served the func equnalen of 39 n- talsartice Convenly = nonacrifiial rita cou inclede ill # vc tin tn Deuteronomy 211-9 an urolved murder cals fora ili hich + heer nec rote, Because thea does no involve transfer of the tnimal the Lord, even by a esti nthe dston of he sancny (ck Nam 194) itcannoebesarice Rather ea toner lmition ‘eo remive moral ellis. ® ‘While slaughter was nora defining element in sacle sarc, theeis ‘sa quesion that was mporan Ae this moment the blood daned eva ening whith by which apn onthe ares acon 4 CangueS Die wa HA Wit renin SHONT New Ya Dead 10 Agee am bre hee oe nay bs Eel ten i fa Bree WD eB Mh," 9 Aa Rew ffi 30 7)Leviticus «2-17 hing blo agit the ede ofthe slr, 11 spared bla em {he leh hee tat wes dled othe Loin the form of snake So his food twat shone, with the lod dined out the ie of auger Ines wayheshowed recor hich eresetdin he od? 10, He sho stan example for human beings, whom be as never allowed tt rest for which the blod har not ben dane at he ie of anager” ‘Making buen sr nthe leases equred only nage andisporl ofthe blood which were acorplthed by pring ou the Ise ofthe aa (47, 18,25 30,34) However was applied the ies cofthea indicating that seved a higher go Indeed, he src exp ‘elo he ffere (14) by mre a the ecard the aod (1710. ‘While other peoples in Syn Palsine and Greece rated bod a. ‘ices which in some caer nvlved pouring au blood to dies (cP 16a), weda nothave cndence ta they peomed thelogcalysgicare rmanplation of blond by appbing sare objet fr exiion athe rales dd In this and reed respec, the Iaelte sarc stern apps tobe unique Tver doe ot pct the mateo he saree hy avolinery nance by conta with 41-67, where certain kindof sn rere rmancsion puricion or reparation offengs. We wil ther exe te roleoblod ad the scope of expution when we inestns oer pe of ‘series ‘Animal hide agen commision. The hide of burn fering nin waseemoved by fying Tis aed cating the anal ino pecs so tha thy could be peed onthe lar The hide wa ot hue ba ther signed by the Lod tos reoesenav, the oicaing prs (7) a6 ‘what cold be ele an ‘agent commision As ess once sido hs {ples he set them forth to minster "The worker deserve is wabe? (Wake 107; 1 i. ‘Nev Teament gfcance ofthe burt offering Aken fonda the Ich sara pone spt experience dt exgrened ramlermation| of the oferers eztiansip with Coat he ume when was performed Decent the New Teaert, the ie-anddethconsequenes gap eal pocrayed in sucha reached filet inthe awesome saciice of {Chie Gs al humanity Jahn 3.16), ho John the Bp i iced the Lan of God wh kes away the of te wed (129), St Comenpeny ines io nL 3 Soc e, Sea, rere anes 7 Leviticus 1.217 John cold have refed to Chat 'he lof othe Ram of Co certhe"Gostof God Bue chose the Lamb of Ga" Why Fran hing Tish had arophsed that Cady Sena eho would sulle forthe ss Inspeople ia 535) woud ike lamb he ile she sue) Ao, he foundational sare ofthe alte sacrificial pte was the rg {arbumofesns conitng of mb inthe morning and seth | the evening (Sum 281-8) Aller sacfices were performed in tion tot By ean Jest ‘the La Ja ined that one the se tie, 8 to say Here the One who fils the whole scifi system Several cos inthe rng of Levees pull aspects of Cts sscrifes a6 porzaed inthe New Testament) Just 5 amal sctics| were o be phstaly unblemhed (13) 22.17-25), Chast was morly| {blemished ‘amb witha lems or dele (1 Peer 19) nha dil rotsin He. 413, 1 Peer 222) By lowing himself wobeasaetical we fhe dein place of sinners st. 5:5 10.12). a} Leaning one hand on sn aimal victim crates withthe role of (Cheha prophesied. “Surly he has bore nw ints nd cared ‘or dnene (le 334 emphasis sipped). Ct atone foros aking ot soubles on inst 5) Jos a3 bare ofleing expated for an oferer (Le. 14) the New ‘esamen arms tha Crist blond saris reseller rom the sine Toeapres ths dynamic procen,the New Testament employs the lees rmephorsof rose 1 Peter 118-19,€f Mate 2028, Mak 1048, 1 Tim 2p 1 Co 13 Eh 7) and rk nn debe Mat. 3) ‘The nnsom or redemption pre hat Chr pad as msl 14) Chests human le was oly consumed when be was saree on the com ae, eg, Heb. 727—when be oflered hime lo im se jue aa burt ofringivalved consumption ofl edie portions land noreile pars excep forthe ide, Le) 5) The Hebrew word wromled burt orn (i) Ierly means ‘acending” ws burt a, going vertical to Cod nthe form a nde $rewerncense, tobe accepeed by him less aroma (19), the Presence of Cod hovered at the erly Most aly Place, sake hom te ale cutie wert up to Gods heen residence, inking heaven tnd ‘ch Sy after his det onthe cow, Chr ascended to eave Ia. 13:20), When he appeared to Many Naglne pst afer bis ese {on hesald oer ‘Do nos hold on zo me beeaute I ave nor yee acendes| ‘otheFather John 2047, av). Thin vere apse tha ser appestng | Nay ens scened to heaven tht afer whichhe wud eath 2 ‘opened ols ther dacpe forseverl wes Belts permanently iced Ing Uke 24 Ae