TM 1

E-GOVERNMENT
Fatkhuri
Prodi Ilmu Politik
FISIP UPN Veteran Jakarta
 ● Perkenalan

Materi ● Kontrak Belajar

● Rencana Pembelajaran

Pembelajaran Semester
● Pengantar Perkuliahan
 Jadwal Perkuliahan
Perkuliahan Perkuliahan dilaksanakan selama 16 kali termasuk UTS
dan UAS

Perkuliahan dilaksanakan dalam dua metode: Kelas

Besar dan Kelas Kecil

Pelaksanaan Kelas Besar dilaksanakan selama 4 kali dan

Kelas Kecil 12 kali (termasuk UTS dan UAS)
 Jadwal Pembelajaran
Nama Dosen Minggu Ke- Kelas Keterangan
Ferdinand 2,3,9,15 KB
Eskol S.
Nurdin 1, 6,7,8,10, 12, 16 Minggu ke-1 (Kelas Minggu ke 8 dan 16
B,C) (UTS dan UAS/B,C)

Fatkhuri 1, 4, 5, 8,11,13, 14,16 Minggu Ke-1 (Kelas Minggu ke 8 dan 16

A) (UTS dan UAS/A)
Tata Tertib
 Metode Pembelajaran

● Ceramah (Video Pembelajaran)

● Case Based Learning/Problem Based Learning
● Tugas Individu (Pre+Post Test)
● Tugas Kelompok (Case Paper)
An Introduction to Case-Based
Learning
 The Case for Cases
Students analyse situations, develop alternatives, choose
action and implementation plans and communicate their
findings. Cases are used to test understanding of theory,
to connect theory with application, and to develop
theoretical insight.

Leenders and Erskine, 2001

 The Case for Cases

● Students of [policy] should seek to identify ‘critical

experiences’ that … [they] could live vicariously through
and learn from” (Allison, 1988 p. 298).
● The value for us is in:
– Connecting to the wealth of professional
experience in the room
– Drawing on the diverse perspectives
represented in our group
– Enabling people to bridge theory and practice
through active problem-solving
– Developing professional skills

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 Case Learning

● Provide a forum for discussion and debate

● An opportunity to gain different perspectives – both intellectually and
globally – on common challenges for policy-makers
● Preparing for case learning involves:
– Undertaking case analysis
– Applying key approaches from the related lectures
– Writing your case paper

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 The Case Process
Phase 1: Individual Preparation
● The foundation of case-based learning
● Short cycle process
○ 15 minutes
● Long cycle process
● Thorough analysis of the case
● 1 hours

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 Steps in the Short Cycle Process

Step 1 Read opening and ending

paragraphs

2 Who? What? Why? When?

3 Quick look at case exhibits
4 Quick review of case subtitles.
5 Skim read case body.
6 Read assignment or discussion
questions and reflect.
Modified from O’Flynn, 2009
 Steps in the Long Cycle Phase

Part A Thorough reading of the case

Part B Apply case solving process

Step 1 Define the issue
2 Analyse case data
3 Generate alternatives
4 Select decision criteria
5 Analyse and evaluate alternatives
6 Select preferred alternative

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 The Case Process:
Phase 2: Small Group Discussion
● Work in smaller syndicate groups
● Common problems
○ Free-riding; poor time management; lack of preparation; non-
participation; dominating discussion; group-think
• Key steps in the small group
– What was the key issue you identified?
Why?
– What options did you set out?
– What was the optimal approach? Why?
– What problems did you have with the
case?
– Comparing, contrasting, challenging
Modified from O’Flynn, 2009
 The Case Process:
Phase 3: Large Group Discussion
● Builds on:
○ Investment in individual preparation
○ Constructive syndicate group work
● Common stages of discussion
○ What should X do or why did X do that?
○ What is the major issue facing X?
– What is causing the problem/issue?
– How might they go about addressing
this?
– How do you choose the optimal
approach?

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 Assignment
How Do I Write Up My Case Paper?
● There is no ‘gold standard’ in terms of style:
√ Report style with sub-headings
√ Briefing note to the person you are advising
√ Traditional essay style
√ Memo style
● But, there are ‘must haves’
– issues, options, final proposals are
informed
– connections made between theory and
practice
– references provided

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

 How Do I Write Up My Case Paper?
● Introduction
– Situate the case in broader literature; set the scene
● Statement of the issue/problem;
○ Choose one issue; explain why this is so important
● Alternatives for addressing the issue;
○ Distinct ways to address the issue; draw on theory; pros and cons of each
● Single proposal and justification;
– Select one option and explain why this is the
most appropriate given the situation; identify your
decision criteria
• Reference list

Modified from O’Flynn, 2009

Rencana Pembelajaran Semester

https://www.amongguru.com/
 1. Problems
Pengantar E- 2. What is E-Government?
Government
 Problems
1. Governments around faces population growth and
climate change. The world will need to grow around
70 % more food to feed a population of nine billion
people and is far from being perfect today (Rotman, Change the way governments
2013 ). operate and interact.
2. Natural catastrophes, political uprisings and socio-
demographic changes will not make the tasks of Information and communication
creating better living conditions in the future any technologies (ICTs) can help connect
easier. Solusi multiple parties to create a
3. Humans are caught up in a race between improving collaboration platform, achieve
the human condition, using science and technology, participation and solve problems.
and battling a series of financial, political and
environmental crises
4. The complexity of these challenges illustrates that the
issues are no longer localized.
5. There must be cooperation at an international level,
and partnership between citizens and governments,
private and public sectors. Everything is
interconnected and intertwined.

Anderson dkk (2015:1)

 The Changes
● The invention of computer networks,
telecommunication technologies, and the
Internet, has changed everything from
manufacturing to news media to banking.
● In the last two decades, mobile
computers, the Internet, and
telecommunication technologies,
collectively known as information and
communication technologies (ICTs), have
made this transformation possible.
Anderson dkk (2015:3)
● The private sector has played the predominant
role in accelerating change, i.e., from the brick-
and-mortar traditional business model to the
“click-and-mortar” e-business model.
● Initially it was greeted with cynicism and
skeptism but within 15 years, it is impossible to
imagine a world without e-businesses and the
like.
● Even the stacks at libraries are undergoing
changes and adopting a more virtual catalog
of offerings.
● With the right strategy and application of ICTs,
governments can be more efficient and provide
better services (U.N., 2013) and bring
accountability to the government spending.
 What Is E-government?
● The use by government agencies of
information technologies (such as Wide Area
Networks, the Internet, and mobile computing)
that have the ability to transform relations with
citizens, businesses, and other arms of
government.” (Jeong & Kim, 2003 ;
Kushchu&Kuscu,2003)
● These technologies can serve a variety of
different ends:
a. better delivery of government services to
citizens,
b. improved interactions with business and
industry, citizen empowerment through
access to information,
c. or more efficient government manageent
(Gronlund & Horan, 2005 ; Reddick, 2005 ;
Tian & Tianfi eld, 2003 ).
Anderson dkk (2015:6)
Benefits:
● Less corruption, increased transparency,
greater convenience, revenue growth, and cost
reductions. (Definition of E-government, World
Bank 6 )
● A transformation of government processes,
transactions, and policy making and
implementation that are efficiently carried out
through information and communication
technologies (better and efficient services and
reducing waste and corruption and increasing
accountability, transparency, and trust).
● Creating a one-to one relationship with the
government in which citizens are empowered to
take part in the democratic process and policy
making.
 What Is E-government?
● E-government is increasingly being ● E-government is increasingly
implemented in all areas of government considered an important measure
administration at both the local, regional for enhancing citizen access to
and national levels, increasing efficiency government services and
and transparency and bringing expediting the delivery of services
convenience and safety to citizens’ lives, to citizens (Morris & Moon, 2005 ;
and consequently improving the quality of Streib & Navarro, 2006 ).
life (Fountain, 2001; Mulgan, 2000). ● It is used to enhance citizens’
● The growing numbers of initiatives
access to government as much as
promoting e-participation, e-governance
government’s access to citizens
and e-services: 70 % of the United Nations
using current network technologies
Member States in 2012 provided a
(Irani, Love, & Montazemi, 2006 ;
consolidated one-stop-shop portal for
Premkumar, Ho, & Chakraborty,
public services compared with 26 % in
2003.
2006).
The essence of e-government is embodied in the idea of forming a symbiotic relationship between the government and its citizens, and
effectively using ICTs to facilitate that relationship while promoting transparencies so that the citizens can place greater trust in the
activities of their governments.
Anderson dkk (2015:6 n 8)
 E-governance
● Optimization of service delivery, constituency participation and
governance by transforming internal and external relationships
through technology (Government to Citizen, Government to
Employee, Government to Business, and Government to
Government” (Fang, 2002).
● More practically as the “how-to” part of implementing a more
mobile government governance structure that provides the
guidelines for managing processes and enforcing policies
E-GOV ● The root of corruption is often the government that has no, or
seriously lacks, effective governance and, in some cases, those
governments even encourage and propagate systematic
corruption.
● A 2013 survey by PwC of global accounting and reporting by
central governments around the world highlighted the lack of
financial disclosure transparency in many central governments,
and stressed the need for more robust systems of accounting
and financial reporting.

Anderson dkk (2015:8)

 Areas of Public Services
● The seventh annual measurement of the
progress of online public service delivery
across Europe report mentions 20
common basic public services:
1. Income taxes: declaration, notification of
assessment
2. Job search services by labor offices
3. Social security benefits
4. Personal documents: passport and
driver’s license
5. Car registration (new, used, imported
cars)
6. Application for building permission
7. Declaration to the police (e.g. in case of
theft)
Anderson dkk (2015:6-7)
8. Public libraries (availability of
catalogues, search tools)
9. Certificates (birth and marriage):
request and delivery Enrollment in
higher education/university
10. Announcement of moving (change of
address)
11. Health related services (interactive
advice on the availability of services
in different hospitals; appointments
for hospitals) (The Annual Report,
2007) 8
12. Government to Business transactions
(licenses, permits)
 The Viewpoint of E-Government

In the viewpoint of technical determinism In the viewpoint of social determinism

is focused on technology.
● To support rapid and accurate service
for public works by online information
technology.
● The complexity of computer and data
communication is based on
microelectronics.
● The technical definition is limited by
the criteria of technical determinism
and by the development of
information technology to minimize
the concept of e-government
● Focused on restructuring the public service by
improving the management procedure to support
efficiently the introduction of information technology.
● The relation between information technology and
public organization is not one-sided, through a change
in the public organizations, new information
technology leads to many changes of public
organization, such as public works, human resource,
organization structure, and so forth.
● The change of public works from purpose and affairs
is needed for proper management of human
resources, so that the improvement of organization
leads to many changes in the technical system and
human resources.

In the viewpoint of the means for economic development

E-government is the concept to recover national competitiveness and economic
activation based on developing the pioneering information industry by supporting
directly and indirectly the information communication industry with supply
Jin and Tae (2008:34) distribution and network infrastructures (NCA, 1996, 1997, pp. 19-21).
 Post Test

● Apa yang disebut dengan E-Government menurut pendapat Anda?

● Bagaimana penerapan E-Government?

( Uraikan tidak lebih dari 150 kata)

TERIMA KASIH
 Sumber Bacaan

● Dennis Anderson dkk (2015). E-Government Strategy, ICT and Innovation for
Citizen Engagement, (chapter 1: Introduction: Global Challenges in Turbulent
Times: Road to Sustainable E-government), Springer New York Heidelberg
Dordrecht London, hal 1-10
● Shin Young-Jin and Kim Seang-Tae (2008). Chapter 1.4 E-Government
Concepts, Measures, and Best Practicies, in in Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko (Eds.)
Electronic Government: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications,
Information Science Reference, New York, hal 32-57