PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2013

Regulating Valves
These valves are special devices designed for regulating Pressure and Flow Rate of
water. The valves used for this purpose are commonly known as ‘PRV’.

What is a PRV?
PRV is a control valve, where ‘R’ stands for Reducing/Regulating/Relief, simultaneously
performing these functions based upon application:

• Pressure Reducing Valve – for energy dissipation at the outlet.

• Pressure Regulating Valve – for flow regulation based upon requirement.
• Pressure Relief Valve – for safety relief by limiting Pressure rise in the system
Design Criteria
When a PRV is needed, its design must fulfill the following criteria:

• The noise level from an open valve must not be hazardous for the people working
in the power station.

• The valve must dissipate a large amount of the energy in the water, in order not to
cause problem at downstream.

• When the valve opens , the water flow must not be dangerous for for both personal
and structures.
Applications
In bypass PRV is used in end of line solution for energy dissipation and flow regulation.

In turbine transient regulation PRV is used as a safety device with simultaneous

functioning of flow regulation and energy dissipation.
Types of Valves used as PRV

Conical Jet Valve (CJV) Plunger Valve (PLV)

Slide Valve (SLV) Needle type Valve

Conical Jet Valve

Fixed Cone Valve type*

• Controls and dissipates enormous amount
of energy by breaking up the discharge
water into a large hollow expending jet.
• Suitable for submerged application.

* also known as Howell Bunger® or Hollow Jet.

Conical Jet Valve

Ring Jet Valve type

• Similar to fixed cone type with an
important difference that the Ring
Jet valve has a hood that
concentrates the discharge spray
into a jet.

• Though ring jet valves effectively

reduce the objectionable spray, are
not suitable for high heads and
submerged applications.
Application on Conical Jet Valve
CJV are used in most varied applications:
• low level outlet works (dams)
• turbine bypass
• gate surge relieve
• flood control systems
• irrigation facilities
• draining reservoirs or ponds.

Advantages:
• More cost effective
• Lower maintenance
• Adaptable to manual, hydraulic and electric actuators.
Parts and Material details
Reference List - Conical Jet Valves

Project / Client Size PN Location

Voest Alpine ICE, Chile 1200 16 B.O.Santa Juana, Chile
Varlax Bogota, Kolumbien 300 10 B.O.Kolumbien
Voest Alpine ICE, Chile 900 10 B.O.Puclaro, Kolumbien
Kochendofer, Germany 1500 16 DIETFURT, Germany
MAVEL, Czech Republic 600 25 UPPER CLOWHOW
MAVEL, Czech Republic 400 40 SERPENTINE
MAVEL, Czech Republic 400 40 CLEMINE
ANDRITZ Hydro, Italy 600 32 SALISANO
CKD Blansko 1600 16 TAHTAKOPRU
Plunger Valve
Plunger Valve is a type of control valve with annular flow cross-section for
continuous regulations at high pressure differences and flow rates.
Types of Plunger Valve
• Cut-off edge type – It has a sudden
enlargement of cross-section area at the seat
and is suitable for regulating flow where
enough back pressure is present.

• Slotted cylinder type – Suitable to

regulate/control water with suspended solid
particles and prevention of cavitation in case of
high-pressure difference.

• Perforated cylinder type – Suitable to

regulate/control flow and prevention of
cavitation in case of high-pressure difference.
Application on Plunger Valve
PLV valves are used as shut-off and regulating devices in pressure pipe systems.

Ex: PLV applied in Sarbari II project is used to keep the level constant in the surge
tank.

Advantages
• Suitable for high pressures.
• Adaptable to manual, hydraulic and electric actuators.
• Valve with counterweight acts as a safety device and ensures fail safe
opening.
• Longer service life as bearings are not in contact with medium.
• One-piece compact body design.
Parts and Material details
Reference List – Plunger Valves
Project / Client Size PN Location

Sarbari – I 500 25 Himachal Pradesh, India

Vilangad 400 16 Kerela, India
Voest Alpine Montage, Austria 1200 10 B.O.HINTERMUHR, Austria
Voest Alpine MCE, Austria 300 25 HPS GRAINTZEN, Austria
Vorarlberger Illwerke, Austria 600 10 Austria
Hydro West 250 45 Greece
KOSSLER, Austria 800 16 RAPUNI
Verbund 1400 12 KAPRUN, Austria
Geppert, Austria 800 10 TWIMBERG, Austria
VOITH, Austria 1200 25 ERIK, Turkey
SPETALS NORWAY 400 16 Syrifoss HPP
Slide/Sleeve Valve
Slide Valves are of heavy forged design with a self closing tendency. The opening is
controlled hydraulically or by suitably designing it for its own medium.
Application on Slide Valve
SLV valves are used mostly in the by-pass of butterfly and spherical valves.

Advantages
• Suitable for high pressures.
• Compact design.
• Low head loss.
• Lower maintenance and very long service life.
• Low vibrations and sound levels.
• Higher wear & corrosion resistance as complete valve is made of stainless
steel.
Parts and Material details
Needle type Valve – Synchronized application with Turbine
It is a safety cum regulating device suitable for projects having Francis and Kaplan
units in order to limit pressure rise and speed rise in permissible range.
Advantages on Needle type Valve
• Fail safe safety device, as mechanical/hydraulic linkages are used for
synchronous operation with turbine.
• Lesser noise and vibrations as water is discharged through large orifice
cylinder.
• Highly effective in energy dissipation/pressure reduction.
• Highly effective in flow regulation as per the control requirement of turbine
transient.

This valve is not part of TFV line of products.

The design is under responsibility of Turbine Engineering department.
For more details, a specific presentation is available.
Selection Criteria

Valve Type Size (DN) PN/Class

[mm]
CJV 500 – 2000 PN 6 – 25 / 40*

PLV 300 – 1400 PN 6 – 25 / 40*

SLV 40 – 400 Class 150 - 600

Needle 200 – 1000 PN 6 - 40

* Pressure Rating is valid for small size valves only.

More information on TFV and TBHydro valves

https://tbhydro.com.pl/en

www.tfvalves.com